gnodet-bot commented on code in PR #13700:
URL: https://github.com/apache/maven/pull/13700#discussion_r4368568069


##########
api/maven-api-core/src/main/java/org/apache/maven/api/build/report/BuildReport.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.maven.api.build.report;
+
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+import org.apache.maven.api.BuildInvocation;
+import org.apache.maven.api.annotations.Experimental;
+import org.apache.maven.api.annotations.Immutable;
+import org.apache.maven.api.annotations.Nonnull;
+import org.apache.maven.api.logging.LogEvent;
+import org.apache.maven.api.services.BuilderProblem;
+
+/**
+ * A structured report of a Maven build execution, persisted to
+ * {@code target/build-report.json} at the end of every build.
+ * <p>
+ * The report captures metadata, per-module results (including mojo execution
+ * timings), and any failures. It is intended to be consumed by tools, IDEs,
+ * CI systems, and LLM agents without having to re-run the build or parse
+ * console output.
+ *
+ * @since 4.1.0
+ * @see ModuleReport
+ * @see FailureReport
+ */
+@Experimental
+@Immutable
+public interface BuildReport {
+
+    /**
+     * Semantic version of the report format (e.g. {@code "1.0"}).
+     * <p>
+     * Versioning policy:
+     * <ul>
+     *   <li><b>Minor</b> increments (1.0 &rarr; 1.1) are purely additive 
&mdash;
+     *       new fields may appear, but existing fields keep their name, type, 
and
+     *       meaning. Consumers that ignore unknown fields are 
forward-compatible.</li>
+     *   <li><b>Major</b> increments (1.x &rarr; 2.0) signal a breaking change 
&mdash;
+     *       fields may be removed, renamed, or change type. Consumers should 
check
+     *       the major version and refuse to parse an unsupported major.</li>
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @return the semver report version string, never {@code null}
+     * @since 4.1.0
+     */
+    @Nonnull
+    String reportVersion();
+
+    /**
+     * The invocation context of this build: flags, properties, and platform 
settings
+     * that were active when the session started.
+     *
+     * @return the build environment, never {@code null}
+     * @since 4.1.0
+     */
+    @Nonnull
+    BuildInvocation environment();
+
+    /**
+     * Schema version of the report format. Consumers should check this
+     * to handle forward compatibility.
+     *
+     * @return the format version, currently {@code 1}
+     */
+    int formatVersion();

Review Comment:
   ⚠️ **Missing `@since 4.1.0`** — still not fixed from the previous review.
   
   `formatVersion()` has no `@since` tag. Both adjacent methods — 
`reportVersion()` (line 68) and `environment()` (line 75) — have `@since 
4.1.0`. For a new public API on a `@since 4.1.0`-annotated interface, every 
method needs the tag.
   
   ```suggestion
       /**
        * Schema version of the report format. Consumers should check this
        * to handle forward compatibility.
        *
        * @return the format version, currently {@code 1}
        * @since 4.1.0
        */
       int formatVersion();
   ```



##########
impl/maven-core/src/main/java/org/apache/maven/internal/build/BuildReportCollector.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,644 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.maven.internal.build;
+
+import javax.inject.Named;
+import javax.inject.Singleton;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+import java.nio.file.AtomicMoveNotSupportedException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.time.ZoneOffset;
+import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+
+import org.apache.maven.api.BuildInvocation;
+import org.apache.maven.api.MonotonicClock;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.BuildReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.BuildStatus;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.FailureReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.ModuleReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.MojoReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.logging.LogEvent;
+import org.apache.maven.eventspy.AbstractEventSpy;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.BuildFailure;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.BuildSuccess;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.BuildSummary;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.ExecutionEvent;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.MavenExecutionResult;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.MavenSession;
+import org.apache.maven.logging.ProjectBuildLogAppender;
+import org.apache.maven.plugin.MojoExecution;
+import org.apache.maven.project.MavenProject;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+import org.slf4j.MDC;
+
+/**
+ * Collects build lifecycle events and produces a structured {@link 
BuildReport}
+ * at the end of the session.
+ * <p>
+ * Registered as an {@link org.apache.maven.eventspy.EventSpy} via {@code 
@Named}/{@code @Singleton},
+ * following the same pattern as {@code DefaultPluginValidationManager}.
+ * <p>
+ * Thread-safe: concurrent module builds (with {@code -T}) each write to their
+ * own entry in a {@link ConcurrentHashMap}.
+ * <p>
+ * Log capture: registers a callback on {@link ProjectBuildLogAppender} to
+ * receive the already-formed {@link LogEvent} objects produced by the main
+ * logging pipeline. Uses thread-based tracking to associate events with
+ * the currently-executing mojo or module.
+ *
+ * @since 4.1.0
+ */
+@Singleton
+@Named
+public final class BuildReportCollector extends AbstractEventSpy {
+
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(BuildReportCollector.class);
+
+    static final String REPORT_DIR = "build-reports";
+    static final String REPORT_LATEST = "build-report-latest.json";
+    static final String TRACE_ID_MDC_KEY = "otel.trace_id";
+    static final String SPAN_ID_MDC_KEY = "otel.span_id";
+
+    private static final int MAX_STACKTRACE_LINES = 30;
+
+    /**
+     * Maximum number of log events captured per scope (mojo, module, or 
build).
+     * Beyond this, events are silently dropped to prevent unbounded memory 
growth.
+     */
+    static final int MAX_LOG_EVENTS_PER_SCOPE = 500;
+
+    // ---- Mutable state, populated during the build ----
+
+    /** Per-project mojo tracking: project key -> list of in-flight/completed 
mojos. */
+    private final Map<String, List<MojoTiming>> mojoTimings = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-project start instants for duration computation. */
+    private final Map<String, Instant> projectStartTimes = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-project trace context captured when the project starts. */
+    private final Map<String, TraceContext> projectTraceContexts = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-mojo start instants for duration computation. */
+    private final Map<String, Instant> mojoStartTimes = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-mojo trace context captured when the mojo starts. */
+    private final Map<String, TraceContext> mojoTraceContexts = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Session-level state - set once on SessionStarted. */
+    private volatile MavenSession session;
+
+    /** Build environment - captured once at SessionStarted, immutable 
thereafter. */
+    private volatile BuildInvocation buildEnvironment;
+
+    // ---- Log capture state ----
+
+    /**
+     * Maps thread ID -> mojo key for the currently-executing mojo on that 
thread.
+     * Lifecycle events and mojo execution run on the same thread, so this is 
safe
+     * for parallel builds with {@code -T}.
+     */
+    private final Map<Long, String> currentMojoByThread = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-mojo log buffers: mojo key -> captured log events. */
+    private final Map<String, List<LogEvent>> mojoLogBuffers = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /**
+     * Maps thread ID -> project key for the currently-building project on 
that thread.
+     * Used to route log events that occur between mojo executions to the 
module-level buffer.
+     */
+    private final Map<Long, String> currentProjectByThread = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-module log buffers: project key -> events captured outside any 
mojo. */
+    private final Map<String, List<LogEvent>> moduleLogBuffers = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Build-level log buffer: events captured outside any module lifecycle. 
*/
+    private final List<LogEvent> buildLogBuffer = 
Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>());
+
+    @Override
+    public void onEvent(Object event) {
+        if (event instanceof ExecutionEvent executionEvent) {
+            switch (executionEvent.getType()) {
+                case SessionStarted:
+                    onSessionStarted(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case SessionEnded:
+                    onSessionEnded(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case ProjectStarted:
+                    onProjectStarted(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case ProjectSucceeded:
+                case ProjectFailed:
+                case ProjectSkipped:
+                    onProjectFinished(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case MojoStarted:
+                    onMojoStarted(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case MojoSucceeded:
+                case MojoFailed:
+                    onMojoFinished(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case MojoSkipped:
+                    onMojoSkipped(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ---- Event handlers ----
+
+    private void onSessionStarted(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        this.session = event.getSession();
+        this.buildEnvironment = DefaultBuildInvocation.from(this.session);
+        installLogCapture();
+    }
+
+    private void onSessionEnded(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        removeLogCapture();
+
+        MavenSession endSession = event.getSession();
+        if (endSession == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            BuildReport report = buildReport(endSession);
+            writeReport(report, endSession);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            // Never let the report collector crash the build
+            LOGGER.debug("Failed to produce build report: {}", e.getMessage(), 
e);

Review Comment:
   ⚠️ **Report failure is invisible in normal operation** — still not fixed 
from the previous review.
   
   The IO write failure (line 575) correctly uses `LOGGER.warn`. The outer 
catch here — which covers `buildReport()` assembly failures — still uses 
`DEBUG`. A user relying on `target/build-report.json` gets no indication when 
it silently fails to produce one.
   
