mediately when I read your first messages. I'm
using SDDM session manager and KDE Plasma desktop but the problem is
Wayland: it always just crashes.
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
// OpenPGP: DD3B8E8ABD28B98176E6A79A5E615FCC
secrets.
Plus all the technical problems written in various blog posts and
articles.
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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1. A session key is randomly generated key which is used to encrypt and
decrypt the actual data. Recipients' public keys [certificates] are
used to encrypt the session key.
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
// OpenPGP: 6965F03973F0D4CA22B9410F0F2CAE0E07608462
s
* 2025-08-30 21:07:26+0300, Teemu Likonen wrote:
> I would like to gather some general information and your experience
> how email clients behave by default when you press REPLY button for an
> encrypted mail. Just a general picture and your experience.
I got two answers about e-mail cl
o I consider unimportant."
If a recipient sends my encrypted text as plain text I know that he is
not trustworthy. But this can also be the problem of tools, and my
original message was more about that.
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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k
in a Git repository, Linux repositories etc. At important stages the
verification happens automatically (by "apt", for example).
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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ecrypt the attachment manually. It breaks
the normal habit and quick thoughtless replies.
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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* 2025-08-29 16:45:54+0300, Teemu Likonen wrote:
> 1. Alt or Meta + left mouse button: move the window that is under the
> mouse cursor.
>
> 2. Alt or Meta + right mouse button: resize the window from the nearest
> side or corner.
>
> 3. Alt + F3: open window
Meta + left mouse button: move the window that is under the
mouse cursor.
2. Alt or Meta + right mouse button: resize the window from the nearest
side or corner.
3. Alt + F3: open window's upper left corner menu (quick menu).
The "Alt or Meta" is a configuration option some
1. Options / Set Defautl Font...
2. Options / Save Options
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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ng
the router things worked again. I can't give very specific information
but that was definitely the pattern.
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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e.d/override.conf
[Unit]
ConditionACPower=
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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/user@.service.d/my-umask.conf
[Service]
UMask=0007
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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bles you can just quote the "realpath" output:
do_something_for "$(realpath ...)"
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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nd "set-ntp".
sudo timedatectl set-ntp false
See the current state with just "timedatectl" command. What happens
behind the surface is enabling/disabling service
systemd-timesyncd.service. You can check its status:
systemctl status systemd-timesyncd
g instead
of random time. When operating system is running RTC does not matter
anymore.
To get operating system's clock have accurate time it needs to be
synchronized with network time servers via network time protocol (NTP).
Systemd has that feature. Turn in on with
sudo timedatect
2024-03-06 05:33:00
Time zone: Europe/Helsinki (EET, +0200)
System clock synchronized: yes
NTP service: active
RTC in local TZ: no
See "timedatectl -h" or manual page for more info.
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://ww
LC_TELEPHONE="C.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="C.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="C.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=C.UTF-8
In my opinion it's often too much to set LC_ALL=C because it changes
charset to ASCII (LC_CTYPE).
To change programs' output messages to English LC_MESSAGES=C is often
enough. Sometimes LC_TIME and LC_NUMERIC are required too.
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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* 2024-02-11 14:13:51+0200, Alexis Grigoriou wrote:
> I have encountered an error upgrading to 12.5 from 12.4 regarding the
> nvidia-driver and linux-image 6.1.0.18. The error is:
Very likely this bug:
https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1063656
Not your fault.
--
///
* 2024-02-01 11:57:50-0500, gene heskett wrote:
> I have an about 125 page .md file I need hardcopy of.
Maybe install "okular" and "okular-extra-backends" which includes
markdown backend. Open your .md file in Okular which then renders it
nicely. Print.
--
/// Tee
nd stores from input file or standard input stream
at one time. The tool could also have --obs= option for setting how many
bytes it writes to the standard output at one time before filling the
output buffer again. That's what "dd's" ibs= and obs= do.)
--
/// Teemu Liko
just get the time as epoch time e.g. "date +%s" and
> then you can subtract one from the other¹.
Also, Bash has variable EPOCHSECONDS which expands to the current Unix
epoch time.
