as it is for use on Linux.
It is also possible to do the CRLF-->LF or LF-->CRLF using 'sed'
in Linux.
For some further detail see
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix2dos
Hoping this helps,
Ted.
-
E-Mail: (T
values are simply blank) you could use
something like:
read.table(zfile, header = TRUE, as.is = FALSE, na.strings="OOPS")
which should avoid the problem.
Hoping this helps,
Ted.
-
E-Mail: (Ted Harding)
Date: 05-Apr-2012 Time: 12:21:57
This message was sent by XFMail
__
R-devel@r-project.org mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel
> __
>> R-devel@r-project.org mailing list
>> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel
>
> __
> R-devel@r-project.org mailing list
> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-dev
tion which involve smore than this numer of bits
is inevitably an approximation.
Provided the user is aware of this, there is no need for
your "It should always return the correct value or fail."
It will return the correct value if the integers are not
too large; otherwise it
lization of the above. _I would want a[,M1,,M2] to
>>> extract a[i1,i2,i3,i4,i5,i6,i7] where M1[i2,i3] and M[i5,i6,i7] are
>>> TRUE.
>>>
>>> One would need all(dim(a)[2:3] == dim(M1)) and all(dim(a)[5:7] ==
>>> dim(M2)) for consistency
list, or should be specifically defined within the
function, and not assumed to already exist unless that is already
guaranteed in every context in which the function would be used.
This is basic good practice which, once routinely adopted, should
ensure that the right thing is done every time!
Ted.
---
a list. (It returns '00' for a raw
result.]
since that seems to imply that x[c(NA,NA)] should return c(NA,NA)
and not rep(NA,length(x))!
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding)
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 17-Dec-
gt; first.
>
> Regards -- Gerrit
This indicates that the sentence can be mis-read. It should be
cured by a small change in punctuation (hence I copy to R-devel):
The logical operators are <, <=, >, >=; == for exact equality;
and != for inequality
Hopin
ass of
beginnners) it were turned on, then there would be a huge
number of false positives filling up the screen in almost
any normal program. Reassuring for beginners!
So, on those grounds, I doubt its wisdom (and would prefer
giving the advice to bracket things, as in "x<(-3)"
ular lispopia, but apart from that
it's safe! It's certainly something I tend to do even now,
simply for the sake of readability (aka "visual parsing").
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding)
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 23-Aug-10
perhaps would benefit most from being made being
somewhat re-formatted, without essential change.
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding)
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 23-Aug-10 Time: 03:22:01
ot;? If R-help ends up telling me exactly what to do,
I shall leave the list. I mean it. For good.
Ted.
[the rest snipped]
E-Mail: (Ted Harding)
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date
individual author of
such a package does not want to be the sole recipient of frequent
questions about it -- the R-help community can carry the load
better with its "distributed model").
> C. If you are writing code for R itself, or if you are developing a
> package, send your qu
'levels=...' is present and 'ordered=TRUE', then the
levels are ordered according to the order in which they
are listed in 'levels'.
With thanks,
Ted.
-
l accuracy.
So, up to pnorm(-1.0e+307, log.p=TRUE) = -Inf. All is as it should be.
However, at -1e+308, "the envelope is about to burst", and something
may occur within the algorithm which results in a NaN.
So there is nothing anomalous about your results except at -1e+308,
which is whe
Hence (I guess) X is found in the environment and is coerced
into a dataframe with 2 columns, and X.1, X.2 are taken from there.
R Gurus: Please comment! (I'm only guessing by plausibility).
Ted.
-
quot;
The value of the odds ratio which maximises this (for given
observed 'a') is not the sample OR.
Hoping this helps,
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding)
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date:
depend on
the unkown elements, and hence the value of the expression is unknown.
This distinction is important and useful, so it should not be done
away with by merging NaN and NA!
Best wishes,
Ted.
--------
E-Mail: (Ted H
%f feet tall\n", "Sven", 7.1) ;
you would see on-screen (stdout) the string
"Sven is 7.10 feet tall"
(followed by a line-break due to the "\n"), while
mystream = fopen("myoutput.txt",a) ;
fprintf(mystream, "%s is %f feet tall\n", "Sven", 7.1) ;
s will be ignored (with a warning) unless
'breaks' is a vector.
right: logical; if 'TRUE', the histograms cells are right-closed
(left open) intervals.
See '?hist'. You can change this behaviour by shanging the options.
Hoping this helps,
Ted.
-
s will be ignored (with a warning) unless
'breaks' is a vector.
right: logical; if 'TRUE', the histograms cells are right-closed
(left open) intervals.
See '?hist'. You can change this behaviour by shanging the options.
Hoping this helps,
Ted.
-
ot;.".
Therefore the second "." in "./." is not a filename.
What the above examples of dirname and basename usage are returning
is simply a specific representation of the current working directlory.
Forgive me if
e problem this in matrix definition?
