shubhamvishu commented on code in PR #13260:
URL: https://github.com/apache/lucene/pull/13260#discussion_r1550266166


##########
lucene/test-framework/src/java/org/apache/lucene/tests/util/hnsw/HnswTestUtil.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.lucene.tests.util.hnsw;
+
+import static org.apache.lucene.search.DocIdSetIterator.NO_MORE_DOCS;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.ArrayDeque;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Deque;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.lucene.codecs.HnswGraphProvider;
+import org.apache.lucene.codecs.perfield.PerFieldKnnVectorsFormat;
+import org.apache.lucene.index.CodecReader;
+import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexReader;
+import org.apache.lucene.index.LeafReaderContext;
+import org.apache.lucene.util.FixedBitSet;
+import org.apache.lucene.util.hnsw.HnswGraph;
+
+/** Utilities for use in tests involving HNSW graphs */
+public class HnswTestUtil {
+
+  /**
+   * Returns true iff level 0 of the graph is fully connected - that is every 
node is reachable from
+   * any entry point.
+   */
+  public static boolean isFullyConnected(HnswGraph knnValues) throws 
IOException {
+    return componentSizes(knnValues).size() < 2;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the sizes of the distinct graph components on level 0. If the 
graph is fully-connected
+   * there will only be a single component. If the graph is empty, the 
returned list will be empty.
+   */
+  public static List<Integer> componentSizes(HnswGraph hnsw) throws 
IOException {
+    List<Integer> sizes = new ArrayList<>();
+    FixedBitSet connectedNodes = new FixedBitSet(hnsw.size());
+    assert hnsw.size() == hnsw.getNodesOnLevel(0).size();
+    System.out.println("size=" + hnsw.size());
+    int total = 0;
+    while (total < connectedNodes.length()) {
+      int componentSize = traverseConnectedNodes(hnsw, connectedNodes);
+      assert componentSize > 0;
+      sizes.add(componentSize);
+      total += componentSize;
+    }
+    return sizes;
+  }
+
+  // count the nodes in a connected component of the graph and set the bits of 
its nodes in
+  // connectedNodes bitset
+  private static int traverseConnectedNodes(HnswGraph hnswGraph, FixedBitSet 
connectedNodes)
+      throws IOException {
+    // Start at entry point and search all nodes on this level
+    int entryPoint = nextClearBit(connectedNodes, 0);
+    if (entryPoint == NO_MORE_DOCS) {
+      return 0;
+    }
+    Deque<Integer> stack = new ArrayDeque<>();
+    stack.push(entryPoint);
+    int count = 0;
+    while (!stack.isEmpty()) {
+      int node = stack.pop();
+      if (connectedNodes.get(node)) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      count++;
+      connectedNodes.set(node);
+      hnswGraph.seek(0, node);
+      int friendOrd;
+      while ((friendOrd = hnswGraph.nextNeighbor()) != NO_MORE_DOCS) {
+        stack.push(friendOrd);
+      }
+    }
+    return count;
+  }
+
+  private static int nextClearBit(FixedBitSet bits, int index) {
+    // Depends on the ghost bits being clear!
+    long[] barray = bits.getBits();
+    assert index >= 0 && index < bits.length() : "index=" + index + ", 
numBits=" + bits.length();
+    int i = index >> 6;
+    long word = ~(barray[i] >> index); // skip all the bits to the right of 
index
+
+    if (word != 0) {
+      return index + Long.numberOfTrailingZeros(word);
+    }
+
+    while (++i < barray.length) {
+      word = ~barray[i];
+      if (word != 0) {
+        int next = (i << 6) + Long.numberOfTrailingZeros(word);
+        if (next >= bits.length()) {
+          return NO_MORE_DOCS;
+        } else {
+          return next;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    return NO_MORE_DOCS;
+  }

Review Comment:
   This function seems to be motivated from `FixedBitSet#nextSetBit` and would 
be more suitable for `FixedBitSet` class?....I wonder why it does not have it 
already.



##########
lucene/test-framework/src/java/org/apache/lucene/tests/util/hnsw/HnswTestUtil.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.lucene.tests.util.hnsw;
+
+import static org.apache.lucene.search.DocIdSetIterator.NO_MORE_DOCS;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.ArrayDeque;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Deque;
+import java.util.List;
+import org.apache.lucene.codecs.HnswGraphProvider;
+import org.apache.lucene.codecs.perfield.PerFieldKnnVectorsFormat;
+import org.apache.lucene.index.CodecReader;
+import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexReader;
+import org.apache.lucene.index.LeafReaderContext;
+import org.apache.lucene.util.FixedBitSet;
+import org.apache.lucene.util.hnsw.HnswGraph;
+
+/** Utilities for use in tests involving HNSW graphs */
+public class HnswTestUtil {
+
+  /**
+   * Returns true iff level 0 of the graph is fully connected - that is every 
node is reachable from
+   * any entry point.
+   */
+  public static boolean isFullyConnected(HnswGraph knnValues) throws 
IOException {
+    return componentSizes(knnValues).size() < 2;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the sizes of the distinct graph components on level 0. If the 
graph is fully-connected
+   * there will only be a single component. If the graph is empty, the 
returned list will be empty.
+   */
+  public static List<Integer> componentSizes(HnswGraph hnsw) throws 
IOException {

Review Comment:
   It seems like the purpose of this function is to be a utility for future use 
cases(if any) because if we only need to know the graph is fully connected we 
could just pick a node and traverse only once to check if its size is equal to 
graph size i.e. early terminate instead of going through all components. 
Alternatively, I think we should keep `componentSizes` as-is but implement 
`isFullyConnected` like below?
   
   ```java
   public static boolean isFullyConnected(HnswGraph hnsw) throws IOException {
       FixedBitSet connectedNodes = new FixedBitSet(hnsw.size());
       assert hnsw.size() == hnsw.getNodesOnLevel(0).size();
       System.out.println("size=" + hnsw.size());
       return connectedNodes.length() == traverseConnectedNodes(hnsw, 
connectedNodes);
     }
     ```
   
   
   
   



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