   ```suggestion
               LOGGER.warn("Failed to produce build report: {}", 
e.getMessage(), e);
   ```



##########
impl/maven-core/src/main/java/org/apache/maven/internal/build/BuildReportCollector.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,644 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.maven.internal.build;
+
+import javax.inject.Named;
+import javax.inject.Singleton;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+import java.nio.file.AtomicMoveNotSupportedException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.time.ZoneOffset;
+import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+
+import org.apache.maven.api.BuildInvocation;
+import org.apache.maven.api.MonotonicClock;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.BuildReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.BuildStatus;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.FailureReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.ModuleReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.MojoReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.logging.LogEvent;
+import org.apache.maven.eventspy.AbstractEventSpy;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.BuildFailure;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.BuildSuccess;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.BuildSummary;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.ExecutionEvent;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.MavenExecutionResult;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.MavenSession;
+import org.apache.maven.logging.ProjectBuildLogAppender;
+import org.apache.maven.plugin.MojoExecution;
+import org.apache.maven.project.MavenProject;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+import org.slf4j.MDC;
+
+/**
+ * Collects build lifecycle events and produces a structured {@link 
BuildReport}
+ * at the end of the session.
+ * <p>
+ * Registered as an {@link org.apache.maven.eventspy.EventSpy} via {@code 
@Named}/{@code @Singleton},
+ * following the same pattern as {@code DefaultPluginValidationManager}.
+ * <p>
+ * Thread-safe: concurrent module builds (with {@code -T}) each write to their
+ * own entry in a {@link ConcurrentHashMap}.
+ * <p>
+ * Log capture: registers a callback on {@link ProjectBuildLogAppender} to
+ * receive the already-formed {@link LogEvent} objects produced by the main
+ * logging pipeline. Uses thread-based tracking to associate events with
+ * the currently-executing mojo or module.
+ *
+ * @since 4.1.0
+ */
+@Singleton
+@Named
+public final class BuildReportCollector extends AbstractEventSpy {
+
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(BuildReportCollector.class);
+
+    static final String REPORT_DIR = "build-reports";
+    static final String REPORT_LATEST = "build-report-latest.json";
+    static final String TRACE_ID_MDC_KEY = "otel.trace_id";
+    static final String SPAN_ID_MDC_KEY = "otel.span_id";
+
+    private static final int MAX_STACKTRACE_LINES = 30;
+
+    /**
+     * Maximum number of log events captured per scope (mojo, module, or 
build).
+     * Beyond this, events are silently dropped to prevent unbounded memory 
growth.
+     */
+    static final int MAX_LOG_EVENTS_PER_SCOPE = 500;

Review Comment:
   ⚠️ **Silent log-event truncation — consumers cannot detect incomplete 
lists** — still not fixed from the previous review.
   
   Events beyond `MAX_LOG_EVENTS_PER_SCOPE = 500` are silently dropped. The 
Javadoc on `MojoReport.output()` says "The list may be truncated" but there is 
no programmatic flag (`outputTruncated`, `droppedEventCount`) in the API or the 
JSON output. A consumer reading 500 events cannot distinguish "exactly 500 
events" from "500 events capped".
   
   Stack traces handle this correctly: `truncateStackTrace()` appends `"... N 
more lines truncated"`. Log event lists need the same treatment — either a 
`boolean outputTruncated()` in each report interface, or a sentinel final entry 
when the limit is hit.