>>
>> Thanks very much!
>>
>>Fábio Mathias Corrêa
>> Estatística e Experimentação Agropecuária/UFLA
>>
>>
>>
>> _
>>
On 16-Aug-09 14:06:18, Liviu Andronic wrote:
> Hello,
> On 8/16/09, Ted Harding wrote:
>> I don't know about *compelling* reasons! But (as a general rule)
>> if the Alternative Hyptohesis is stated, then the Null Hypothesis
>> is simply its negation. So, i
ential, since different alterntatives
may ne adopted depending on the application such as
Ha: true tau is greater than 0
(implicit: true tau <= 0)
or
Ha: tru tau is less than 0
(implicit: true tau >= 0)
Hoping this helps,
Ted.
-
urich
My own view of this is that there may in certain cirumstances be an
interest in distinguishing between 0 and (-0), yet normally most
users will simply want to compare the numerical values.
Therefore I am in favour of revising i
X)
# [1] "logical"
X[1]<-1
X
# [1] 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
class(X)
# [1] "numeric"
so R has converted X from class 'logical' to class 'numeric'
on being asked to assign a number to a logical; but in this
case its hands were not tied by colClasses.
Or am I missing something?!!
Ted.
On 24-Apr-09 16:53:04, Stavros Macrakis wrote:
> On Thu, Apr 23, 2009 at 8:54 PM, Ted Harding
> wrote:
> [...]
>> ...inspires someone to incorporate the same language extension
>> into a GPL'd FORTRAN interpreter/compiler. I think I could then
>> be vulnerable, or
investors, etc. and
> perhaps look to go public at a future date, you bet I would look to
> incorporate in Delaware. It would be the right fiduciary decision to
> make in the interest of all parties.
>
> Unfortunately, we have no such archive of case law yet of the GPL.
On 30-Mar-09 20:37:51, Duncan Murdoch wrote:
> On 3/30/2009 2:55 PM, (Ted Harding) wrote:
>> On 30-Mar-09 18:40:03, Kjetil Halvorsen wrote:
>>> With R 2.8.1 on ubuntu I get:
>>>> gamma(-1)
>>> [1] NaN
>>> Warning message:
>>> In gamma(-1
first one right, and the second one (lgamma)
> should also be NaN?
> Kjetil
That is surely correct! Since lim[x->(-1)+] gamma(x) = +Inf,
while lim[x->(-1)-] gamma(x) = -Inf, at gamma(-1) one cannot
choose between +Inf and -Inf, so surely is is NaN.
Ted.
--------
LSE, in which case you get the error message
and know where you stand.
Ted.
------------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding)
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 29-Mar-09
m of the
> German grammar rules.
>
> Cheers,
> Berwin
E-Mail: (Ted Harding)
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 24-Feb-09 Time: 14:44:21
Thanks, everyone, for all the responses!
Ted.
On 05-Feb-09 20:48:33, Ted Harding wrote:
> Hi Folks,
> Maybe I've missed it already being available somehow,
> but if the following isn't available I'd like to suggest it.
>
> If you're happy to let plot() choo
ould like to suggest that this possibility should be available.
What do people think?
Best wishes,
Ted.
--------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding)
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 05-Feb-09
blem, but I'm not sure.
>
> Thanks,
> Spencer
>
> __________
> R-devel@r-project.org mailing list
> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel
---
blem".
> >>
> cd> Thanks in advance
> >>
> cd> Christophe
> >>
> cd> [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
> >>
> cd> __
> cd> R-devel
nguishable from B, and B is indistinguishable
from C, then A is indistinguishable from C.
10:00 is indistinguishable from 10:01 (on the hour-hand)
10:[n] is indistinguishable from 10:[n+1]
Hence, by induction, 10:00 is indistinguishable from 11:00
Which you do not want!
Best wishes,
Ted.
-
been wrapped.
A not-so-subtle solution to this (subtle or not) problem.
NEVER paste from a browser (or a Word doc, or anything similar)
into the R command interface. Paste only from pure plain text.
Therefore, if you must paste, then paste first into a window
where a pure-plain-text editor is r
out 0.001, if you were lucky and didn't
make a slip of the pen).
R still gets it approximately right:
1/(1i^1i)
[1] 4.810477+0i
$i^i = £1
Best wishes,
Ted.
----
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-ema
But I feel it should be
coordinated by people who are experts in the internals
of how R handles such things.
Best wishes to all,
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
arting with r/K:
nextr <- function(r){ifelse(r<=K/2, 2*r, 2*(K-r))}
"For K = 7 and r = 3, this yields r = 3, 6, 2, 4, 6, ...
Dividing this by K=7, one gets the correct period with
approximately correct numbers."
Best wishes,
Ted.
------
/7 -> 4/7 -> 2/7
All other numbers x outside these sets generate non-periodic
sequences.
Apart from the case where initial x = 1/2^k, none of the
above is true in R (e.g. the example above).
