Running t/rw/msleep(9) w/o KERNEL_LOCK() implies that a thread can
change the value of `ps_single' while one of its siblings might be
dereferencing it.  

To prevent inconsistencies in the code executed by sibling thread, the
diff below makes sure `ps_single' is dereferenced only once in various
parts of the kernel.

ok?

Index: kern/kern_exit.c
===================================================================
RCS file: /cvs/src/sys/kern/kern_exit.c,v
retrieving revision 1.196
diff -u -p -r1.196 kern_exit.c
--- kern/kern_exit.c    15 Feb 2021 09:35:59 -0000      1.196
+++ kern/kern_exit.c    4 Mar 2021 09:29:27 -0000
@@ -274,6 +274,8 @@ exit1(struct proc *p, int xexit, int xsi
                         */
                        if (qr->ps_flags & PS_TRACED &&
                            !(qr->ps_flags & PS_EXITING)) {
+                               struct proc *st;
+
                                process_untrace(qr);
 
                                /*
@@ -281,9 +283,9 @@ exit1(struct proc *p, int xexit, int xsi
                                 * direct the signal to the active
                                 * thread to avoid deadlock.
                                 */
-                               if (qr->ps_single)
-                                       ptsignal(qr->ps_single, SIGKILL,
-                                           STHREAD);
+                               st = qr->ps_single;
+                               if (st != NULL)
+                                       ptsignal(st, SIGKILL, STHREAD);
                                else
                                        prsignal(qr, SIGKILL);
                        } else {
@@ -510,7 +512,7 @@ dowait4(struct proc *q, pid_t pid, int *
 {
        int nfound;
        struct process *pr;
-       struct proc *p;
+       struct proc *p, *st;
        int error;
 
        if (pid == 0)
@@ -541,10 +543,11 @@ loop:
                        proc_finish_wait(q, p);
                        return (0);
                }
+
+               st = pr->ps_single;
                if (pr->ps_flags & PS_TRACED &&
-                   (pr->ps_flags & PS_WAITED) == 0 && pr->ps_single &&
-                   pr->ps_single->p_stat == SSTOP &&
-                   (pr->ps_single->p_flag & P_SUSPSINGLE) == 0) {
+                   (pr->ps_flags & PS_WAITED) == 0 && st != NULL &&
+                   st->p_stat == SSTOP && (st->p_flag & P_SUSPSINGLE) == 0) {
                        if (single_thread_wait(pr, 0))
                                goto loop;
 
Index: kern/sys_process.c
===================================================================
RCS file: /cvs/src/sys/kern/sys_process.c,v
retrieving revision 1.86
diff -u -p -r1.86 sys_process.c
--- kern/sys_process.c  8 Feb 2021 10:51:02 -0000       1.86
+++ kern/sys_process.c  4 Mar 2021 09:29:27 -0000
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ sys_ptrace(struct proc *p, void *v, regi
 int
 ptrace_ctrl(struct proc *p, int req, pid_t pid, caddr_t addr, int data)
 {
-       struct proc *t;                         /* target thread */
+       struct proc *st, *t;                    /* target thread */
        struct process *tr;                     /* target process */
        int error = 0;
        int s;
@@ -433,8 +433,9 @@ ptrace_ctrl(struct proc *p, int req, pid
                 * from where it stopped."
                 */
 
-               if (pid < THREAD_PID_OFFSET && tr->ps_single)
-                       t = tr->ps_single;
+               st = tr->ps_single;
+               if (pid < THREAD_PID_OFFSET && st != NULL)
+                       t = st;
 
                /* If the address parameter is not (int *)1, set the pc. */
                if ((int *)addr != (int *)1)
@@ -464,8 +465,9 @@ ptrace_ctrl(struct proc *p, int req, pid
                 * from where it stopped."
                 */
 
-               if (pid < THREAD_PID_OFFSET && tr->ps_single)
-                       t = tr->ps_single;
+               st = tr->ps_single;
+               if (pid < THREAD_PID_OFFSET && st != NULL)
+                       t = st;
 
 #ifdef PT_STEP
                /*
@@ -495,8 +497,9 @@ ptrace_ctrl(struct proc *p, int req, pid
                break;
 
        case PT_KILL:
-               if (pid < THREAD_PID_OFFSET && tr->ps_single)
-                       t = tr->ps_single;
+               st = tr->ps_single;
+               if (pid < THREAD_PID_OFFSET && st != NULL)
+                       t = st;
 
                /* just send the process a KILL signal. */
                data = SIGKILL;
@@ -536,6 +539,7 @@ int
 ptrace_kstate(struct proc *p, int req, pid_t pid, void *addr)
 {
        struct process *tr;                     /* target process */
+       struct proc *st;
        struct ptrace_event *pe = addr;
        int error;
 
@@ -582,9 +586,9 @@ ptrace_kstate(struct proc *p, int req, p
                tr->ps_ptmask = pe->pe_set_event;
                break;
        case PT_GET_PROCESS_STATE:
-               if (tr->ps_single)
-                       tr->ps_ptstat->pe_tid =
-                           tr->ps_single->p_tid + THREAD_PID_OFFSET;
+               st = tr->ps_single;
+               if (st != NULL)
+                       tr->ps_ptstat->pe_tid = st->p_tid + THREAD_PID_OFFSET;
                memcpy(addr, tr->ps_ptstat, sizeof *tr->ps_ptstat);
                break;
        default:

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