maintaining deb mirror w/o online access
I have a rather interesting problem. I've recently lost my nice cable internet access, and will have to make due without any internet access at home for a while. Since I have three machines networked at home - all running debian, I decided to keep my own mirror of Sarge. Right now I'm using jigdo to get the sarge weeklies at my parent's house so I can burn them to cd-rw. This way I can bring the cds home and use apt-move or something to create the initial mirror. There are two problems with this approach. 1: I'll only be getting main - no other section. 2: I can only update the mirror weekly when the jigdos are regenerated. Is there anything that will let me just download what has changed (on a daily basis) so I can put it on zip disk to bring home? I need to do this without maintaining a mirror on my parent's computer. Any help appreciated, PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: using scp to move files
Antonio Rodriguez wrote: scp file; rm file Uh, "scp file(s) && rm file(s)" is probably better since "&&" will only run the next command if the first one succeeds. It would be a shame to have scp fail for some reason, then delete your files. :) PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
ntpd conf confusion
Hi all, I've recently installed the ntpd on my 24/7 machine so it could serve as a ntp server for my local network. So far evrything is going fine, but I have run into one possible problem. I set it to use pool.ntp.org, and according to my router logs, the first few outgoing addresses were indeed that. Now it seems to be going to one ip address instead, and I can't see why. I've rechecked the conf files and even restarted ntpd, but to no avail. Thanks, PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: if debian is used by gnu, h/c lilo not grub?
Jule Slootbeek wrote: The new debian-installer installed GRUB by default, i'm not sure what the reason is that LILO was used previously, but one can easily switch between them, if one chooses. -JSS Woody was released so long ago that I don't think anyone was using grub. PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: woody: boot fail after upgrade
Howard Chin wrote: I think the first thing I will need is to mount the HD so that I can have access to the HD. I can boot using a CD to a shell. There are a few important files that I want to rescue. If I can do that, the worse case is to reinstall the system which I can afford to do since I have only been building up my server and have not put it to any real work yet. I am newish to linux and am not quite sure how to mnt the HD. It will be much appreciated if someone can let me know how. Once you're in a shell just do "mount /dev/(partition) /mnt". Your harddrive partition should now be mounted on /mnt. From there you could do "chroot /mnt". This will change your current root to /mnt, so now it's as if you had successfully booted your system. From here you can run "lilo -vv" to reinstall lilo in the mbr, or "apt-get install grub" to install grub if you wish. A note: The above will work fine if you only have one partition. If you have more than one, mount "/" first, then others. ie: Say / is hda4, /usr is hda2, swap is hda1, and /usr/local is hda3 First "mount /dev/hda4 /mnt" then "mount /dev/hda2 /mnt/usr" then "mount /dev/hda3 /mnt/usr/local" In other words, mount parent directories first. If you want to, you may activate the swap partition with "swapon /dev/(partition)" hda1 in above example. PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Debian unstable vs Ubuntu
Marc Wilson wrote: Yeah, modconf is one of the more useless things Debian has ever come up with. The entire idea of /etc/modules ranks a close second. WTH? Modconf can be very useful, especially for newer sysadmins. It's nice to be able to just use a menu to go through and see what modules work/fail to install, especially if you're not sure what module(s) is/are needed for some hardware. Run modconf on one terminal and a prompt on another, and you can check different drivers (like network cards) to see if they work or not and adjust accordingly. This is easier than listing the directory and trying modules one by one, even with tab completion. PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: dircolors
nx13372 wrote: This is my .bashrc: export PS1='\[\033[01;28m\]\t \[\033[01;[EMAIL PROTECTED];34m\]\w\$\[\033[00m\]' umask 022 export LS_OPTIONS='--color=auto' eval `dircolors` alias ls='ls $LS_OPTIONS' alias ll='ls $LS_OPTIONS -l' alias l='ls $LS_OPTIONS -lA' I put this in /root and in a "normal" user. In root works, but in user "net" dont! Why? What i must to do? thanks. Check the file permissions, if you copied the file as root, the user may not be able to read it. PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: OT yahoo mail not getting debian-user
I use a yahoo account and haven't noticed any problems whatsoever. I'm still getting a few hundred messages a day from my debian lists. Yahoo account use Thunderbird to download email via pop3 ISP is RCN (Philadelphia area) , PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Oops, no more /usr.
I have a Sarge system where I tried to move /usr to a separate partition. To make a long story short, I accidently copied the Knoppix cd's /usr, not the deb system's /usr. I actually saved /usr as /usrold on the original partition, but deleted it once everything seemed to be working. End result: I have to regenerate /usr. I'm thinking I'll have to use dpkg and apt to reinstall any debs that are already installed (maybe get/set-selections), but this leads me to two questions. 1: Should I tar /etc before this and overwrite it again afterwards? If so, are there any other directories I should do the same to? 2: Is there a way to only reinstall packages with files in /usr? For example, kernel-sources* has files placed in /usr, but kernel-image* do not. Any other ideas or suggestions would be appreciated. PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Oops, no more /usr.
Thomas Adam wrote:
On Tue, Aug 24, 2004 at 02:48:34PM -0400, PaulNM wrote:
1: Should I tar /etc before this and overwrite it again afterwards? If
so, are there any other directories I should do the same to?
Unless you have made a lot of modifications, no. Of course, if you had made
modifications, you'd have done so via local files under $HOME.
My concern was that some packages might re-ask questions (ie. Xserver
related). In this case I'd rather just overwrite the conffile(s) with
backups. I just cp -a /etc /root/ in case one or two conffiles need to
be overwritten.
2: Is there a way to only reinstall packages with files in /usr? For
example, kernel-sources* has files placed in /usr, but kernel-image* do not.
COLUMNS=200 dpkg -l | awk '/^ii/ {print $2}' | xargs apt-get --reinstall install
Should do it for you.
-- Thomas Adam
Hmm, it seems dpkg, awk, and apt-get reside in /usr as none of them are
available right now. Otherwise that one-liner is magnificent.
At this point I'm looking at trying one of the following:
1: Download precompiled tarballs of the three and there dependencies,
then run the one-liner.
2: Copy over a minimal /usr from Knoppix cd (3.4).
3: Maybe using net-installer cd to reinstall debs (at least base debs).
Number 3 looks most appealing, I'm checking to see if it's possible. Any
other suggestions would appreciated.
PaulNM
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Re: dot matrix printer unicode question
On Fri, 2009-07-31 at 16:22 -0400, Jude DaShiell wrote: > Could unicode be the reason my Panasonic KX-p1123 printer prints garbage > on sveral pages when I try printing out a 13 line long text file on Linux > and that same file gets printed perfectly when done with a real dos > computer? I have a printer queue set up which allows lpr and lp both to > print garbage last time a sighted person took a look dollar signs question > marks and very long lines of text were being printed. This is a grocery > list with one item per line. > > No , that sounds more like a newline / line carriage issue. Use dos2unix/unix2dos on text files when moving to/from Windows and Linux. Basicly dos doesn't recognize the newline characters. PaulNM
Re: joining Windows domain (Active Directory)
On Wed, 2009-04-08 at 03:05 -0700, orange wrote: > thanks for the link, but it requires additional information such as > some kerberos server hostnames and so on. The server hostname you're looking for is whatever the (primary) domain controller for your organization happens to be. Your admin should know this, since this is the same machine he/she uses to change ad settings, among other things. One way to check (on XP) is to go to Network Connections, right click on the connection, and select status. The support tab will have details on the ips of your dhcp, dns, and wins servers. It's pretty common for domain controllers to provide all three services. > I asked my admin and he told me that in windows everything is > automatic so you don't need to enter any hostnames and such things. Well, you will need the username and password of an account with administrative privleges on the network (not just the local machine). This is true for Windows and other OS. Aside from that, it is pretty much automatic on XP. > I have a dualboot Debian/winXP. Is there a way to extract all needed > information from the installed winXP? (it has joined the domain fine) > there is firewall installed in winXP and it could be used to find > servers but I don't know what ports to monitor. > > er, I have a feeling this might be wrong newsgroup for all these > questions.. if so, sorry > Nope, it's not. You might want to look into likewise open. It's pretty much dedicated to connecting a machine to AD as simply as possible. A good article: http://www.screenage.de/blog/2008/02/13/joining-an-active-directory-domain-with-ubuntu/ Yes, it's Ubuntu, but it's about building it from source. If you go to http://archives.likewisesoftware.com/likewise-open/src/ you can get a more recent version than what is used in the article. Aparently it can set things up with just "domainjoin-cli join AD_REALM ADMIN_ACCOUNT" which is pretty much how it is in XP. HTH, PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org
Re: Using terminal output as input
On Thu, 2009-05-14 at 20:29 -0300, tyler wrote: > Dotan Cohen writes: > > > I am using a Debian-based distro (Ubuntu). Often I need to use the > > output of one terminal command as the input for another. A classic > > example is the which command: > > $ which firefox > > /usr/bin/firefox > > $ > > This may be a stupid question, but what's the difference between firefox > and $(which firefox)? They both run the first executable named firefox > in your path, don't they? > > Tyler > > -- > What is wanted is not the will to believe, but the will to find out, > which is the exact opposite. --Bertrand Russell > > Which doesn't return shell builtins. For example: $ which test /usr/bin/test But if you actually run test (in bash at least), it's the shell's built in version, not /usr/bin/test. PaulNM
Grub, Raid, LVM
Hi Folks,
I've been dealing with a frustratingly vexing issue for a while, and am
at a loss on where to go next.
Basically, We have a 8x 3TB drive system that I'm trying to install
Wheezy on. During the install each drive is partitioned with a 1MB BIOS
Boot partition, followed by a RAID partition taking up the rest of the
space. The 8 RAID partitions are made into a RAID6 array (8 active, 0
spare), which is used for a volume group. Two logical volumes (for now)
are in there, for / and swap. (/ is ext4)
When ever I try to boot the system, I'm stuck at the grub rescue prompt
after Grub spits out "error: no such disk.". Doing ls shows all eight
drives (hd0) as well as their associated partitions (hd3,gpt2). Unlike
the multiple VMs of this setup that I've created on my laptop, there are
no (md) or (Logical-Volume-Name) entries. Prefix and Root are set to
(LV-OS), and attempts to set them to other values fail.
I've also attempted an identical install, but with a 200MB Raid
partition as the second partition, RAID1'd with ext2 /boot. No
difference. (Actually, the installer fails to use it. I've manually
copied the files and edited fstab. Updating/reinstalling grub afterwards
gets the same result.)
Every VM I've created works with no problems, but it always fails on
the actual hardware. Every theory I can come up with should also fail on
the VMs. Is there a way to make sure the bios boot partition is being
used? Would the fact that the physical install puts the usb drive as sda
be an issue? I've tried editing device.map and updating/reinstalling
grub, but no dice.