##########
impl/maven-core/src/main/java/org/apache/maven/internal/build/BuildReportCollector.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,644 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.maven.internal.build;
+
+import javax.inject.Named;
+import javax.inject.Singleton;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+import java.nio.file.AtomicMoveNotSupportedException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.time.ZoneOffset;
+import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+
+import org.apache.maven.api.BuildInvocation;
+import org.apache.maven.api.MonotonicClock;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.BuildReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.BuildStatus;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.FailureReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.ModuleReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.MojoReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.logging.LogEvent;
+import org.apache.maven.eventspy.AbstractEventSpy;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.BuildFailure;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.BuildSuccess;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.BuildSummary;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.ExecutionEvent;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.MavenExecutionResult;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.MavenSession;
+import org.apache.maven.logging.ProjectBuildLogAppender;
+import org.apache.maven.plugin.MojoExecution;
+import org.apache.maven.project.MavenProject;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+import org.slf4j.MDC;
+
+/**
+ * Collects build lifecycle events and produces a structured {@link 
BuildReport}
+ * at the end of the session.
+ * <p>
+ * Registered as an {@link org.apache.maven.eventspy.EventSpy} via {@code 
@Named}/{@code @Singleton},
+ * following the same pattern as {@code DefaultPluginValidationManager}.
+ * <p>
+ * Thread-safe: concurrent module builds (with {@code -T}) each write to their
+ * own entry in a {@link ConcurrentHashMap}.
+ * <p>
+ * Log capture: registers a callback on {@link ProjectBuildLogAppender} to
+ * receive the already-formed {@link LogEvent} objects produced by the main
+ * logging pipeline. Uses thread-based tracking to associate events with
+ * the currently-executing mojo or module.
+ *
+ * @since 4.1.0
+ */
+@Singleton
+@Named
+public final class BuildReportCollector extends AbstractEventSpy {
+
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(BuildReportCollector.class);
+
+    static final String REPORT_DIR = "build-reports";
+    static final String REPORT_LATEST = "build-report-latest.json";
+    static final String TRACE_ID_MDC_KEY = "otel.trace_id";
+    static final String SPAN_ID_MDC_KEY = "otel.span_id";
+
+    private static final int MAX_STACKTRACE_LINES = 30;
+
+    /**
+     * Maximum number of log events captured per scope (mojo, module, or 
build).
+     * Beyond this, events are silently dropped to prevent unbounded memory 
growth.
+     */
+    static final int MAX_LOG_EVENTS_PER_SCOPE = 500;
+
+    // ---- Mutable state, populated during the build ----
+
+    /** Per-project mojo tracking: project key -> list of in-flight/completed 
mojos. */
+    private final Map<String, List<MojoTiming>> mojoTimings = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-project start instants for duration computation. */
+    private final Map<String, Instant> projectStartTimes = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-project trace context captured when the project starts. */
+    private final Map<String, TraceContext> projectTraceContexts = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-mojo start instants for duration computation. */
+    private final Map<String, Instant> mojoStartTimes = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-mojo trace context captured when the mojo starts. */
+    private final Map<String, TraceContext> mojoTraceContexts = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Session-level state - set once on SessionStarted. */
+    private volatile MavenSession session;
+
+    /** Build environment - captured once at SessionStarted, immutable 
thereafter. */
+    private volatile BuildInvocation buildEnvironment;
+
+    // ---- Log capture state ----
+
+    /**
+     * Maps thread ID -> mojo key for the currently-executing mojo on that 
thread.
+     * Lifecycle events and mojo execution run on the same thread, so this is 
safe
+     * for parallel builds with {@code -T}.
+     */
+    private final Map<Long, String> currentMojoByThread = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-mojo log buffers: mojo key -> captured log events. */
+    private final Map<String, List<LogEvent>> mojoLogBuffers = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /**
+     * Maps thread ID -> project key for the currently-building project on 
that thread.
+     * Used to route log events that occur between mojo executions to the 
module-level buffer.
+     */
+    private final Map<Long, String> currentProjectByThread = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-module log buffers: project key -> events captured outside any 
mojo. */
+    private final Map<String, List<LogEvent>> moduleLogBuffers = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Build-level log buffer: events captured outside any module lifecycle. 
*/
+    private final List<LogEvent> buildLogBuffer = 
Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>());
+
+    @Override
+    public void onEvent(Object event) {
+        if (event instanceof ExecutionEvent executionEvent) {
+            switch (executionEvent.getType()) {
+                case SessionStarted:
+                    onSessionStarted(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case SessionEnded:
+                    onSessionEnded(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case ProjectStarted:
+                    onProjectStarted(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case ProjectSucceeded:
+                case ProjectFailed:
+                case ProjectSkipped:
+                    onProjectFinished(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case MojoStarted:
+                    onMojoStarted(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case MojoSucceeded:
+                case MojoFailed:
+                    onMojoFinished(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case MojoSkipped:
+                    onMojoSkipped(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ---- Event handlers ----
+
+    private void onSessionStarted(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        this.session = event.getSession();
+        this.buildEnvironment = DefaultBuildInvocation.from(this.session);
+        installLogCapture();
+    }
+
+    private void onSessionEnded(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        removeLogCapture();
+
+        MavenSession endSession = event.getSession();
+        if (endSession == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            BuildReport report = buildReport(endSession);
+            writeReport(report, endSession);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            // Never let the report collector crash the build
+            LOGGER.debug("Failed to produce build report: {}", e.getMessage(), 
e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void onProjectStarted(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        String key = projectKey(event.getProject());
+        projectStartTimes.put(key, MonotonicClock.now());
+        projectTraceContexts.put(key, currentTraceContext());
+        mojoTimings.putIfAbsent(key, Collections.synchronizedList(new 
ArrayList<>()));
+        moduleLogBuffers.put(key, Collections.synchronizedList(new 
ArrayList<>()));
+        currentProjectByThread.put(Thread.currentThread().getId(), key);
+    }
+
+    private void onProjectFinished(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        // Unregister the project from this thread so subsequent log events
+        // fall through to the build-level buffer
+        currentProjectByThread.remove(Thread.currentThread().getId());
+    }
+
+    private void onMojoStarted(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        String mKey = mojoKey(event.getProject(), event.getMojoExecution());
+        mojoStartTimes.put(mKey, MonotonicClock.now());
+        mojoTraceContexts.put(mKey, currentTraceContext());
+
+        // Register the current mojo for this thread so the log event sink
+        // can associate events with this mojo execution
+        currentMojoByThread.put(Thread.currentThread().getId(), mKey);
+        mojoLogBuffers.put(mKey, Collections.synchronizedList(new 
ArrayList<>()));
+    }
+
+    private void onMojoFinished(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        MojoExecution mojo = event.getMojoExecution();
+        MavenProject project = event.getProject();
+        String mKey = mojoKey(project, mojo);
+        String pKey = projectKey(project);
+
+        // Unregister the mojo from this thread
+        currentMojoByThread.remove(Thread.currentThread().getId());
+
+        Instant now = MonotonicClock.now();
+        Instant startInstant = mojoStartTimes.remove(mKey);
+        TraceContext traceContext = mojoTraceContexts.remove(mKey);
+        if (traceContext == null) {
+            traceContext = TraceContext.EMPTY;
+        }
+        if (startInstant == null) {
+            startInstant = now;
+        }
+        Duration duration = Duration.between(startInstant, now);
+
+        BuildStatus status =
+                event.getType() == ExecutionEvent.Type.MojoSucceeded ? 
BuildStatus.SUCCESS : BuildStatus.FAILURE;
+
+        // Drain the log buffer for this mojo
+        List<LogEvent> logBuffer = mojoLogBuffers.remove(mKey);
+        List<LogEvent> output = logBuffer != null ? List.copyOf(logBuffer) : 
List.of();
+
+        MojoTiming timing = new MojoTiming(
+                mojo.getGroupId(),
+                mojo.getArtifactId(),
+                mojo.getVersion(),
+                mojo.getGoal(),
+                mojo.getExecutionId(),
+                mojo.getLifecyclePhase(),
+                status,
+                startInstant,
+                duration,
+                traceContext.traceId,
+                traceContext.spanId,
+                output);
+
+        mojoTimings
+                .computeIfAbsent(pKey, k -> Collections.synchronizedList(new 
ArrayList<>()))
+                .add(timing);
+    }
+
+    private void onMojoSkipped(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        MojoExecution mojo = event.getMojoExecution();
+        MavenProject project = event.getProject();
+        String pKey = projectKey(project);
+
+        Instant now = MonotonicClock.now();
+        TraceContext traceContext = TraceContext.EMPTY;
+
+        MojoTiming timing = new MojoTiming(
+                mojo.getGroupId(),
+                mojo.getArtifactId(),
+                mojo.getVersion(),
+                mojo.getGoal(),
+                mojo.getExecutionId(),
+                mojo.getLifecyclePhase(),
+                BuildStatus.SKIPPED,
+                now,
+                Duration.ZERO,
+                traceContext.traceId,
+                traceContext.spanId,
+                List.of());
+
+        mojoTimings
+                .computeIfAbsent(pKey, k -> Collections.synchronizedList(new 
ArrayList<>()))
+                .add(timing);
+    }
+
+    // ---- Structured log capture ----
+
+    /**
+     * Registers a callback on {@link ProjectBuildLogAppender} to receive the
+     * already-formed {@link LogEvent} objects from the main logging pipeline.
+     * This eliminates the need for a separate capture path and ensures the
+     * build report captures the same enriched events (with sequence number,
+     * source metadata) as the console output.
+     */
+    private void installLogCapture() {
+        ProjectBuildLogAppender.setReportCapture(this::captureLogEvent);
+    }
+
+    private void removeLogCapture() {
+        ProjectBuildLogAppender.setReportCapture(null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Routes a pre-formed {@link LogEvent} to the appropriate buffer
+     * (mojo, module, or build-level) based on the current thread's
+     * lifecycle context.
+     */
+    private void captureLogEvent(LogEvent event) {
+        long threadId = Thread.currentThread().getId();
+
+        // 1. Mojo-level: event belongs to the currently-executing mojo on 
this thread
+        String mKey = currentMojoByThread.get(threadId);
+        if (mKey != null) {
+            List<LogEvent> buffer = mojoLogBuffers.get(mKey);
+            if (buffer != null && buffer.size() < MAX_LOG_EVENTS_PER_SCOPE) {
+                buffer.add(event);

Review Comment:
   ⚠️ **NEW: TOCTOU race on mojo log buffer**
   
   `mojoLogBuffers` entries are `Collections.synchronizedList` wrappers, but 
the compound `size() < MAX` check-then-`add()` is not externally synchronized. 
In a parallel build (`-T N`), two threads logging to the same mojo key can both 
observe `size() == 499` and both call `add()`, producing 501 events.
   
   The code's own comment at lines 350–351 explicitly identifies this exact 
hazard for `buildLogBuffer` and fixes it with `synchronized (buildLogBuffer)` — 
that fix was not applied here.
   
   ```suggestion
               synchronized (buffer) {
                   if (buffer.size() < MAX_LOG_EVENTS_PER_SCOPE) {
                       buffer.add(event);
                   }
               }
   ```