So can you devise an "isEqual" function which will make this
work?
It's only Monday .
ools.org/download.html; mac install instructions
> here: http://9mmedia.com/blog/?p=7).
Thanks so much for sharing your discovery, Mike! Out of the blue!
(Unexpected bonus for being on the R list).
Best wishes,
Ted.
--------
E-Mail:
case
I agree!
Ted.
>
> On 7/16/07, Ted Harding <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> On 16-Jul-07 14:16:10, Gabor Grothendieck wrote:
>> > Following up on your comments it seems formula.data.frame just
>> > creates
>> > a formula whose lhs is the first co
o do the interactions as well,
I would never need to think again!
best wishes,
Ted.
--------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 16-Jul-07
On 16-Jul-07 13:57:56, Ted Harding wrote:
> On 16-Jul-07 13:28:50, Gabor Grothendieck wrote:
>> The formula attribute of the builtin CO2 dataset seems a bit strange:
>>
>>> formula(CO2)
>> Plant ~ Type + Treatment + conc + uptake
>>
>> What is one su
one from the "columns".
Best wishes,
Ted.
------------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 16-Jul-07
base.
Fortunately, the underlying controllability is still accessible
in many cases if you lift the lid. But GUI-driven applications
such as web-browsers and web-based mailers tend to work from
the top (GUI) down, making this hard to reach.
Best wishes to all,
Ted.
-
the values of these. Each time you change,
save the edited file. Because gv is in "watch" mode, it will
re-draw the page whenever the file changes. Thus you can adjust
the bounding box until it is just as you want it.
Best wishes,
Ted.
---
but you have not. So the user has to face the problem of
how to cope with the finite-length representation in any situation
where the distinction between 2 and 2.0001 really
matters.
Hoping this helps,
Ted.
--
but you have not. So the user has to face the problem of
how to cope with the finite-length representation in any situation
where the distinction between 2 and 2.0001 really
matters.
Hoping this helps,
Ted.
--
obtain indirect
information, under certain assumptions).
So maybe one could need implementations of pbinom and dbinom
which work differently in different circumstances. But what
remains important is that, whichever way they work in given
circumstances, they should be consistent with each other.
Best w
On 03-Feb-06 Peter Dalgaard wrote:
> (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
>
>> On 03-Feb-06 [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>> > Full_Name: Uffe Høgsbro Thygesen
>> > Version: 2.2.0
>> > OS: linux
>> > Submission from: (NULL) (130.226.135.25
have a preceding test for "size<=0"
and return NaN in that case since, for the same reasons as
above, the result is the probability of a non-event.
(But it depends on your point of view, as above ... However,
surely the two should be consistent with each other.)
Best wishes,
Ted.
edu/~rpeng/
>
> __
> R-devel@r-project.org mailing list
> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 30-Jan-06
618
Gibrltar 349
Gobraltar652
So -- if anyone can find a typo of "Gibraltar" which googles to
more than 5000 hits (excepting "Gibralta")?
Best wishes,
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EM
y and
maganed to tangle this with a standard definition of the
"variance" of a finite population which uses the 1/(N-1)
divisor!
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094
greed. I wasn't aware of this -- what is the S-plus default?
(not that it matters ... ). A simply silly distinction, and
possibly a carry-over from the "confusion" described above
(e.g. "Since sample correlation is calculated as
Cov(X,Y)/sqrt(Var(X)*Var(Y)), shoul
eption of
R.version.string #Linux
[1] "R version 1.2.3, 2001-04-26"
which does know about is.na()<- at all.
Hmmm
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Da
ce Manual (see e.g. Standard
Roman Character Set in Appendix E, "Standard Character Sets and
Encoding Vectors"). So that is what must be used when invoking
them in PostScript. However, I am firmly of the view that Adobe
made an error when they gave these things the names "guillemotl
R Development Core Team must have had some bird on the brain
at the time ...
Ted.
--------
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 16-Sep-05
On 16-Sep-05 Ted Harding wrote:
> On 16-Sep-05 Duncan Murdoch wrote:
>> Yes, this is the tex that gets output:
>>
>> \code{mlazy( <{}{}>, <>, <>)}
>>
>> This seems to happen in Rdconv.pm, around here:
>>
>> ##
< by
> <{}<, instead of just the first. (I would have guessed appending a g
> would work, but didn't in a quick test, i.e. $c =~ s/< didn't
> work.)
>
> Duncan Murdoch
Perl is overkill -- by a long way!
echo "{mlazy( <>
I can't come up with a better
idea than his: an up-to-date "Ihaka and Gentleman", which
does due honour to the greatly enhanced riches of R, and R's
solidity and quality, at the present time!
But maybe this might take a book ...
Best wish
eed more justification than
WinBUGS? Are JRSS citations less canonical then other journals?
Best wishes to all,
Ted.
E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Fax-to-email: +44
66 matches
Mail list logo