It seems to me that for some reason Grub can't get to it's raid related
modules. I've checked /boot/grub/grub.cfg. The auto-generated file does
contain all the insmod lines for raid, raid6rec,mdraid1x, lvm, a bunch
of part_gpt, and ext2.
Love to hear any ideas, no matter how far-fetched.
-PaulNM
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Re: Grub, Raid, LVM
On 11/09/2013 04:48 PM, Gary Dale wrote: > On 09/11/13 04:05 PM, PaulNM wrote: >> Hi Folks, >> >> I've been dealing with a frustratingly vexing issue for a while, >> and am >> at a loss on where to go next. >> >> Basically, We have a 8x 3TB drive system that I'm trying to install >> Wheezy on. During the install each drive is partitioned with a 1MB BIOS >> Boot partition, followed by a RAID partition taking up the rest of the >> space. The 8 RAID partitions are made into a RAID6 array (8 active, 0 >> spare), which is used for a volume group. Two logical volumes (for now) >> are in there, for / and swap. (/ is ext4) >> >> When ever I try to boot the system, I'm stuck at the grub rescue >> prompt >> after Grub spits out "error: no such disk.". Doing ls shows all eight >> drives (hd0) as well as their associated partitions (hd3,gpt2). Unlike >> the multiple VMs of this setup that I've created on my laptop, there are >> no (md) or (Logical-Volume-Name) entries. Prefix and Root are set to >> (LV-OS), and attempts to set them to other values fail. >> >> I've also attempted an identical install, but with a 200MB Raid >> partition as the second partition, RAID1'd with ext2 /boot. No >> difference. (Actually, the installer fails to use it. I've manually >> copied the files and edited fstab. Updating/reinstalling grub afterwards >> gets the same result.) >> >> Every VM I've created works with no problems, but it always fails on >> the actual hardware. Every theory I can come up with should also fail on >> the VMs. Is there a way to make sure the bios boot partition is being >> used? Would the fact that the physical install puts the usb drive as sda >> be an issue? I've tried editing device.map and updating/reinstalling >> grub, but no dice. >> >> It seems to me that for some reason Grub can't get to it's raid >> related >> modules. I've checked /boot/grub/grub.cfg. The auto-generated file does >> contain all the insmod lines for raid, raid6rec,mdraid1x, lvm, a bunch >> of part_gpt, and ext2. >> >> Love to hear any ideas, no matter how far-fetched. >> >> -PaulNM > > I know that Wheezy has no trouble booting from a RAID5 array occupying > the entire disk partition (i.e. the partitions start after the GPT and > occupy the entire rest of the disks). Thanks Gary, that worked for me as well in earlier test VMs prior to trying to install on the physical server. (Using RAID6) Everything I've read says Wheezy is perfectly capable of doing what I've set up, others have apparently done so, and it works perfectly fine in virtual machines. > > My md0 device is partitioned without using LVM. In fact I've never > really needed LVM so I can't comment on it. The partitions I have are > named like md0p1, md0p2, etc.. This of course requires that device md0 > has a partition table. > > > I'm confused by your comment that the installer fails to use the /boot > partition you created. If you tell the installer to use a partition as > /boot, it will do that. Yeah, it's weird. I've only tried a separate /boot twice. Once on the physical server, where I only noticed during troubleshooting that the /boot raid was empty, and the kernel/other files were in /boot on the rootfs. In the test VM afterwards, the installer did give a warning that it was unable to mount /boot. Maybe I missed it earlier? Anyway, I shouldn't need to use a separate boot, it works fine without it in VMs and other reports online. I only tried it for troubleshooting. > > RAID does of course require that /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf be populated with > the correct RAID information and that the initramfs has the necessary > modules. Grub also needs to be updated to include the correct boot > information. > > The lack of grub md names suggests that it doesn't know about your RAID > setup. update-initramfs -u && update-grub may fix that. Also, make sure > that grub is actually installed on the RAID array. Hmm, my first thought was initramfs only has to do with the kernel, and not grub. That said, maybe grub does look at the initramfs config for hints. Certainly worth a look the next time I have my hands on the hardware. I've installed grub to the harddrives, sdb to sdi, not just during install, but again via chroot after booting rescue mode from the installer. Still curious as to why it works fine in VMs, though. I'm even using SATA and not Virtio (KVM/Qemu), as well as identically sized "disks". Also still open to other ideas and suggestions to try. If nothing works the next time I'm on the hardware (likely Tuesday), we're going to just plug a usb flash drive in an internal usb port and use that for the OS. (*Really* hoping to avoid that, though.) -PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/527eb693.8080...@paulscrap.com
Re: Procedure to uninstall nvidia drivers and restore nouveau
On 11/12/2013 02:56 AM, Alex Naysmith wrote: > From the nvidia install procedure is the following command: > > # aptitude -r install linux-headers-$(uname -r|sed 's,[^-]*-[^-]*-,,') > nvidia-kernel-legacy-173xx-dkms > > I can see the pipe | symbol and the regular expressions but I don't > really understand what this command is doing. It installs the linux headers related to the currently running kernel. It takes the output of "uname -r" and pipes it to sed. Sed is doing a substitution, replacing the version numbers with nothing. For example, on my lubuntu system: paul@Serenity:~$ uname -r 3.11.0-13-generic paul@Serenity:~$ uname -r | sed 's,[^-]*-[^-]*-,,' generic paul@Serenity:~$ echo linux-headers-$(uname -r|sed 's,[^-]*-[^-]*-,,') linux-headers-generic I used echo instead of aptitude, since I don't want to actually install the package. From: http://www.gnu.org/software/sed/manual/html_node/The-_0022s_0022-Command.html "The syntax of the s (as in substitute) command is ‘s/regexp/replacement/flags’." From: http://www.grymoire.com/Unix/Sed.html#uh-6 I believe [^-] in the regular expression means globally match anything except a dash. I'm a little weak on sed (and awk), so I might be a little off on the specifics. I'm sure others will correct/elaborate for me. :) - PaulNM > > > Alex -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/5281ef6e.6080...@paulscrap.com
Re: Reboot After Systemd 215-5 Upgrade
On 09/28/2014 03:26 PM, Carlo wrote: > 2014-09-28 20:31 GMT+02:00 David Baron : >> Here 'tis: ~$ cat /etc/fstab >> # /etc/fstab: static file system information. >> # >> # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a >> # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices >> # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). >> # >> # >> # / was on /dev/sda1 during installation, now sda2 >> UUID=fca39bca-d795-4664-8c6f-cac459fbd468 / ext4 >> errors=remount-ro 0 1 >> # /home was on /dev/sda9 during installation >> UUID=2095d2ef-a14d-48ed-b3a5-aba40a27873e /home ext4defaults >> 0 2 >> # /tmp was on /dev/sda8 during installation >> UUID=dbe4a9c0-8c8a-450e-ad2a-480b419934e2 /tmpext4defaults >> 0 2 >> # /usr was on /dev/sda5 during installation >> UUID=61df1af1-f443-4a9d-aa66-dd13abaa5f3b /usrext4defaults >> 0 2 >> # /var was on /dev/sda6 during installation >> UUID=b8ad0d22-11c6-4840-8dca-6882459ce3ab /varext4defaults >> 0 2 >> # swap was on /dev/sda7 during installation >> UUID=d73c4cba-9bc3-40a5-b5b3-35770b8d5b9c noneswapsw >> 0 0 >> /dev/sr0/media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0 >> >> This is as generated by the installation except I moved the root partition >> to >> another disk. Refer to a current thread on the too-small partitions made by >> the installation. I changed the comment and the UUID. Everything else is by >> the installation. > > I know that systemd-remount-fs.service is an early-boot service that > applies mount options listed in fstab. > > I think there is a problem with this line -> > "UUID=fca39bca-d795-4664-8c6f-cac459fbd468 / ext4 > errors=remount-ro 0 1" because "errors=remount-ro" means > that / is in auto-mounting as READ ONLY. No, that means mount read-only if there are errors detected. Unless there is a separate "ro", it'll be mounted read-write normally. > while / should in READ-WRITE so you can replace the line with: > > "UUID=fca39bca-d795-4664-8c6f-cac459fbd468 / ext4 > rw,noatime,discard 0 1" > > after save the file /etc/fstab. > > Then reboot the system and watch if there is the same problem. > > This could be the reason which caused the systemd-remount-fs.service fail. > > Please take care while you make this little change. > > Good Luck. > > Cheers. > > - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/542868a5.2070...@paulscrap.com
Re: Let's have a vote!
On 09/28/2014 05:25 PM, Joe wrote: > On Sun, 28 Sep 2014 11:01:24 -0500 > John Hasler wrote: > > > An upgraded system is not necessarily identical to a new installation, > even to the point of not containing exactly the same packages. I first > noticed that with etch, when I made a new installation which should > have been the same as my own former sarge system, but wasn't quite. I > assume it's a matter of 'you can't get there from here' in a few minor > places. > It's more that Debian tries not to change things unless you ask it to. For example, if the default mail server were to change between releases. New installs would have the new default, while older ones would just upgrade the version of the mailserver you already have. It's entirely possible to use virtual packages to move people from the old default to the new during upgrades, but that would be incredibly bad practice. Debian aims for stability, even during upgrades between stable releases. -PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/54287eb2.5000...@paulscrap.com
Re: MP3 player compatible with Debian
On 10/04/2014 04:15 PM, John Holland wrote: > Its More Like 200$, But The fiio X3 is very nice.plays audiophile formats > like FLAC as well as mp3. Fiio is a Chinese company. > -- > John Holland > jholl...@vin-dit.org > gpg public key ID 0x9551CF2D > Respectfully, once you're getting above $100 USD, you're better off getting an cheap android phone/tablet. Plenty of free apps to play whatever formats you like, plus other capabilities. Just don't bother with connecting it to a cellular network. - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/54305817.9070...@paulscrap.com
Re: lvm: creating a snapshot
On 10/04/2014 04:09 PM, Don Armstrong wrote: > On Fri, 03 Oct 2014, Karl E. Jorgensen wrote: >> On Fri, Oct 03, 2014 at 08:43:06PM +0200, lee wrote: >>> Can I create a snapshot over the network on disks an another >>> machine? >> >> No > > You can, but not trivially. Use nbd, iscsi or similar to share a block > device over the network, and then use lvm on top of that. > The problem is the OP expects to make a snapshot of something in one pool, reside on a different pool. That's a mutually exclusive concept, regardless of what technology you're using. Just make a copy of the logical volume onto another volume group, or better yet, some other type of backup. Reading the OP's posts, I think they're a little confused about what volume groups are, and how to use logical volumes. There might also be some confusion over snapshot vs backup copy. It's hard to tell, because I think they mostly get the concepts involved. - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/54305a91.7020...@paulscrap.com
Re: /var partition seems locked or read only
On 07/25/2014 10:54 AM, berenger.mo...@neutralite.org wrote: > > > > First time I have exhausted inodes, but I never used apt-cacher-ng > previously, and it's quite obvious that a proxy+cache is very greedy in > terms of inodes. Not really. That's like saying the parking lot is greedy in terms of parking spots, after you just drove a bunch of cars into it. :) Inodes are files/folders, files/folders are inodes. (1-to-1) Anything that has a bunch of files/folders will use a bunch of inodes. Same number in fact. > The nice thing here is that I have learned a lot of this error, and > maybe someday I'll be able to help someone else in a similar situation, > or be able to understand better partition systems. Learning is good, keep it up. :) Others have already told you the long term fix (copy data, reformat, copy back), but there's another option. Inodes are a per-filesystem instance thing. If you can free at least 1 inode on /var, then you can: create a file mkfs.ext4 (or whatever) it, temporarily loopback mount it somewhere, move a large folder's (inode-wise) contents into it, umount it, add it to fstab, then remount. A bit complicated, but it's something you can do on the live system without external drives. Technically the loopback mounted file doesn't need to be inside /var, but you have plenty of storage space there, so why not use it. > > One of my defects is that I always try to tweak things... (with time > I've learned to not do that when the target is very important) but at > least it allows me to learn. By failures :) Yeah. Choosing the bigfile option when formating doesn't really save drive space. It does simplify the filesystem records a little as ther are fewer records to keep track of. In fact it can possibly end up using more space if you have a bunch of smaller files. If you do reformat /var, I wouldn't use xfs. As others have mentioned, it has a few oddities that can cause issues if you're not fully prepared. By all means create a sparsefile or regular loopback mount to play around with it, but for important stuff on your system, stick with what you know. - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/53d43cd2.8030...@paulscrap.com
Re: New 64bit Installation. Root partition too small--what to do?
