On 2025-09-22 12:01:02 -0400, Michael Stone wrote:
> On Sun, Sep 21, 2025 at 11:51:17PM +0200, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > Do you mean the Valid-Until field?
> >
> > But it is said: "Client behaviour on expired Release files is
> > unspecified."
>
> S
On 2025-09-21 13:46:57 -0400, Michael Stone wrote:
> On Sun, Sep 21, 2025 at 07:32:34PM +0200, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > On 2025-09-21 13:11:28 -0400, Michael Stone wrote:
> > > On Sun, Sep 21, 2025 at 07:09:54PM +0200, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > > > With HTTP, conn
On 2025-09-21 13:11:28 -0400, Michael Stone wrote:
> On Sun, Sep 21, 2025 at 07:09:54PM +0200, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > With HTTP, connections can be redirected to a repository with
> > obsolete, vulnerable packages.
>
> No they can't, there's a signed timesta
nly requirement for security. You also
need to have a way to ensure that the packages are up-to-date.
With HTTP, connections can be redirected to a repository with
obsolete, vulnerable packages.
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ev/null 3.79s user 28.51s system 26% cpu
2:02.46 total
So "--facility mail" is here 75 times as fast as "-u postfix\*".
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; and "dist-upgrade".
> I had assumed that "upgrade" does the software and "dist-upgrade" does the
> kernel but "upgrade" seems to do the kernel as well.
AFAIK, contrary to "dist-upgrade", "upgrade" will not try to remove
packages. So
On 2025-09-19 10:40:34 +0200, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> Nothing related to nvidia or i915 either. But as I've already said,
> this is due to the firmware (in particular the Nvidia one, which has
> huge files). And mkinitramfs includes all installed firmware via
> "/usr/shar
On 2025-09-19 10:19:58 +0200, Michel Verdier wrote:
> On 2025-09-18, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
>
> >> To remove it check if /etc/initramfs-tools/ and /etc/modules-load.d/
> >> contain something related to nvidia.
> >
> > Nothing related to nvidia or i915.
>
: 0010 DS: ES: CR0: 80050033
Sep 18 12:46:29 qaa kernel: CR2: CR3: 0001061f2001 CR4:
00f72ef0
Sep 18 12:46:29 qaa kernel: PKRU: 5554
Sep 18 12:46:29 qaa kernel: note: Xorg[1528] exited with irqs disabled
and other "kernel NULL pointer dereference" er
o have to go dig for some serial debug connection, ...).
Done here:
https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1115601
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On 2025-09-18 18:09:43 +0200, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> I think that I have to look at
> https://unix.stackexchange.com/q/756269/74516
> ("How to merge /boot partition into root partition")
This seems actually more complex, in particular if GRUB 2.12
still doesn't
On 2025-09-18 15:50:47 +, Thomas Pircher wrote:
> On 2025-09-18 15:22, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > The real issue is with the /boot partition. When I installed the
> > machine 2 years ago, the size recommended by Debian was... 25-50 MB!!!
>
> Also not a direct answer to
On 2025-09-18 17:29:08 +0200, Michel Verdier wrote:
> On 2025-09-18, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
>
> > The Nvidia firmware is not needed at boot time (apparently until
> > X11 comes up). I was just asking whether there was a way to delay
> > its loading at least until th
chine 2 years ago, the size recommended by Debian was... 25-50 MB!!!
See https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1076582#22 and
the subsequent messages.
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On 2025-09-18 15:55:03 +0200, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> I think that you haven't followed the discussion. The goal is
> to avoid the firmware in the initrd image because it takes too
> much space in the /boot partition. In particular, it is not
> possible to keep 2 kernels with t
On 2025-09-18 10:00:06 -0400, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> On Thu, Sep 18, 2025 at 15:55:03 +0200, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > On 2025-09-18 09:01:45 -0400, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> > > On Thu, Sep 18, 2025 at 14:07:20 +0200, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > > > Such failures
On 2025-09-18 09:01:45 -0400, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> On Thu, Sep 18, 2025 at 14:07:20 +0200, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > Such failures occur because the disk is not available yet.
