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Main Number:
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855.NKF.CARES <1-855-653-2273>
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National Kidney Foundation
30 East 33rd Street
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National Kidney Foundation offices

To contact your local office visit our office locator
<https://www.kidney.org/offices>.
American Journal of Kidney Diseases

Please visit the American Journal of Kidney Diseases web site
<http://www.ajkd.org/contact> for contact information.

2   வணிக ரீதியான செயற்கை சிறுநீரக உற்பத்தி நிறுவனங்களில் சில கேர் ஏஜி,
அசாஹி கேசி, மெட்ரானிக், வான்டிவ், நிப்ரோ, ஃப்ரெசீனியஸ் மற்றும் பல.

3       The exact cost of a wearable artificial kidney (WAK) is not
publicly available as the technology is still under development and not yet
commercialized. However, estimates for a bioartificial kidney
<https://www.google.com/search?num=10&newwindow=1&sa=X&sca_esv=7bb187fa02092698&biw=1229&bih=556&sxsrf=AE3TifPbFte334-cskjuAjw4kvjmvBygrQ%3A1754294896781&q=bioartificial+kidney&ved=2ahUKEwjGrJ3h2fCOAxX53jgGHYAdFQkQxccNegQIHhAB&mstk=AUtExfAwiHCYHSYoXaQ67AMHNfLq1gPW1T8Mvky7Zwl6U1YMYWk_AAvJeiomdsFZLzgo5YUzIgQAozHX8Fqnn3a0pd2tqIuru16k3tUQLzKsRHUWmSdIje1DR2kM830mFTuybfRw5LcqO8RLGXbW3cF52cQ6qPcWiM3x0uBiEem2i3g_EaYG0QrwJ9_pq4Up4GH2KjpY34A96faUzedTlluYtSZCIsZLHRqyO2lRtWqYejTYj_2N6o7R_7stjvh34uvGW-EHWq9enET8JUo0ZKSd6FJl&csui=3>
, which is related, range from $30,000 to $50,000, according to UCLA Health
<https://www.uclahealth.org/news/article/game-changing-artificial-kidney-now-in-development-offers-hope-for-dialysis-free-life>
. The cost-effectiveness and affordability for patients and healthcare
systems are currently being investigated through ongoing studies.
Factors Affecting Cost:

   - *Development Stage:*
   The WAK is still in development, and costs are likely to change as the
   technology matures.
   - *Features and Functionality:*
   The specific features and capabilities of the WAK will influence its
   price.
   - *Reimbursement Regulations:*
   The availability of insurance coverage and reimbursement policies will
   play a significant role in the affordability of the device.
   - *Manufacturing Costs:*
   The cost of producing the device, including materials and manufacturing
   processes, will impact the final price.

Potential Benefits of WAKs:

   - *Increased Mobility:*
   WAKs offer the potential for greater patient mobility and independence
   compared to traditional dialysis.
   - *Reduced Dialysis Dependence:*
   They may allow patients to avoid or reduce the need for traditional
   dialysis sessions.
   - *Improved Quality of Life:*
   By providing continuous filtration, WAKs could improve blood pressure
   regulation, fluid balance, and overall well-being.
   - *Cost Savings:*
   While the initial cost may be high, WAKs could potentially lead to
   long-term cost savings for healthcare systems by reducing the need for
   clinic visits and other related expenses.

Current Research and Development:

   - Several research groups are working on developing WAKs and other
   artificial kidney technologies.
   - One example is The Kidney Project at UC San Francisco
   <https://pharm.ucsf.edu/kidney/device/faq>, which is focused on
   developing both implantable and wearable artificial kidneys.
   - Another is Dr. Victor Gura's Wearable Artificial Kidney (WAK™)
   <https://drgura.com/wearable-artificial-kidney/>, which is designed for
   continuous use.
   - These efforts involve significant funding requirements, with some
   groups seeking millions of dollars to complete preclinical development and
   clinical trials.