$ echo $EPOCHSECONDS; sleep 5; echo $EPOCHSECONDS
1702812641
1702812646
--
/// Teem
ystem and its journal is
really nice part of it. I use systemd units in such way that would have
been difficult before.
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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this has
now been disabled by default in the latest upstream release.
https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/amd64/release-notes/ch-information.en.html#grub-os-prober
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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De
> before it eventually starts Grub.
> Do you know how to get into the EFI to change the POST settings?
No, sorry. I have not seen any EFI settings in my Macbook Air, ever.
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
// OpenPGP: 6965F03973F0D4CA22B9410F0F2CAE0E07608462
signatu
ey id, key fingerprint or user id argument(s).
I suggest that you check your key's fingerprint with "gpg -K" command
and then use the fingerprint the select the key for export.
gpg --output key.gpg --export-secret-key
F514B7B57C2960FA7D6FF4E15BA322F72BEF564B
--
/// Teemu Li
asonable" is vague but here are more options: Nitro PC or Nitro Pad
(used Lenovo):
https://shop.nitrokey.com/shop/product/nitropc-132
https://shop.nitrokey.com/shop/product/nitropad-t430-119
https://shop.nitrokey.com/shop/product/nitropad-x230-67
"Disabled Intel Managemen
7;t own Tuxedo computer myself so I can't tell much.)
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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re any way I can tell CUPS "Please set up a queue for a printer
> whose IP address is 10.76.172.100 even though you can't discover it with
> your fancy tools"?
I would try to add manually one of these connection addresses:
http://10.76.172.100:631
ipp://10.76.172.1
-order.sh
And the script would execute "xrandr" with my preferred options and
finally run the default setup file /usr/share/sddm/scripts/Xsetup. But
that's not too nice for a desktop system. After all a major Linux
desktop system should handle multiple monitors without such low-le
because I don't have any sendmails
installed. A lower level option for constructing valid emails is
"mime-construct".
From letters are in the beginning of this line because I want to test my
own message and email client: the file that is saved locally in my
computer and the file which
and
write something like this:
debug-level expert #or: guru
log-file /tmp/dirmngr-log.txt
Then kill dirmngr
$ gpgconf --kill dirmngr
and try key servers again. See the log file mentioned above.
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/t
* 2022-11-01 16:27:25+0100, to...@tuxteam.de wrote:
> To the OP: what does entering "locale -a" in a terminal say on your
> machine?
And "locale charmap" command too. Hopefully it will print "UTF-8" but if
it prints "ANSI_X3.4-1968" it means ASCII a
rs and attachment markup yourself is not going
> to be fun.
Mailx, or even better, Mutt:
mutt [-nx] [-e command] [-F rcfile] [-b bcc-addr] [-c cc-addr]
[-s subject] [-a file ... --] to-addr ... < message
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.
are.
It's good to bring attention to long-ignored bugs in Debian. It can help
get them fixed sooner.
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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content so that it has this:
[Unit]
ConditionACPower=
After editing you can verify the unit file with:
$ systemctl cat logrotate.service
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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. Logs will not
fill your hard disk. No need to worry. You can read about the log
maintenance logic from journald.conf(5) manual page:
man journald.conf
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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Descriptio
avahi-browse -rt _ipp._tcp"
Should be, if the print server has setting "Share printers connected to
this system". Obviously Cups and Avahi must be running on machines in
the same network.
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
// OpenPGP: 6965F03973F0D4CA22B9
e?
I would guess that someone has tried to automatically collect a lot of
email addresses and ended up getting also those message id's. Then an
attacker tries to intrude with those addresses.
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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ideo2.mp4'
Then use a FFmpeg command line like this:
ffmpeg -f concat -safe 0 -i list.txt [...]
In the place of "[...]" you will have all the codec, filter and output
options. Some examples:
-c copy ready.mp4
-c:v libx264 -crf 24 -c:a aac -q:a 2 ready.mkv
-
on
says:
In addition to the features already supported by exim4-daemon-light,
exim4-daemon-heavy includes LDAP, sqlite, PostgreSQL and MySQL data
lookups, [...]
If you want lighter version of Exim install exim4-daemon-light package
instead.