On 07/27/2014 04:48 AM, Andrei POPESCU wrote:
> On Du, 27 iul 14, 11:39:52, David Baron wrote:
>>
>> The procedure would be simple and bulletproof:
>> Copy / to new partition (what is the best way to do this, preserving
>> symlinks
>> and other properties, not running afoul of /sys and such?).
>
> rsync -ax
That'll work fine on many systems. ("x" sticks to just the one
filesystem, and "a" for archive includes a bunch of other good options)
Even better is rsync -axHAXS
That preserves hardlinks, acls, extended attributes, and properly
handles sparse files.
I usually throw in a "v" for verbose, and "P" (Keeps partially copied
files and displays progress). "P" is especially useful if you have a
bunch of large files and expect to interrupt/resume the copy at times.
>
> To minimize downtime you can take advantage of rsync's incremental copy
> feature and do a first run with the system running and a second one with
> both partitions mounted from some other system (e.g. a live CD).
Also a great idea. In that case I'd add "--delete" to the options, as
that will remove files in the destination that no longer exist in the
source.
rsync -avxPHAXS --delete source destination
>
> Kind regards,
> Andrei
>
- PaulNM
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Re: Debian php5 (Can't get download when doing apt-update)
On 08/05/2014 02:55 PM, AW wrote: > On Tue, 5 Aug 2014 14:36:38 -0400 > Matthew Brown wrote: > > >- sources.list > ># > > > ># deb http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates main contrib > >deb-src http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates main contrib > > > ># deb http://packages.dotdeb.org stable all > >deb-src http://packages.dotdeb.org stable all > > > ># deb http://packages.dotdeb.org wheezy all > >deb-src http://packages.dotdeb.org wheezy all > > > ># deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ wheezy-updates main contrib > ># deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ wheezy-updates main contrib > > > ># deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian stable main > >deb-src http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian stable main > > > ># deb http://packages.dotdeb.org wheezy-php55 all > >deb-src http://packages.dotdeb.org wheezy-php55 all > > You need to delete the '#' in front of each 'deb' line... > Then issue the command: > sudo apt-get update > > Then issue the command: > sudo apt-get install php5 > > And probably: > sudo apt-get upgrade > > > --Andrew > While not directly related to your current issue, I suggest changing the instances of stable to wheezy. Otherwise you're in for a surprise once Jessie is released. -- PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/53e130b5.1090...@paulscrap.com
Re: Systemd: follow-up
On 08/07/2014 02:25 PM, Johann Spies wrote: > After rescuing two laptops which were unbootable after the installation > of systemd-sysfs I had problems with stuff as bluetooth and some of the > services. > > So I decided to do a clean install of stable and got going - until I > left my laptop for some hours to finish a job - and it would not react > to anything I did on the keyboard. I had to switch it off and restart If you're having issues under stable, then it has nothing to do with systemd. > it. I though it might only be a little hiccup so I went on working on > stable (although I could not get my wifi working). Then at one stage I > left it to build a package and when I returned, it finished the job and > was totally unresponsive. > This sounds more like hardware issues to me. Maybe overheating, RAM issues, or something else. > So I deciided at least I could work with testing and I did a > dist-upgrade to testing only to find that I could not boot. > What happens? Do you get a grub prompt, does the kernel start to boot? > So for now, after using Debian for many years on my laptop, I am going > to try something else. > > I would like to return to Debian when the systemd problems are sorted out. > Wheezy (stable) doesn't use systemd, though it is available as a technology preview. Testing and unstable can be run without it. There were hiccups earlier practically forcing systemd to be used unless you held back on updates, but not anymore. > I will continue using Debian on my server and two other computers where > fortunately I did not do a dist-upgrades. > > Regards > Johann > > -- > Because experiencing your loyal love is better than life itself, > my lips will praise you. (Psalm 63:3) - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/53e3d08d.7040...@paulscrap.com
Re: Systemd: follow-up
Hi, please reply to the list as I am subscribed. On 08/07/2014 05:56 PM, Johann Spies wrote: > For the sake of clarity: The failure to boot was on the dist-upgraded > system and was due to systemd.sysfs. I will not repeat what I said in my > previous thread about this (see 'Systemd waisted 5 hours of my time'). > > My installation of stable was exactly to escape the nightmares of > systemd.sysfs which caused every computer on which it was installed so > far not to be able to boot - not even in single user mode. > > As stable did not work out in this case, I tried with the clean > installation to upgrade to testing to see whether I could use systemd > without the previous problems, but the problems repeated itself. > > And I never said systemd was a problem on Wheezy. Read my email more > thoroughly please. I did read your email thoroughly. While it's true you didn't explicitly state you believed systemd caused issues on the stable install, it was strongly implied by the subject line and your final statement of "I would like to return to Debian when the systemd problems are sorted out.". At least two other people were under that impression as well. Also, I didn't want to assume you knew much about systemd. There's a bunch of misunderstanding about it going around at the moment, and there have been a few emails lately where systemd was blamed for issues it has nothing to do with. For all I knew, you could very well have been someone new to Linux/Debian and misunderstood what was happening. We're just trying to help. > > Regards > Johann > Take care, - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/53e3fc92.4060...@paulscrap.com
Re: Systemd: follow-up
On 08/07/2014 07:00 PM, Joel Rees wrote: > Cognitive dissonance? What are you referring to? > > On Fri, Aug 8, 2014 at 7:24 AM, PaulNM wrote: >> Hi, please reply to the list as I am subscribed. >> >> On 08/07/2014 05:56 PM, Johann Spies wrote: >>> For the sake of clarity: The failure to boot was on the dist-upgraded >>> system and was due to systemd.sysfs. I will not repeat what I said in my >>> previous thread about this (see 'Systemd waisted 5 hours of my time'). >>> >>> My installation of stable was exactly to escape the nightmares of >>> systemd.sysfs which caused every computer on which it was installed so >>> far not to be able to boot - not even in single user mode. >>> >>> As stable did not work out in this case, I tried with the clean >>> installation to upgrade to testing to see whether I could use systemd >>> without the previous problems, but the problems repeated itself. >>> >>> And I never said systemd was a problem on Wheezy. Read my email more >>> thoroughly please. >> >> I did read your email thoroughly. While it's true you didn't explicitly >> state you believed systemd caused issues on the stable install, it was >> strongly implied by the subject line and your final statement of "I >> would like to return to Debian when the systemd problems are sorted >> out.". At least two other people were under that impression as well. >> >> Also, I didn't want to assume you knew much about systemd. There's a >> bunch of misunderstanding about it going around at the moment, and there >> have been a few emails lately where systemd was blamed for issues it has >> nothing to do with. For all I knew, you could very well have been >> someone new to Linux/Debian and misunderstood what was happening. We're >> just trying to help. > > ? What are you confused about? - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/53e47d34.10...@paulscrap.com
Re: Troubles installing alongside Windows 8.1
On 08/28/2014 04:45 PM, Joe wrote: > On Thu, 28 Aug 2014 12:54:44 -0700 > "Kevin O'Gorman" wrote: > > >>> This was no help. Only one suggestion was new to me: disabling fast >> startup in Windows. I did that but see no difference. >> >> >> > That may have been inspired by something I originally posted, but > wouldn't be relevant here. The easily accessible Windows 8 shutdown > command does nothing of the sort, but goes into (I believe) standby to > RAM. It is necessary to dig into the Power entry in the charms to > actually turn off the power. Standby is OK when you know you will be > using the machine again within 24 hours or so and the battery is full. > Minor correction here: The fastboot is a hybrid hibernate, not suspension. The userspace stuff closes as in a normal shutdown, but then the OS hibernates and the system powers off. The OS/driver/services state is saved and restored from the hibernate file. It's not a normal hibernate, since the user stuff isn't saved, hence "hybrid". > The fast boot feature appears to be a dynamic initrd, which stores > pretty much the full OS state on disc at shutdown (having kept it in > a state of near-readiness at all times, otherwise the shutdown would > take forever) and allows a very fast boot. But this will only affect > what happens after the Windows boot code runs, and hence would not help > or hinder you here. > You are correct that it shouldn't affect bootloader selection. It's important if you plan to resize the windows partition or otherwise access it, though. - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/53ff980a.5090...@paulscrap.com
Automount /boot during updates.
Hi folks, I seem to remember hearing about a way to enable/disable the system mounting /boot whenever a package needs to install or read files from it, then unmount it again afterwards. (Like during kernel upgrades, for example.) I can't seem to find out how to do this, any pointers? - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/540804c4.8020...@paulscrap.com
Re: Random
On 09/22/2014 08:13 AM, Martin Read wrote: > On 22/09/14 07:55, David Baron wrote: >> The KMahjong with options set for random boards will always come up >> with the >> same pattern but the tiles will be differing/randomized. So this might >> be the >> intended. > > Nice catch. I grabbed the source package with "apt-get source kmahjongg" > and was able to find the actual cause of the bug in about a minute. I've > filed a bug report in the Debian BTS with my findings. > > For those interested, Martin's bug report is #762450. https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=762450 - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/54206e69.9000...@paulscrap.com
Re: Whats your way of sharing data between PCs?