In summary, while the exact cost of a wearable artificial kidney is
unknown, it is expected to be a significant investment, but one that could
offer substantial benefits to patients and healthcare systems alike.
4     https://youtu.be/4vTgGGJSLHc
KR


On Mon, 4 Aug 2025 at 11:59, Rajaram Krishnamurthy <[email protected]>
wrote:

> May be try to contact that doctor for test stage  May happen at times  KR
>
> On Mon, 4 Aug 2025 at 11:55, Madras Sivaraman <[email protected]>
> wrote:
>
>> Our security guard has lost both kidneys and is on dialysis. We are
>> helpiing for transplant
>> On Mon, 4 Aug 2025 at 11:07 AM, Rajaram Krishnamurthy <
>> [email protected]> wrote:
>>
>>> Hope everything comes out fine sooner than later.  KR
>>>
>>> On Mon, 4 Aug 2025 at 10:33, Madras Sivaraman <
>>> [email protected]> wrote:
>>>
>>>> Thank you for this very useful information.
>>>>
>>>> On Mon, 4 Aug 2025 at 10:27 AM, Rajaram Krishnamurthy <
>>>> [email protected]> wrote:
>>>>
>>>>> Recent news in 2025 highlights advancements in artificial kidney
>>>>> research, with a focus on portability, bioartificial kidney prototypes, 
>>>>> and
>>>>> potential clinical trials. Researchers are making strides in miniaturizing
>>>>> devices, exploring bioartificial kidney components, and even developing
>>>>> wearable options for continuous dialysis.
>>>>>
>>>>> 1. Portable Artificial Kidneys:
>>>>>
>>>>> SNU researchers have developed a portable artificial kidney using
>>>>> nano electrokinetic technology, enabling continuous regeneration of
>>>>> peritoneal dialysate, a key component in dialysis.
>>>>>
>>>>> This innovation aims to make kidney failure treatment more accessible
>>>>> and convenient for patients.
>>>>>
>>>>> The Artificial Kidney Innovation Lab is also focused on creating
>>>>> patient-friendly, portable devices.
>>>>>
>>>>> 2. Bioartificial Kidney Progress:
>>>>>
>>>>> The Kidney Project has successfully tested a prototype bioartificial
>>>>> kidney, combining a hemofilter and a bioreactor.
>>>>>
>>>>> This device aims to mimic the natural function of the kidney, with the
>>>>> bioreactor containing lab-grown kidney cells.
>>>>>
>>>>> The project has received funding and recognition, including a KidneyX
>>>>> award, for its work on improving dialysis, especially for at-home use.
>>>>>
>>>>> Researchers have successfully implanted a smartphone-sized prototype
>>>>> in animals and are working towards clinical trials.
>>>>>
>>>>> UCSF is also exploring the use of silicon fabrication technology to
>>>>> shrink the device further, aiming for a coffee cup-sized implantable
>>>>> device.
>>>>>
>>>>> 3. Clinical Trials and Future Directions:
>>>>>
>>>>> Pig-to-human kidney transplants are entering clinical trials, with
>>>>> initial procedures planned at Johns Hopkins.
>>>>>
>>>>> The goal is to expand xenotransplantation to more patients, pending
>>>>> successful results from these trials.
>>>>>
>>>>> Dr. Shuvo Roy also presented updates on the implantable bioartificial
>>>>> kidney at the European Society for Artificial Organs (ESAO) 2025
>>>>> Conference.
>>>>>
>>>>> Researchers are working towards a commercially available artificial
>>>>> kidney by the end of the decade, though timelines may be affected by
>>>>> funding and technical challenges.
>>>>>
>>>>> 4. Novel Filtration Technologies:
>>>>>
>>>>> Researchers are exploring new membrane materials, like cellulose,
>>>>> which may offer superior filtering performance compared to existing
>>>>> materials.
>>>>>
>>>>> This could lead to improvements in both traditional dialysis and
>>>>> artificial kidney devices.
>>>>>
>>>>> 5. Wearable Artificial Kidney (WAK):
>>>>>
>>>>> The WAK is a miniaturized dialysis machine designed for continuous
>>>>> use, allowing patients to wear it 24/7.
>>>>>
>>>>> It has been clinically tested in Europe and the US, but is still
>>>>> considered experimental and not yet FDA-approved for public use.
>>>>>
>>>>> The WAK is part of the broader effort to develop more convenient and