> > Isn't there a way to delay firmware loading until the
> > partition has been mounted?
&g
On 2025-09-18 13:18:38 +0200, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> On 2025-09-17 10:31:24 -0400, Stefan Monnier wrote:
> > - reboot using that "slim" initrd.img.
>
> I've tried that, but the kernel crashes. The journalctl output shows
> in particular:
>
> Sep 18 12
On 2025-09-16 09:09:56 +0200, Thomas Schmitt wrote:
> Hi,
>
> Greg wrote:
> > > The release notes say when upgrading from Bookworm to Trixie to perform:
> > > apt upgrade --without-new-pkgs
> > > followed by:
> > > apt full-upgrade
>
> Vin
ccording to
https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/41091/how-can-i-shrink-a-luks-partition-what-does-cryptsetup-resize-do
it seems that KDE Partition Manager can handle that.
It is claimed that GParted cannot, but this was in 2020.
Any information?
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On 2025-09-17 00:46:27 +0200, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> Yes, I can see in particular:
>
> -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 38061600 Aug 15 14:51
> usr/lib/firmware/nvidia/ga102/gsp/gsp-535.113.01.bin
> -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 63571696 Aug 15 14:51
> usr/lib/firmware/nv
a Nvidia chip, I suppose that they are needed
at some point:
:01:00.0 3D controller [0302]: NVIDIA Corporation GA107GLM [RTX A1000
Laptop GPU] [10de:25b9] (rev a1)
But is it really necessary that such firmware be present in the initrd?
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On 2025-09-16 00:45:03 +0200, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> On 2025-09-15 11:28:41 -0400, Stefan Monnier wrote:
> > But yes, I'm using `MODULES=dep` and `COMPRESS=lzma` (tho I don't think
> > the COMPRESS setting is the source of the discrepancy).
>
> So I've tried
` (tho I don't think
> the COMPRESS setting is the source of the discrepancy).
So I've tried MODULES=dep (and still COMPRESS=lzma and COMPRESSLEVEL=9
as before). Now:
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 122M 2025-09-16 00:43:13 initrd.img-6.16.7+deb14-amd64
But this is still *a lot*.
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On 2025-09-13 16:33:51 -, Greg wrote:
> On 2025-09-12, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> >>
> >> Here's a table:
> >>
> >> Command NewPkgs RmvPkgs KeepDebs
> >> -
s not really an error and can be
> disregarded.
If this is not an error, this should not be reported to the end user.
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On 2025-08-16 03:46:17 +0200, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> On 2025-08-15 01:15:12 -0400, Felix Miata wrote:
> > I suggest you realistically evaluate your actual need based upon
> > your existing initrd sizes. I have about two dozen Trixie
> > installations. They are all about the
e the
same errors occur when executing the command from other machines,
this has not been fixed.
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hat
I actually use in general on this machine. I'm tempted to install
rsyslog on my desktop machines too.
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On 2025-09-12 16:10:38 +0200, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> On 2025-09-12 09:53:31 -0400, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> > hobbit:~$ journalctl -u ssh
> > Hint: You are currently not seeing messages from other users and the system.
> > Users in groups 'adm', 's
bookworm and trixie.
* Compared to "-u postfix" (or the pattern), "--facility mail"
includes other mail-related services (e.g. spamd), but it
does not include service start/stop information.
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off this notice.
> -- No entries --
> hobbit:~$ sudo journalctl -u ssh
> [sudo] password for greg:
> Mar 11 18:31:26 hobbit sshd[518764]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): check pass; user
> unkn>
> [...]
On my machines, I do not see any difference between root and non-root.
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ble would have been very useful in a man page.
> "apt upgrade" will "do the kernel" as you put it because the new kernel
> is a new *package* (it has a different name, because multiple kernels
> must be able to coexist). "apt-get upgrade" will not, be
he stable one).
