Jefffrey commented on code in PR #20928: URL: https://github.com/apache/datafusion/pull/20928#discussion_r3091518077
########## datafusion/spark/src/function/string/concat_ws.rs: ########## @@ -0,0 +1,540 @@ +// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one +// or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file +// distributed with this work for additional information +// regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file +// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the +// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance +// with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at +// +// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 +// +// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, +// software distributed under the License is distributed on an +// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY +// KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the +// specific language governing permissions and limitations +// under the License. + +//! Spark-compatible `concat_ws` function. +//! +//! Differences with DataFusion core `concat_ws`: +//! - Accepts array arguments and expands their elements +//! - Allows zero value arguments: `concat_ws(',')` → `""` +//! - Null array elements are skipped (same as null scalars) + +use std::sync::Arc; + +use arrow::array::{ + Array, ArrayRef, AsArray, BinaryArray, GenericListArray, LargeBinaryArray, + OffsetSizeTrait, StringBuilder, +}; +use arrow::datatypes::DataType; +use datafusion_common::cast::as_generic_string_array; +use datafusion_common::{Result, ScalarValue, exec_err}; +use datafusion_expr::{ + ColumnarValue, ScalarFunctionArgs, ScalarUDFImpl, Signature, Volatility, +}; + +/// Spark-compatible `concat_ws` expression. +/// +/// In Spark, `concat_ws(sep, a, b, ...)` joins strings with separator. +/// If any argument is an array, its elements are joined with the separator. +/// Null values (both scalar and array elements) are skipped. +/// Null separator produces null result. +#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)] +pub struct SparkConcatWs { + signature: Signature, +} + +impl Default for SparkConcatWs { + fn default() -> Self { + Self::new() + } +} + +impl SparkConcatWs { + pub fn new() -> Self { + Self { + signature: Signature::variadic_any(Volatility::Immutable), + } + } +} + +impl ScalarUDFImpl for SparkConcatWs { + fn name(&self) -> &str { + "concat_ws" + } + + fn signature(&self) -> &Signature { + &self.signature + } + + fn return_type(&self, _arg_types: &[DataType]) -> Result<DataType> { + // Spark's concat_ws always returns STRING (Utf8) + Ok(DataType::Utf8) + } + + fn invoke_with_args(&self, args: ScalarFunctionArgs) -> Result<ColumnarValue> { + // Zero value args: concat_ws(',') → "" + if args.args.len() <= 1 { + if args.args.is_empty() { + return Ok(ColumnarValue::Scalar(ScalarValue::Utf8( + Some(String::new()), + ))); + } + // Only separator — return "" or NULL depending on separator + return match &args.args[0] { + ColumnarValue::Scalar(s) if s.is_null() => { + Ok(ColumnarValue::Scalar(ScalarValue::Utf8(None))) + } + ColumnarValue::Scalar(_) => Ok(ColumnarValue::Scalar(ScalarValue::Utf8( + Some(String::new()), + ))), + ColumnarValue::Array(arr) => { + // Separator is a column: return "" for non-null, NULL for null + let mut builder = StringBuilder::with_capacity(arr.len(), 0); + for row_idx in 0..arr.len() { + if arr.is_null(row_idx) { + builder.append_null(); + } else { + builder.append_value(""); + } + } + Ok(ColumnarValue::Array(Arc::new(builder.finish()) as ArrayRef)) + } + }; + } + + // Use our implementation for all cases to guarantee consistent Utf8 return type. + // Core's concat_ws may return Utf8View which conflicts with our return_type. + spark_concat_ws_with_arrays(&args.args, args.number_rows) + } + + fn coerce_types(&self, arg_types: &[DataType]) -> Result<Vec<DataType>> { + if arg_types.is_empty() { + return Ok(vec![]); + } + + let mut coerced = Vec::with_capacity(arg_types.len()); + // First arg is separator — must be string + coerced.push(DataType::Utf8); + + for dt in &arg_types[1..] { + match dt { + DataType::Utf8 + | DataType::LargeUtf8 + | DataType::Utf8View + | DataType::Binary + | DataType::LargeBinary => { + coerced.push(dt.clone()); + } + DataType::List(_) | DataType::LargeList(_) => { + // Keep list types as-is; elements will be extracted at runtime + coerced.push(dt.clone()); + } + DataType::Null => { + coerced.push(DataType::Utf8); + } + _ => { + // Cast other types to string + coerced.push(DataType::Utf8); + } + } + } + + Ok(coerced) + } +} + +/// Implementation of concat_ws that supports array arguments. +fn spark_concat_ws_with_arrays( + args: &[ColumnarValue], + num_rows: usize, +) -> Result<ColumnarValue> { + // Convert all to arrays for uniform processing + let arrays: Vec<ArrayRef> = args + .iter() + .map(|arg| arg.to_array(num_rows)) + .collect::<Result<Vec<_>>>()?; + + // If separator is Null type, all results are null + if *arrays[0].data_type() == DataType::Null { + let mut builder = StringBuilder::with_capacity(num_rows, 0); + for _ in 0..num_rows { + builder.append_null(); + } + return Ok(ColumnarValue::Array(Arc::new(builder.finish()) as ArrayRef)); + } + + let mut builder = StringBuilder::new(); + + for row_idx in 0..num_rows { + // Null separator → null result + if arrays[0].is_null(row_idx) { + builder.append_null(); + continue; + } + + let separator = get_string_value(&arrays[0], row_idx)?; + let mut parts: Vec<String> = Vec::new(); + + // Process remaining arguments + for arr in &arrays[1..] { + collect_parts(arr, row_idx, &mut parts)?; + } + + builder.append_value(parts.join(&separator)); + } + + Ok(ColumnarValue::Array(Arc::new(builder.finish()) as ArrayRef)) +} + +/// Get a string value from an array at a given row index, supporting Utf8/LargeUtf8/Utf8View. +fn get_string_value(arr: &ArrayRef, row_idx: usize) -> Result<String> { Review Comment: Doesn't seem ideal to have to do this cast to array when extracting each value; should look into restructuring this cast to pull it