##########
impl/maven-core/src/main/java/org/apache/maven/internal/build/BuildReportCollector.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,644 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.maven.internal.build;
+
+import javax.inject.Named;
+import javax.inject.Singleton;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+import java.nio.file.AtomicMoveNotSupportedException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.time.ZoneOffset;
+import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+
+import org.apache.maven.api.BuildInvocation;
+import org.apache.maven.api.MonotonicClock;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.BuildReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.BuildStatus;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.FailureReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.ModuleReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.MojoReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.logging.LogEvent;
+import org.apache.maven.eventspy.AbstractEventSpy;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.BuildFailure;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.BuildSuccess;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.BuildSummary;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.ExecutionEvent;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.MavenExecutionResult;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.MavenSession;
+import org.apache.maven.logging.ProjectBuildLogAppender;
+import org.apache.maven.plugin.MojoExecution;
+import org.apache.maven.project.MavenProject;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+import org.slf4j.MDC;
+
+/**
+ * Collects build lifecycle events and produces a structured {@link 
BuildReport}
+ * at the end of the session.
+ * <p>
+ * Registered as an {@link org.apache.maven.eventspy.EventSpy} via {@code 
@Named}/{@code @Singleton},
+ * following the same pattern as {@code DefaultPluginValidationManager}.
+ * <p>
+ * Thread-safe: concurrent module builds (with {@code -T}) each write to their
+ * own entry in a {@link ConcurrentHashMap}.
+ * <p>
+ * Log capture: registers a callback on {@link ProjectBuildLogAppender} to
+ * receive the already-formed {@link LogEvent} objects produced by the main
+ * logging pipeline. Uses thread-based tracking to associate events with
+ * the currently-executing mojo or module.
+ *
+ * @since 4.1.0
+ */
+@Singleton
+@Named
+public final class BuildReportCollector extends AbstractEventSpy {
+
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(BuildReportCollector.class);
+
+    static final String REPORT_DIR = "build-reports";
+    static final String REPORT_LATEST = "build-report-latest.json";
+    static final String TRACE_ID_MDC_KEY = "otel.trace_id";
+    static final String SPAN_ID_MDC_KEY = "otel.span_id";
+
+    private static final int MAX_STACKTRACE_LINES = 30;
+
+    /**
+     * Maximum number of log events captured per scope (mojo, module, or 
build).
+     * Beyond this, events are silently dropped to prevent unbounded memory 
growth.
+     */
+    static final int MAX_LOG_EVENTS_PER_SCOPE = 500;
+
+    // ---- Mutable state, populated during the build ----
+
+    /** Per-project mojo tracking: project key -> list of in-flight/completed 
mojos. */
+    private final Map<String, List<MojoTiming>> mojoTimings = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-project start instants for duration computation. */
+    private final Map<String, Instant> projectStartTimes = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-project trace context captured when the project starts. */
+    private final Map<String, TraceContext> projectTraceContexts = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-mojo start instants for duration computation. */
+    private final Map<String, Instant> mojoStartTimes = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-mojo trace context captured when the mojo starts. */
+    private final Map<String, TraceContext> mojoTraceContexts = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Session-level state - set once on SessionStarted. */
+    private volatile MavenSession session;
+
+    /** Build environment - captured once at SessionStarted, immutable 
thereafter. */
+    private volatile BuildInvocation buildEnvironment;
+
+    // ---- Log capture state ----
+
+    /**
+     * Maps thread ID -> mojo key for the currently-executing mojo on that 
thread.
+     * Lifecycle events and mojo execution run on the same thread, so this is 
safe
+     * for parallel builds with {@code -T}.
+     */
+    private final Map<Long, String> currentMojoByThread = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-mojo log buffers: mojo key -> captured log events. */
+    private final Map<String, List<LogEvent>> mojoLogBuffers = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /**
+     * Maps thread ID -> project key for the currently-building project on 
that thread.
+     * Used to route log events that occur between mojo executions to the 
module-level buffer.
+     */
+    private final Map<Long, String> currentProjectByThread = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-module log buffers: project key -> events captured outside any 
mojo. */
+    private final Map<String, List<LogEvent>> moduleLogBuffers = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Build-level log buffer: events captured outside any module lifecycle. 
*/
+    private final List<LogEvent> buildLogBuffer = 
Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>());
+
+    @Override
+    public void onEvent(Object event) {
+        if (event instanceof ExecutionEvent executionEvent) {
+            switch (executionEvent.getType()) {
+                case SessionStarted:
+                    onSessionStarted(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case SessionEnded:
+                    onSessionEnded(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case ProjectStarted:
+                    onProjectStarted(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case ProjectSucceeded:
+                case ProjectFailed:
+                case ProjectSkipped:
+                    onProjectFinished(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case MojoStarted:
+                    onMojoStarted(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case MojoSucceeded:
+                case MojoFailed:
+                    onMojoFinished(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case MojoSkipped:
+                    onMojoSkipped(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ---- Event handlers ----
+
+    private void onSessionStarted(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        this.session = event.getSession();
+        this.buildEnvironment = DefaultBuildInvocation.from(this.session);
+        installLogCapture();
+    }
+
+    private void onSessionEnded(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        removeLogCapture();
+
+        MavenSession endSession = event.getSession();
+        if (endSession == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            BuildReport report = buildReport(endSession);
+            writeReport(report, endSession);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            // Never let the report collector crash the build
+            LOGGER.debug("Failed to produce build report: {}", e.getMessage(), 
e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void onProjectStarted(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        String key = projectKey(event.getProject());
+        projectStartTimes.put(key, MonotonicClock.now());
+        projectTraceContexts.put(key, currentTraceContext());
+        mojoTimings.putIfAbsent(key, Collections.synchronizedList(new 
ArrayList<>()));
+        moduleLogBuffers.put(key, Collections.synchronizedList(new 
ArrayList<>()));
+        currentProjectByThread.put(Thread.currentThread().getId(), key);
+    }
+
+    private void onProjectFinished(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        // Unregister the project from this thread so subsequent log events
+        // fall through to the build-level buffer
+        currentProjectByThread.remove(Thread.currentThread().getId());
+    }
+
+    private void onMojoStarted(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        String mKey = mojoKey(event.getProject(), event.getMojoExecution());
+        mojoStartTimes.put(mKey, MonotonicClock.now());
+        mojoTraceContexts.put(mKey, currentTraceContext());
+
+        // Register the current mojo for this thread so the log event sink
+        // can associate events with this mojo execution
+        currentMojoByThread.put(Thread.currentThread().getId(), mKey);
+        mojoLogBuffers.put(mKey, Collections.synchronizedList(new 
ArrayList<>()));
+    }
+
+    private void onMojoFinished(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        MojoExecution mojo = event.getMojoExecution();
+        MavenProject project = event.getProject();
+        String mKey = mojoKey(project, mojo);
+        String pKey = projectKey(project);
+
+        // Unregister the mojo from this thread
+        currentMojoByThread.remove(Thread.currentThread().getId());
+
+        Instant now = MonotonicClock.now();
+        Instant startInstant = mojoStartTimes.remove(mKey);
+        TraceContext traceContext = mojoTraceContexts.remove(mKey);
+        if (traceContext == null) {
+            traceContext = TraceContext.EMPTY;
+        }
+        if (startInstant == null) {
+            startInstant = now;
+        }
+        Duration duration = Duration.between(startInstant, now);
+
+        BuildStatus status =
+                event.getType() == ExecutionEvent.Type.MojoSucceeded ? 
BuildStatus.SUCCESS : BuildStatus.FAILURE;
+
+        // Drain the log buffer for this mojo
+        List<LogEvent> logBuffer = mojoLogBuffers.remove(mKey);
+        List<LogEvent> output = logBuffer != null ? List.copyOf(logBuffer) : 
List.of();
+
+        MojoTiming timing = new MojoTiming(
+                mojo.getGroupId(),
+                mojo.getArtifactId(),
+                mojo.getVersion(),
+                mojo.getGoal(),
+                mojo.getExecutionId(),
+                mojo.getLifecyclePhase(),
+                status,
+                startInstant,
+                duration,
+                traceContext.traceId,
+                traceContext.spanId,
+                output);
+
+        mojoTimings
+                .computeIfAbsent(pKey, k -> Collections.synchronizedList(new 
ArrayList<>()))
+                .add(timing);
+    }
+
+    private void onMojoSkipped(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        MojoExecution mojo = event.getMojoExecution();
+        MavenProject project = event.getProject();
+        String pKey = projectKey(project);
+
+        Instant now = MonotonicClock.now();
+        TraceContext traceContext = TraceContext.EMPTY;
+
+        MojoTiming timing = new MojoTiming(
+                mojo.getGroupId(),
+                mojo.getArtifactId(),
+                mojo.getVersion(),
+                mojo.getGoal(),
+                mojo.getExecutionId(),
+                mojo.getLifecyclePhase(),
+                BuildStatus.SKIPPED,
+                now,
+                Duration.ZERO,
+                traceContext.traceId,
+                traceContext.spanId,
+                List.of());
+
+        mojoTimings
+                .computeIfAbsent(pKey, k -> Collections.synchronizedList(new 
ArrayList<>()))
+                .add(timing);
+    }
+
+    // ---- Structured log capture ----
+
+    /**
+     * Registers a callback on {@link ProjectBuildLogAppender} to receive the
+     * already-formed {@link LogEvent} objects from the main logging pipeline.
+     * This eliminates the need for a separate capture path and ensures the
+     * build report captures the same enriched events (with sequence number,
+     * source metadata) as the console output.
+     */
+    private void installLogCapture() {
+        ProjectBuildLogAppender.setReportCapture(this::captureLogEvent);
+    }
+
+    private void removeLogCapture() {
+        ProjectBuildLogAppender.setReportCapture(null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Routes a pre-formed {@link LogEvent} to the appropriate buffer
+     * (mojo, module, or build-level) based on the current thread's
+     * lifecycle context.
+     */
+    private void captureLogEvent(LogEvent event) {
+        long threadId = Thread.currentThread().getId();
+
+        // 1. Mojo-level: event belongs to the currently-executing mojo on 
this thread
+        String mKey = currentMojoByThread.get(threadId);
+        if (mKey != null) {
+            List<LogEvent> buffer = mojoLogBuffers.get(mKey);
+            if (buffer != null && buffer.size() < MAX_LOG_EVENTS_PER_SCOPE) {
+                buffer.add(event);
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // 2. Module-level: project is active but no mojo is running
+        String pKey = currentProjectByThread.get(threadId);
+        if (pKey != null) {
+            List<LogEvent> buffer = moduleLogBuffers.get(pKey);
+            if (buffer != null && buffer.size() < MAX_LOG_EVENTS_PER_SCOPE) {
+                buffer.add(event);

Review Comment:
   ⚠️ **NEW: Same TOCTOU race on module log buffer**
   
   Same unsynchronized compound check-then-add as the mojo buffer above. Apply 
the same fix:
   
   ```suggestion
               synchronized (buffer) {
                   if (buffer.size() < MAX_LOG_EVENTS_PER_SCOPE) {
                       buffer.add(event);
                   }
               }
   ```