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vice - Postfix Mail
Transport Agent.
Using a pattern
journalctl -u postfix\*
gives any log related to postfix, but this is terribly slow
(more than 3 minutes on my server!) and limited to postfix
(nothing about spamassassin, for instance).
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e Firefox Configuration Editor (about:config page)."
So I thought that it was true by default.
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bs, especially searches (ddg and such) don't
> maintain the URL.)
>
> As long as I do this, I avoid the symptoms the OP described.
If this is a particular tab that takes much memory, I suggest to
try earlyoom with the --sort-by-rss option as I did.
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t the
Nvidia firmware still takes a lot of space, even though a little of
it would be sufficient.
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was loaded as a fresh install. I started with a clean home
> > directory.
>
> Similar here, but with X11. Sometimes (but not always!), the fiull
> window is a litle too big, so that it cannot be closed by the "x" on
> the frame.
This depends on the window manager. I'm us
he
recommended packages) is not about 9 MB, but now 100 MB:
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 99M 2025-05-27 23:26:17 initrd.img-6.7.12-amd64
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 104M 2025-08-11 23:40:35 initrd.img-6.12.38+deb13-amd64
(this is with maximum compression).
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On 2025-08-12 18:58:21 +0700, Max Nikulin wrote:
> On 08/08/2025 20:29, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > On 2025-08-07 18:52:47 +0700, Max Nikulin wrote:
> > > On 06/08/2025 10:18, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > > >
> > > > Note that passwords can easily be
On 2025-08-11 16:35:00 +0200, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> On 2025-08-11 15:34:14 +0200, Nicolas George wrote:
> > Vincent Lefevre (HE12025-08-11):
> > > How can you ensure that swap that will use only for that?
> >
> > I trust the kernel. Do you not?
>
> This i
On 2025-08-11 15:34:14 +0200, Nicolas George wrote:
> Vincent Lefevre (HE12025-08-11):
> > How can you ensure that swap that will use only for that?
>
> I trust the kernel. Do you not?
This is not what I've observed in the past.
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On 2025-08-11 13:36:11 +0200, Nicolas George wrote:
> Vincent Lefevre (HE12025-08-11):
> > But swap, when used, makes the UI very unresponsive.
>
> Not when it is used to store the overflow of a tmpfs.
How can you ensure that swap that will use only for that?
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t that tmpfs is more efficient since it does not try to
> survive an outage.
But swap, when used, makes the UI very unresponsive. It is almost
impossible to kill the process that takes much memory. If there
were an option to enable swap only for tmpfs, this would solve
the issue.
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On 2025-08-09 21:51:36 -0600, Charles Curley wrote:
> On Sun, 10 Aug 2025 03:56:59 +0200
> Vincent Lefevre wrote:
>
> > > Or even 'apt autopurge', saves at least 8 characters! :-)
> >
> > According to the apt(8) man page, this doesn't exist.
&
/home/vinc17 foo=/home/vinc17/bar:/home/vinc17/rod
And "foo=~/bar:~/rod ; echo $foo" seems to give
"/home/vinc17/bar:/home/vinc17/rod" in all shells.
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echo "~/"
~/
And without the quotes, $HOME is not recommended, in case the
home directory contains spaces.
AFAIK, ~/ (without quotes) is equivalent to "$HOME/" (with quotes).
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ould answer a similar question?
> [ NOTE BENE: The search may be more beneficial than the answer ]
Look for "tilde expansion" in the bash(1) man page.
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tter to make "tar" do the
compression (either internally or with an external xz). xz offers
a way to choose at what points compressed blocks will be split.
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On 2025-08-10 10:10:38 +0200, Nicolas George wrote:
> Vincent Lefevre (HE12025-08-10):
> > Yes, an example:
> >
> > qaa% ls -l PROGRAMME-FFC-2024.pdf
> > -rw-r--r-- 1 vinc17 vinc17 40991563 2024-11-11 02:18:14
> > PROGRAMME-FFC-2024.pdf
> > qaa% xz -k
On 2025-08-10 10:09:32 +0200, Nicolas George wrote:
> Vincent Lefevre (HE12025-08-10):
> > Big files have several blocks. See my example. And that's with
> > the default options.