higher up. e.g. could look into [StringArrayType](https://docs.rs/arrow/latest/arrow/array/trait.StringArrayType.html) ########## datafusion/spark/src/function/string/concat_ws.rs: ########## @@ -0,0 +1,540 @@ +// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one +// or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file +// distributed with this work for additional information +// regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file +// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the +// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance +// with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at +// +// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 +// +// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, +// software distributed under the License is distributed on an +// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY +// KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the +// specific language governing permissions and limitations +// under the License. + +//! Spark-compatible `concat_ws` function. +//! +//! Differences with DataFusion core `concat_ws`: +//! - Accepts array arguments and expands their elements +//! - Allows zero value arguments: `concat_ws(',')` → `""` +//! - Null array elements are skipped (same as null scalars) + +use std::sync::Arc; + +use arrow::array::{ + Array, ArrayRef, AsArray, BinaryArray, GenericListArray, LargeBinaryArray, + OffsetSizeTrait, StringBuilder, +}; +use arrow::datatypes::DataType; +use datafusion_common::cast::as_generic_string_array; +use datafusion_common::{Result, ScalarValue, exec_err}; +use datafusion_expr::{ + ColumnarValue, ScalarFunctionArgs, ScalarUDFImpl, Signature, Volatility, +}; + +/// Spark-compatible `concat_ws` expression. +/// +/// In Spark, `concat_ws(sep, a, b, ...)` joins strings with separator. +/// If any argument is an array, its elements are joined with the separator. +/// Null values (both scalar and array elements) are skipped. +/// Null separator produces null result. +#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)] +pub struct SparkConcatWs { + signature: Signature, +} + +impl Default for SparkConcatWs { + fn default() -> Self { + Self::new() + } +} + +impl SparkConcatWs { + pub fn new() -> Self { + Self { + signature: Signature::variadic_any(Volatility::Immutable), + } + } +} + +impl ScalarUDFImpl for SparkConcatWs { + fn name(&self) -> &str { + "concat_ws" + } + + fn signature(&self) -> &Signature { + &self.signature + } + + fn return_type(&self, _arg_types: &[DataType]) -> Result<DataType> { + // Spark's concat_ws always returns STRING (Utf8) + Ok(DataType::Utf8) + } + + fn invoke_with_args(&self, args: ScalarFunctionArgs) -> Result<ColumnarValue> { + // Zero value args: concat_ws(',') → "" + if args.args.len() <= 1 { + if args.args.is_empty() { + return Ok(ColumnarValue::Scalar(ScalarValue::Utf8( + Some(String::new()), + ))); + } Review Comment: I believe Spark throws and error on 0 arguments ########## datafusion/spark/src/function/string/concat_ws.rs: ########## @@ -0,0 +1,540 @@ +// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one +// or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file +// distributed with this work for additional information +// regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file +// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the +// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance +// with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at +// +// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 +// +// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, +// software distributed under the License is distributed on an +// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY +// KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the +// specific language governing permissions and limitations +// under the License. + +//! Spark-compatible `concat_ws` function. +//! +//! Differences with DataFusion core `concat_ws`: +//! - Accepts array arguments and expands their elements +//! - Allows zero value arguments: `concat_ws(',')` → `""` +//! - Null array elements are skipped (same as null scalars) + +use std::sync::Arc; + +use arrow::array::{ + Array, ArrayRef, AsArray, BinaryArray, GenericListArray, LargeBinaryArray, + OffsetSizeTrait, StringBuilder, +}; +use arrow::datatypes::DataType; +use datafusion_common::cast::as_generic_string_array; +use datafusion_common::{Result, ScalarValue, exec_err}; +use datafusion_expr::{ + ColumnarValue, ScalarFunctionArgs, ScalarUDFImpl, Signature, Volatility, +}; + +/// Spark-compatible `concat_ws` expression. +/// +/// In Spark, `concat_ws(sep, a, b, ...)` joins strings with separator. +/// If any argument is an array, its elements are joined with the separator. +/// Null values (both scalar and array elements) are skipped. +/// Null separator produces null result. +#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)] +pub struct SparkConcatWs { + signature: Signature, +} + +impl Default for SparkConcatWs { + fn default() -> Self { + Self::new() + } +} + +impl SparkConcatWs { + pub fn new() -> Self { + Self { + signature: Signature::variadic_any(Volatility::Immutable), + } + } +} + +impl ScalarUDFImpl for SparkConcatWs { + fn name(&self) -> &str { + "concat_ws" + } + + fn signature(&self) -> &Signature { + &self.signature + } + + fn return_type(&self, _arg_types: &[DataType]) -> Result<DataType> { + // Spark's concat_ws always returns STRING (Utf8) + Ok(DataType::Utf8) + } + + fn invoke_with_args(&self, args: ScalarFunctionArgs) -> Result<ColumnarValue> { + // Zero value args: concat_ws(',') → "" + if args.args.len() <= 1 { + if args.args.is_empty() { + return Ok(ColumnarValue::Scalar(ScalarValue::Utf8( + Some(String::new()), + ))); + } + // Only separator — return "" or NULL depending on separator + return match &args.args[0] { + ColumnarValue::Scalar(s) if s.is_null() => { + Ok(ColumnarValue::Scalar(ScalarValue::Utf8(None))) + } + ColumnarValue::Scalar(_) => Ok(ColumnarValue::Scalar(ScalarValue::Utf8( + Some(String::new()), + ))), + ColumnarValue::Array(arr) => { + // Separator