Vedas, the first texts of humanity, contain seeds of all forms of knowledge
– spiritual or material. And hence it is obvious that there is no
possibility of contradiction between claims of Vedas and deductions of
science. Unlike other so-called holy texts Vedas do not demand blind belief
on unobservable. So there is no blind insistence on belief in any avatar,
prophet, god, son of god, mythology or historical claims to avoid some
hell-like place and seek some heaven-like holiday spot. On contrary, the
Vedic principle is to explore higher levels of truth in most unbiased
manner and be honest to the results of this exploration. Science and Vedas
go hand in hand.
Thus, the approach of Vedas is way different from rest of the religious
products with whom Vedas are often wrongly clustered. Vedas do not
spoon-feed. They don’t expect you to find truths of nature and world by
memorizing certain verses. On contrary, Vedas urge humans to put efforts,
conduct experiments, reflect upon those experiments and discover wisdom by
making best use of this laboratory called life. And in the journey towards
more and more advanced experiments you conduct, Vedas stand with you as a
trusted guide, coach and mentor. Vedas don’t answer the questions on your
behalf in the examination, like what happens in many corrupt institutions.
They help you seek the answers from within yourself in most honest manner.
Being a student of science for major part of my life, the mysteries of
universe have always fascinated me. And I have always had great respect and
admiration for scientists like Kepler, Newton, Faraday and Einstein whose
pursued the unravelling of these mysteries. They are the modern Rishis of
their fields who discovered the wisdom within themselves by following the
Vedic methods of exploration and gave us the opportunity to be even greater
Rishis. And when I dwell into the Vedas, I find them to be my trusted
mentors who reinforce the same fundamental truths that were discovered by
these wise men. That leads to conclusion that scientific spirit of these
legends combined with proactive inspiration from Vedas could be such a
powerful combination that could transform the civilization in most
wonderful manner – giving methods, direction, efficiency and purpose to all
we do and seek to do as humans.
Here I bring you two interesting Mantras from Rigveda that explain the
planetary motion. Swami Dayanand quoted one of them very briefly in his
amazing text Rigvedadi bhashya bhumika or Introduction to Vedas more than
130 years ago. The mantras can have various meanings, as is the case with
most Vedic mantras. But I shall explore the straightforward meaning in
context of motion of planets.
“The sun has tied Earth and other planets through attraction and moves them
around itself as if a trainer moves newly trained horses around itself
holding their reins.”
The first one is Rigveda 10.149.1. This is one of the several Mantras in
Vedas that assert that planets move around sun. It says:
In this mantra,
Savita = Sun
Yantraih = through reins
Prithiveem = Earth
Aramnaat = Ties
Dyaam Andahat = Other planets in sky as well
Atoorte = Unbreakable
Baddham = Holds
Ashwam Iv Adhukshat = Like horses
Very clearly, the mantra explains that sun is center of solar system and
planets (including earth) move in a closed-loop path around it.
The second one Rigveda 8.12.28 details this motion of planet
“All planets remain stable because as they come closer to sun due to
attraction, their speed of coming closer increases proportionately.”
In this Mantra,
Yada Te = When they
Haryataa = Come closer through attraction
Hari = Closeness
Vaavridhate = Increases proportionately
Divedive = continuously
Vishwa Bhuvani = planets of the world
Aditte = eventually
Yemire = remain stable
(The reference to sun comes from rest of the Mantras in this Sukta before
and after this mantra)
The mantra clearly states that:
1. Motion of planets around the sun is not circular, even though sun is the
central force causing planets to move (Refer previous mantra 10.149.1)
2. The motion of planets is such that Velocity of planets is in inverse
relation with the distance between planet and sun.
It can be easily shown with the help of Newton’s Second Law that, for a
planet revolving around sun in an elliptical orbit, having distance ‘r’
with sun and angle ‘θ’ made between length ‘r’ and any fixed axis, at any
instant, following holds true
>From the above, it can be easily shown that derivative of the product of
square of distance between sun and planet and rate of change of angle θ,
with respect to time, is zero. And thus following relation is obtained
(with h as a constant)
Interestingly, the above relation is nothing but the conservation of
angular momentum, observed in cases involving Central Forces! If you
replace angular velocity with linear velocity, it leads exactly to the same
principle that the Vedic mantra 8.12.28 asserts – that velocity of planets
is inversely related to distance from sun!
What laws of mechanics and motion can be derived from these principles is
something that each of you studying science can explore and be excited
about!
But what is wonderful is that the principles are in perfect sync with
Kepler’s laws of planetary motion and Newton’s law of gravitation. In fact,
if these Vedic principles were known, deriving Kepler and Newton’s laws and
hence law of conservation of angular momentum becomes the next easy logical
step for an analytical mind!
