kaivalnp commented on code in PR #14178:
URL: https://github.com/apache/lucene/pull/14178#discussion_r1982959099


##########
lucene/sandbox/src/java22/org/apache/lucene/sandbox/codecs/faiss/LibFaissC.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,457 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.lucene.sandbox.codecs.faiss;
+
+import static java.lang.foreign.ValueLayout.ADDRESS;
+import static java.lang.foreign.ValueLayout.JAVA_FLOAT;
+import static java.lang.foreign.ValueLayout.JAVA_INT;
+import static java.lang.foreign.ValueLayout.JAVA_LONG;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.lang.foreign.Arena;
+import java.lang.foreign.FunctionDescriptor;
+import java.lang.foreign.Linker;
+import java.lang.foreign.MemoryLayout;
+import java.lang.foreign.MemorySegment;
+import java.lang.foreign.SymbolLookup;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
+import java.nio.ByteOrder;
+import java.nio.FloatBuffer;
+import java.nio.LongBuffer;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import org.apache.lucene.index.FloatVectorValues;
+import org.apache.lucene.index.KnnVectorValues;
+import org.apache.lucene.index.VectorSimilarityFunction;
+import org.apache.lucene.search.KnnCollector;
+import org.apache.lucene.store.IndexInput;
+import org.apache.lucene.store.IndexOutput;
+import org.apache.lucene.util.Bits;
+import org.apache.lucene.util.FixedBitSet;
+import org.apache.lucene.util.hnsw.IntToIntFunction;
+
+public final class LibFaissC {
+  /*
+   * TODO: Requires some changes to Faiss
+   *  - https://github.com/facebookresearch/faiss/pull/4158 (merged in main, 
to be released in v1.11.0)
+   *  - https://github.com/facebookresearch/faiss/pull/4167 (merged in main, 
to be released in v1.11.0)
+   *  - https://github.com/facebookresearch/faiss/pull/4180 (in progress)
+   */
+
+  public static final String LIBRARY_NAME = "faiss_c";
+  public static final String LIBRARY_VERSION = "1.10.0";
+
+  static {
+    try {
+      System.loadLibrary(LIBRARY_NAME);
+    } catch (UnsatisfiedLinkError e) {
+      throw new RuntimeException(
+          "Shared library not found, build the Faiss C_API from 
https://github.com/facebookresearch/faiss/blob/main/c_api/INSTALL.md "
+              + "and link it (along with all dependencies) to the library path 
"
+              + "(-Djava.library.path JVM argument or $LD_LIBRARY_PATH 
environment variable)",
+          e);
+    }
+    checkLibraryVersion();
+  }
+
+  private LibFaissC() {}
+
+  @SuppressWarnings("SameParameterValue")
+  private static MemorySegment getUpcallStub(
+      Arena arena, MethodHandle target, MemoryLayout resLayout, 
MemoryLayout... argLayouts) {
+    return Linker.nativeLinker()
+        .upcallStub(target, FunctionDescriptor.of(resLayout, argLayouts), 
arena);
+  }
+
+  private static MethodHandle getDowncallHandle(
+      String functionName, MemoryLayout resLayout, MemoryLayout... argLayouts) 
{
+    return Linker.nativeLinker()
+        .downcallHandle(
+            SymbolLookup.loaderLookup().find(functionName).orElseThrow(),
+            FunctionDescriptor.of(resLayout, argLayouts));
+  }
+
+  private static void checkLibraryVersion() {
+    MethodHandle getVersion = getDowncallHandle("faiss_get_version", ADDRESS);
+    String actualVersion = callAndGetString(getVersion);
+    if (LIBRARY_VERSION.equals(actualVersion) == false) {
+      throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
+          String.format(
+              Locale.ROOT,
+              "Expected Faiss library version %s, found %s",
+              LIBRARY_VERSION,
+              actualVersion));
+    }
+  }
+
+  private static final MethodHandle FREE_INDEX =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_Index_free", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS);
+
+  public static void freeIndex(MemorySegment indexPointer) {
+    callAndHandleError(FREE_INDEX, indexPointer);
+  }
+
+  private static final MethodHandle FREE_CUSTOM_IO_WRITER =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_CustomIOWriter_free", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS);
+