is a column: return "" for non-null, NULL for null + let mut builder = StringBuilder::with_capacity(arr.len(), 0); + for row_idx in 0..arr.len() { + if arr.is_null(row_idx) { + builder.append_null(); + } else { + builder.append_value(""); + } + } + Ok(ColumnarValue::Array(Arc::new(builder.finish()) as ArrayRef)) + } + }; + } + + // Use our implementation for all cases to guarantee consistent Utf8 return type. + // Core's concat_ws may return Utf8View which conflicts with our return_type. + spark_concat_ws_with_arrays(&args.args, args.number_rows) + } + + fn coerce_types(&self, arg_types: &[DataType]) -> Result<Vec<DataType>> { + if arg_types.is_empty() { + return Ok(vec![]); + } + + let mut coerced = Vec::with_capacity(arg_types.len()); + // First arg is separator — must be string + coerced.push(DataType::Utf8); + + for dt in &arg_types[1..] { + match dt { + DataType::Utf8 + | DataType::LargeUtf8 + | DataType::Utf8View + | DataType::Binary + | DataType::LargeBinary => { + coerced.push(dt.clone()); + } + DataType::List(_) | DataType::LargeList(_) => { + // Keep list types as-is; elements will be extracted at runtime + coerced.push(dt.clone()); + } + DataType::Null => { + coerced.push(DataType::Utf8); + } + _ => { + // Cast other types to string + coerced.push(DataType::Utf8); + } + } + } + + Ok(coerced) + } +} + +/// Implementation of concat_ws that supports array arguments. +fn spark_concat_ws_with_arrays( + args: &[ColumnarValue], + num_rows: usize, +) -> Result<ColumnarValue> { + // Convert all to arrays for uniform processing + let arrays: Vec<ArrayRef> = args + .iter() + .map(|arg| arg.to_array(num_rows)) + .collect::<Result<Vec<_>>>()?; + + // If separator is Null type, all results are null + if *arrays[0].data_type() == DataType::Null { + let mut builder = StringBuilder::with_capacity(num_rows, 0); + for _ in 0..num_rows { + builder.append_null(); + } + return Ok(ColumnarValue::Array(Arc::new(builder.finish()) as ArrayRef)); + } + + let mut builder = StringBuilder::new(); + + for row_idx in 0..num_rows { + // Null separator → null result + if arrays[0].is_null(row_idx) { + builder.append_null(); + continue; + } + + let separator = get_string_value(&arrays[0], row_idx)?; + let mut parts: Vec<String> = Vec::new(); + + // Process remaining arguments + for arr in &arrays[1..] { + collect_parts(arr, row_idx, &mut parts)?; + } + + builder.append_value(parts.join(&separator)); + } + + Ok(ColumnarValue::Array(Arc::new(builder.finish()) as ArrayRef)) +} + +/// Get a string value from an array at a given row index, supporting Utf8/LargeUtf8/Utf8View. +fn get_string_value(arr: &ArrayRef, row_idx: usize) -> Result<String> { + match arr.data_type() { + DataType::Utf8 => { + let str_arr = as_generic_string_array::<i32>(arr)?; + Ok(str_arr.value(row_idx).to_string()) + } + DataType::LargeUtf8 => { + let str_arr = as_generic_string_array::<i64>(arr)?; + Ok(str_arr.value(row_idx).to_string()) + } + DataType::Utf8View => { + let str_arr = arr.as_string_view(); + Ok(str_arr.value(row_idx).to_string()) + } + other => exec_err!("concat_ws separator must be a string, got {other:?}"), + } +} + +/// Collect string parts from an array at a given row index. +/// For scalar string: adds the value if non-null. +/// For list arrays: expands elements, skipping nulls. +fn collect_parts(arr: &ArrayRef, row_idx: usize, parts: &mut Vec<String>) -> Result<()> { + if arr.is_null(row_idx) { + return Ok(()); + } + + match arr.data_type() { + DataType::Null => {} + DataType::Utf8 => { + let str_arr = as_generic_string_array::<i32>(arr)?; + parts.push(str_arr.value(row_idx).to_string()); + } + DataType::LargeUtf8 => { + let str_arr = as_generic_string_array::<i64>(arr)?; + parts.push(str_arr.value(row_idx).to_string()); + } + DataType::Utf8View => { + let str_arr = arr.as_string_view(); + parts.push(str_arr.value(row_idx).to_string()); + } + DataType::Binary => { + let bin_arr = + arr.as_any().downcast_ref::<BinaryArray>().ok_or_else(|| { + datafusion_common::DataFusionError::Execution( + "failed to downcast to BinaryArray".to_string(), + ) + })?; + parts.push(binary_to_utf8(bin_arr.value(row_idx))?); + } + DataType::LargeBinary => { + let bin_arr = + arr.as_any() + .downcast_ref::<LargeBinaryArray>() + .ok_or_else(|| { + datafusion_common::DataFusionError::Execution( + "failed to downcast to LargeBinaryArray".to_string(), + ) + })?; + parts.push(binary_to_utf8(bin_arr.value(row_idx))?); + } + DataType::List(_) => { + collect_parts_from_list::<i32>(arr.as_list::<i32>(), row_idx, parts)?; + } + DataType::LargeList(_) => { + collect_parts_from_list::<i64>(arr.as_list::<i64>(), row_idx, parts)?; + } + other => { + return exec_err!("concat_ws does not support data type {other:?}"); + } + } + Ok(()) +} + +/// Convert binary bytes to UTF-8 string, matching core `concat`/`concat_ws` behavior. +fn binary_to_utf8(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<String> { + std::str::from_utf8(bytes) + .map(|s| s.to_string()) + .map_err(|_| { + datafusion_common::DataFusionError::Execution( + "invalid UTF-8 in binary literal".to_string(), + ) + }) +} + +/// Collect string parts from a list array at a given row index. +fn collect_parts_from_list<O: OffsetSizeTrait>( + arr: &GenericListArray<O>, + row_idx: usize, + parts: &mut Vec<String>, +) -> Result<()> { + if arr.is_null(row_idx) { + return Ok(()); + } + + let values = arr.value(row_idx); + collect_string_elements(&values, parts) +} + +/// Extract non-null string elements from an array. +fn collect_string_elements(values: &ArrayRef, parts: &mut Vec<String>) -> Result<()> { + match values.data_type() { + DataType::Null => {} + DataType::Utf8 => { + let str_arr = as_generic_string_array::<i32>(values)?; + for i in 0..str_arr.len() { + if !str_arr.is_null(i) { + parts.push(str_arr.value(i).to_string()); + } + } + } + DataType::LargeUtf8 => { + let str_arr = as_generic_string_array::<i64>(values)?; + for i in 0..str_arr.len() { + if !str_arr.is_null(i) { + parts.push(str_arr.value(i).to_string()); + } + } + } + DataType::Utf8View => { + let str_arr = values.as_string_view(); + for i in 0..str_arr.len() { + if !str_arr.is_null(i) { + parts.push(str_arr.value(i).to_string()); + } + } + } + other => { + return exec_err!