##########
impl/maven-core/src/main/java/org/apache/maven/internal/build/BuildReportCollector.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,644 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.maven.internal.build;
+
+import javax.inject.Named;
+import javax.inject.Singleton;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+import java.nio.file.AtomicMoveNotSupportedException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.time.ZoneOffset;
+import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+
+import org.apache.maven.api.BuildInvocation;
+import org.apache.maven.api.MonotonicClock;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.BuildReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.BuildStatus;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.FailureReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.ModuleReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.MojoReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.logging.LogEvent;
+import org.apache.maven.eventspy.AbstractEventSpy;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.BuildFailure;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.BuildSuccess;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.BuildSummary;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.ExecutionEvent;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.MavenExecutionResult;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.MavenSession;
+import org.apache.maven.logging.ProjectBuildLogAppender;
+import org.apache.maven.plugin.MojoExecution;
+import org.apache.maven.project.MavenProject;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+import org.slf4j.MDC;
+
+/**
+ * Collects build lifecycle events and produces a structured {@link 
BuildReport}
+ * at the end of the session.
+ * <p>
+ * Registered as an {@link org.apache.maven.eventspy.EventSpy} via {@code 
@Named}/{@code @Singleton},
+ * following the same pattern as {@code DefaultPluginValidationManager}.
+ * <p>
+ * Thread-safe: concurrent module builds (with {@code -T}) each write to their
+ * own entry in a {@link ConcurrentHashMap}.
+ * <p>
+ * Log capture: registers a callback on {@link ProjectBuildLogAppender} to
+ * receive the already-formed {@link LogEvent} objects produced by the main
+ * logging pipeline. Uses thread-based tracking to associate events with
+ * the currently-executing mojo or module.
+ *
+ * @since 4.1.0
+ */
+@Singleton
+@Named
+public final class BuildReportCollector extends AbstractEventSpy {
+
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(BuildReportCollector.class);
+
+    static final String REPORT_DIR = "build-reports";
+    static final String REPORT_LATEST = "build-report-latest.json";
+    static final String TRACE_ID_MDC_KEY = "otel.trace_id";
+    static final String SPAN_ID_MDC_KEY = "otel.span_id";
+
+    private static final int MAX_STACKTRACE_LINES = 30;
+
+    /**
+     * Maximum number of log events captured per scope (mojo, module, or 
build).
+     * Beyond this, events are silently dropped to prevent unbounded memory 
growth.
+     */
+    static final int MAX_LOG_EVENTS_PER_SCOPE = 500;
+
+    // ---- Mutable state, populated during the build ----
+
+    /** Per-project mojo tracking: project key -> list of in-flight/completed 
mojos. */
+    private final Map<String, List<MojoTiming>> mojoTimings = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-project start instants for duration computation. */
+    private final Map<String, Instant> projectStartTimes = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-project trace context captured when the project starts. */
+    private final Map<String, TraceContext> projectTraceContexts = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-mojo start instants for duration computation. */
+    private final Map<String, Instant> mojoStartTimes = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-mojo trace context captured when the mojo starts. */
+    private final Map<String, TraceContext> mojoTraceContexts = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Session-level state - set once on SessionStarted. */
+    private volatile MavenSession session;
+
+    /** Build environment - captured once at SessionStarted, immutable 
thereafter. */
+    private volatile BuildInvocation buildEnvironment;
+
+    // ---- Log capture state ----
+
+    /**
+     * Maps thread ID -> mojo key for the currently-executing mojo on that 
thread.
+     * Lifecycle events and mojo execution run on the same thread, so this is 
safe
+     * for parallel builds with {@code -T}.
+     */
+    private final Map<Long, String> currentMojoByThread = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-mojo log buffers: mojo key -> captured log events. */
+    private final Map<String, List<LogEvent>> mojoLogBuffers = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /**
+     * Maps thread ID -> project key for the currently-building project on 
that thread.
+     * Used to route log events that occur between mojo executions to the 
module-level buffer.
+     */
+    private final Map<Long, String> currentProjectByThread = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-module log buffers: project key -> events captured outside any 
mojo. */
+    private final Map<String, List<LogEvent>> moduleLogBuffers = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Build-level log buffer: events captured outside any module lifecycle. 
*/
+    private final List<LogEvent> buildLogBuffer = 
Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>());
+
+    @Override
+    public void onEvent(Object event) {
+        if (event instanceof ExecutionEvent executionEvent) {
+            switch (executionEvent.getType()) {
+                case SessionStarted:
+                    onSessionStarted(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case SessionEnded:
+                    onSessionEnded(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case ProjectStarted:
+                    onProjectStarted(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case ProjectSucceeded:
+                case ProjectFailed:
+                case ProjectSkipped:
+                    onProjectFinished(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case MojoStarted:
+                    onMojoStarted(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case MojoSucceeded:
+                case MojoFailed:
+                    onMojoFinished(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case MojoSkipped:
+                    onMojoSkipped(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ---- Event handlers ----
+
+    private void onSessionStarted(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        this.session = event.getSession();
+        this.buildEnvironment = DefaultBuildInvocation.from(this.session);
+        installLogCapture();
+    }
+
+    private void onSessionEnded(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        removeLogCapture();
+
+        MavenSession endSession = event.getSession();
+        if (endSession == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            BuildReport report = buildReport(endSession);
+            writeReport(report, endSession);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            // Never let the report collector crash the build
+            LOGGER.debug("Failed to produce build report: {}", e.getMessage(), 
e);

Review Comment:
   ⚠️ **Report failure is invisible in normal operation** — still not fixed 
from the previous review.
   
   The IO write failure (line 575) correctly uses `LOGGER.warn`. The outer 
catch here — which covers `buildReport()` assembly failures — still uses 
`DEBUG`. A user relying on `target/build-report.json` gets no indication when 
it silently fails to produce one.
   
   ```suggestion
               LOGGER.warn("Failed to produce build report: {}", 
e.getMessage(), e);
   ```



##########
impl/maven-core/src/main/java/org/apache/maven/internal/build/BuildReportCollector.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,644 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.maven.internal.build;
+
+import javax.inject.Named;
+import javax.inject.Singleton;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+import java.nio.file.AtomicMoveNotSupportedException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.time.ZoneOffset;
+import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+
+import org.apache.maven.api.BuildInvocation;
+import org.apache.maven.api.MonotonicClock;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.BuildReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.BuildStatus;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.FailureReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.ModuleReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.MojoReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.logging.LogEvent;
+import org.apache.maven.eventspy.AbstractEventSpy;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.BuildFailure;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.BuildSuccess;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.BuildSummary;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.ExecutionEvent;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.MavenExecutionResult;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.MavenSession;
+import org.apache.maven.logging.ProjectBuildLogAppender;
+import org.apache.maven.plugin.MojoExecution;
+import org.apache.maven.project.MavenProject;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+import org.slf4j.MDC;
+
+/**
+ * Collects build lifecycle events and produces a structured {@link 
BuildReport}
+ * at the end of the session.
+ * <p>
+ * Registered as an {@link org.apache.maven.eventspy.EventSpy} via {@code 
@Named}/{@code @Singleton},
+ * following the same pattern as {@code DefaultPluginValidationManager}.
+ * <p>
+ * Thread-safe: concurrent module builds (with {@code -T}) each write to their
+ * own entry in a {@link ConcurrentHashMap}.
+ * <p>
+ * Log capture: registers a callback on {@link ProjectBuildLogAppender} to
+ * receive the already-formed {@link LogEvent} objects produced by the main
+ * logging pipeline. Uses thread-based tracking to associate events with
+ * the currently-executing mojo or module.
+ *
+ * @since 4.1.0
+ */
+@Singleton
+@Named
+public final class BuildReportCollector extends AbstractEventSpy {
+
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(BuildReportCollector.class);
+
+    static final String REPORT_DIR = "build-reports";
+    static final String REPORT_LATEST = "build-report-latest.json";
+    static final String TRACE_ID_MDC_KEY = "otel.trace_id";
+    static final String SPAN_ID_MDC_KEY = "otel.span_id";
+
+    private static final int MAX_STACKTRACE_LINES = 30;
+
+    /**
+     * Maximum number of log events captured per scope (mojo, module, or 
build).
+     * Beyond this, events are silently dropped to prevent unbounded memory 
growth.
+     */
+    static final int MAX_LOG_EVENTS_PER_SCOPE = 500;

Review Comment:
   ⚠️ **Silent log-event truncation — consumers cannot detect incomplete 
lists** — still not fixed from the previous review.
   