>>>>> accessible kidney replacement therapies.
>>>>>
>>>>> BUT IN INDIA
>>>>>
>>>>> Yes, there are ongoing developments in artificial kidney technology,
>>>>> and while a fully functional, implantable artificial kidney is not yet
>>>>> available, there are promising advancements in both wearable and
>>>>> bioartificial kidneys. Here’s an overview of the current state of
>>>>> artificial kidney technology:
>>>>>
>>>>> 1. Wearable Artificial Kidneys
>>>>>
>>>>> Concept: Wearable artificial kidneys are devices designed to be worn
>>>>> outside the body and connected to the patient via tubing. They aim to
>>>>> provide continuous dialysis, which can be more convenient and less
>>>>> restrictive compared to traditional dialysis.
>>>>>
>>>>> Status: Several prototypes have been developed, such as the Wearable
>>>>> Artificial Kidney (WAK) and the Portable Artificial Kidney, which are in
>>>>> various stages of clinical trials. These devices offer the potential for
>>>>> more flexible treatment options and improved quality of life for patients
>>>>> with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
>>>>>
>>>>> 2. Bioartificial Kidneys
>>>>>
>>>>> Concept: Bioartificial kidneys combine biological elements with
>>>>> synthetic materials to mimic the function of a natural kidney. These
>>>>> devices use living kidney cells to filter blood and remove waste products.
>>>>>
>>>>> Status: Research is ongoing in this area, with the development of
>>>>> devices like the Kidney Project’s bioartificial kidney, which aims to
>>>>> integrate kidney cells with a dialysis machine. This technology is still 
>>>>> in
>>>>> the experimental phase but shows promise for future clinical use.
>>>>>
>>>>> 3. Implantable Artificial Kidneys
>>>>>
>>>>> Concept: An implantable artificial kidney would be a device that can
>>>>> be surgically implanted within the body to replace kidney function. This
>>>>> would ideally eliminate the need for external dialysis machines or 
>>>>> frequent
>>>>> treatments.
>>>>>
>>>>> Status: As of now, implantable artificial kidneys are primarily in the
>>>>> research and development phase. Advances in bioengineering and materials
>>>>> science are working towards creating a viable and functional implantable
>>>>> device.
>>>>>
>>>>> 4. Current Technologies and Alternatives
>>>>>
>>>>> Dialysis: Traditional dialysis remains the primary treatment for
>>>>> patients with severe kidney dysfunction. It includes hemodialysis and
>>>>> peritoneal dialysis, which are effective but can be time-consuming and 
>>>>> have
>>>>> lifestyle impacts.
>>>>>
>>>>> Kidney Transplant: Kidney transplantation is currently the most
>>>>> effective long-term solution for end-stage kidney disease, offering
>>>>> improved quality of life compared to dialysis.
>>>>>
>>>>> Challenges and Future Directions
>>>>>
>>>>> Biocompatibility: Ensuring that artificial kidneys are biocompatible
>>>>> and do not cause adverse reactions in the body is a significant challenge.
>>>>>
>>>>> Long-Term Functionality: Achieving long-term functionality and
>>>>> durability of these devices is crucial for their success.
>>>>>
>>>>> Regulation and Approval: New technologies must undergo rigorous
>>>>> testing and regulatory approval before they can be widely available for
>>>>> clinical use.
>>>>>
>>>>> Conclusion
>>>>>
>>>>> While a fully functional, implantable artificial kidney is not yet
>>>>> available, significant progress is being made in wearable and 
>>>>> bioartificial
>>>>> kidneys. These advancements hold the potential to revolutionize the
>>>>> treatment of kidney failure by offering more convenient and effective
>>>>> options for patients. Ongoing research and development in this field
>>>>> continue to bring us closer to more practical and widely accessible
>>>>> solutions.
>>>>>
>>>>> May be phase 1 is around the corner in India.  K RAJARAM IRS 4825
>>>>>
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