On 09/22/2014 05:44 PM, Lisi Reisz wrote: > On Monday 22 September 2014 18:59:33 Joerg Desch wrote: >> Am Sun, 21 Sep 2014 11:45:23 +0200 schrieb Hans: >>>> Unison doesn't use rsync. As far as I know, Unison uses a rsync alike >>>> algorithm which is bidirectional, while rsync is only unidirectional. >>> >>> Nope, rsync is bidirectional, too. >> >> Are you shure? I'm only aware of the unidirectional sync. The man page >> tells me this as description: >> >> Rsync is a fast and extraordinarily versatile file copying tool. It >> can copy locally, to/from another host over any remote shell, or to/from >> a remote rsync daemon. >> >> Which option enables bidirectional syncing? How are conflicts handled? I >> could find the infos in the man page. > > Going purely by what you have written here: > > "It can copy locally to/from another host" etc. > > To ... one direction > From ... the other direction > > Bidirectional. > > Lisi > Bidirectional copying, yes. Not bidirectional syncing. Critical difference ... :) - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/54209975@paulscrap.com
Re: Whats your way of sharing data between PCs?
On 09/22/2014 05:56 PM, Lisi Reisz wrote: > On Monday 22 September 2014 22:49:41 PaulNM wrote: >> On 09/22/2014 05:44 PM, Lisi Reisz wrote: >>> On Monday 22 September 2014 18:59:33 Joerg Desch wrote: >>>> Am Sun, 21 Sep 2014 11:45:23 +0200 schrieb Hans: >>>>>> Unison doesn't use rsync. As far as I know, Unison uses a rsync alike >>>>>> algorithm which is bidirectional, while rsync is only unidirectional. >>>>> >>>>> Nope, rsync is bidirectional, too. >>>> >>>> Are you shure? I'm only aware of the unidirectional sync. The man page >>>> tells me this as description: >>>> >>>> Rsync is a fast and extraordinarily versatile file copying tool. >>>> It can copy locally, to/from another host over any remote shell, or >>>> to/from a remote rsync daemon. >>>> >>>> Which option enables bidirectional syncing? How are conflicts handled? I >>>> could find the infos in the man page. >>> >>> Going purely by what you have written here: >>> >>> "It can copy locally to/from another host" etc. >>> >>> To ... one direction >>> From ... the other direction >>> >>> Bidirectional. >>> >>> Lisi >> >> Bidirectional copying, yes. Not bidirectional syncing. >> >> Critical difference ... :) > > Ah! Thanks. > > Lisi > > Perhaps a better way to explain it for all present is that rsync can copy/sync in either direction, but it's Master-Slave syncing. Unison is Peer-Peer. Hence the need for conflict handling and other related stuff. I've used Unison before, for an employer's remote office to sync project files. That was years ago though, I'm sure it's even better now. Other alternatives are Dropbox, SpiderOak, OwnCloud, and BTSync. All have benefits and downsides when compared to one another. Some require centralized "Master" storage that you may or may not control, others don't. Some are opensource, others not so much. Some let you control the encryption, so even they can't see your files. To answer the OP, I use BTSync (Bittorrent Sync). It's very lightweight, supports multiple OS's and architectures, is pretty easy to configure, and doesn't require a "master" server to upload to first. I have it installed on my Linode server just so there's at least one computer running it all the time, but that's optional. It also doesn't require messing with firewalls to allow over the internet syncing. It used the DHT network to let your clients find each other, but the actual file transfers are direct and encrypted, without passing through other systems. It's not open source, though. I've experimented with OwnCloud in the past. Since my Linode is on 24/7, the master server requirement isn't as big of a deal. It's not as lightweight as BTSync, and the Android client isn't free. That said there are a bunch of other nice features like being able to log into the server and preview/download/upload stuff. It was several revisions ago, I believe OwnCloud has improved a fair bit since then. Questions for the OP: Is the Desktop always on? If so, it could be the master server. Do you want to sync even if the laptops are not home, not just have copies of the files on them? Do you want the laptops to sync with each other if the desktop isn't around? -PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/5420aa50.5080...@paulscrap.com
Re: Let's have a vote!
On 09/26/2014 03:05 PM, Miles Fidelman wrote: > Stephen Allen wrote: >> On Fri, Sep 26, 2014 at 11:27:54AM -0400, Miles Fidelman wrote: >> As has been stated many times here - A GR was tried but not enough >> seconds to carry on. > > Actually, no - I've been following this, and related threads, from the > beginning - I have not seen anybody actually mention that a GR was > tried. Do you have a reference? > Not in this particular thread, but it was brought up frequently awhile back when things first started "blowing up" over the systemd decision. Part of the difficultly of "discussing" systemd issues is that there are enough bad actors glossing over or ignoring things that people get tired of pointing it out. It gets really difficult to tell the reasonable people apart, and can be draining for those who get involved. In regards to the decision to make systemd the default: The technical committee was asked to make a decision, and they did. It was not a person or small group of people who just up and decided to change things and force it on others. There are ways to override that decision, you just need enough dd's to vote that way. However, no one can get enough dd's to vote on even *having* a vote on the issue. (Memory might be off, but I think you only need 5 people for that?) Clearly a full vote would be a huge waste of time. Despite that, there are still several people screaming that the decision was a takeover, that some dd's are corporate shills, that choice is being completely taken away, and/or using fancy words like oligarchy. (Presumably because it's less inflammatory than tyranny?) My own personal/technical thoughts have gone back and forth on systemd. However even when I firmly believed that is was the wrong way to go and would cause major issues down the line, it was still clear to me that many people were seriously going overboard. Can we all just calm down a bit? Writing this already takes a lot for me, so I'm not going to dredge up the various links myself (they can be found elsewhere in the list or via search engines). Debian has a long and very clear document on the site explaining why the decision went the way it did. Others have posted links to the serious issues the current init system has, and how they're getting worse. Systemd is much more than just an init system, so there's a bunch of other good technical benefits to using it. (Including security and stability benefits.) Yes, there were problems with switching in Debian, but people forget 2 things: 1: Debian testing is just that, testing. There have been innumerable times in the past where having to transition systems has resulted in temporary breakage. (Like moving to new major versions of KDE/Gnome/glibc/etc.) Just because you personally haven't experienced issues running testing doesn't mean it doesn't happen. Granted most of the time they didn't result in a non-bootable system, but then most of the time they don't involve stuff crucial to booting. 2: Jessie is nearing it's initial freeze, so there was more of a rush to get things switched over so proper troubleshooting could happen. The end result is there was a short time (a week?) where those who didn't want systemd had to avoid updates until the shim was fixed. (And that issue wasn't even caused by systemd change, but a kernel change.) Other issues have popped up, but that's a normal part of the process. That said, I understand and agree that there are technical downsides as well. For example, there is a little too much integration within systemd itself, however that's mostly a result of the maintainer's attitudes/viewpoints. And yes, it does worry that the creators/maintainers seem to be somewhat hostile/clueless. Normally that's an excellent reason to avoid something. In this case though, there are numerous benefits that override that concern. The major reason why I'm not too worried about that last point is that I have faith in the opensource ecosystem. (Not great phrasing, but best I could come up with.) Now that Debian is using it to a good extent, along with most other distributions, systemd has become an important (maybe even critical?) part of our infrastructure. We've seen what happens when developers grow uninvolved in the users and distros needs. Things get forked. Xfree86 and OpenOffice are just a couple of examples of this. OO in particular showed how distros used a common set of patches to fix things the developers didn't care about. The moment an alternative showed up that was willing to just take the patches, the distros switched over. Systemd is a decent base with problems, but it *is* fixable provided there's a steward to allow them. Honestly, I wouldn't be surprised if within a year or two it was forked and all the distros j
Re: apt-get doesn't upgrade, but synaptic does
On 04/11/2014 12:04 AM, Patrick Bartek wrote: > > Now, if "they" could come up with an efficient and effective way to > uninstall/purge stuff installed via a metapackage. Or maybe there is > and I just haven't found it. ;-) > apt-get autoremove > B > > - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/5347703e.2060...@paulscrap.com
Re: apt-get doesn't upgrade, but synaptic does
On 04/10/2014 04:56 PM, Patrick Bartek wrote: > > Dist-upgrade installs the NEWER version of a file(s) and its > dependencies, and removes the OLD version. That is, v1.0 to v2.0. > Upgrade does v1.0 to v1.1 as well a security and bug fixes. Check the > versions of what was going to be installed against what was initially > installed. Also, check the held-back files against what > dist-upgrade would have installed. Any match up namewise? > No, upgrade/safe-upgrade will replace any packages with the newest version available in the repositories, regardless of whether it's a major or minor version. What it won't do is remove any packages. So if upgrading foo requires bar to be removed in order to satisfy dependencies, foo won't be upgraded. Dist-upgrade/full-upgrade will remove package to satisfy dependencies. Debian does avoid major version changes in stable and old-stable. That's a matter of repository policies though, not an apt/aptitude thing. Testing and Sid regularly see major version upgrades, by design. > > B > > - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/534774f6.2030...@paulscrap.com
Re: apt-get doesn't upgrade, but synaptic does