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlik
systemctl --user stop gpg-agent.service
The agent process will be started automatically next time it is needed
and smart card must be authenticated again with PIN.
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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use some
of the following subcommands:
timedatectl set-timezone [...]
timedatectl set-local-rct [...]
timedatectl set-time [...]
timedatectl set-ntp [...]
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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i linux-image-amd64 - Linux for 64-bit PCs (meta-package)
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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real
Linux brand.
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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o change options for an existing file system.
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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y read some of the "man scdaemon" manual too.
I don't know about your actual problem and probably can't help with PGP
smart cards. In addition to this mailing list gnupg-users list is a good
option too.
https://lists.gnupg.org/mailman/listinfo/gnupg-users
--
///
u |head -n2
Architecture:x86_64
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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disk device files /dev/sda and its partitions.
The solution that worked for me: I removed the installer USB stick and
inserted it again. Then the installer finds the device and proceeds with
the install. Technically there is now device file /dev/sdb and its
partitions.
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. http
that, I want all the permissions to remain the same, but the
> ownership should be changed according to a provided map.
Looks exactly like what "rsync --usermap=FROM:TO" can do. There is also
"--groupmap" option for mapping groups.
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .
* 2021-08-16 12:14:41+0100, mick crane wrote:
> Are there release notes for bookworm somewhere ?
https://duckduckgo.com/?q=debian+release+notes+bookworm
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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Descript
deb https://deb.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib
[...]
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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quot;rm" to delete the oldest not running kernel and
initrd file and update the kernel with package manager. Then I would
delete the old kernel and related packages with the package manager.
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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* 2021-07-30 07:41:23-0400, Greg Wooledge wrote:
> On Fri, Jul 30, 2021 at 08:48:28AM +0300, Teemu Likonen wrote:
>> You have already got answers but here is another. Bash has a special
>> arithmetic evaluation mode which happens in:
>>
>> let ... # r
turns the value of the expression
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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much
about Fontforge but the script itself is simple and the code explains
itself. Give it font file names as arguments.
#!/usr/bin/fontforge
i = 1
while ( i < $argc )
Open($argv[i])
Generate($argv[i]:r + ".pfa")
i++
endloop
--
/
tsubst source_dir/%.src,dest_dir/%.dst,$(src))
all: $(dst)
.PHONY: all
dest_dir/%.dst: source_dir/%.src
@mkdir -p $$(dirname $@)
CMD $< $@
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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also read (Usenet) newsgroups.
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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* 2021-07-02 12:52:53+0200, Thomas Schmitt wrote:
> Teemu Likonen wrote:
>> For this new subject I will add another use: quickly create empty file
>> of specific size, for example 5 * 1024 bytes:
>>$ dd of=empty obs=1024 seek=5 count=0
>
> Not to forget creation of
ubject I will add another use: quickly create empty file
of specific size, for example 5 * 1024 bytes:
$ dd of=empty obs=1024 seek=5 count=0
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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onally the same as either of these:
gzip image.gz
gzip --to-stdout /dev/sdX >image.gz
Usually we don't need "dd" for anything but there are some options which
are useful sometimes. For example, "dd" can report progress to st
extra barrier (together with passphrase) for others to
steal and use the key -- or for the owner to lose it. But if you don't
consider this a relevant threat then there is no need to keep your
primary key far and offline. Key management guides don't know what is
relevant to you.
--
/// Te
old of it.
>
> Is it possible to search in the maintainer field with apt?
Yes. "aptitude" can do that:
aptitude search '?maintainer(Debian XMPP)'
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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ht Color
https://github.com/jonls/redshift
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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anged since the latest
backup "--link-dest" creates hard links. Old backups can be deleted by
removing old (or any) directory tree. The trees don't depend on each
other.
What else do we need? OK, some people may need compression but usually
hard disk space is cheap.
--
/// Teemu
s plasma-desktop (>= 4:5.10)
i A plasma-desktop Depends kde-cli-tools (>= 4:5.14)
i A kde-cli-tools Depends libkf5su5 (>= 4.96.0)
i A libkf5su5 Depends sudo
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
// OpenP
* 2021-01-24 16:40:45-0700, Charles Curley wrote:
> Take a look at the mboxgrep package.