>
> What you showed is not default options, especially not for archives.
> Nobody does “t
Or even 'apt autopurge', saves at least 8 characters! :-)
According to the apt(8) man page, this doesn't exist.
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On 2025-08-09 23:47:26 +0200, Nicolas George wrote:
> But as I said, it does not do that, and that would be useless
> because xz files do not have block in practice.
Big files have several blocks. See my example. And that's with
the default options.
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On 2025-08-09 12:39:35 -0700, Michael Paoli wrote:
> On Sat, Aug 9, 2025 at 2:50 AM Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > On 2025-08-09 01:30:52 -0700, Michael Paoli wrote:
> > > < tar.xz | xz -d | tar tf -
> >
> > With tar utilities that support xz (like GNU tar), no
On 2025-08-09 19:39:57 +0200, Nicolas George wrote:
> Vincent Lefevre (HE12025-08-09):
> > xz compresses into several blocks by default (of course, this is
> > visible only on very big files, where it really matters).
>
> Before posting, I have checked on files of varied s
xz 5.4.x and older the
default is 1.
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z
is sufficient. This may allow one to skip xz blocks if the archive
contains big files. That said, I don't know whether GNU tar has
such an optimization.
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akes above convenient?
>
> If you plan to do this repeatedly, the .zip format is a superior
> choice.
But it is quite bad for compression. The 7z format (implemented by
7-Zip) should be much better.
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ixie, I think, it is an Xserver related issue.
If you first try to upgrade just xserver-xorg-core, you may be able
to confirm.
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On 2025-08-07 18:52:47 +0700, Max Nikulin wrote:
> On 06/08/2025 10:18, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > On 2025-08-06 09:33:12 +0700, Max Nikulin wrote:
> > > I believe, proper tags are neither security+critical not wishlist, but
> > > something in between.
> >
>
> I'm afraid I spoke too soon and the accented characters are showing up
> as blank spaces. Doubt anyone will have a fix.
Couldn't this be a font issue? (You can check with a conversion to text
in order to see if the accented characters are present.)
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e issue even worse.
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t to do a dict query, the user needs to do this
explicitly. On the opposite, stardict scans selections from other
applications and do the associated query without asking the user
first.
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, it's much easier to copy-paste them.)
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f a crash).
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On 2025-08-04 08:43:54 +0200, Klaus Singvogel wrote:
> Hi Vincent,
>
> Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > Be careful with StarDict! By default, when the application is running,
> > it sends whatever the user selects (from other applications) to
> > Chinese servers!
>
>
he sandbox
with its own X server (e.g. --x11=xephyr with firejail?), but with
consequences on the usuability of the application itself.
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Be careful with StarDict! By default, when the application is running,
it sends whatever the user selects (from other applications) to
Chinese servers!
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Wo
IN_VALIDITY_CERTIFIED_BLOCKED 0.001
> | #score RCVD_IN_VALIDITY_RPBL_BLOCKED 0.001
I have that, but this is ignored. See the mail I sent on
Mon, 9 Jun 2025 13:31:02 +0200.
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On 2025-06-09 13:50:52 +0200, Nicolas George wrote:
> Vincent Lefevre (HE12025-06-09):
> > Jun 09 13:07:48 joooj spamd[164780]: check: dns_block_rule
> > RCVD_IN_VALIDITY_RPBL_BLOCKED hit, creating
> > /root/.spamassassin/dnsblock_bl.score.senderscore.com
>
> A system
nder.org (This means DNSBL
blocked you due to too many queries. Set all affected rules score to 0, or use
"dns_query_restriction deny sa-trusted.bondedsender.org" to disable queries)
and the mail messages still have the RCVD_IN_VALIDITY_*_BLOCKED
in the headers.