+  public static void freeCustomIOWriter(MemorySegment customIOWriterPointer) {
+    callAndHandleError(FREE_CUSTOM_IO_WRITER, customIOWriterPointer);
+  }
+
+  private static final MethodHandle FREE_CUSTOM_IO_READER =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_CustomIOReader_free", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS);
+
+  public static void freeCustomIOReader(MemorySegment customIOReaderPointer) {
+    callAndHandleError(FREE_CUSTOM_IO_READER, customIOReaderPointer);
+  }
+
+  private static final MethodHandle FREE_PARAMETER_SPACE =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_ParameterSpace_free", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS);
+
+  private static void freeParameterSpace(MemorySegment parameterSpacePointer) {
+    callAndHandleError(FREE_PARAMETER_SPACE, parameterSpacePointer);
+  }
+
+  private static final MethodHandle FREE_ID_SELECTOR_BITMAP =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_IDSelectorBitmap_free", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS);
+
+  private static void freeIDSelectorBitmap(MemorySegment 
idSelectorBitmapPointer) {
+    callAndHandleError(FREE_ID_SELECTOR_BITMAP, idSelectorBitmapPointer);
+  }
+
+  private static final MethodHandle FREE_SEARCH_PARAMETERS =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_SearchParameters_free", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS);
+
+  private static void freeSearchParameters(MemorySegment 
searchParametersPointer) {
+    callAndHandleError(FREE_SEARCH_PARAMETERS, searchParametersPointer);
+  }
+
+  private static final MethodHandle INDEX_FACTORY =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_index_factory", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS, JAVA_INT, 
ADDRESS, JAVA_INT);
+
+  private static final MethodHandle PARAMETER_SPACE_NEW =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_ParameterSpace_new", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS);
+
+  private static final MethodHandle SET_INDEX_PARAMETERS =
+      getDowncallHandle(
+          "faiss_ParameterSpace_set_index_parameters", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS, 
ADDRESS, ADDRESS);
+
+  private static final MethodHandle ID_SELECTOR_BITMAP_NEW =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_IDSelectorBitmap_new", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS, 
JAVA_LONG, ADDRESS);
+
+  private static final MethodHandle SEARCH_PARAMETERS_NEW =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_SearchParameters_new", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS, 
ADDRESS);
+
+  private static final MethodHandle INDEX_IS_TRAINED =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_Index_is_trained", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS);
+
+  private static final MethodHandle INDEX_TRAIN =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_Index_train", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS, JAVA_LONG, 
ADDRESS);
+
+  private static final MethodHandle INDEX_ADD_WITH_IDS =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_Index_add_with_ids", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS, 
JAVA_LONG, ADDRESS, ADDRESS);
+
+  public static MemorySegment createIndex(
+      String description,
+      String indexParams,
+      VectorSimilarityFunction function,
+      FloatVectorValues floatVectorValues,
+      IntToIntFunction oldToNewDocId)
+      throws IOException {
+
+    try (Arena temp = Arena.ofConfined()) {
+      int size = floatVectorValues.size();
+      int dimension = floatVectorValues.dimension();
+
+      // Mapped from faiss/MetricType.h
+      int metric =
+          switch (function) {
+            case DOT_PRODUCT -> 0;
+            case EUCLIDEAN -> 1;
+            default -> throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Metric type 
not supported");
+          };
+
+      // Create an index
+      MemorySegment pointer = temp.allocate(ADDRESS);
+      callAndHandleError(INDEX_FACTORY, pointer, dimension, 
temp.allocateFrom(description), metric);
+      MemorySegment indexPointer = pointer.get(ADDRESS, 0);