Maybe you should explain how it helps the original poster and his
problem. See:
https://lists.debian.org/debian-user/2021/01/msg00876.html
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tliko
may work with maildir
email storage which has one file per message.
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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e are valid reasons
to ignore Reply-To and reply only to sender's From address.
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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t is perfectly valid interpretation and behaviour. This could help
you understand why you sometimes get private replies.
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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ser agent software don't agree
with all the different semantics of replying. Widely supported features
are "reply to sender" (Reply-To, From) and "reply to all". Debian
mailing list policy (send only to list address) is not easy for many
mail user agents. "Re
* 2020-11-01 11:09:50+01, Anders Andersson wrote:
> On Mon, Oct 26, 2020 at 5:43 PM Teemu Likonen wrote:
>> From my backups I found an ~/.xsession-errors file of size 111
>> megabytes. Probably I deleted the file at that point and it started
>> grow again.
>
> Amateur
* 2020-10-26 20:04:55+03, Reco wrote:
> On Mon, Oct 26, 2020 at 06:35:45PM +0200, Teemu Likonen wrote:
>> - Do you configure some rotating system, perhaps with logrotate(8)?
>> (Why doesn't Debian have this automatically?)
>
> For Debian, it may work. For RHEL, fo
n 2005-02-27. There are ideas about
/etc/X11/Xsession script too. Debian developers certainly can fix this
if they want.
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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phenomenon that there still is
this well-known indefinitely growing file and seemingly no automatic
rotation.
From my backups I found an ~/.xsession-errors file of size 111
megabytes. Probably I deleted the file at that point and it started grow
again.
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://w
* 2020-10-25 06:51:36-04, Kenneth Parker wrote:
> On Sun, Oct 25, 2020, 6:40 AM wrote:
>> alpine
> +1
It would be useful to add some information how the suggested client
(Alpine) serves the purpose that was asked by the original poster.
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki
and "Notmuch Emacs" automatically render
HTML mail nicely as plain text. User can can also open HTML and other
MIME parts in external viewer like web browser.
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. https://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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discussions. I just think
that such counter question are strange. Questions which have completely
wrong premises.
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. http://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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so she would be able
> decrypt and read them?
>
@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@
syswtems: https://www.7-zip.org/
Encrypt on Linux:
-$ 7z a -ptestwort -mhe=on secret.7z secret.txt
+$ 7z a -ptestwort -mhe=3Don secret.7z secret.txt
Decrypt on Windows: Double-Click or use commandline:
% 7z x -o. secret.7z
signature.
About this thread's subject: If the original requirement for "reasonable
security" means also data integrity (the content is untouched) or
authentication (the sender is verified) then this all starts to point to
digital signatures, thus OpenPGP (like GnuPG).
--
/// Teemu
* 2020-08-21 22:00:45+03, Teemu Likonen wrote:
> If your security is just about confidentiality (other's can't have the
> content) and you don't have really serious hackers targeting you then
> probably encrypted Zip archives are good enough. Obviously a good enough
available options which work with operations against evil state
enemies. But most people don't have such serious enemies. Any password
will stop almost all third parties.
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. http://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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normal security upgrades and package installations user can choose
any tool. The difference is that apt-get and other apt-* tools are more
low level and stable to use in scripts. Obviously it can be used
interactively too. Apt and Aptitude are meant for interactive use.
--
/// Teemu Li
t. There is reader macro ' and expression 't is expanded
to (quote t).
--
/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. http://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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+10:00"
2020-07-23 07:30:00+00:00
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. http://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
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(And let's not forget \, command which is a
fixed 1/6 em space.)