("concat_ws array elements must be strings, got {other:?}"); + } + } + Ok(()) +} + +#[cfg(test)] +mod tests { Review Comment: How many of these tests can instead be SLTs? ########## datafusion/spark/src/function/string/concat_ws.rs: ########## @@ -0,0 +1,540 @@ +// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one +// or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file +// distributed with this work for additional information +// regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file +// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the +// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance +// with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at +// +// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 +// +// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, +// software distributed under the License is distributed on an +// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY +// KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the +// specific language governing permissions and limitations +// under the License. + +//! Spark-compatible `concat_ws` function. +//! +//! Differences with DataFusion core `concat_ws`: +//! - Accepts array arguments and expands their elements +//! - Allows zero value arguments: `concat_ws(',')` → `""` +//! - Null array elements are skipped (same as null scalars) + +use std::sync::Arc; + +use arrow::array::{ + Array, ArrayRef, AsArray, BinaryArray, GenericListArray, LargeBinaryArray, + OffsetSizeTrait, StringBuilder, +}; +use arrow::datatypes::DataType; +use datafusion_common::cast::as_generic_string_array; +use datafusion_common::{Result, ScalarValue, exec_err}; +use datafusion_expr::{ + ColumnarValue, ScalarFunctionArgs, ScalarUDFImpl, Signature, Volatility, +}; + +/// Spark-compatible `concat_ws` expression. +/// +/// In Spark, `concat_ws(sep, a, b, ...)` joins strings with separator. +/// If any argument is an array, its elements are joined with the separator. +/// Null values (both scalar and array elements) are skipped. +/// Null separator produces null result. +#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)] +pub struct SparkConcatWs { + signature: Signature, +} + +impl Default for SparkConcatWs { + fn default() -> Self { + Self::new() + } +} + +impl SparkConcatWs { + pub fn new() -> Self { + Self { + signature: Signature::variadic_any(Volatility::Immutable), + } + } +} + +impl ScalarUDFImpl for SparkConcatWs { + fn name(&self) -> &str { + "concat_ws" + } + + fn signature(&self) -> &Signature { + &self.signature + } + + fn return_type(&self, _arg_types: &[DataType]) -> Result<DataType> { + // Spark's concat_ws always returns STRING (Utf8) + Ok(DataType::Utf8) + } + + fn invoke_with_args(&self, args: ScalarFunctionArgs) -> Result<ColumnarValue> { + // Zero value args: concat_ws(',') → "" + if args.args.len() <= 1 { + if args.args.is_empty() { + return Ok(ColumnarValue::Scalar(ScalarValue::Utf8( + Some(String::new()), + ))); + } + // Only separator — return "" or NULL depending on separator + return match &args.args[0] { + ColumnarValue::Scalar(s) if s.is_null() => { + Ok(ColumnarValue::Scalar(ScalarValue::Utf8(None))) + } + ColumnarValue::Scalar(_) => Ok(ColumnarValue::Scalar(ScalarValue::Utf8( + Some(String::new()), + ))), + ColumnarValue::Array(arr) => { + // Separator is a column: return "" for non-null, NULL for null + let mut builder = StringBuilder::with_capacity(arr.len(), 0); + for row_idx in 0..arr.len() { + if arr.is_null(row_idx) { + builder.append_null(); + } else { + builder.append_value(""); + } + } + Ok(ColumnarValue::Array(Arc::new(builder.finish()) as ArrayRef)) + } + }; + } + + // Use our implementation for all cases to guarantee consistent Utf8 return type. + // Core's concat_ws may return Utf8View which conflicts with our return_type. + spark_concat_ws_with_arrays(&args.args, args.number_rows) + } + + fn coerce_types(&self, arg_types: &[DataType]) -> Result<Vec<DataType>> { + if arg_types.is_empty() { + return Ok(vec![]); + } + + let mut coerced = Vec::with_capacity(arg_types.len()); + // First arg is separator — must be string + coerced.push(DataType::Utf8); + + for dt in &arg_types[1..] { + match dt { + DataType::Utf8 + | DataType::LargeUtf8 + | DataType::Utf8View + | DataType::Binary + | DataType::LargeBinary => { + coerced.push(dt.clone()); + } + DataType::List(_) | DataType::LargeList(_) => { + // Keep list types as-is; elements will be extracted at runtime + coerced.push(dt.clone()); + } + DataType::Null => { + coerced.push(DataType::Utf8); + } + _ => { + // Cast other types to string + coerced.push(DataType::Utf8); + } + } + } + + Ok(coerced) + } +} + +/// Implementation of concat_ws that supports array arguments. +fn spark_concat_ws_with_arrays( + args: &[ColumnarValue], + num_rows: usize, +) -> Result<ColumnarValue> { + // Convert all to arrays for uniform processing + let arrays: Vec<ArrayRef> = args + .iter() + .map(|arg| arg.to_array(num_rows)) + .collect::<Result<Vec<_>>>()?; + + // If separator is Null type, all results are null + if *arrays[0].data_type() == DataType::Null { + let mut builder = StringBuilder::with_capacity(num_rows, 0); + for _ in 0..num_rows { + builder.append_null(); + } + return Ok(ColumnarValue::Array(Arc::new(builder.finish()) as ArrayRef)); + } + + let mut builder = StringBuilder::new(); + + for row_idx in 0..num_rows { + // Null separator → null result + if arrays[0].is_null(row_idx) { + builder.append_null(); + continue; + } + + let separator = get_string_value(&arrays[0], row_idx)?; + let mut parts: Vec<String> = Vec::new(); + + // Process remaining arguments + for arr in &arrays[1..] { + collect_parts(arr, row_idx, &mut parts)?; + } + + builder.append_value(parts.join(&separator)); + } + + Ok(ColumnarValue::Array(Arc::new(builder.finish()) as ArrayRef)) +} + +/// Get a string value from an array at a given row index, supporting Utf8/LargeUtf8/Utf8View. +fn get_string_value(arr: &ArrayRef, row_idx: usize) -> Result<String> { + match arr.data_type() { + DataType::Utf8 => { + let str_arr = as_generic_string_array::<i32>(arr)?; + Ok(str_arr.value(row_idx).to_string()) + } + DataType::LargeUtf8 => { + let str_arr = as_generic_string_array::<i64>(arr)?; + Ok(str_arr.value(row_idx).to_string()) + } + DataType::Utf8View => { + let str_arr = arr.as_string_view(); + Ok(str_arr.value(row_idx).to_string()) + } + other => exec_err!