jiayuasu commented on code in PR #10981:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg/pull/10981#discussion_r1960747123


##########
format/spec.md:
##########
@@ -228,6 +230,30 @@ Notes:
 
 For details on how to serialize a schema to JSON, see Appendix C.
 
+[1001]: <https://portal.ogc.org/files/?artifact_id=25355> "OGC Simple feature 
access"
+
+##### CRS
+
+For `geometry` and `geography` types, the parameter C refers to the CRS 
(coordinate reference system), a mapping of how coordinates refer to locations 
on Earth.
+
+The default CRS value `OGC:CRS84` means that the objects must be stored in 
longitude, latitude based on the WGS84 datum.
+
+Custom CRS values can be specified by a string of the format 
`type:identifier`, where `type` is one of the following values:
+
+* `srid`: [Spatial reference 
identifier](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_reference_system#Identifier), 
`identifier` is the SRID itself.

Review Comment:
   @stefankandic In Iceberg Geo spec (as well as Parquet Geo spec), we 
explicitly enforce the x/y axis order to be `lon/lat` order and discard the 
axis order specified in the CRS. This is a common practice in the industry 
including Apache Sedona, GeoPandas, GeoArrow, ... This is to make sure that the 
tools can always have some basic operations on the the x/y values without 
looking into the CRS. Parsing CRS is a challenging task.
   
   With that in mind, OGC:CRS84 fits better as a default value.



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