This is the beauty of Vedas. Vedas and Science are never in contradiction.
In fact the foundation of Vedic religion lies in the principle that “True
Science and True Religion can never contradict.”
Please note that we no way imply that mere analysis of Vedic mantras could
lead to any scientific discovery. Because Vedas themselves suggest that
without experiments and research in real-world, truth cannot be discovered
(Refer Atharvaveda 12.5.1, Yajurveda 1.5 and 19.30). But we do want to
imply that Vedas form a wonderful guru who would always stand beside you as
a reliable guide. Nothing in Vedas would contradict your rational
discoveries. And as you discover more and more, Vedas would make you
realize how magnificent that Supreme Power is who is managing this entire
universe through such perfect unchangeable laws! Thus, Vedas strengthen you
from core.
What we presented was just 2 mantras that we chanced to discover with
whatever limited intellect we have. But that does seem to indicate that
Vedas do merit a more detailed and institutionalized research. We do hope
that such researches become reality of tomorrow so that humanity could rise
above schism between science and religion, and fights among various blind
cults for claiming the title of only true religion. Vedas are the most
credible and viable hope for a religion that is in sync with science and
excludes any notion of blind belief. This would be the next level of
evolution of human civilization.
The core foundation of Hindu belief is that Vedas contain source of all
knowledge – physical or metaphysical. However, in last 100 odd years, this
belief has come under scrutiny due to the advances that modern science
claims to make.
An entire group of Vedic ‘experts’ have stood up to prove that Vedas
contain early man theories and are not compatible with modern discoveries.
These include communist historians propelled by commentaries on Vedas by
western indologists like Max Muller, Griffith et al and a new breed of
intellectuals who initiate all research with assumption that ‘old means
defective’. However, in modern era of religious marketing, another group
has come up which would go to any length to discover scientific errors in
Vedas. This is the group which would want 800 million Hindus to lose faith
in Vedas and their religion and embrace what they believe is the final
message of God. Yes I am referring to Islamic and Christian evangelists.
While both these groups of evangelists are propelled by vision of making
everyone in world a follower of their respective Holy Books, the situation
is even more desperate for Quran zealots. This is because a bulk of Islamic
evangelists believe that Jesus will come again towards end of the world
after which they would reach Paradise forever. And an important sign of
Jesus’ coming is conquest of India. I do not know the original source of
this superstition, but this remains a primary motivator for most Islamic
evangelists today.
Thus, every now and then, we would see references to ‘Scientific Errors in
Vedas’. The typical pattern would be English translation of some mantra
followed by a Veda Mantra reference. For example,
“Earth is flat” – Yajur Ved 32.8 ***** real meaning t the end>
Often the reference and English translation are both pointing to sources
best known to authors of these works. But for layman, these create a lot of
confusion and doubt over relevance of Vedas. While I would shy away from
thrusting my personal faith on Vedas, I would like to provide some excerpts
from Vedas that provide clues to deep scientific concepts hidden within
them.
Unfortunately, due to thousand years of slavery, burning of our
universities and libraries by barbarians and then demands for tackling
issues of survival first, there remains a lot of work to be done to
rediscover the Vedic sciences. However, sufficient clues exist to justify
why this rediscovery would be worthwhile.
MOTION OF EARTH
Rig Veda 10.22.14
“This earth is devoid of hands and legs, yet it moves ahead. All the
objects over the earth also move with it. It moves around the sun.
In this mantra,
Kshaa = Earth (refer Nigantu 1.1)
Ahastaa = without hands
Apadee = without legs
Vardhat = moves ahead
Shushnam Pari = Around the sun
Pradakshinit = revolves
Rig Veda 10.149.1
“The sun has tied Earth and other planets through attraction and moves them
around itself as if a trainer moves newly trained horses around itself
holding their reins.”
In this mantra,
Savita = Sun
Yantraih = through reins
Prithiveem = Earth
Aramnaat = Ties
Dyaam Andahat = Other planets in sky as well
Atoorte = Unbreakable
Baddham = Holds
Ashwam Iv Adhukshat = Like horses
GRAVITATIONAL FORCE
Rig Veda 8.12.28
“O Indra! by putting forth your mighty rays, which possess the qualities of
gravitation and attraction-illumination and motion – keep up the entire
universe in order through the Power of your attraction.”
Rig Veda 1.6.5, Rig Veda 8.12.30
“O God, You have created this Sun. You possess infinite power. You are
upholding the sun and other spheres and render them steadfast by your power
of attraction.