("concat_ws separator must be a string, got {other:?}"), + } +} + +/// Collect string parts from an array at a given row index. +/// For scalar string: adds the value if non-null. +/// For list arrays: expands elements, skipping nulls. +fn collect_parts(arr: &ArrayRef, row_idx: usize, parts: &mut Vec<String>) -> Result<()> { + if arr.is_null(row_idx) { + return Ok(()); + } + + match arr.data_type() { + DataType::Null => {} + DataType::Utf8 => { + let str_arr = as_generic_string_array::<i32>(arr)?; + parts.push(str_arr.value(row_idx).to_string()); + } + DataType::LargeUtf8 => { + let str_arr = as_generic_string_array::<i64>(arr)?; + parts.push(str_arr.value(row_idx).to_string()); + } + DataType::Utf8View => { + let str_arr = arr.as_string_view(); + parts.push(str_arr.value(row_idx).to_string()); + } + DataType::Binary => { + let bin_arr = + arr.as_any().downcast_ref::<BinaryArray>().ok_or_else(|| { Review Comment: Why do we cast using `as_any()` here but for string above we use proper methods? ########## datafusion/spark/src/function/string/concat_ws.rs: ########## @@ -0,0 +1,540 @@ +// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one +// or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file +// distributed with this work for additional information +// regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file +// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the +// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance +// with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at +// +// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 +// +// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, +// software distributed under the License is distributed on an +// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY +// KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the +// specific language governing permissions and limitations +// under the License. + +//! Spark-compatible `concat_ws` function. +//! +//! Differences with DataFusion core `concat_ws`: +//! - Accepts array arguments and expands their elements +//! - Allows zero value arguments: `concat_ws(',')` → `""` +//! - Null array elements are skipped (same as null scalars) + +use std::sync::Arc; + +use arrow::array::{ + Array, ArrayRef, AsArray, BinaryArray, GenericListArray, LargeBinaryArray, + OffsetSizeTrait, StringBuilder, +}; +use arrow::datatypes::DataType; +use datafusion_common::cast::as_generic_string_array; +use datafusion_common::{Result, ScalarValue, exec_err}; +use datafusion_expr::{ + ColumnarValue, ScalarFunctionArgs, ScalarUDFImpl, Signature, Volatility, +}; + +/// Spark-compatible `concat_ws` expression. +/// +/// In Spark, `concat_ws(sep, a, b, ...)` joins strings with separator. +/// If any argument is an array, its elements are joined with the separator. +/// Null values (both scalar and array elements) are skipped. +/// Null separator produces null result. +#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)] +pub struct SparkConcatWs { + signature: Signature, +} + +impl Default for SparkConcatWs { + fn default() -> Self { + Self::new() + } +} + +impl SparkConcatWs { + pub fn new() -> Self { + Self { + signature: Signature::variadic_any(Volatility::Immutable), + } + } +} + +impl ScalarUDFImpl for SparkConcatWs { + fn name(&self) -> &str { + "concat_ws" + } + + fn signature(&self) -> &Signature { + &self.signature + } + + fn return_type(&self, _arg_types: &[DataType]) -> Result<DataType> { + // Spark's concat_ws always returns STRING (Utf8) + Ok(DataType::Utf8) + } + + fn invoke_with_args(&self, args: ScalarFunctionArgs) -> Result<ColumnarValue> { + // Zero value args: concat_ws(',') → "" + if args.args.len() <= 1 { + if args.args.is_empty() { + return Ok(ColumnarValue::Scalar(ScalarValue::Utf8( + Some(String::new()), + ))); + } + // Only separator — return "" or NULL depending on separator + return match &args.args[0] { + ColumnarValue::Scalar(s) if s.is_null() => { + Ok(ColumnarValue::Scalar(ScalarValue::Utf8(None))) + } + ColumnarValue::Scalar(_) => Ok(ColumnarValue::Scalar(ScalarValue::Utf8( + Some(String::new()), + ))), + ColumnarValue::Array(arr) => { + // Separator is a column: return "" for non-null, NULL for null + let mut builder = StringBuilder::with_capacity(arr.len(), 0); + for row_idx in 0..arr.len() { + if arr.is_null(row_idx) { + builder.append_null(); + } else { + builder.append_value(""); + } + } + Ok(ColumnarValue::Array(Arc::new(builder.finish()) as ArrayRef)) + } + }; + } + + // Use our implementation for all cases to guarantee consistent Utf8 return type. + // Core's concat_ws may return Utf8View which conflicts with our return_type. + spark_concat_ws_with_arrays(&args.args, args.number_rows) + } + + fn coerce_types(&self, arg_types: &[DataType]) -> Result<Vec<DataType>> { + if arg_types.is_empty() { + return Ok(vec![]); + } + + let mut coerced = Vec::with_capacity(arg_types.len()); + // First arg is separator — must be string + coerced.push(DataType::Utf8); + + for dt in &arg_types[1..] { + match dt { + DataType::Utf8 + | DataType::LargeUtf8 + | DataType::Utf8View + | DataType::Binary + | DataType::LargeBinary => { + coerced.push(dt.clone()); + } + DataType::List(_) | DataType::LargeList(_) => { + // Keep list types as-is; elements will be extracted at runtime + coerced.push(dt.clone()); + } + DataType::Null => { + coerced.push(DataType::Utf8); + } + _ => { + // Cast other types to string + coerced.push(DataType::Utf8); + } + } + } + + Ok(coerced) + } +} + +/// Implementation of concat_ws that supports array arguments. +fn