On 04/11/2014 09:28 PM, Patrick Bartek wrote: > On Fri, 11 Apr 2014, PaulNM wrote: > >> On 04/11/2014 12:04 AM, Patrick Bartek wrote: >>> >>> Now, if "they" could come up with an efficient and effective way to >>> uninstall/purge stuff installed via a metapackage. Or maybe there >>> is and I just haven't found it. ;-) >>> >> >> apt-get autoremove > > Know about autoremove, but that's not what I meant. For example, let's > say I install libreoffice using the metapackage libreoffice. > > 'apt-get install libreoffice' > > Fine. Everything is installed. Now, sometime later, I want to > uninstall or purge libreoffice from the system. 'apt-get purge > libreoffice' won't do it. I've done tests, and as far as I can tell > little or nothing is removed. It seems the only way is to > uninstall/purge each component individually and/or by using wildcards. That's because the component is a dependency of something else, On a testing VM I have: "sudo apt-get purge libreoffice" purges libreoffice then "sudo apt-get autoremove" removes fonts-sil-gentium fonts-sil-gentium-basic libreoffice-report-builder-bin One of the things "left behind" is libreoffice-writer, but: paul@debguis2:~$ aptitude why libreoffice-writer i gnome Depends libreoffice-writer | abiword (>= 2.8) See, libreoffice-writer is needed by gnome. When I remove gnome, libreoffice-writer (along with a bunch of other packages) wants to be removed by an autoremove run. Libreoffice is a bad example for this because alot of things use parts of it. Removing kde-full results in over 500 packages being removed on the "apt-get autoremove" run afterwards. > > Wouldn't it make sense for the metapackage to uninstall as well? It > would certainly make things easier. > No, because there's no way for the metapackage to know if any of the packages are dependencies of something else, or are otherwise needed (manually installed). That's the job of the package manager. If you really want to be sure, look into gtkorphan/deborphan. That'll also be useful on older installs that started before apt kept track of whether a package was automatically installed or not. > > B - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/5348c062.7020...@paulscrap.com
Re: best way to backup USB stick (2)
On 04/13/2014 10:16 PM, Hugo Vanwoerkom wrote: > Hi, > > So I got a script that backs up the USB stick to a file and restores a > (larger) USB stick from that file all using dd. It is here: > > http://paste.debian.net/93598 > That's small enough that you should have included it in the email, in my opinion. > the relevant parts are the backup: > > dd conv=notrunc,noerror bs=4096 if=$usbDrive | gzip > $backupFilename > > and the restore: > > gzip -dc $backupFilename | dd of=$usbDrive > > Makes perfect copy AFAICT, but it does not boot and the original USB > stick does. Completes w/o errors. > > Can any dd expert tell me what I am doing wrong? Actually, the really relevant part is the variable definitions. Specifically: usbDrive=/dev/sde1 You're not backing up and restoring usb drives, you're backing up and restoring a partition on usb drives. The partition table and bootloader aren't handled by your script. No bootloader=no booting. :) I'd suggest getting the whole device (/dev/sde) unless you're planning to restore to a drive with other partitions you want to preserve. > > Hugo > > Another suggestion: Look into ddrescue (package name is gddrescue). It's more flexible when dealing with drives that have problems. - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/534b59a0.40...@paulscrap.com
Re: Heartbleed
On 04/17/2014 05:17 PM, John Hasler wrote: >> Take for example current controversies over services >> like Amazon and Google and the "filter bubble": Do you consider it >> harmful for them to tailor your experience to their estimate of what you > > They are not given the opportunity to do so. Participation in such > systems is optional. In this they differ fundamenally from government > surveillance. > >> Should the fact that I browsed over Marx' "Das Kapital" mean that >> subsequent searches for Economics and Social Philosophy will bury >> "Socialism" by von Mises so deep I won't see it? Some think it nifty >> while it scares the hell out of others. > > Some can participate. Others can choose not to. No one is required to > have a Google account. Your browser won't pass cookies and webbugs > around if you tell it not to. > "Optional" for now. More and more these entities are moving away from using the browser to store identifying info. https://panopticlick.eff.org http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_fingerprint - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/53504c1b.1020...@paulscrap.com
Re: jigdo have 10 DVDs, and HTTP/FTP only 3
On 05/02/2014 09:12 AM, berenger.mo...@neutralite.org wrote: > Hi. > > I was intrigued few days ago to notice the 10 DVDs available from jigdo. > In my memory, debian was only 3 DVDs... but I thought that it was > because stuff were bigger than before, or that there could be more > packages. > > Now, trying to fetch the hashes, I used the FTP/HTTP page, and there are > only 3 DVDs. I guess those are not the same ones, so those hashes are > not usable, but it's not my question. > > What is the content difference between jigdo and http ISOs? ( I know > what is jigdo and how it works, my question is about the content of the > ISOs. ) > Respectfully, if you're asking this, then you don't understand how jigdo works. What you asked is like asking what's the difference between the http and bittorrent versions. Nothing, it's just a different way of getting the iso. Each approach has pluses and minuses compared to one another. In the case of jigdo, you download most of the iso via Debian package mirrors. The benefit being that if you already have a local/fast mirror, you're only downloading a few MB from the internet for the templates. Also, old images can be used to build newer ones, so you're only downloading the changes. It's worth noting that jigdo pre-dates bittorent, at the time it was conceived, there really wasn't any other way to distribute the load of new releases efficiently. Personally I found it to be a brilliant and really cool idea. Even with bittorent being available now, jidgo is still very useful. -- PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/5363a3e3.5030...@paulscrap.com
Re: Filespace exhaustion on '/' partition
On 05/11/2014 04:46 PM, Carl Johnson wrote: > > Another possibility to look into is that there might be files under your > mount points. For example, you might have saved files under /usr on > your root filesystem, but later mounted a /usr filesystem on top without > deleting the files in the original filesystem. The only way that I know > of to check that would be to check one filesystem at a time in single > user mode, or from a live CD. > That's a good point. You could just mount the rootfs read-only somewhere else. That way you can look at it while the system is still live. - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/536fe44d.2040...@paulscrap.com
Re: kde purge unsuccessful?
On 06/16/2014 07:27 PM, tom arnall wrote: > what are these k* apps about? i don't want any part of kde on my > system and thought i had removed it completely, but i see: kdevtmpfs. > and have suspicions about other names in the list. > > top - 16:22:44 up 3 min, 2 users, load average: 0.33, 0.52, 0.24 > Tasks: 123 total, 2 running, 121 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie > 2 root 20 0 000 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd > 3 root 20 0 000 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.03 ksoftirqd/0 > 4 root 20 0 000 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kworker/0:0 > 5 root 20 0 000 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/u:0 > 9 root 20 0 000 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/1:0 >10 root 20 0 000 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 ksoftirqd/1 >11 root 20 0 000 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.22 kworker/0:1 >14 root 0 -20 000 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 khelper >15 root 20 0 000 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kdevtmpfs > > Think (k)ernel, not (k)de. - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/539f8fbf.9060...@paulscrap.com
Re: Iptables
On 06/27/2014 02:00 PM, Diogene Laerce wrote: > > >> Please don't hijack an existing thread when you open a new topic. You >> have done this twice on this thread which was originally titled >> "Resizing LVM issue". > > I didn't or at least not on purpose. I just reply to the list on a > random message and make a new topic of it for light convenience. I > didn't know it could do any harm. And actually, I even don't understand > how you can know that ? Please explain, I will sleep a bit light less > dumber tonight. ;) > It's in the email headers. Look at at the whole header sometime, there's quite a bit of info in there. In Thunderbird/IceDove : View -> Headers -> All Among many, many other things, you'll see "In reply to". There's also a host of list related stuff like "List-Id" and "List-Unsubscribe" headers. List-Id in particular is useful to use for filtering. In Thunderbird/IceDove you'll have to add it as a custom header when setting up the filter, but it's *way* better than trying to filter by the contents of the subject line or to address. Oh, there's also "User-Agent", which is how I know you use IceDove. :) > Thanks to all for stopping by. :) > Thanks for staying. :) - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/53adb99a.9090...@paulscrap.com
Re: Iptables
On 06/27/2014 03:31 PM, Diogene Laerce wrote:
>
>
> On 06/27/2014 08:36 PM, PaulNM wrote:
>> In Thunderbird/IceDove you'll have to add it as a custom header when
>> setting up the filter, but it's *way* better than trying to filter by
>> the contents of the subject line or to address.
>
> I saw it but I don't understand how it could be *way* better than using
> the address for filtering. And actually how do you use this ?
>
The Wanderer listed quite a few good reasons, including some I hadn't
thought of. Previously, I had to create filters moving messages based
on subject. For example, some lists I'm on prepend every email's subject
line with {ListName}. A problem is when I forward a message to a
friend, their reply would get filtered into the folder I use for the
mailing list, even though it never went to the mailing list. List-Id
based filtering makes it obvious when someone replies directly to you.
Real fun comes when someone forwards a message from one mailing list to
another. If they both do the above subject line munging, and you have
filters for both, the things get "interesting". All messages end up in
whichever filter runs first, regardless of actual mailing list origin.
Also, many technically-oriented mailing lists (like Debian's) don't do
that, as they try to avoid mail munging.
In the Thunderbird/IceDove new filter dialog box, the default is to
match on subject. If you click on "subject", at the very bottom of the
list is "Customize". That brings in a box where you can add headers to
filter by. After that point, it'll show up in the same list as
Subject/From/Body/etc.
>
>> Oh, there's also "User-Agent", which is how I know you use IceDove. :)
>
> In fact, I use outlook express but it sends the icedove signature to
> look cool. The Oedipe complex I guess..
>
>
Odd, I just double-checked. All of your messages to the list in June are
similar, the only difference being a minor version bump. I suspect you
were joking?
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:24.0) Gecko/20100101 Icedove/24.5.0
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:24.0) Gecko/20100101 Icedove/24.6.0
For those interested, there's a pretty neat extension (Display Mail User
Agent) that'll put a large icon in the header area of the screen showing
what email client the sender used. It's slightly out of date, so some
of the icon are a little old. There's a way to use a .csv to change the
icons if you really want to, though.