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On 2025-06-09 02:58:07 +0200, Santiago Vila wrote:
> El 9/6/25 a las 1:18, Vincent Lefevre escribió:
> > Is the spamassassin Debian package unsafe to use in stable?
> >
> > The issue is that things related to spam evolves rapidly, but
> > Debian stable is... stabl
RCVD_IN_VALIDITY_SAFE_BLOCKED
while upstream gave them zero scores in May.
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wait for the next
stable release (except when one is the admin, in which case, one
can patch the software and recompile).
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drivers for
the Nvidia cards.
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On 2024-08-01 12:12:31 -0700, Van Snyder wrote:
> On Thu, 2024-08-01 at 15:26 +0200, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > Should I switch to the proprietary nvidia driver on these machines?
>
> Without NVidia's graphics accelerator, using software rendering with
> nouveau is painful
On 2024-08-01 11:32:10 -0400, Felix Miata wrote:
> Vincent Lefevre composed on 2024-08-01 17:18 (UTC+0200):
>
> > On 2024-08-01 10:23:53 -0400, Felix Miata wrote:
>
> >> the bug fix should trim initrd size considerably before
> >> too long.
>
> > What
On 2024-08-01 10:23:53 -0400, Felix Miata wrote:
> Vincent Lefevre composed on 2024-08-01 15:26 (UTC+0200):
>
> > I have several Debian/unstable machines, all with a Nvidia card.
>
> > On one of them, due to a bug in nouveau in the past, I use the
> > proprietary nvid
On 2024-08-01 09:37:54 -0400, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> On Thu, Aug 01, 2024 at 14:47:16 +0200, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > No, even for unstable, maintainers should ensure that packages are
> > upgraded in the right order.
>
> Once again, here is my understanding of the current
future bugs), this might not be possible.
Should I switch to the proprietary nvidia driver on these machines?
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Vincent Lefèvre - Web: <https://www.vinc17.net/>
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Work: CR INRIA - computer arithmetic / AriC project (LIP, ENS-Lyon)
On 2024-07-29 23:36:02 -0500, David Wright wrote:
> On Mon 29 Jul 2024 at 11:24:25 (+0200), Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > On 2024-07-28 22:26:10 -0500, David Wright wrote:
> > > On Sun 28 Jul 2024 at 16:43:01 (+0200), Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > > > On 2024-07-28 00:0
On 2024-07-28 22:49:43 -0500, David Wright wrote:
> On Sun 28 Jul 2024 at 16:23:48 (+0200), Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > On 2024-07-28 00:08:51 -0500, David Wright wrote:
> > > On Sun 28 Jul 2024 at 02:06:38 (+0200), Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > > > But for searching
On 2024-07-28 22:26:10 -0500, David Wright wrote:
> On Sun 28 Jul 2024 at 16:43:01 (+0200), Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > On 2024-07-28 00:07:56 -0500, David Wright wrote:
> > > It looks accidental to me that systemd did that tidying up before
> > > procps had attempted
l open.
No, this thread was started *after* bug #1077184 (which I reported)
was closed as wontfix and *after* I reported bug #1077187.
--
Vincent Lefèvre - Web: <https://www.vinc17.net/>
100% accessible validated (X)HTML - Blog: <https://www.vinc17.net/blog/>
Work: CR INRIA - computer arithmetic / AriC project (LIP, ENS-Lyon)
On 2024-07-28 11:21:01 -0400, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> On Sun, Jul 28, 2024 at 16:43:01 +0200, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > More or less. In the systemd case, for each file, either one chooses
> > it, i.e. one has all the current defaults, or one chooses to provide
> > a replac
done *on purpose* (together with the lack
of announcement).