   Events beyond `MAX_LOG_EVENTS_PER_SCOPE = 500` are silently dropped. The 
Javadoc on `MojoReport.output()` says "The list may be truncated" but there is 
no programmatic flag (`outputTruncated`, `droppedEventCount`) in the API or the 
JSON output. A consumer reading 500 events cannot distinguish "exactly 500 
events" from "500 events capped".
   
   Stack traces handle this correctly: `truncateStackTrace()` appends `"... N 
more lines truncated"`. Log event lists need the same treatment — either a 
`boolean outputTruncated()` in each report interface, or a sentinel final entry 
when the limit is hit.



##########
api/maven-api-core/src/main/java/org/apache/maven/api/build/report/BuildReport.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.maven.api.build.report;
+
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+import org.apache.maven.api.BuildInvocation;
+import org.apache.maven.api.annotations.Experimental;
+import org.apache.maven.api.annotations.Immutable;
+import org.apache.maven.api.annotations.Nonnull;
+import org.apache.maven.api.logging.LogEvent;
+import org.apache.maven.api.services.BuilderProblem;
+
+/**
+ * A structured report of a Maven build execution, persisted to
+ * {@code target/build-report.json} at the end of every build.
+ * <p>
+ * The report captures metadata, per-module results (including mojo execution
+ * timings), and any failures. It is intended to be consumed by tools, IDEs,
+ * CI systems, and LLM agents without having to re-run the build or parse
+ * console output.
+ *
+ * @since 4.1.0
+ * @see ModuleReport
+ * @see FailureReport
+ */
+@Experimental
+@Immutable
+public interface BuildReport {
+
+    /**
+     * Semantic version of the report format (e.g. {@code "1.0"}).
+     * <p>
+     * Versioning policy:
+     * <ul>
+     *   <li><b>Minor</b> increments (1.0 &rarr; 1.1) are purely additive 
&mdash;
+     *       new fields may appear, but existing fields keep their name, type, 
and
+     *       meaning. Consumers that ignore unknown fields are 
forward-compatible.</li>
+     *   <li><b>Major</b> increments (1.x &rarr; 2.0) signal a breaking change 
&mdash;
+     *       fields may be removed, renamed, or change type. Consumers should 
check
+     *       the major version and refuse to parse an unsupported major.</li>
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @return the semver report version string, never {@code null}
+     * @since 4.1.0
+     */
+    @Nonnull
+    String reportVersion();
+
+    /**
+     * The invocation context of this build: flags, properties, and platform 
settings
+     * that were active when the session started.
+     *
+     * @return the build environment, never {@code null}
+     * @since 4.1.0
+     */
+    @Nonnull
+    BuildInvocation environment();
+
+    /**
+     * Schema version of the report format. Consumers should check this
+     * to handle forward compatibility.
+     *
+     * @return the format version, currently {@code 1}
+     */
+    int formatVersion();

Review Comment:
   ⚠️ **Missing `@since 4.1.0`** — still not fixed from the previous review.
   
   `formatVersion()` has no `@since` tag. Both adjacent methods — 
`reportVersion()` (line 68) and `environment()` (line 75) — have `@since 
4.1.0`. For a new public API on a `@since 4.1.0`-annotated interface, every 
method needs the tag.
   
   ```suggestion
       /**
        * Schema version of the report format. Consumers should check this
        * to handle forward compatibility.
        *
        * @return the format version, currently {@code 1}
        * @since 4.1.0
        */
       int formatVersion();
   ```



##########
impl/maven-core/src/main/java/org/apache/maven/internal/build/BuildReportCollector.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,644 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.maven.internal.build;
+
+import javax.inject.Named;
+import javax.inject.Singleton;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+import java.nio.file.AtomicMoveNotSupportedException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.time.ZoneOffset;
+import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+
+import org.apache.maven.api.BuildInvocation;
+import org.apache.maven.api.MonotonicClock;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.BuildReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.BuildStatus;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.FailureReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.ModuleReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.MojoReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.logging.LogEvent;
+import org.apache.maven.eventspy.AbstractEventSpy;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.BuildFailure;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.BuildSuccess;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.BuildSummary;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.ExecutionEvent;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.MavenExecutionResult;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.MavenSession;
+import org.apache.maven.logging.ProjectBuildLogAppender;
+import org.apache.maven.plugin.MojoExecution;
+import org.apache.maven.project.MavenProject;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+import org.slf4j.MDC;
+
+/**
+ * Collects build lifecycle events and produces a structured {@link 
BuildReport}
+ * at the end of the session.
+ * <p>
+ * Registered as an {@link org.apache.maven.eventspy.EventSpy} via {@code 
@Named}/{@code @Singleton},
+ * following the same pattern as {@code DefaultPluginValidationManager}.
+ * <p>
+ * Thread-safe: concurrent module builds (with {@code -T}) each write to their
+ * own entry in a {@link ConcurrentHashMap}.
+ * <p>
+ * Log capture: registers a callback on {@link ProjectBuildLogAppender} to
+ * receive the already-formed {@link LogEvent} objects produced by the main
+ * logging pipeline. Uses thread-based tracking to associate events with
+ * the currently-executing mojo or module.
+ *
+ * @since 4.1.0
+ */
+@Singleton
+@Named
+public final class BuildReportCollector extends AbstractEventSpy {
+
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(BuildReportCollector.class);
+
+    static final String REPORT_DIR = "build-reports";
+    static final String REPORT_LATEST = "build-report-latest.json";
+    static final String TRACE_ID_MDC_KEY = "otel.trace_id";
+    static final String SPAN_ID_MDC_KEY = "otel.span_id";
+
+    private static final int MAX_STACKTRACE_LINES = 30;
+
+    /**
+     * Maximum number of log events captured per scope (mojo, module, or 
build).
+     * Beyond this, events are silently dropped to prevent unbounded memory 
growth.
+     */
+    static final int MAX_LOG_EVENTS_PER_SCOPE = 500;
+
+    // ---- Mutable state, populated during the build ----
+
+    /** Per-project mojo tracking: project key -> list of in-flight/completed 
mojos. */
+    private final Map<String, List<MojoTiming>> mojoTimings = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-project start instants for duration computation. */
+    private final Map<String, Instant> projectStartTimes = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-project trace context captured when the project starts. */
+    private final Map<String, TraceContext> projectTraceContexts = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-mojo start instants for duration computation. */
+    private final Map<String, Instant> mojoStartTimes = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-mojo trace context captured when the mojo starts. */
+    private final Map<String, TraceContext> mojoTraceContexts = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Session-level state - set once on SessionStarted. */
+    private volatile MavenSession session;
+
+    /** Build environment - captured once at SessionStarted, immutable 
thereafter. */
+    private volatile BuildInvocation buildEnvironment;
+
+    // ---- Log capture state ----
+
+    /**
+     * Maps thread ID -> mojo key for the currently-executing mojo on that 
thread.
+     * Lifecycle events and mojo execution run on the same thread, so this is 
safe
+     * for parallel builds with {@code -T}.
+     */