Yajur Veda 33.43
“The sun moves in its own orbit in space taking along with itself the
mortal bodies like earth through force of attraction.”
Rig Veda 1.35.9
“The sun moves in its own orbit but holding earth and other heavenly bodies
in a manner that they do not collide with each other through force of
attraction.
Rig Veda 1.164.13
“Sun moves in its orbit which itself is moving. Earth and other bodies move
around sun due to force of attraction, because sun is heavier than them.
Atharva Veda 4.11.1
“The sun has held the earth and other planets”
LIGHT OF MOON
Rig Veda 1.84.15
“The moving moon always receives a ray of light from sun”
Rig Veda 10.85.9
“Moon decided to marry. Day and Night attended its wedding. And sun gifted
his daughter “Sun ray” to Moon.”
ECLIPSE
Rig Veda 5.40.5
“O Sun! When you are blocked by the one whom you gifted your own light
(moon), then earth gets scared by sudden darkness.”
“SCIENCE OF BUILDING SHIPS AND AIRPLANES”
Swami Dayanand has detailed Mantras regarding these in his Vedic commentary
and Introduction to Vedas” (1876). The scientists of IISc concluded that
the mechanism of airplane as suggested by Dayanand is feasible. The first
manned plane was built 20 years after death of Swami Dayanand.
The verses are difficult to translate in English here, but readers are
advised to review “Introduction to Vedas” by Swami Dayanand or
interpretations of following mantras: Rig Veda 1.116.3, 1.116.4, 10.62.1,
1.116.5, 1.116.6, 1.34.2, 1.34.7, 1.48.8 etc.
SCIENCE OF TELEGRAPHY
Rig Veda 1.119.10
“With the help of bipolar forces (Asvins), you should employ telegraphic
apparatus made of good conductor of electricity. It is necessary for
efficient military operations but should be used with caution.”
YAJURVEDA 32.8 Earth is not flat but woven as shown in diagrams by modern
science for curvature of the space which shall be rendered also by these
authors as space is flat but they would not venture to say. Woven is layers
of flat with the curved edges. Now
वे॒नः। तत्। प॒श्य॒त्। निहि॑त॒मिति॒ निऽहि॑तम्। गुहा॑। सत्। यत्र॑। विश्व॑म्।
भव॑ति। एक॑नीड॒मित्येकऽनीडम् ॥ तस्मि॑न्। इ॒दम। सम्। च॒। वि। च॒। ए॒ति॒।
सर्व॑म्। सः। ओत॒ इत्याऽउ॑तः। प्रोत॒ इति॒ प्रऽउ॑तः। च॒। वि॒भूरिति॑ वि॒ऽभूः।
प्र॒जास्विति॑ प्र॒ऽजासु॑ ॥८ ॥
O men! (यत्र) in which (विश्वम्) all the world (एकनीदम्) one shelter (भवति)
would be (तत्) that (गवाह) intelligence or hidden cause (निहितम्) situated (
सत्) the eternally conscious Brahman (विश्वम्) the learned learned man (
पश्यत्) sees with the sight of knowledge At the time of origin (वि) there
is also a separate gross form, (सः) He (विभूः) pervades in various ways (
प्रजासु) among the people (ोतः) like cloth in standing threads (च) and (
प्रतः) like cloth in horizontal threads.
Meaningful Languages -O men! Do not worship anyone else as God except Him
whom the learned know by the power of intelligence, who is the basis of all
the heavens and other things, in whom the whole universe is absorbed at the
time of annihilation and from whom it emerges at the time of
creation.{Dayananda Saraswati}
इत्याऽउ॑तः। प्रोत॒ इति॒ प्रऽउ॑तः। च॒। वि॒भूरिति॑ वि॒ऽभूः।
प्र॒जास्विति॑ प्र॒ऽजासु॑=
PROTHA ITI PRAJASU LAID OR SPREAD AS A CLOTH WOVEN LAY; ISS WRITTEN BY THE
WEST AS FLAT OR EARTH IS FLAT. THE WORLD EVOLUTION WAS DUE TO THE HIDDEN
CAUSE BRAHMAM; AAND INITIALLY IT WAS SPREAD OR ACCELERATED AS IF A WOVEN
CLOTH IN LAYERSS; AND SUCH BRAHMAM ALONE SHALL BE WORSHIPPED- IS CUT
RENDERING THE WHOLE VERSE AS IF ONE LINE GIVING A TWISTED MEANING; IF THE
EARTH WAS FLAT SAY, THEN ALL THE OTHER SCIENCE RENDERED IN VEDAS HOW CAN BE
TRUE AT ALL?
K Rajaram IRS 9425
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