msokolov commented on code in PR #14226:
URL: https://github.com/apache/lucene/pull/14226#discussion_r1962256467


##########
lucene/core/src/java/org/apache/lucene/search/OptimisticKnnVectorQuery.java:
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@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.lucene.search;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
+import org.apache.lucene.codecs.lucene90.IndexedDISI;
+import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexReader;
+import org.apache.lucene.index.KnnVectorValues;
+import org.apache.lucene.index.LeafReaderContext;
+import org.apache.lucene.search.knn.KnnCollectorManager;
+import org.apache.lucene.search.knn.KnnSearchStrategy;
+
+/**
+ * Like {@link KnnFloatVectorQuery} but makes an optimistic assumption about 
the distribution of
+ * documents among segments: namely that they are uniform-random w.r.t. vector 
distance. This is
+ * unsafe, so it checks the assumption after running the queries and runs a 
second pass if needed in
+ * any segments for which the assumption proves to be false. The check is 
simple: is the worst hit
+ * in the result queue for a segment in the global top K? If so, explore that 
segment further using
+ * seeded KNN search query, seeding with the initial results.
+ */
+// TODO: rename as float? move methods to AbstractKnnVectorQuery?  make a 
Strategy? Replace existing
+// collection strategy?
+// yes, I think we should merge this stuff w/AbstractKnnVectorQuery, enable it 
with a
+// KnnSearchStrategy,
+// and extend KnnFloatVectorQuery/KnnByteVectorQuery in a simple way
+public class OptimisticKnnVectorQuery extends KnnFloatVectorQuery {
+
+  public OptimisticKnnVectorQuery(String field, float[] target, int k, Query 
filter) {
+    super(field, target, k, filter);
+  }
+
+  public OptimisticKnnVectorQuery(String field, float[] target, int k) {
+    super(field, target, k, null);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public Query rewrite(IndexSearcher indexSearcher) throws IOException {
+    IndexReader reader = indexSearcher.getIndexReader();
+
+    final Weight filterWeight;
+    if (filter != null) {
+      BooleanQuery booleanQuery =
+          new BooleanQuery.Builder()
+              .add(filter, BooleanClause.Occur.FILTER)
+              .add(new FieldExistsQuery(field), BooleanClause.Occur.FILTER)
+              .build();
+      Query rewritten = indexSearcher.rewrite(booleanQuery);
+      filterWeight = indexSearcher.createWeight(rewritten, 
ScoreMode.COMPLETE_NO_SCORES, 1f);
+    } else {
+      filterWeight = null;
+    }
+
+    TimeLimitingKnnCollectorManager knnCollectorManager =
+        new TimeLimitingKnnCollectorManager(
+            getKnnCollectorManager(k, indexSearcher), 
indexSearcher.getTimeout());
+    TaskExecutor taskExecutor = indexSearcher.getTaskExecutor();
+    List<LeafReaderContext> leafReaderContexts = new 
ArrayList<>(reader.leaves());
+    List<Callable<TopDocs>> tasks = new ArrayList<>(leafReaderContexts.size());
+    for (LeafReaderContext context : leafReaderContexts) {
+      tasks.add(() -> searchLeaf(context, filterWeight, knnCollectorManager));
+    }
+    TopDocs topK = null;
+    Map<Integer, TopDocs> perLeafResults = new 
HashMap<>(leafReaderContexts.size());
+    int kInLoop = k;
+    while (tasks.isEmpty() == false) {
+      List<TopDocs> taskResults = taskExecutor.invokeAll(tasks);
+      for (int i = 0; i < taskResults.size(); i++) {
+        perLeafResults.put(leafReaderContexts.get(i).ord, taskResults.get(i));
+      }
+      tasks.clear();
+      // Merge sort the results
+      topK = mergeLeafResults(perLeafResults.values().toArray(TopDocs[]::new));
+      if (topK.scoreDocs.length == 0 || perLeafResults.size() <= 1) {
+        break;
+      }
+      float minTopKScore = topK.scoreDocs[topK.scoreDocs.length - 1].score;
+      kInLoop *= 2;
+      TimeLimitingKnnCollectorManager knnCollectorManagerInner =
+          new TimeLimitingKnnCollectorManager(
+              new ReentrantKnnCollectorManager(
+                  getKnnCollectorManager(kInLoop, indexSearcher), 
perLeafResults),
+              indexSearcher.getTimeout());
+      // System.out.println("k=" + k + " kloop=" + kInLoop);
+      Iterator<LeafReaderContext> ctxIter = leafReaderContexts.iterator();
+      while (ctxIter.hasNext()) {
+        LeafReaderContext ctx = ctxIter.next();
+        TopDocs perLeaf = perLeafResults.get(ctx.ord);
+        if (perLeaf.scoreDocs.length > 0

Review Comment:
   yes that would be critical to understanding what's going on here! Maybe we 
can extend TopK to include some metrics? Not sure what the best API is here



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