Review Comment:
   Done!



##########
lucene/sandbox/src/java22/org/apache/lucene/sandbox/codecs/faiss/LibFaissC.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,457 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.lucene.sandbox.codecs.faiss;
+
+import static java.lang.foreign.ValueLayout.ADDRESS;
+import static java.lang.foreign.ValueLayout.JAVA_FLOAT;
+import static java.lang.foreign.ValueLayout.JAVA_INT;
+import static java.lang.foreign.ValueLayout.JAVA_LONG;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.lang.foreign.Arena;
+import java.lang.foreign.FunctionDescriptor;
+import java.lang.foreign.Linker;
+import java.lang.foreign.MemoryLayout;
+import java.lang.foreign.MemorySegment;
+import java.lang.foreign.SymbolLookup;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodType;
+import java.nio.ByteOrder;
+import java.nio.FloatBuffer;
+import java.nio.LongBuffer;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import org.apache.lucene.index.FloatVectorValues;
+import org.apache.lucene.index.KnnVectorValues;
+import org.apache.lucene.index.VectorSimilarityFunction;
+import org.apache.lucene.search.KnnCollector;
+import org.apache.lucene.store.IndexInput;
+import org.apache.lucene.store.IndexOutput;
+import org.apache.lucene.util.Bits;
+import org.apache.lucene.util.FixedBitSet;
+import org.apache.lucene.util.hnsw.IntToIntFunction;
+
+public final class LibFaissC {
+  /*
+   * TODO: Requires some changes to Faiss
+   *  - https://github.com/facebookresearch/faiss/pull/4158 (merged in main, 
to be released in v1.11.0)
+   *  - https://github.com/facebookresearch/faiss/pull/4167 (merged in main, 
to be released in v1.11.0)
+   *  - https://github.com/facebookresearch/faiss/pull/4180 (in progress)
+   */
+
+  public static final String LIBRARY_NAME = "faiss_c";
+  public static final String LIBRARY_VERSION = "1.10.0";
+
+  static {
+    try {
+      System.loadLibrary(LIBRARY_NAME);
+    } catch (UnsatisfiedLinkError e) {
+      throw new RuntimeException(
+          "Shared library not found, build the Faiss C_API from 
https://github.com/facebookresearch/faiss/blob/main/c_api/INSTALL.md "
+              + "and link it (along with all dependencies) to the library path 
"
+              + "(-Djava.library.path JVM argument or $LD_LIBRARY_PATH 
environment variable)",
+          e);
+    }
+    checkLibraryVersion();
+  }
+
+  private LibFaissC() {}
+
+  @SuppressWarnings("SameParameterValue")
+  private static MemorySegment getUpcallStub(
+      Arena arena, MethodHandle target, MemoryLayout resLayout, 
MemoryLayout... argLayouts) {
+    return Linker.nativeLinker()
+        .upcallStub(target, FunctionDescriptor.of(resLayout, argLayouts), 
arena);
+  }
+
+  private static MethodHandle getDowncallHandle(
+      String functionName, MemoryLayout resLayout, MemoryLayout... argLayouts) 
{
+    return Linker.nativeLinker()
+        .downcallHandle(
+            SymbolLookup.loaderLookup().find(functionName).orElseThrow(),
+            FunctionDescriptor.of(resLayout, argLayouts));
+  }
+
+  private static void checkLibraryVersion() {
+    MethodHandle getVersion = getDowncallHandle("faiss_get_version", ADDRESS);
+    String actualVersion = callAndGetString(getVersion);
+    if (LIBRARY_VERSION.equals(actualVersion) == false) {
+      throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
+          String.format(
+              Locale.ROOT,
+              "Expected Faiss library version %s, found %s",
+              LIBRARY_VERSION,
+              actualVersion));
+    }
+  }
+
+  private static final MethodHandle FREE_INDEX =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_Index_free", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS);
+
+  public static void freeIndex(MemorySegment indexPointer) {
+    callAndHandleError(FREE_INDEX, indexPointer);
+  }
+
+  private static final MethodHandle FREE_CUSTOM_IO_WRITER =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_CustomIOWriter_free", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS);
+
+  public static void freeCustomIOWriter(MemorySegment customIOWriterPointer) {
+    callAndHandleError(FREE_CUSTOM_IO_WRITER, customIOWriterPointer);
+  }
+
+  private static final MethodHandle FREE_CUSTOM_IO_READER =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_CustomIOReader_free", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS);
+
