aihuaxu commented on code in PR #12658:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg/pull/12658#discussion_r2015641203


##########
format/spec.md:
##########
@@ -648,6 +648,9 @@ Notes:
 5. The `content_offset` and `content_size_in_bytes` fields are used to 
reference a specific blob for direct access to a deletion vector. For deletion 
vectors, these values are required and must exactly match the `offset` and 
`length` stored in the Puffin footer for the deletion vector blob.
 6. The following field ids are reserved on `data_file`: 141.
 
+For `variant` type, the `lower_bounds` and `upper_bounds` store the minimum 
and maximum values for all shredded subcolumns within a file. These bounds are 
represented as a Variant object, where each subcolumn path serves as a key and 
the corresponding bound value as the value. The object is then serialized into 
binary format (see [Variant 
encoding](https://github.com/apache/parquet-format/blob/master/VariantEncoding.md)).
+Subcolumn paths follow the JSON path format, such as `$.event.event_type` for 
standard keys or `$.event.["user.name"]` for keys containing dots.

Review Comment:
   Make sense. That would reduce the variation. I also update to add the array 
representation to use always index 0 like  `$['tags'][0]`. Let me know your 
thoughts.



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