+    private final Map<Long, String> currentMojoByThread = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-mojo log buffers: mojo key -> captured log events. */
+    private final Map<String, List<LogEvent>> mojoLogBuffers = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /**
+     * Maps thread ID -> project key for the currently-building project on 
that thread.
+     * Used to route log events that occur between mojo executions to the 
module-level buffer.
+     */
+    private final Map<Long, String> currentProjectByThread = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-module log buffers: project key -> events captured outside any 
mojo. */
+    private final Map<String, List<LogEvent>> moduleLogBuffers = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Build-level log buffer: events captured outside any module lifecycle. 
*/
+    private final List<LogEvent> buildLogBuffer = 
Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>());
+
+    @Override
+    public void onEvent(Object event) {
+        if (event instanceof ExecutionEvent executionEvent) {
+            switch (executionEvent.getType()) {
+                case SessionStarted:
+                    onSessionStarted(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case SessionEnded:
+                    onSessionEnded(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case ProjectStarted:
+                    onProjectStarted(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case ProjectSucceeded:
+                case ProjectFailed:
+                case ProjectSkipped:
+                    onProjectFinished(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case MojoStarted:
+                    onMojoStarted(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case MojoSucceeded:
+                case MojoFailed:
+                    onMojoFinished(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case MojoSkipped:
+                    onMojoSkipped(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ---- Event handlers ----
+
+    private void onSessionStarted(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        this.session = event.getSession();
+        this.buildEnvironment = DefaultBuildInvocation.from(this.session);
+        installLogCapture();
+    }
+
+    private void onSessionEnded(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        removeLogCapture();
+
+        MavenSession endSession = event.getSession();
+        if (endSession == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            BuildReport report = buildReport(endSession);
+            writeReport(report, endSession);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            // Never let the report collector crash the build
+            LOGGER.debug("Failed to produce build report: {}", e.getMessage(), 
e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void onProjectStarted(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        String key = projectKey(event.getProject());
+        projectStartTimes.put(key, MonotonicClock.now());
+        projectTraceContexts.put(key, currentTraceContext());
+        mojoTimings.putIfAbsent(key, Collections.synchronizedList(new 
ArrayList<>()));
+        moduleLogBuffers.put(key, Collections.synchronizedList(new 
ArrayList<>()));
+        currentProjectByThread.put(Thread.currentThread().getId(), key);
+    }
+
+    private void onProjectFinished(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        // Unregister the project from this thread so subsequent log events
+        // fall through to the build-level buffer
+        currentProjectByThread.remove(Thread.currentThread().getId());
+    }
+
+    private void onMojoStarted(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        String mKey = mojoKey(event.getProject(), event.getMojoExecution());
+        mojoStartTimes.put(mKey, MonotonicClock.now());
+        mojoTraceContexts.put(mKey, currentTraceContext());
+
+        // Register the current mojo for this thread so the log event sink
+        // can associate events with this mojo execution
+        currentMojoByThread.put(Thread.currentThread().getId(), mKey);
+        mojoLogBuffers.put(mKey, Collections.synchronizedList(new 
ArrayList<>()));
+    }
+
+    private void onMojoFinished(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        MojoExecution mojo = event.getMojoExecution();
+        MavenProject project = event.getProject();
+        String mKey = mojoKey(project, mojo);
+        String pKey = projectKey(project);
+
+        // Unregister the mojo from this thread
+        currentMojoByThread.remove(Thread.currentThread().getId());
+
+        Instant now = MonotonicClock.now();
+        Instant startInstant = mojoStartTimes.remove(mKey);
+        TraceContext traceContext = mojoTraceContexts.remove(mKey);
+        if (traceContext == null) {
+            traceContext = TraceContext.EMPTY;
+        }
+        if (startInstant == null) {
+            startInstant = now;
+        }
+        Duration duration = Duration.between(startInstant, now);
+
+        BuildStatus status =
+                event.getType() == ExecutionEvent.Type.MojoSucceeded ? 
BuildStatus.SUCCESS : BuildStatus.FAILURE;
+
+        // Drain the log buffer for this mojo
+        List<LogEvent> logBuffer = mojoLogBuffers.remove(mKey);
+        List<LogEvent> output = logBuffer != null ? List.copyOf(logBuffer) : 
List.of();
+
+        MojoTiming timing = new MojoTiming(
+                mojo.getGroupId(),
+                mojo.getArtifactId(),
+                mojo.getVersion(),
+                mojo.getGoal(),
+                mojo.getExecutionId(),
+                mojo.getLifecyclePhase(),
+                status,
+                startInstant,
+                duration,
+                traceContext.traceId,
+                traceContext.spanId,
+                output);
+
+        mojoTimings
+                .computeIfAbsent(pKey, k -> Collections.synchronizedList(new 
ArrayList<>()))
+                .add(timing);
+    }
+
+    private void onMojoSkipped(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        MojoExecution mojo = event.getMojoExecution();
+        MavenProject project = event.getProject();
+        String pKey = projectKey(project);
+
+        Instant now = MonotonicClock.now();
+        TraceContext traceContext = TraceContext.EMPTY;
+
+        MojoTiming timing = new MojoTiming(
+                mojo.getGroupId(),
+                mojo.getArtifactId(),
+                mojo.getVersion(),
+                mojo.getGoal(),
+                mojo.getExecutionId(),
+                mojo.getLifecyclePhase(),
+                BuildStatus.SKIPPED,
+                now,
+                Duration.ZERO,
+                traceContext.traceId,
+                traceContext.spanId,
+                List.of());
+
+        mojoTimings
+                .computeIfAbsent(pKey, k -> Collections.synchronizedList(new 
ArrayList<>()))
+                .add(timing);
+    }
+
+    // ---- Structured log capture ----
+
+    /**
+     * Registers a callback on {@link ProjectBuildLogAppender} to receive the
+     * already-formed {@link LogEvent} objects from the main logging pipeline.
+     * This eliminates the need for a separate capture path and ensures the
+     * build report captures the same enriched events (with sequence number,
+     * source metadata) as the console output.
+     */
+    private void installLogCapture() {
+        ProjectBuildLogAppender.setReportCapture(this::captureLogEvent);
+    }
+
+    private void removeLogCapture() {
+        ProjectBuildLogAppender.setReportCapture(null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Routes a pre-formed {@link LogEvent} to the appropriate buffer
+     * (mojo, module, or build-level) based on the current thread's
+     * lifecycle context.
+     */
+    private void captureLogEvent(LogEvent event) {
+        long threadId = Thread.currentThread().getId();
+
+        // 1. Mojo-level: event belongs to the currently-executing mojo on 
this thread
+        String mKey = currentMojoByThread.get(threadId);
+        if (mKey != null) {
+            List<LogEvent> buffer = mojoLogBuffers.get(mKey);
+            if (buffer != null && buffer.size() < MAX_LOG_EVENTS_PER_SCOPE) {
+                buffer.add(event);

