On Fri, Sep 26, 2025 at 04:01:23PM +0100, Mark Cave-Ayland wrote:
> On 26/09/2025 14:55, Daniel P. Berrangé wrote:
> 
> > On Fri, Sep 26, 2025 at 02:49:00PM +0100, Mark Cave-Ayland wrote:
> > > On 26/09/2025 13:39, Daniel P. Berrangé wrote:
> > > 
> > > > On Fri, Sep 26, 2025 at 01:36:25PM +0200, Markus Armbruster wrote:
> > > > > Mark Cave-Ayland <[email protected]> writes:
> > > > > 
> > > > > > Following recent discussions on the mailing list, it has been 
> > > > > > decided
> > > > > > that instead of mapping -cpu host and -cpu max to a suitable 32-bit 
> > > > > > x86 CPU,
> > > > > > it is preferable to disallow them and use the existing 
> > > > > > valid_cpu_types
> > > > > > validation logic so that an error is returned to the user instead.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > Signed-off-by: Mark Cave-Ayland <[email protected]>
> > > > > > ---
> > > > > >    hw/i386/isapc.c | 27 ---------------------------
> > > > > >    1 file changed, 27 deletions(-)
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > diff --git a/hw/i386/isapc.c b/hw/i386/isapc.c
> > > > > > index 44f4a44672..6c35a397df 100644
> > > > > > --- a/hw/i386/isapc.c
> > > > > > +++ b/hw/i386/isapc.c
> > > > > > @@ -41,31 +41,6 @@ static void pc_init_isa(MachineState *machine)
> > > > > >        DriveInfo *hd[MAX_IDE_BUS * MAX_IDE_DEVS];
> > > > > >        int i;
> > > > > > -    /*
> > > > > > -     * There is a small chance that someone unintentionally passes 
> > > > > > "-cpu max"
> > > > > > -     * for the isapc machine, which will provide a much more 
> > > > > > modern 32-bit
> > > > > > -     * CPU than would be expected for an ISA-era PC. If the "max" 
> > > > > > cpu type has
> > > > > > -     * been specified, choose the "best" 32-bit cpu possible which 
> > > > > > we consider
> > > > > > -     * be the pentium3 (deliberately choosing an Intel CPU given 
> > > > > > that the
> > > > > > -     * default 486 CPU for the isapc machine is also an Intel CPU).
> > > > > > -     */
> > > > > > -    if (!strcmp(machine->cpu_type, X86_CPU_TYPE_NAME("max"))) {
> > > > > > -        machine->cpu_type = X86_CPU_TYPE_NAME("pentium3");
> > > > > > -        warn_report("-cpu max is invalid for isapc machine, using 
> > > > > > pentium3");
> > > > > > -    }
> > > > > > -
> > > > > > -    /*
> > > > > > -     * Similarly if someone unintentionally passes "-cpu host" for 
> > > > > > the isapc
> > > > > > -     * machine then display a warning and also switch to the 
> > > > > > "best" 32-bit
> > > > > > -     * cpu possible which we consider to be the pentium3. This is 
> > > > > > because any
> > > > > > -     * host CPU will already be modern than this, but it also 
> > > > > > ensures any
> > > > > > -     * newer CPU flags/features are filtered out for older guests.
> > > > > > -     */
> > > > > > -    if (!strcmp(machine->cpu_type, X86_CPU_TYPE_NAME("host"))) {
> > > > > > -        machine->cpu_type = X86_CPU_TYPE_NAME("pentium3");
> > > > > > -        warn_report("-cpu host is invalid for isapc machine, using 
> > > > > > pentium3");
> > > > > > -    }
> > > > > > -
> > > > > >        if (machine->ram_size > 3.5 * GiB) {
> > > > > >            error_report("Too much memory for this machine: %" 
> > > > > > PRId64 " MiB, "
> > > > > >                         "maximum 3584 MiB", machine->ram_size / 
> > > > > > MiB);
> > > > > > @@ -162,8 +137,6 @@ static void isapc_machine_options(MachineClass 
> > > > > > *m)
> > > > > >            X86_CPU_TYPE_NAME("pentium2"),
> > > > > >            X86_CPU_TYPE_NAME("pentium3"),
> > > > > >            X86_CPU_TYPE_NAME("qemu32"),
> > > > > > -        X86_CPU_TYPE_NAME("max"),
> > > > > > -        X86_CPU_TYPE_NAME("host"),
> > > > > >            NULL
> > > > > >        };
> > > > > >        PCMachineClass *pcmc = PC_MACHINE_CLASS(m);
> > > > > 
> > > > > This reverts the "smart" part of recent
> > > > > 
> > > > > commit e1e2909f8e74051a34a044940f90d4650b6e784a
> > > > > Author: Mark Cave-Ayland <[email protected]>
> > > > > Date:   Thu Aug 28 12:09:44 2025 +0100
> > > > > 
> > > > >       hw/i386/pc_piix.c: restrict isapc machine to 32-bit CPUs
> > > > >       The isapc machine represents a legacy ISA PC with a 486 CPU. 
> > > > > Whilst it is
> > > > >       possible to specify any CPU via -cpu on the command line, it 
> > > > > makes no
> > > > >       sense to allow modern 64-bit CPUs to be used.
> > > > >       Restrict the isapc machine to the available 32-bit CPUs, taking 
> > > > > care to
> > > > >       handle the case where if a user inadvertently uses either -cpu 
> > > > > max or
> > > > >       -cpu host then the "best" 32-bit CPU is used (in this case the 
> > > > > pentium3).
> > > > 
> > > > What is written here made sense from the POV of use of isapc with
> > > > qemu-system-x86_64, but in qemu-system-i686, both 'max' and 'host'
> > > > where already 32-bit CPUs IIUC. Both this original patch and
> > > > the new patch block them from being used in qemu-system-i686
> > > > which feels wrong given the justification above.
> > > 
> > > I tried stepping through with -cpu host/-cpu max on qemu-system-i386 and
> > > it's a bit confusing: I think we end up with some kind of custom AMD 
> > > vendor
> > > CPU but with LM disabled. I can't easily see a way to understand what
> > > features are currently enabled?
> > > 
> > > I must admit I'm struggling to see the usefulness of -cpu host/-cpu max 
> > > for
> > > isapc given that older OSs can be quite picky when it comes to hardware.
> > 
> > But x86 CPU vendors go to ridiculous levels of complexity to retain
> > historical back compat over many decades. If anything, I'd be surprised
> > about the opposite - an OS that didn't work with -cpu max.
> 
> It's not the CPU vendor I'd be worried about, but the OS vendor who may for
> example execute CPUID and become confused if it returns an AMD vendor ID
> instead of an Intel vendor ID.

IIRC/IIUC, AMD sold i486 CPUs with CPUID present in the ISA era, so I
would have thought anything checking vendor ID should expect to see
more than just Intel ?

> What do you think is the best way forward? I'm still not convinced of the
> utility of -cpu host/-cpu max for isapc, so what if instead of mapping them
> to the pentium3 CPU we follow the standard deprecation path and emit a
> warning on startup, and then remove them from valid_cpu_types in 2 releases
> time? The advantage to this approach is that if people are actually using
> -cpu host/-cpu max with the isapc machine then they would at least file an
> issue in Gitlab and make us aware of it.

If we want to deprecate it the formal route, that's fine.

With regards,
Daniel
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