- PaulNM
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Re: Unable to change shell and add groups
Apologies if some of this seems obvious to you, but figured I'd check anyway. On 12/06/2013 05:16 AM, shawn wilson wrote: > $ chsh -s /bin/zsh ag4ve > Password: > $ grep ag4ve /etc/passwd > ag4ve:x:1008:1008::/home/ag4ve:/bin/zsh Just checking: You did logout then back in at this point, right? If not, then what follows is expected as your current session would still use the "old" environment. > $ echo $SHELL > /bin/bash > $ readlink /proc/$$/exe > /bin/bash > $ cat /etc/debian_version > 6.0.8 > $ grep zsh /etc/shells > /bin/zsh > /usr/bin/zsh > Another question: Are you sure you've actually logged out, and not reconnecting to long running sessions via screen/tux/whatever? If this is a desktop with GUI, make sure you're logging out and not just suspending/sleeping/hibernating. Something else to try (if you have physical access to the system) is switching to another virtual console after making the change, and logging into there and see what you get. What happens when you type "exit" when you login after making the change? If something is starting a bash shell after you login (as Scott suggested), "exit" should quit that and leave you running in the parent zsh shell. Otherwise it should log you out. At least this way we could narrow down where the problem is happening. -PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/52a20cda.3090...@paulscrap.com
Re: Can't find cmake package
On 12/09/2013 08:13 PM, Don Grimm wrote: > Thanks. I now know what CC means. > > However, adding the two lines to /sources.list /did not help. > I have added all four lines from the advice of Tom H. and I still get > *E: Package 'cmake' has no installation candidate. > > *Let's keep trying. > * > * Did you do an "apt-get update"? Adding the line tells apt about new repositories, but apt won't know what packages are available in them until it downloads their indexes. That's what update does. - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/52a67665.1030...@paulscrap.com
Re: Maximum RAM
On 12/12/2013 02:11 AM, David Guntner wrote: > Scott Ferguson grabbed a keyboard and wrote: >> On 12/12/13 17:42, erosenb...@hygeiabiomedical.com wrote: >>> Dear List - >>> >>> I am running 32 bit sid with a pae kernel. What is the maximum RAM that >>> can be used? >> >> 64GB > > Really? As I understand it, a 32-bit operating system cannot address > more than 4G of memory. > > What am I missing here? > > --Dave You're missing that it's a complete fallacy. Pretty much any processor from the Pentium Pro and up support PAE, and thus 64GB of RAM. Microsoft decided not to support that on the 32-bit versions of their consumer operating systems, but there's no technical reason preventing a 32-bit OS from using more than 4GB. (I mention MS because that's where most people I talk to get this idea from.) Provided the motherboard supports it, that is. :) -PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/52a964fc.3090...@paulscrap.com
Re: Maximum RAM
On 12/12/2013 02:49 AM, Scott Ferguson wrote: > > Which distro ships a pae kernel with highmem64G *disabled* in the > default .config? > I can confirm both kernels on my up-to-date Debian Wheezy 32-bit install have it enabled. linux-image-3.2.0-4-486 linux-image-3.2.0-4-686-pae I'm pretty sure the only sensible case to disabling it would be in embedded installs where every kilobyte matters. -PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/52a972d7.6050...@paulscrap.com
Re: Maximum RAM
On 12/12/2013 02:41 AM, Christian Groessler wrote: > On 12/12/13 08:32, Jean-Marc wrote: >> Like PailNM said, not implemented in Microsoft O/S. > > > How come, everyone is thinking so? > > Of course, it's implemented. > > regards, > chris > > Check this: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa366778(v=vs.85).aspx It's also thoroughly documented elsewhere. as well. All Microsoft 32-bit consumer OS's are limited to 4GB RAM, if not less. Some of their 32-bit server OS's are also limited to 4GB, though some can go higher depending on the license. -PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/52a973ff.5030...@paulscrap.com
Re: Maximum RAM
On 12/12/2013 03:36 AM, Ralf Mardorf wrote: > On Thu, 2013-12-12 at 03:29 -0500, PaulNM wrote: >> All Microsoft 32-bit consumer OS's are limited to 4GB RAM, if not >> less. > > IIRC 3.75 GiB, we already made the mistake and used the term GB instead > of GiB ;). > Well. Whether GB instead of GiB is a mistake or not depends on your point of view, of course. :) -PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/52a97801.6000...@paulscrap.com
Re: gdm3 issue
On 12/13/2013 10:03 AM, Tom H wrote: > On Tue, Dec 10, 2013 at 1:57 AM, Ralf Mardorf > wrote: >> On Tue, 2013-12-10 at 02:25 +0100, Ralf Mardorf wrote: >>> On Mon, 2013-12-09 at 19:08 +, Tom H wrote: >>>> >>>> The Ubuntu-created grub.cfg cannot be blamed for a GDM problem. If GDM >>>> is being launched, grub's job has been done many seconds ago. >>> >>> This seems to be true here, but you're mistaken, a boot option could >>> still cause something when a DE session already is running, e.g. >>> "threadsirq", "noatime", sure, "noatime" won't brake something, but >>> "threadirqs" at least could slow down GUI performance, assumed it's a >>> lowlatency kernel. >> >> PS: Let alone options such as e.g. "single" ;). > > The "single" kernel cmdline option would never launch GDM. > I believe that was his point, and the reason for the smiley ;). Most would say preventing something from happening is a form of affecting it. -PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/52ab3505.5080...@paulscrap.com
Re: Debian Wheezy Compromised - www-data user is sending 1000 emails an hour
On 12/24/2013 03:00 AM, Raffaele Morelli wrote: > > 2013/12/24 Reco mailto:recovery...@gmail.com>> > > Hi. > > On Tue, 24 Dec 2013 08:47:17 +0100 > Raffaele Morelli <mailto:raffaele.more...@gmail.com>> wrote: > > > I think you should read man pages on shells and privileges first > and what a > > user can do. > > Can you elaborate please how exactly serving root-owned file with > apache is a bad thing for security? > > > php script is owned by root -> full system access No, php script *RUN* by root -> full system access php script run by www-data -> access to what www-data has access to. Owner/Group/Other permissions only affect who has access to the file/folder, not the kind of access the file (process) itself has when run. Two very different concepts. The exceptions being the setuid and setgid bits, as mentioned by others. Those set the user ID/group ID of the process, regardless of who runs it. Regular users *can* set those bits, but *can't* chown anything to root. They also can't change permissions (including the setuid/setgid bits) unless they're the owner, even if they're in the group and the file has 777 permissions. paul@Serenity:~$ ls -alh PermTest-* -rw-r--r-- 1 paul paul 0 Dec 24 03:32 PermTest-1.sh -rwxrwxrwx 1 root paul 0 Dec 24 03:32 PermTest-2.sh paul@Serenity:~$ chmod 4644 PermTest-1.sh paul@Serenity:~$ chmod 4644 PermTest-2.sh chmod: changing permissions of ‘PermTest-2.sh’: Operation not permitted paul@Serenity:~$ ls -alh PermTest-* -rwSr--r-- 1 paul paul 0 Dec 24 03:32 PermTest-1.sh -rwxrwxrwx 1 root paul 0 Dec 24 03:32 PermTest-2.sh Executables run with the permissions of the user running it, the file permissions on the executable limit/allow *who* may run it. - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/52b948f5.7030...@paulscrap.com
Re: Debian Wheezy Compromised - www-data user is sending 1000 emails an hour
On 12/24/2013 04:37 AM, Reco wrote: > Hi. > > On Tue, 24 Dec 2013 09:59:39 +0100 > Raffaele Morelli wrote: >> Yes, I missed this point. >> >> BTW, as I don't want to rewrite someone else system security rules, let's >> say that: MY best practice is to have www-data or any other NON-root user >> as the scripts owner. > > So, basically you're allowing any php script to rewrite any php script > with an arbitrary contents. An interesting policy, to say the least. > > Reco > I'll say this much, there's nothing wrong with setting a non-root user as owner, provided www-data (or whoever apache/php runs as) can't write to the file(s). I've seen and done it before. While a good discussion can be had about root vs alt-user ownership, lets not lose sight of the main point here: Don't let the process *serving* the files have *write* access to them unless absolutely necessary. I've helped someone clean up a compromised install where .htaccess was edited. It was a php script vulnerability in an extremely out-of-date Wordpress install that let the attacker redirect any 404's to a drive-by-download site. Had .htaccess been owned by someone else, this type of attack wouldn't have been possible. Had the directories been owned by someone else, the attackers also wouldn't be able to add their own scripts/files either. Of course, all that alternate-owner stuff assumes the group www-data only has read access. If you give the group write access, it really doesn't matter much who the owner is. :) Generally, I only let www-data have write access to temp and/or upload directories if the CMS requires it. On the self-updating CMS's, I have a simple script to change the permissions to www-data for the update/upgrades, than another to change them back (usually to root) afterwards. Minor inconvenience, but still way easier than manual upgrades. :) - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/52b95c3e.8040...@paulscrap.com
Re: Debian Wheezy Compromised - www-data user is sending 1000 emails an hour
On 12/24/2013 04:34 AM, Reco wrote: > Hi. > snip > > I'm not Paul, but that's simple. > Setuid bit is ignored for scripts. > > The reason for it is - the only thing that's able to spawn a process is > an executable, which has certain format (ELF for Linux, possibly a.out > - that depends on a kernel configuration). > > Every time you execute a script, you, in fact, are invoking script > interpreter (probably /bin/sh in this case), which, in turn, > executes your script. > > So, to make your script work you can: > > a) Bad idea. > > Set suid bit on an appropriate script interpreter. > > b) So-so idea. > > Write your own BINARY executable and set suid bit on it. > > c) Good idea. > > Use sudo(1). > > Reco > Something your message reminded me of: In a webserver environment, suid/guid doesn't really matter, even if they did work on scripts. The apache/php process is reading the file's contents and running what's in it, not directly running it as a program or script via the shell. That's why php scripts are usually -rw-r--r-- and not -rwxr-xr-x. The executable bit, like setuid/setgid, is interpreted by the shell. In that situation, it only matters that the process owner can read the file. - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/52b95f62.5020...@paulscrap.com
Re: Best SFTP (w/chroot): vsftpd vs mysecureshell vs other ??