spark_concat_ws_with_arrays( + args: &[ColumnarValue], + num_rows: usize, +) -> Result<ColumnarValue> { + // Convert all to arrays for uniform processing + let arrays: Vec<ArrayRef> = args + .iter() + .map(|arg| arg.to_array(num_rows)) + .collect::<Result<Vec<_>>>()?; + + // If separator is Null type, all results are null + if *arrays[0].data_type() == DataType::Null { + let mut builder = StringBuilder::with_capacity(num_rows, 0); + for _ in 0..num_rows { + builder.append_null(); + } + return Ok(ColumnarValue::Array(Arc::new(builder.finish()) as ArrayRef)); + } + + let mut builder = StringBuilder::new(); + + for row_idx in 0..num_rows { + // Null separator → null result + if arrays[0].is_null(row_idx) { + builder.append_null(); + continue; + } + + let separator = get_string_value(&arrays[0], row_idx)?; + let mut parts: Vec<String> = Vec::new(); + + // Process remaining arguments + for arr in &arrays[1..] { + collect_parts(arr, row_idx, &mut parts)?; + } + + builder.append_value(parts.join(&separator)); + } + + Ok(ColumnarValue::Array(Arc::new(builder.finish()) as ArrayRef)) +} + +/// Get a string value from an array at a given row index, supporting Utf8/LargeUtf8/Utf8View. +fn get_string_value(arr: &ArrayRef, row_idx: usize) -> Result<String> { + match arr.data_type() { + DataType::Utf8 => { + let str_arr = as_generic_string_array::<i32>(arr)?; + Ok(str_arr.value(row_idx).to_string()) + } + DataType::LargeUtf8 => { + let str_arr = as_generic_string_array::<i64>(arr)?; + Ok(str_arr.value(row_idx).to_string()) + } + DataType::Utf8View => { + let str_arr = arr.as_string_view(); + Ok(str_arr.value(row_idx).to_string()) + } + other => exec_err!("concat_ws separator must be a string, got {other:?}"), + } +} + +/// Collect string parts from an array at a given row index. +/// For scalar string: adds the value if non-null. +/// For list arrays: expands elements, skipping nulls. +fn collect_parts(arr: &ArrayRef, row_idx: usize, parts: &mut Vec<String>) -> Result<()> { + if arr.is_null(row_idx) { + return Ok(()); + } + + match arr.data_type() { + DataType::Null => {} + DataType::Utf8 => { + let str_arr = as_generic_string_array::<i32>(arr)?; + parts.push(str_arr.value(row_idx).to_string()); + } + DataType::LargeUtf8 => { + let str_arr = as_generic_string_array::<i64>(arr)?; + parts.push(str_arr.value(row_idx).to_string()); + } + DataType::Utf8View => { + let str_arr = arr.as_string_view(); + parts.push(str_arr.value(row_idx).to_string()); + } + DataType::Binary => { + let bin_arr = + arr.as_any().downcast_ref::<BinaryArray>().ok_or_else(|| { + datafusion_common::DataFusionError::Execution( + "failed to downcast to BinaryArray".to_string(), + ) + })?; + parts.push(binary_to_utf8(bin_arr.value(row_idx))?); + } + DataType::LargeBinary => { + let bin_arr = + arr.as_any() + .downcast_ref::<LargeBinaryArray>() + .ok_or_else(|| { + datafusion_common::DataFusionError::Execution( + "failed to downcast to LargeBinaryArray".to_string(), + ) + })?; + parts.push(binary_to_utf8(bin_arr.value(row_idx))?); + } + DataType::List(_) => { + collect_parts_from_list::<i32>(arr.as_list::<i32>(), row_idx, parts)?; + } + DataType::LargeList(_) => { + collect_parts_from_list::<i64>(arr.as_list::<i64>(), row_idx, parts)?; + } + other => { + return exec_err!("concat_ws does not support data type {other:?}"); + } + } + Ok(()) +} + +/// Convert binary bytes to UTF-8 string, matching core `concat`/`concat_ws` behavior. +fn binary_to_utf8(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<String> { Review Comment: It seems we might benefit from coercing binary arrays to string arrays in the function signature so we don't need to have this handling logic here ########## datafusion/spark/src/function/string/concat_ws.rs: ########## @@ -0,0 +1,540 @@ +// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one +// or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file +// distributed with this work for additional information +// regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file +// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the +// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance +// with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at +// +// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 +// +// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, +// software distributed under the License is distributed on an +// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY +// KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the +// specific language governing permissions and limitations +// under the License. + +//! Spark-compatible `concat_ws` function. +//! +//! Differences with DataFusion core `concat_ws`: +//! - Accepts array arguments and expands their elements +//! - Allows zero value arguments: `concat_ws(',')` → `""` +//! - Null array elements are skipped (same as null scalars) + +use std::sync::Arc; + +use arrow::array::{ + Array, ArrayRef, AsArray, BinaryArray, GenericListArray, LargeBinaryArray, + OffsetSizeTrait, StringBuilder, +}; +use arrow::datatypes::DataType; +use datafusion_common::cast::as_generic_string_array; +use datafusion_common::{Result, ScalarValue, exec_err}; +use datafusion_expr::{ + ColumnarValue, ScalarFunctionArgs, ScalarUDFImpl, Signature, Volatility, +}; + +/// Spark-compatible `concat_ws` expression. +/// +/// In Spark, `concat_ws(sep, a, b, ...)