--
Vincent Lefèvre - Web: <https://www.vinc17.net/>
100% accessible validated (X)HTML - Blog: <https://www.vinc17.net/blog/>
Work: CR INRIA - computer arithmetic / AriC project (LIP, ENS-Lyon)
On 2024-07-28 00:07:56 -0500, David Wright wrote:
> On Sun 28 Jul 2024 at 04:25:32 (+0200), Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > On 2024-07-27 20:25:54 -0400, Greg Wooledge wrote:
>
> > > On Sun, Jul 28, 2024 at 01:17:19 +0200, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > > > The confi
On 2024-07-28 00:08:51 -0500, David Wright wrote:
> On Sun 28 Jul 2024 at 02:06:38 (+0200), Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > On 2024-07-23 11:13:47 -0500, Nate Bargmann wrote:
> > > The GNU info documentation is really intended to be read in Emacs where
> > > some nice fo
On 2024-07-27 20:25:54 -0400, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> On Sun, Jul 28, 2024 at 01:04:14 +0200, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > On 2024-07-27 10:23:01 +0200, Michel Verdier wrote:
> > > /etc/sysctl.d/README.sysctl recommends to use a separate file such as
> > > /etc/sysctl.d
en virtual
> terminals?
This is possible with zsh (option SHARE_HISTORY). But I do not use
this option: if I want to retrieve a command from another terminal,
I simply re-execute the shell to get the whole history of commands
typed so far (but there are other ways to manipulate the history).
-
atch with pinfo?
(info has { and } to navigate through the matches, Lynx has n and N,
but what about pinfo?)
--
Vincent Lefèvre - Web: <https://www.vinc17.net/>
100% accessible validated (X)HTML - Blog: <https://www.vinc17.net/blog/>
Work: CR INRIA - computer arithmetic / AriC project (LIP, ENS-Lyon)
On 2024-07-27 09:26:49 -0400, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> > On 2024-07-26, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> >
> > > The /etc/sysctl.d/99-sysctl.conf symlink has been removed
> > > (currently in unstable) *without any announcement*, so that
> > > the /etc/sysctl.co
On 2024-07-27 10:23:01 +0200, Michel Verdier wrote:
> On 2024-07-26, Vincent Lefevre wrote:
>
> > The /etc/sysctl.d/99-sysctl.conf symlink has been removed
> > (currently in unstable) *without any announcement*, so that
> > the /etc/sysctl.conf file (which is still do
ractive?
Yes, it may execute it. From the bash(1) man page:
If bash determines it is being run non-interactively in this
fashion, it reads and executes commands from /etc/bash.bashrc
and ~/.bashrc, if these files exist and are readable.
--
Vincent Lefèvre - Web: <https://www.vinc17.net/>
etup.
>
systemd has "Recommends: [...] systemd-cryptsetup [...]".
So this is the following bug:
https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=931283
--
Vincent Lefèvre - Web: <https://www.vinc17.net/>
100% accessible validated (X)HTML - Blog: <https://www.vinc17.net/blog/>
Work: CR INRIA - computer arithmetic / AriC project (LIP, ENS-Lyon)
The /etc/sysctl.d/99-sysctl.conf symlink has been removed
(currently in unstable) *without any announcement*, so that
the /etc/sysctl.conf file (which is still documented, BTW)
is no longer read.
So, be careful if you have important settings there (security...).
--
Vincent Lefèvre - Web
nd to prefer readability over being clever,
> even if the readable version is somewhat less performant.
To match a range inside a regexp, $(rgxg range 1 119) is readable. :)
rgxg is provided by the package of the same name.
--
Vincent Lefèvre - Web: <https://www.vinc17.net/>
100% accessi
On 2024-06-17 15:08:54 -0400, Dan Ritter wrote:
> Vincent Lefevre wrote:
> > On 2024-06-17 08:26:39 -0400, Dan Ritter wrote:
> > > On stable:
> > > $ openssl list -disabled
> > > Disabled algorithms:
> > > IDEA
> > > MD2
> > > MDC2
&
d&managed mostly independently
> and with different configurations. By and large, if you can connect to
> eduroam at one place it's likely it'll also work elsewhere but it's not
> always the case.
Isn't the authentication done by the remote side, thus will always
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