On 01/03/2014 05:14 PM, Bob Goldberg wrote: > ADDENDUM: > forget about vsftp - this package has NOTHING WHAT-SO-EVER to do with SFTP. > WTH were they thinking when they named that package!? > Well, Very Secure FTP (vsftp) was initially released back in Feb of 2001. The sftp protocal does technically predate that, but apparently was just a little-used proprietary protocol for awhile. Wikipedia shows some IETF Internet Drafts from 2001, but I doubt it was well known at the time. > so my question now very simply becomes: > what do demanding admin's choose as a preferred SFTP server, that allows > chrooting WITH group "w" access > Wish I could help with that, but I've only ever used openssh's implementation, and without chrooting for that matter. - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/52c741e7.9070...@paulscrap.com
Re: GPT + RAID + boot
On 01/07/2014 03:20 PM, Joe Pfeiffer wrote: snip > > Booting with the bios_grub flag set, my raid array isn't assembled > properly: the partition with bios_grub set isn't added into the array > (fortunately, my other disk is good!). > > So: how can I go about setting up my new disk so I will have a two-disk > RAID array if both disks are good, and be able to boot with a degraded > array in the event of either disk failing? > Well, bios_grub and raid aren't flags. They're partition types. The gpt layout doesn't have as much spare room in it as the older mbr. Creating a small bios_grub partition gives some space for grub to install parts of itself. You need to create a small (recommend 1MB) partition for bios_grub, then the rest of the drive can be a linux raid partition. - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/52cc79c5.6010...@paulscrap.com
Re: Viber on Debian
On 01/24/2014 07:35 PM, Man_Without_Clue wrote: > Hi all, > > Has anyone successfully installed Viber opn Debian? > > Completely lost man > Hey, I wrote the following as a basic troubleshooting guide. Scott was right, though. You really should have put more info in your first email, at least letting us know that you were able to install it, but clicking on the menu item didn't bring up anything. This list may have very few people using a particular program, but it's full of great troubleshooters. So, I went ahead and tried it out on a Debian Wheezy VM I have. First, I'd like to point out their linux support probably isn't that great. The site says almost nothing about linux, and strongly implies it *doesn't* have a linux client. It took a little hunting around to find the software. (It's "Viber for desktop") For me, "sudo dpkg -i viber.deb" went fine, and it showed up in the "Internet" section of the menu. Clicking on it produced no feedback, even after several tries. The first thing I try in these kind of situations is to run it in a terminal. (This is something several people would have suggested if your original email had given more info.) That didn't work, I got "command not found". So I went back to the menu, looked at the properties of the Viber link, and discovered it's supposed to run "/usr/share/viber/Viber.sh". Running *that* in a terminal gives a useful error message: "/usr/share/viber/Viber: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.14' not found (required by /usr/share/viber/Viber)". Putting "glibc in Debian" in a search engine tells me stable/Wheezy has glibc 2.13, while testing/Jessie currently has 2.17. Clearly Wheezy's GLIBC is too old. So I tried it in my up-to-date Debian Testing/Jessie VM. Sure enough it now still doesn't work. I did get a flicker of a window outline, but nothing else. Running /usr/share/viber/Viber.sh just returned "Segmentation fault". That's pretty much where I stop with something I'm not invested in. :) I did read /usr/share/viber/Viber.sh, it just runs /usr/share/viber/Viber after making sure it can access some libraries in /usr/share/viber. Nothing fancy. I also tried using strace, but didn't get info that was useful for me (I'm not that used to strace output). I'd suggest dropping Viber and using something far better supported. But what if that's not an option? The first thing most people (especially those less experienced) will ask is "Can I upgrade GLIBC to a newer version?". Technically yes, but it's a really bad idea to do so on an important system. Glibc is used by almost everything, so problems with that can mess up the system in odd ways. The other option is to run things in a virtual machine, linux container, or chroot. That's abit complicated to get into here, but it's worth a try. We know that in this case, testing/Jessie doesn't work, so perhaps try a Wheezy install with updated glibc that's only used to run Viber? Seriously though, I don't think it's worth the effort. Especially since their support section doesn't acknowledge they even *have* a linux client. - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/52eddb89.6050...@paulscrap.com
Re: http.debian.net hash sum mismatch
On 02/04/2014 01:53 AM, Rick Thomas wrote: > > On Feb 3, 2014, at 8:37 PM, Scott Ferguson > wrote: > >> Mirrors were updating a couple of days ago and if you tried to use >> one during the updating period you would get errors. Could be the problem. > > What would it take to make a mirror update atomically? For example, download > all the updates, get everything staged and ready to go but not yet visible to > http clients, then at the flip of a switch, have all the updates become > visible at once, perhaps with some kind of a "callback" to the currently > active clients to tell them that things have changed and they should re-get > everything. Maybe LVM snapshots would be helpful here? It wouldn't take anything, if the mirror is following the directions on http://www.debian.org/mirror/ftpmirror Specifically "MUST perform a 2-stage sync" which is to avoid this very problem. "Rationale: if archive mirroring is done in a single stage, there will be periods of time during which the index files will reference files not yet mirrored." > > It would require some re-thinking of the protocol used by apt-get/aptitude -- > to be sure the stuff you just downloaded is still current and hasn't been > changed by an update while you were downloading... and minimize wasted > effort by recognizing an update as early as possible. > I politely disagree on this point, this is something well outside of a package manager's jurisdiction. It's up to the mirror to say what's available. Another thing to look at is if there are any proxy/caching servers involved that may be serving old versions of the indexes. > Just a thought... > > Rick > Its a good thought, that's why the maintainers ask mirrors do this this way. :) - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/52f0a40d.5060...@paulscrap.com
Re: upgrade problem
On 02/05/2014 04:16 PM, Roelof Wobben wrote: > When I did today apt-get dist-upgrade it fails with this message : > > Preconfiguring packages ... > (Reading database ... 146026 files and directories currently installed.) > Preparing to unpack .../linux-image-3.12-1-amd64_3.12.9-1_amd64.deb ... > Unpacking linux-image-3.12-1-amd64 (3.12.9-1) over (3.12.6-2) ... > dpkg: error processing archive > /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-3.12-1-amd64_3.12.9-1_amd64.deb > (--unpack): > cannot copy extracted data for > './lib/modules/3.12-1-amd64/kernel/net/l2tp/l2tp_ip6.ko' to > '/lib/modules/3.12-1-amd64/kernel/net/l2tp/l2tp_ip6.ko.dpkg-new': failed to > write (No space left on device) > dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe) > Errors were encountered while processing: > /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-3.12-1-amd64_3.12.9-1_amd64.deb > E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) > > > but df -i schows there is enough room : > > Bestandssysteem I-nodes IGebr IVrij IGeb% Aangekoppeld op > /dev/sda1 85344 7496 778489% / > udev 505442497 5049451% /dev > tmpfs507394562 5068321% /run > tmpfs507394 1 5073931% /run/lock > tmpfs507394 9 5073851% /run/shm > /dev/sda9 3727360 13188 37141721% /home > /dev/sda8 97536 23 975131% /tmp > /dev/sda5549440 143994 405446 27% /usr > /dev/sda6183264 9332 1739326% /var > none 507394 2 5073921% /sys/fs/cgroup > > > Roelof > What about df -h (or just plain df if you prefer)? It's entirely possible to fill up a drive an still have inodes left. - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/52f2aeb3.7060...@paulscrap.com
Re: Check Update, Update and Port Blocking
On 02/17/2014 09:28 PM, Bill Wood wrote: > Do the protocols used for automatic check for updates and for updates > require specific ports to be available? I recently switched my cable > modem to a Comcast Internet Gateway 1with the firewall set to high > security and subsequently a couple of update check icons appeared > indicating an error condition to to failure to access a file server. I could be wrong, but my understanding is that apt uses standard http, so port 80 outgoing. Could it be dns problems? Check /etc/apt/sources.list and any files in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ and see if you can reach them in a web browser form that system. > > I am currently running Debian 6.0.9 (Squeeze) stable. I want to upgrade > to 7 but don't want to get hung up with bad downloads due to port > blocking by the firewall. > > Thanks, > Use the -d option with apt-get. It means download only, so you'll see if there are bad/missing downloads without actually starting the upgrade. - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/5302d3d7.9020...@paulscrap.com
Re: Check Update, Update and Port Blocking
On 02/20/2014 03:50 AM, Andrei POPESCU wrote: > On Lu, 17 feb 14, 22:30:31, PaulNM wrote: >> >> I could be wrong, but my understanding is that apt uses standard http, >> so port 80 outgoing. > > Just because port 80 is used for listening for http requests doesn't > meant the client is using the same outgoing port ;) > > Kind regards, > Andrei > I believe you're confusing source and destination ports. If you're configuring a firewall to allow outgoing connections, you want to allow outgoing destination (or dport) 80. The source port (sport) is hard to predict, and really could be anything. (Iptables can be configured to match based on sport, but that's not a common setup.) To elaborate on my earlier post, apt figures out everything locally. The only times it needs network access is to fetch packages, assuming you're not using disks or a local mirror, or to get an updated list of your mirror's contents. Since both are simply fetching files, http is all that's needed. (Although you could configure ftp sources if you wanted to.) Look at your sources.list, if all the mirrors start with http://, that's all you need. On second though, I just re-read the OP's message. He's talking about the firewall on the Comcast modem/router. It's really rare for those types of devices to have outgoing filtering. However, according to: http://media2.comcast.net/anon.comcastonline2/support/userguides/Wireless_Gateway_User_Guide_030811.pdf It does filter outgoing, but high *does* allow 80, 443, and a bunch of common ports. I really suspect dns/mirror issues, but it would probably be worth the OP's time to try dropping the firewall level and test again. - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/5305f077.2020...@paulscrap.com
Re: [OT] Purchasing a wired switch; advice needed [question]
Paul E Condon wrote: > > Andrew, > > I'm lurking here, looking to better understand a problem that I've never > had to confront: NAT, I understand requires translation tables, one entry > for each active tcp connection. This takes RAM. It also takes enough > CPU cycles to maintain this table --- set up new connections and find > and delete old connections that are no longer in use. I can see a number > of reasons why the old router would have to quit and need resetting. > I wonder if one of the uplist suggestions which was to set up an old > computer as a router might not work unless the hardware is powerful > enough to keep up with the heavy maintenance activity on the NAT tables. > Extra RMA also implies extra cpu cycles to find and remove old table > entries. It might be that for this service, a somewhat heavy duty > computer is needed. > The problem home router have with the nat tables isn't really due to cpu utilization, but RAM usage. Bittorrent is particularly an issue due to the many, many, connections and packets it creates in a short period of time. Popular distro releases can quickly create a huge amount of traffic since there are many people worldwide seeding them. This is especially true immediately after a release. An old PII or PIII era machine with 128 MB or more should be plenty to handle the load. Either use smoothwall, or something else like the x86 version of openwrt. PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/4daf1c79.6010...@paulscrap.com
RAID growing and --backup-file
Hey Folks, I'm attempting to convert a degraded RAID 6 array to a RAID 5 array. Doing that requires either spare devices or a --backup-file that isn't on the active array. In this situation, everything is on the array except /boot, which is on a usb flash drive. Reading up on the backup-file, my understanding was it's to take care of the critical section which only consists of a few stripes. Since I didn't think it was used for long, I felt safe putting it on the flash drive, which is the only available space anyway. Well now I have an incredibly slow reshape going on, despite the normal speed_limit/read-ahead/stripe_cache_size tricks. It's been over an hour since it started, but the speed is still ~360K/sec and it's estimated to finish ~94 days from now. It's pretty clear that it's constantly writing to the backup file, as there's a bunch of IO still going to it and the system isn't doing anything else. While the file size has stayed at 57MB, the date keeps updating and multiple md5sum runs return different hashes. What are my options at this point? Is there a way to get it to stop the constant writing to the flash drive, or safely cancel the operation? Even if waiting months wasn't an issue, the flash drive will die long before then. More Details: Was a 9 x 3TB drive RAID 6 array, one drive failed and was removed. Wanted to convert to 8 drive RAID 5 array. mdadm --grow /dev/md0 --level=raid5 --raid-devices=8 --backup-file=/boot/raidbackup2 Wheezy - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/558536ab.9020...@paulscrap.com
Re: RAID growing and --backup-file
On 06/20/2015 06:50 AM, Gary Dale wrote: I don't think this helps, but a RAID6 array with one failed drive is the same as RAID5 for all practical purposes. With 8 drives, I'd be very leery of converting from RAID6 to RAID5. The risk of a second drive failing while re-adding the first is not negligible. I think the backup drive allows for the reshape to be interrupted (most mdadm reshapes can be) but I wouldn't want to bet my data on. Since you have already done that, backup everything you consider essential then test whether it can be interrupted. On another machine copy your boot flash onto a USB external drive and switch it in. If it works, you're set. I suspected as much. I'm really curious if the constant use of the backup file is normal, or if anyone knows of better documentation on how it's used. Does anyone have suggestions on the best way to interrupt the reshape? Supposedly it can survive clean shutdowns, but I'm also seeing references saying the array should be stopped first. Since root is on the array, I'm concerned the system will just hang and not actually shutdown. The system in question is actually one of two similar systems, and is used as a backup of the other. There's some historical data that could be lost, but it wouldn't be the end of the world. I'd really rather avoid having to get it back up again and spend a week recopying everything over. :( Yeah, I mostly agree with a partially degraded 6 array practically being a 5. I'm not thrilled with 5 either, we will be going back to 6 eventually. There are a few differences that make the conversion worth it for me, though. The main one being that sometimes the system randomly wouldn't boot up if the array is degraded, a major issue since I work on it remotely. It could be quite a while before we add drives. I need to do an upgrade to Jessie and convert a large ext4 fs to btrfs, so I need reliable boots. But who doesn't? ;) - PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: https://lists.debian.org/5585cbed.9040...@paulscrap.com
Samba ls date weirdness
Hi all, I'm having an issue with scripts that monitor Win2003 directories via smb. Essentially, my Debian (Lenny) box mounts Windows shares, does an ls -AgGhR on that directory, then unmounts it. That listing is diff'd against a listing done earlier to show any changed file(s), with the output mailed to me. The problem is the date info sometimes switches from the time of day to the year or the other way around. This messes up the diff, so it shows a bunch of changed files when there havn't been any changes. EX: < drwxrwxrwx 1 0 Apr 20 13:38 Recipes --- > drwxrwxrwx 1 0 Apr 20 2009 Recipes I do need the time/date info, so having it removed isn't a solution in this case. Thanks for any suggestions. PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org
Re: Samba ls date weirdness
On Fri, 2009-10-23 at 11:05 -0500, Boyd Stephen Smith Jr. wrote: > On Friday 23 October 2009 09:23:31 PaulNM wrote: > > The problem is the date info sometimes switches from the time of day to > > the year or the other way around. This messes up the diff, so it shows snip > From the SUSv2 description of the 'ls' utility: > The field shall contain the appropriate date and timestamp Thanks for telling me about SUSv2. I've installed susv2 and susv3 now and will look them over. > From the manpage for GNU 'ls': > --time-style=STYLE I was well aware of this option, the problem was that the time display seemed to be changing randomly, even when the options were unchanged. The ls manpage makes no mention whatsoever about date/time field changes based on how old the timestamp is. That "feature" should really be mentioned in the man page, or at least a pointer to more information. These scripts have been running for months now, and periodic google searches didn't find anything except references on how to format date/time field. Thank you though, I've made some changes to the scripts that hopefully will fix it. PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org
Re: Giving a user root priveleges?