` joins strings with separator. +/// If any argument is an array, its elements are joined with the separator. +/// Null values (both scalar and array elements) are skipped. +/// Null separator produces null result. +#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)] +pub struct SparkConcatWs { + signature: Signature, +} + +impl Default for SparkConcatWs { + fn default() -> Self { + Self::new() + } +} + +impl SparkConcatWs { + pub fn new() -> Self { + Self { + signature: Signature::variadic_any(Volatility::Immutable), + } + } +} + +impl ScalarUDFImpl for SparkConcatWs { + fn name(&self) -> &str { + "concat_ws" + } + + fn signature(&self) -> &Signature { + &self.signature + } + + fn return_type(&self, _arg_types: &[DataType]) -> Result<DataType> { + // Spark's concat_ws always returns STRING (Utf8) + Ok(DataType::Utf8) + } + + fn invoke_with_args(&self, args: ScalarFunctionArgs) -> Result<ColumnarValue> { + // Zero value args: concat_ws(',') → "" + if args.args.len() <= 1 { + if args.args.is_empty() { + return Ok(ColumnarValue::Scalar(ScalarValue::Utf8( + Some(String::new()), + ))); + } + // Only separator — return "" or NULL depending on separator + return match &args.args[0] { + ColumnarValue::Scalar(s) if s.is_null() => { + Ok(ColumnarValue::Scalar(ScalarValue::Utf8(None))) + } + ColumnarValue::Scalar(_) => Ok(ColumnarValue::Scalar(ScalarValue::Utf8( + Some(String::new()), + ))), + ColumnarValue::Array(arr) => { + // Separator is a column: return "" for non-null, NULL for null + let mut builder = StringBuilder::with_capacity(arr.len(), 0); + for row_idx in 0..arr.len() { + if arr.is_null(row_idx) { + builder.append_null(); + } else { + builder.append_value(""); + } + } + Ok(ColumnarValue::Array(Arc::new(builder.finish()) as ArrayRef)) + } + }; + } + + // Use our implementation for all cases to guarantee consistent Utf8 return type. + // Core's concat_ws may return Utf8View which conflicts with our return_type. + spark_concat_ws_with_arrays(&args.args, args.number_rows) + } + + fn coerce_types(&self, arg_types: &[DataType]) -> Result<Vec<DataType>> { + if arg_types.is_empty() { + return Ok(vec![]); + } + + let mut coerced = Vec::with_capacity(arg_types.len()); + // First arg is separator — must be string + coerced.push(DataType::Utf8); + + for dt in &arg_types[1..] { + match dt { + DataType::Utf8 + | DataType::LargeUtf8 + | DataType::Utf8View + | DataType::Binary + | DataType::LargeBinary => { + coerced.push(dt.clone()); + } + DataType::List(_) | DataType::LargeList(_) => { + // Keep list types as-is; elements will be extracted at runtime + coerced.push(dt.clone()); + } + DataType::Null => { + coerced.push(DataType::Utf8); + } + _ => { + // Cast other types to string + coerced.push(DataType::Utf8); + } + } + } + + Ok(coerced) + } +} + +/// Implementation of concat_ws that supports array arguments. +fn spark_concat_ws_with_arrays( + args: &[ColumnarValue], + num_rows: usize, +) -> Result<ColumnarValue> { + // Convert all to arrays for uniform processing + let arrays: Vec<ArrayRef> = args + .iter() + .map(|arg| arg.to_array(num_rows)) + .collect::<Result<Vec<_>>>()?; Review Comment: Can use [`ColumnarValue::values_to_arrays`](https://docs.rs/datafusion/latest/datafusion/logical_expr/enum.ColumnarValue.html#method.values_to_arrays) here ########## datafusion/spark/src/function/string/concat_ws.rs: ########## @@ -0,0 +1,540 @@ +// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one +// or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file +// distributed with this work for additional information +// regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file +// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the +// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance +// with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at +// +// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 +// +// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, +// software distributed under the License is distributed on an +// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY +// KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the +// specific language governing permissions and limitations +// under the License. + +//! Spark-compatible `concat_ws` function. +//! +//! Differences with DataFusion core `concat_ws`: +//! - Accepts array arguments and expands their elements +//! - Allows zero value arguments: `concat_ws(',')` → `""` +//! - Null array elements are skipped (same as null scalars) + +use std::sync::Arc; + +use arrow::array::{ + Array, ArrayRef, AsArray, BinaryArray, GenericListArray, LargeBinaryArray, + OffsetSizeTrait, StringBuilder, +}; +use arrow::datatypes::DataType; +use datafusion_common::cast::as_generic_string_array; +use datafusion_common::{Result, ScalarValue, exec_err}; +use datafusion_expr::{ + ColumnarValue, ScalarFunctionArgs, ScalarUDFImpl, Signature, Volatility, +}; + +/// Spark-compatible `concat_ws` expression. +/// +/// In Spark, `concat_ws(sep, a, b, ...)` joins strings with separator. +/// If any argument is an array, its elements are joined with the separator. +/// Null values (both scalar and array elements) are skipped. +/// Null separator produces null result. +#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)] +pub struct SparkConcatWs { + signature: Signature, +} + +impl Default for SparkConcatWs { + fn default() -> Self { + Self::new() + } +} + +impl SparkConcatWs { + pub fn new() -> Self { + Self { + signature: Signature::variadic_any(Volatility::Immutable), + } + } +} + +impl ScalarUDFImpl for SparkConcatWs { + fn name(&self) -> &str { + "concat_ws" + } + + fn signature(&self) -> &Signature { + &self.signature + } + + fn return_type(&self, _arg_types: &[DataType]) -> Result<DataType> { + // Spark's concat_ws always returns STRING (Utf8) + Ok(DataType::Utf8) + } + + fn invoke_with_args(&self, args: ScalarFunctionArgs) -> Result<ColumnarValue> { + // Zero value args: concat_ws(',') → "" + if args.args.len() <= 1 { + if args.args.is_empty() { + return Ok(ColumnarValue::Scalar(ScalarValue::Utf8( + Some(String::new()), + ))); + } + // Only separator — return "" or NULL depending on separator + return match &args.args[0] { + ColumnarValue::Scalar(s) if s.is_null() => { + Ok(ColumnarValue::Scalar(ScalarValue::Utf8(None))) + } + ColumnarValue::Scalar(_) => Ok(ColumnarValue::Scalar(ScalarValue::Utf8( + Some(String::new()), + ))), + ColumnarValue::Array(arr) => { + // Separator is a column: return "" for non-null, NULL for null + let mut builder = StringBuilder::with_capacity(arr.len(), 0); + for row_idx in 0..arr.len() { + if arr.is_null(row_idx) { + builder.append_null(); + } else { + builder.append_value(""); + } + } + Ok(ColumnarValue::Array(Arc::new(builder.finish()) as ArrayRef)) + } + }; + } + + // Use