Review Comment:
   ⚠️ **NEW: TOCTOU race on mojo log buffer**
   
   `mojoLogBuffers` entries are `Collections.synchronizedList` wrappers, but 
the compound `size() < MAX` check-then-`add()` is not externally synchronized. 
In a parallel build (`-T N`), two threads logging to the same mojo key can both 
observe `size() == 499` and both call `add()`, producing 501 events.
   
   The code's own comment at lines 350–351 explicitly identifies this exact 
hazard for `buildLogBuffer` and fixes it with `synchronized (buildLogBuffer)` — 
that fix was not applied here.
   
   ```suggestion
               synchronized (buffer) {
                   if (buffer.size() < MAX_LOG_EVENTS_PER_SCOPE) {
                       buffer.add(event);
                   }
               }
   ```



##########
impl/maven-core/src/main/java/org/apache/maven/internal/build/BuildReportCollector.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,644 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.maven.internal.build;
+
+import javax.inject.Named;
+import javax.inject.Singleton;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+import java.nio.file.AtomicMoveNotSupportedException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.time.ZoneOffset;
+import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+
+import org.apache.maven.api.BuildInvocation;
+import org.apache.maven.api.MonotonicClock;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.BuildReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.BuildStatus;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.FailureReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.ModuleReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.build.report.MojoReport;
+import org.apache.maven.api.logging.LogEvent;
+import org.apache.maven.eventspy.AbstractEventSpy;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.BuildFailure;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.BuildSuccess;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.BuildSummary;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.ExecutionEvent;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.MavenExecutionResult;
+import org.apache.maven.execution.MavenSession;
+import org.apache.maven.logging.ProjectBuildLogAppender;
+import org.apache.maven.plugin.MojoExecution;
+import org.apache.maven.project.MavenProject;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+import org.slf4j.MDC;
+
+/**
+ * Collects build lifecycle events and produces a structured {@link 
BuildReport}
+ * at the end of the session.
+ * <p>
+ * Registered as an {@link org.apache.maven.eventspy.EventSpy} via {@code 
@Named}/{@code @Singleton},
+ * following the same pattern as {@code DefaultPluginValidationManager}.
+ * <p>
+ * Thread-safe: concurrent module builds (with {@code -T}) each write to their
+ * own entry in a {@link ConcurrentHashMap}.
+ * <p>
+ * Log capture: registers a callback on {@link ProjectBuildLogAppender} to
+ * receive the already-formed {@link LogEvent} objects produced by the main
+ * logging pipeline. Uses thread-based tracking to associate events with
+ * the currently-executing mojo or module.
+ *
+ * @since 4.1.0
+ */
+@Singleton
+@Named
+public final class BuildReportCollector extends AbstractEventSpy {
+
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(BuildReportCollector.class);
+
+    static final String REPORT_DIR = "build-reports";
+    static final String REPORT_LATEST = "build-report-latest.json";
+    static final String TRACE_ID_MDC_KEY = "otel.trace_id";
+    static final String SPAN_ID_MDC_KEY = "otel.span_id";
+
+    private static final int MAX_STACKTRACE_LINES = 30;
+
+    /**
+     * Maximum number of log events captured per scope (mojo, module, or 
build).
+     * Beyond this, events are silently dropped to prevent unbounded memory 
growth.
+     */
+    static final int MAX_LOG_EVENTS_PER_SCOPE = 500;
+
+    // ---- Mutable state, populated during the build ----
+
+    /** Per-project mojo tracking: project key -> list of in-flight/completed 
mojos. */
+    private final Map<String, List<MojoTiming>> mojoTimings = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-project start instants for duration computation. */
+    private final Map<String, Instant> projectStartTimes = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-project trace context captured when the project starts. */
+    private final Map<String, TraceContext> projectTraceContexts = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-mojo start instants for duration computation. */
+    private final Map<String, Instant> mojoStartTimes = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-mojo trace context captured when the mojo starts. */
+    private final Map<String, TraceContext> mojoTraceContexts = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Session-level state - set once on SessionStarted. */
+    private volatile MavenSession session;
+
+    /** Build environment - captured once at SessionStarted, immutable 
thereafter. */
+    private volatile BuildInvocation buildEnvironment;
+
+    // ---- Log capture state ----
+
+    /**
+     * Maps thread ID -> mojo key for the currently-executing mojo on that 
thread.
+     * Lifecycle events and mojo execution run on the same thread, so this is 
safe
+     * for parallel builds with {@code -T}.
+     */
+    private final Map<Long, String> currentMojoByThread = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-mojo log buffers: mojo key -> captured log events. */
+    private final Map<String, List<LogEvent>> mojoLogBuffers = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /**
+     * Maps thread ID -> project key for the currently-building project on 
that thread.
+     * Used to route log events that occur between mojo executions to the 
module-level buffer.
+     */
+    private final Map<Long, String> currentProjectByThread = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Per-module log buffers: project key -> events captured outside any 
mojo. */
+    private final Map<String, List<LogEvent>> moduleLogBuffers = new 
ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /** Build-level log buffer: events captured outside any module lifecycle. 
*/
+    private final List<LogEvent> buildLogBuffer = 
Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>());
+
+    @Override
+    public void onEvent(Object event) {
+        if (event instanceof ExecutionEvent executionEvent) {
+            switch (executionEvent.getType()) {
+                case SessionStarted:
+                    onSessionStarted(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case SessionEnded:
+                    onSessionEnded(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case ProjectStarted:
+                    onProjectStarted(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case ProjectSucceeded:
+                case ProjectFailed:
+                case ProjectSkipped:
+                    onProjectFinished(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case MojoStarted:
+                    onMojoStarted(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case MojoSucceeded:
+                case MojoFailed:
+                    onMojoFinished(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                case MojoSkipped:
+                    onMojoSkipped(executionEvent);
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ---- Event handlers ----
+
+    private void onSessionStarted(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        this.session = event.getSession();
+        this.buildEnvironment = DefaultBuildInvocation.from(this.session);
+        installLogCapture();
+    }
+
+    private void onSessionEnded(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        removeLogCapture();
+
+        MavenSession endSession = event.getSession();
+        if (endSession == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            BuildReport report = buildReport(endSession);
+            writeReport(report, endSession);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            // Never let the report collector crash the build
+            LOGGER.debug("Failed to produce build report: {}", e.getMessage(), 
e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void onProjectStarted(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        String key = projectKey(event.getProject());
+        projectStartTimes.put(key, MonotonicClock.now());
+        projectTraceContexts.put(key, currentTraceContext());
+        mojoTimings.putIfAbsent(key, Collections.synchronizedList(new 
ArrayList<>()));
+        moduleLogBuffers.put(key, Collections.synchronizedList(new 
ArrayList<>()));
+        currentProjectByThread.put(Thread.currentThread().getId(), key);
+    }
+
+    private void onProjectFinished(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        // Unregister the project from this thread so subsequent log events
+        // fall through to the build-level buffer
+        currentProjectByThread.remove(Thread.currentThread().getId());
+    }
+
+    private void onMojoStarted(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        String mKey = mojoKey(event.getProject(), event.getMojoExecution());
+        mojoStartTimes.put(mKey, MonotonicClock.now());
+        mojoTraceContexts.put(mKey, currentTraceContext());
+
+        // Register the current mojo for this thread so the log event sink
+        // can associate events with this mojo execution
+        currentMojoByThread.put(Thread.currentThread().getId(), mKey);
+        mojoLogBuffers.put(mKey, Collections.synchronizedList(new 
ArrayList<>()));
+    }
+
+    private void onMojoFinished(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        MojoExecution mojo = event.getMojoExecution();
+        MavenProject project = event.getProject();
+        String mKey = mojoKey(project, mojo);
+        String pKey = projectKey(project);
+
+        // Unregister the mojo from this thread
+        currentMojoByThread.remove(Thread.currentThread().getId());
+
+        Instant now = MonotonicClock.now();
+        Instant startInstant = mojoStartTimes.remove(mKey);
+        TraceContext traceContext = mojoTraceContexts.remove(mKey);
+        if (traceContext == null) {
+            traceContext = TraceContext.EMPTY;
+        }
+        if (startInstant == null) {
+            startInstant = now;
+        }
+        Duration duration = Duration.between(startInstant, now);
+
+        BuildStatus status =
+                event.getType() == ExecutionEvent.Type.MojoSucceeded ? 
BuildStatus.SUCCESS : BuildStatus.FAILURE;
+
+        // Drain the log buffer for this mojo
+        List<LogEvent> logBuffer = mojoLogBuffers.remove(mKey);
+        List<LogEvent> output = logBuffer != null ? List.copyOf(logBuffer) : 
List.of();
+
+        MojoTiming timing = new MojoTiming(
+                mojo.getGroupId(),
+                mojo.getArtifactId(),
+                mojo.getVersion(),
+                mojo.getGoal(),
+                mojo.getExecutionId(),
+                mojo.getLifecyclePhase(),
+                status,
+                startInstant,
+                duration,
+                traceContext.traceId,
+                traceContext.spanId,
+                output);
+
+        mojoTimings
+                .computeIfAbsent(pKey, k -> Collections.synchronizedList(new 
ArrayList<>()))
+                .add(timing);
+    }
+
+    private void onMojoSkipped(ExecutionEvent event) {
+        MojoExecution mojo = event.getMojoExecution();
+        MavenProject project = event.getProject();
+        String pKey = projectKey(project);
+
+        Instant now = MonotonicClock.now();
+        TraceContext traceContext = TraceContext.EMPTY;
+
+        MojoTiming timing = new MojoTiming(
+                mojo.getGroupId(),
+                mojo.getArtifactId(),
+                mojo.getVersion(),
+                mojo.getGoal(),
+                mojo.getExecutionId(),
+                mojo.getLifecyclePhase(),
+                BuildStatus.SKIPPED,
+                now,
+                Duration.ZERO,
+                traceContext.traceId,
+                traceContext.spanId,
+                List.of());
+
+        mojoTimings
+                .computeIfAbsent(pKey, k -> Collections.synchronizedList(new 
ArrayList<>()))
+                .add(timing);
+    }
+
+    // ---- Structured log capture ----
+
+    /**
+     * Registers a callback on {@link ProjectBuildLogAppender} to receive the
+     * already-formed {@link LogEvent} objects from the main logging pipeline.
+     * This eliminates the need for a separate capture path and ensures the
+     * build report captures the same enriched events (with sequence number,
+     * source metadata) as the console output.
+     */
+    private void installLogCapture() {
+        ProjectBuildLogAppender.setReportCapture(this::captureLogEvent);
+    }
+
+    private void removeLogCapture() {
+        ProjectBuildLogAppender.setReportCapture(null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Routes a pre-formed {@link LogEvent} to the appropriate buffer
+     * (mojo, module, or build-level) based on the current thread's
+     * lifecycle context.
+     */
+    private void captureLogEvent(LogEvent event) {
+        long threadId = Thread.currentThread().getId();
+
+        // 1. Mojo-level: event belongs to the currently-executing mojo on 
this thread
+        String mKey = currentMojoByThread.get(threadId);
+        if (mKey != null) {
+            List<LogEvent> buffer = mojoLogBuffers.get(mKey);
+            if (buffer != null && buffer.size() < MAX_LOG_EVENTS_PER_SCOPE) {
+                buffer.add(event);
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // 2. Module-level: project is active but no mojo is running
+        String pKey = currentProjectByThread.get(threadId);
+        if (pKey != null) {
+            List<LogEvent> buffer = moduleLogBuffers.get(pKey);
+            if (buffer != null && buffer.size() < MAX_LOG_EVENTS_PER_SCOPE) {
+                buffer.add(event);

Review Comment:
   ⚠️ **NEW: Same TOCTOU race on module log buffer**
   
   Same unsynchronized compound check-then-add as the mojo buffer above. Apply 
the same fix:
   
   ```suggestion
               synchronized (buffer) {
                   if (buffer.size() < MAX_LOG_EVENTS_PER_SCOPE) {
                       buffer.add(event);
                   }
               }
   ```



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