Preston Boyington wrote:
I think there is some confusion.
I don't know of any reason to use both 'su' and 'sudo' in a command.
either you would 'su' to root or you would 'sudo' to run a singular command.
'su' is to change into superuser (root) until you exit.
'sudo' is to temporarily be superuser until the command is completed.
To use 'sudo' to run a command just type 'sudo ' and as long as
you have the user in the 'sudo' group ('adduser user sudo' as root) that
user will be able to run said command when they log back in.
Sudo only needs the user password, not root's, along with an entry in
sudoers. Su needs the password of the user you're su'ing to.
Some systems don't have a root password, or don't want everyone with
root capabilities to know root's password (It may be used on other
machines due to policy, for example.).
Ubuntu is infamous for this kind of setup.
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Re: FS timestamp issue running Debian in Vbox
Camaleón wrote: Mmmm, IIRC, when you first install Debian, it asks about how to setup the system (hardware) clock and advices you about this issue (if using a dual- boot system with windows, just choose a "local time" setting to sync the clocks). But once the system is installed, can this setting be changed? :-? edit /etc/default/rcS UTC=yes for utc, no for local PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org
Re: install location and aptitude
Celejar wrote: For your specific problem, why not just mount a different disk / partition onto /opt? Celejar That's a good idea. To the OP, if you don't have any spare partition, but have room in /usr, you could create a sparse file. Format and loopback mount it to /opt. PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org
Re: occorrenze stringa
Eduardo M KALINOWSKI wrote: [How to count words in a text file?] wc -w -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org
Re: which version for intel chipset 64bit
Bret Busby wrote: > > The problem is in knowing whether a particular CPU is compatible with > the 64 bit version of the operating system, or whether it requires the > 32 bit version. > > For example, the Pentium 4, from memory, is a 64 bit CPU, but is > incompatible with the 64 bit version of Debian Linux, and requires to > run the 32 bit version; the i386 version, that is incompatible with i386's. > The Pentium 4 was a 32-bit processor. *Some* were made with a 64-bit core, but they're rare, and will run amd64 just fine. > I can ask a question - does the I3, I5 and I7 range of CPU's require to All Intel I-series are 64-bit. At this point, only some of the lower end netbook processors are still 32-bit. That is changing, though. > run the 32 bit version of Debian Linux, or, can they run the 64 bit > version, and, the question might (or, might not) get answered on the > list, and then, a couple of weeks, or, a few weeks, later, along comes > someone else, who asks the same question, and, so-on, ad nauseum, with > the question getting repeatedly asked, because the information is not > included in the documentation. > > Inclusion of such information in the documentation, means that people > who want to know the information, do not need to ask it on mailing > lists, and, therefore, can reduce the derision on the mailing list. > > If my memory is correct, for a computer to include 8GB of RAM, that is > addressable by the CPU, the CPU would necessarily be a 64 bit CPU, to be > able to address that much RAM. > > But, apparently, not all 64 bit CPU's are compatible with the 64 bit > version of Debian Linux, as (from what I understand) the 64 bit version > of Debian Linux is only compatible with a small subset of the 64 bit CPU's. > AMD64 is AMD64. The only thing it would be incompatible with are Itanium, Sparc, or other completely different architectures. > If it is too much trouble to include in the Realease Notes, a list of > CPU's and whether they are compatible with each of the 32 bit and 64 bit > versions of Debian Linux, then, could it not be done to include a list > of CPU's, for which, the 64 bit version of Debian Linux is compatible, > and thence to state that all CPU's not included in that list, should be > taken to be incompatible with 64 bit Debian Linux? > Part of the issue is that the processor "name" doesn't tell whether or not it is 32/64 bit. Intel is particularly bad at this. > That, at least, would be of some help for people who want to install the > correct operating system, and, not simply regard the operating system as > one that does not work, because they belive that it should work with > their computer, and it does not? > > -- > Bret Busby > Armadale > West Australia > .. > > "So once you do know what the question actually is, > you'll know what the answer means." > - Deep Thought, > Chapter 28 of Book 1 of > "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy: > A Trilogy In Four Parts", > written by Douglas Adams, > published by Pan Books, 1992 > > -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/4d52d61e.2080...@paulscrap.com
Re: icedove/yahoo imap: messages marked as read & filters not run on inbox
On 06/10/2011 04:13 PM, Nicolas Bercher wrote: > Hi, > snip > > 1. Near every messages that arrive into inbox and are marked as read, > but not all of them. This seems to be an imap side-problem: my account > was freshly set up and I never saw this before with account from other > imap providers (and of course I've check icedove config many times). > Are you sure nothing else is reading the messages? I don't have yahoo imap, but I know that if I read the messages on my phone, they'll show up as read the next time I check in Thunderbird. > 2. Mail filters I defined (on the icedove side) doesn't work > automatically (again, I've check configuration many times) and I have to > run "alt-t r" to manually apply the filters on inbox. > Solving number 1 will solve this. Thunderbird (and Icedove) only automatically apply filters to new messages. Any messages I read through my phone and/or webmail will not be filtered automatically. I need to run filters to do that. snip > Thank a lot, > > Nicolas > Thanks for the filter shortcut, I've been meaning to look that up. PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/4df284b4.1020...@paulscrap.com
Re: icedove/yahoo imap: messages marked as read & filters not run on inbox
To clarify, I was talking about my experiences with multiple other imap accounts. I do have a yahoo account that I don't really use, but it is pop3. PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/4df28557.6000...@paulscrap.com
Re: remark from dd
peasth...@shaw.ca wrote: Given r...@dalton:/home/peter# dd if=disk2 of=/dev/fd0 bs=36k dd: writing `/dev/fd0': No space left on device 41+0 records in 40+0 records out 1474560 bytes (1.5 MB) copied, 40.9183 s, 36.0 kB/s r...@dalton:/home/peter# can anyone explain the remark "No space left" and the difference between records in and records out? Thanks,... Peter E. Try it again without the bs=36k. I know dd will pad zeros to it so the last block is a full 36K. This is probably making the disk image too big. PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/4c2b8edf.9040...@paulscrap.com
Re: When is best time to upgrade lenny to squeeze
Jordan Metzmeier wrote: On 08/04/2010 08:31 PM, Kamaraju S Kusumanchi wrote: What do you do if you had access to just one machine (say your personal laptop) and don't have the luxury of running multiple machines (one for testing and one for production etc.,)? Sometimes, it is better/practical to jump the wagon little bit ahead of time and do some testing, before settling down with the stable version for the next 2-3 years. I think in that case, you should leave the testing up to the people who do. There is a wide variety of virtualization software now that can be used for this kind of testing. Virtualbox for example can run entirely off software, without the need for virtualization support in the CPU (although much slower). While I agree with this suggestion, be aware that virtualbox cannot run 64-bit guests unless the processor has VT extensions. If you must run a 64-bit guest and don't have a 64-bit processor with VT extentions, use qemu. That can actually emulate different processors, like ppc and sparc. I've even run a small 64-bit guest on a 32-bit host (Pentium 4), though it was very slow. If you'll be running the VM only when logged in, virtualbox is definitely preferred. If you need to run headless servers that start automatically on bootup, qemu is the way to go. - -- Jordan Metzmeier Hope this helps, PaulNM -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/4c5c2bb8.9050...@paulscrap.com
Re: When is best time to upgrade lenny to squeeze
Jari Fredriksson wrote:
On 6.8.2010 18:35, PaulNM wrote:
If you'll be running the VM only when logged in, virtualbox is
definitely preferred. If you need to run headless servers that start
automatically on bootup, qemu is the way to go.
I use VirtualBox just like you described, but I use VMWare Server 2.0
for the headless servers. Is qemu somehow better? My host is a Windows 7
64bit.
Qemu was a lighter weight alternative to Virtualbox for me. My company
was experimenting with freenas, which was originally on an actual box.
I moved it to a VM on another 24/7 Debian box to save on power usage,
and needed the VM to start every time the Debian box started.
If you're familiar and comfortable with VMWare, use it. VMWare and
Virtualbox virtualize cpu calls, while qemu emulates the entire
processor. This means qemu is much more flexible in what it can run,
but also slower.
Hope this helps,
PaulNM
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Re: ps - Illegal Instruction
Arthur Machlas wrote: On Mon, Sep 20, 2010 at 12:18 PM, Scott Ferguson wrote: On 20/09/10 10:15, Jerry Stuckle wrote: This is a new install of Lenny on Windows 7 Virtual PC. I basically Perhaps some of the links off this link might be useful http://blogs.msdn.com/search/SearchResults.aspx?q=linux§ions=4122 Nice links. Basically says Enterprise versions of Linux are supported, Red Hat and Suse. Debian is not listed as supported. AM It may be worth trying CentOS since it's pretty much re-branded Red Hat. I haven't seen the additions myself, but I wonder if they can be adapted to other distros. -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/4c97a1e3.7010...@paulscrap.com