our implementation for all cases to guarantee consistent Utf8 return type. + // Core's concat_ws may return Utf8View which conflicts with our return_type. + spark_concat_ws_with_arrays(&args.args, args.number_rows) + } + + fn coerce_types(&self, arg_types: &[DataType]) -> Result<Vec<DataType>> { + if arg_types.is_empty() { + return Ok(vec![]); + } + + let mut coerced = Vec::with_capacity(arg_types.len()); + // First arg is separator — must be string + coerced.push(DataType::Utf8); + + for dt in &arg_types[1..] { + match dt { + DataType::Utf8 + | DataType::LargeUtf8 + | DataType::Utf8View + | DataType::Binary + | DataType::LargeBinary => { + coerced.push(dt.clone()); + } + DataType::List(_) | DataType::LargeList(_) => { + // Keep list types as-is; elements will be extracted at runtime + coerced.push(dt.clone()); + } + DataType::Null => { + coerced.push(DataType::Utf8); + } + _ => { + // Cast other types to string + coerced.push(DataType::Utf8); + } + } + } + + Ok(coerced) + } +} + +/// Implementation of concat_ws that supports array arguments. +fn spark_concat_ws_with_arrays( + args: &[ColumnarValue], + num_rows: usize, +) -> Result<ColumnarValue> { + // Convert all to arrays for uniform processing + let arrays: Vec<ArrayRef> = args + .iter() + .map(|arg| arg.to_array(num_rows)) + .collect::<Result<Vec<_>>>()?; + + // If separator is Null type, all results are null + if *arrays[0].data_type() == DataType::Null { + let mut builder = StringBuilder::with_capacity(num_rows, 0); + for _ in 0..num_rows { + builder.append_null(); + } + return Ok(ColumnarValue::Array(Arc::new(builder.finish()) as ArrayRef)); Review Comment: Can just return a scalar here instead of allocating an array ########## datafusion/spark/src/function/string/concat_ws.rs: ########## @@ -0,0 +1,540 @@ +// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one +// or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file +// distributed with this work for additional information +// regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file +// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the +// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance +// with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at +// +// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 +// +// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, +// software distributed under the License is distributed on an +// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY +// KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the +// specific language governing permissions and limitations +// under the License. + +//! Spark-compatible `concat_ws` function. +//! +//! Differences with DataFusion core `concat_ws`: +//! - Accepts array arguments and expands their elements +//! - Allows zero value arguments: `concat_ws(',')` → `""` +//! - Null array elements are skipped (same as null scalars) + +use std::sync::Arc; + +use arrow::array::{ + Array, ArrayRef, AsArray, BinaryArray, GenericListArray, LargeBinaryArray, + OffsetSizeTrait, StringBuilder, +}; +use arrow::datatypes::DataType; +use datafusion_common::cast::as_generic_string_array; +use datafusion_common::{Result, ScalarValue, exec_err}; +use datafusion_expr::{ + ColumnarValue, ScalarFunctionArgs, ScalarUDFImpl, Signature, Volatility, +}; + +/// Spark-compatible `concat_ws` expression. +/// +/// In Spark, `concat_ws(sep, a, b, ...)` joins strings with separator. +/// If any argument is an array, its elements are joined with the separator. +/// Null values (both scalar and array elements) are skipped. +/// Null separator produces null result. +#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)] +pub struct SparkConcatWs { + signature: Signature, +} + +impl Default for SparkConcatWs { + fn default() -> Self { + Self::new() + } +} + +impl SparkConcatWs { + pub fn new() -> Self { + Self { + signature: Signature::variadic_any(Volatility::Immutable), + } + } +} + +impl ScalarUDFImpl for SparkConcatWs { + fn name(&self) -> &str { + "concat_ws" + } + + fn signature(&self) -> &Signature { + &self.signature + } + + fn return_type(&self, _arg_types: &[DataType]) -> Result<DataType> { + // Spark's concat_ws always returns STRING (Utf8) + Ok(DataType::Utf8) + } + + fn invoke_with_args(&self, args: ScalarFunctionArgs) -> Result<ColumnarValue> { + // Zero value args: concat_ws(',') → "" + if args.args.len() <= 1 { + if args.args.is_empty() { + return Ok(ColumnarValue::Scalar(ScalarValue::Utf8( + Some(String::new()), + ))); + } + // Only separator — return "" or NULL depending on separator + return match &args.args[0] { + ColumnarValue::Scalar(s) if s.is_null() => { + Ok(ColumnarValue::Scalar(ScalarValue::Utf8(None))) + } + ColumnarValue::Scalar(_) => Ok(ColumnarValue::Scalar(ScalarValue::Utf8( + Some(String::new()), + ))), + ColumnarValue::Array(arr) => { + // Separator is a column: return "" for non-null, NULL for null + let mut builder = StringBuilder::with_capacity(arr.len(), 0); + for row_idx in 0..arr.len() { + if arr.is_null(row_idx) { + builder.append_null(); + } else { + builder.append_value(""); + } + } + Ok(ColumnarValue::Array(Arc::new(builder.finish()) as ArrayRef)) + } + }; + } + + // Use our implementation for all cases to guarantee consistent Utf8 return type. + // Core's concat_ws may return Utf8View which conflicts with our return_type. + spark_concat_ws_with_arrays(&args.args, args.number_rows) + } + + fn coerce_types(&self, arg_types: &[DataType]) -> Result<Vec<DataType>> { Review Comment: This function is called only when signature is `user_defined`; as the code is, it is essentially dead code -- This is an automated message from the Apache Git Service. To respond to the message, please log on to GitHub and use the URL above to go to the specific comment. To unsubscribe, e-mail: [email protected] For queries about this service, please contact Infrastructure at: [email protected] --------------------------------------------------------------------- To unsubscribe, e-mail: [email protected] For additional commands, e-mail: [email protected]
