rdblue commented on code in PR #12658:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg/pull/12658#discussion_r2017533781


##########
format/spec.md:
##########
@@ -648,6 +648,9 @@ Notes:
 5. The `content_offset` and `content_size_in_bytes` fields are used to 
reference a specific blob for direct access to a deletion vector. For deletion 
vectors, these values are required and must exactly match the `offset` and 
`length` stored in the Puffin footer for the deletion vector blob.
 6. The following field ids are reserved on `data_file`: 141.
 
+For `variant` type, the `lower_bounds` and `upper_bounds` store the lower and 
upper bounds for all shredded subcolumns within a file. These bounds are 
represented as a Variant object, where each subcolumn path serves as a key and 
the corresponding bound value as the value. The object is then serialized into 
binary format (see [Variant 
encoding](https://github.com/apache/parquet-format/blob/master/VariantEncoding.md)).
+Subcolumn paths follow the JSON path format to use normalized path, such as 
`$['location']['latitude']` or `$['user.name']`. If the shredded subcolumn is 
an array, represent it using the index 0 to indicate the array structure, such 
as `$['tags'][0]`.

Review Comment:
   There shouldn't be a need to include array paths. Bounds for array data are 
not tracked.



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