+  public static void freeCustomIOReader(MemorySegment customIOReaderPointer) {
+    callAndHandleError(FREE_CUSTOM_IO_READER, customIOReaderPointer);
+  }
+
+  private static final MethodHandle FREE_PARAMETER_SPACE =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_ParameterSpace_free", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS);
+
+  private static void freeParameterSpace(MemorySegment parameterSpacePointer) {
+    callAndHandleError(FREE_PARAMETER_SPACE, parameterSpacePointer);
+  }
+
+  private static final MethodHandle FREE_ID_SELECTOR_BITMAP =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_IDSelectorBitmap_free", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS);
+
+  private static void freeIDSelectorBitmap(MemorySegment 
idSelectorBitmapPointer) {
+    callAndHandleError(FREE_ID_SELECTOR_BITMAP, idSelectorBitmapPointer);
+  }
+
+  private static final MethodHandle FREE_SEARCH_PARAMETERS =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_SearchParameters_free", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS);
+
+  private static void freeSearchParameters(MemorySegment 
searchParametersPointer) {
+    callAndHandleError(FREE_SEARCH_PARAMETERS, searchParametersPointer);
+  }
+
+  private static final MethodHandle INDEX_FACTORY =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_index_factory", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS, JAVA_INT, 
ADDRESS, JAVA_INT);
+
+  private static final MethodHandle PARAMETER_SPACE_NEW =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_ParameterSpace_new", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS);
+
+  private static final MethodHandle SET_INDEX_PARAMETERS =
+      getDowncallHandle(
+          "faiss_ParameterSpace_set_index_parameters", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS, 
ADDRESS, ADDRESS);
+
+  private static final MethodHandle ID_SELECTOR_BITMAP_NEW =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_IDSelectorBitmap_new", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS, 
JAVA_LONG, ADDRESS);
+
+  private static final MethodHandle SEARCH_PARAMETERS_NEW =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_SearchParameters_new", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS, 
ADDRESS);
+
+  private static final MethodHandle INDEX_IS_TRAINED =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_Index_is_trained", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS);
+
+  private static final MethodHandle INDEX_TRAIN =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_Index_train", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS, JAVA_LONG, 
ADDRESS);
+
+  private static final MethodHandle INDEX_ADD_WITH_IDS =
+      getDowncallHandle("faiss_Index_add_with_ids", JAVA_INT, ADDRESS, 
JAVA_LONG, ADDRESS, ADDRESS);
+
+  public static MemorySegment createIndex(
+      String description,
+      String indexParams,
+      VectorSimilarityFunction function,
+      FloatVectorValues floatVectorValues,
+      IntToIntFunction oldToNewDocId)
+      throws IOException {
+
+    try (Arena temp = Arena.ofConfined()) {
+      int size = floatVectorValues.size();
+      int dimension = floatVectorValues.dimension();
+
+      // Mapped from faiss/MetricType.h
+      int metric =
+          switch (function) {
+            case DOT_PRODUCT -> 0;

Review Comment:
   In the current version of the PR, we're already scaling scores -- did you 
mean something more?
   
   However, I didn't find existing Lucene functions for this scaling, and I 
didn't want to make invasive changes in `VectorSimilarityFunction` (because 
byte and float vectors may be [scaled 
differently](https://github.com/apache/lucene/blob/237e762565af4dc3e6550c2fc97d51d6ef77a569/lucene/core/src/java/org/apache/lucene/index/VectorSimilarityFunction.java#L71-L79),
 some scaling functions [require access to length of 
vectors](https://github.com/apache/lucene/blob/237e762565af4dc3e6550c2fc97d51d6ef77a569/lucene/core/src/java/org/apache/lucene/util/VectorUtil.java#L296),
 and ideally we'd want to refactor it similar to 
[`scaleMaxInnerProductScore`](https://github.com/apache/lucene/blob/237e762565af4dc3e6550c2fc97d51d6ef77a569/lucene/core/src/java/org/apache/lucene/index/VectorSimilarityFunction.java#L88-L96))
   
   Please let me know if I'm missing something, or if you have a suggestion in 
mind..



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