Hi, I haven't read all the thread. I'm running redmine on a testing/sid system using unicorn and nginx. So I can't help much with the apache configuration.
The problem seems to be that you want to install redmine in a sub-URI /redmine . For that I read http://www.redmine.org/projects/redmine/wiki/HowTo_Install_Redmine_in_a_sub-URI but had to do some additional tweaks. I don't know if this page can help you, maybe you know it already. If you're interested I can describe my configuration for redmine 3 in sub-URI /redmine using unicorn and nginx. Regards, Jörg.