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. http://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
// OpenPGP: 4E1055DC84E9DFF613D78557719D69D324539450
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Description: PGP signature
_archive
Bash completion helps in interactive shell: tar --cr
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. http://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
// OpenPGP: 4E1055DC84E9DFF613D78557719D69D324539450
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Description: PGP signature
ROHIT SONI [2020-06-13T10:12:06+05:30] wrote:
> I need full commands for 2020.2 gnu/linux rolling kali tty1
List all commands in a terminal program and Bash shell:
ls -l {/usr,}/{s,}bin/; help
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/// Teemu Likonen - .-.. http://www.iki.fi/tlikonen/
// Open
Keith Bainbridge [2020-02-01T21:42:25+11] wrote:
> echo `date +%Y%b%d` >> /home/keith/.bash_history
> I have this line as a cron-job, and constantly get error messages:
>
> /bin/bash: -c: line 0: unexpected EOF while looking for matching ``'
> /bin/bash: -c: line 1: syntax error: unexpected end
Henning Follmann [2019-12-27T16:17:04-05] wrote:
> Somehow my parents are still messing up their computer.
> So is there a way to lock down firefox user interface? I want only
> bookmarks visible and editable (add). But no accidental drags or
> clicks to change the user interface. Is that possibl
Long Wind [2019-10-18T09:12:11Z] wrote:
> how can i run blkid in buster?
Run it as the root user.
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/// OpenPGP key: 4E1055DC84E9DFF613D78557719D69D324539450
// https://keys.openpgp.org/search?q=tliko...@iki.fi
/ https://keybase.io/tlikonen https://github.com/tlikonen
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Descr
The Wanderer [2019-08-31T08:39:56-04] wrote:
> (Yes, that's technically a "senseless use of cat". I do it anyway,
> because always using pipes at every stage makes it easy to add or
> remove filtering stages without having to adjust the syntax in another
> part of the pipeline, and because it's ea
phi...@treads.nz [2019-08-13T09:30:34+12] wrote:
> I just updated from Debian 8 to 9 and I'm getting the following error.
> I'm guessing it's something to do with permissions?
>
> Something to do with the create 640 root adm?
>
> /etc/cron.daily/logrotate:
> error: unable to open /home/philip/lo
pe...@easthope.ca [2019-07-27T21:48:12-07] wrote:
> Does anyone happen to know: is 🔎 a Unicode assigned character
> or a Debian private use character?
Unicode knows, and you can search using this page:
https://www.unicode.org/charts/index.html
Character U+1F50E RIGHT-POINTING MAGNIFYING GL
David Wright [2019-07-25T23:21:06-05] wrote:
> I was under the impression that /etc/alternatives is the mechanism by
> which "rename" can be used for two different commands, prename and
> file-rename, which would otherwise collide with the name
> /usr/bin/rename.
If several packages provide diffe
Adam Weremczuk [2019-07-23T11:42:00+01] wrote:
> Is it possible to "clone" ACL permissions?
>
> I.e. recursively read ACL (getfacl?) on all files and folders and
> write (setacl?) to the same list of files and folders elsewhere?
Maybe rsync's -A/--acls option is useful here.
rsync --verbose
Charles Zeitler [2019-07-21T15:25:54-05] wrote:
> i have:
> debian@debian:~$ sudo systemctl status firewalld.service
> ● firewalld.service
>Loaded: masked (/dev/null; bad)
>Active: inactive (dead)
> how do i restore it?
The unit is "masked" which means that it can't be started. You can
un
juh [2019-07-20T19:44:47+02] wrote:
> I am very disappointed of mu in buster. In stretch I index nearly
> 300.000 emails with mu. Each time I index new mails in mu4e I had to
> wait 15 minutes until the indexing was complete. So I hoped that
> indexing with mu 1.2 would be much faster, but instead
Charles Zeitler [2019-07-20T11:29:03-05] wrote:
> how do i confirm
> sudo systemctl stop firewalld.service
> works?
You can get the status of systemd unit.
systemctl status firewalld.service
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/// OpenPGP key: 4E1055DC84E9DFF613D78557719D69D324539450
// https://keys.openpgp.org/search?q
Nate Bargmann [2019-07-09T09:18:51-05] wrote:
> pub dsa1024 2000-05-02 [SCA] [expires: 2024-07-06]
> 82D64F6B0E67CD41F689BBA6FB2C5130D55A8819
> uid [ultimate] Nate Bargmann
> uid [ultimate] Nate Bargmann
> uid [ultimate] Nate Bargmann
> sub elg4096 2018-0
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