Fokko commented on code in PR #219:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg-python/pull/219#discussion_r1452677656


##########
pyiceberg/table/__init__.py:
##########
@@ -831,6 +832,13 @@ def history(self) -> List[SnapshotLogEntry]:
     def update_schema(self, allow_incompatible_changes: bool = False, 
case_sensitive: bool = True) -> UpdateSchema:
         return UpdateSchema(self, 
allow_incompatible_changes=allow_incompatible_changes, 
case_sensitive=case_sensitive)
 
+    def name_mapping(self) -> Optional[NameMapping]:
+        """Return the table's field-id NameMapping."""
+        if name_mapping_json := 
self.properties.get(SCHEMA_NAME_MAPPING_DEFAULT):
+            return parse_mapping_from_json(name_mapping_json)
+        else:
+            return None

Review Comment:
   ```suggestion
       def name_mapping(self) -> NameMapping:
           """Return the table's field-id NameMapping."""
           if name_mapping_json := 
self.properties.get(SCHEMA_NAME_MAPPING_DEFAULT):
               return parse_mapping_from_json(name_mapping_json)
           else:
               return create_mapping_from_schema(self.schema())
   ```



##########
pyiceberg/io/pyarrow.py:
##########
@@ -733,42 +854,178 @@ def _get_field_id(field: pa.Field) -> Optional[int]:
     )
 
 
-class _ConvertToIceberg(PyArrowSchemaVisitor[Union[IcebergType, Schema]]):
-    def _convert_fields(self, arrow_fields: Iterable[pa.Field], field_results: 
List[Optional[IcebergType]]) -> List[NestedField]:
-        fields = []
-        for i, field in enumerate(arrow_fields):
-            field_id = _get_field_id(field)
-            field_doc = doc_str.decode() if (field.metadata and (doc_str := 
field.metadata.get(PYARROW_FIELD_DOC_KEY))) else None
-            field_type = field_results[i]
-            if field_type is not None and field_id is not None:
-                fields.append(NestedField(field_id, field.name, field_type, 
required=not field.nullable, doc=field_doc))
-        return fields
-
-    def schema(self, schema: pa.Schema, field_results: 
List[Optional[IcebergType]]) -> Schema:
-        return Schema(*self._convert_fields(schema, field_results))
-
-    def struct(self, struct: pa.StructType, field_results: 
List[Optional[IcebergType]]) -> IcebergType:
-        return StructType(*self._convert_fields(struct, field_results))
-
-    def list(self, list_type: pa.ListType, element_result: 
Optional[IcebergType]) -> Optional[IcebergType]:
+class _HasIds(PyArrowSchemaVisitor[bool]):
+    def schema(self, schema: pa.Schema, struct_result: bool) -> bool:
+        return struct_result
+
+    def struct(self, struct: pa.StructType, field_results: List[bool]) -> bool:
+        return all(field_results)
+
+    def field(self, field: pa.Field, field_result: bool) -> bool:
+        return all([_get_field_id(field) is not None, field_result])
+
+    def list(self, list_type: pa.ListType, element_result: bool) -> bool:
         element_field = list_type.value_field
         element_id = _get_field_id(element_field)
-        if element_result is not None and element_id is not None:
-            return ListType(element_id, element_result, element_required=not 
element_field.nullable)
-        return None
+        return element_result and element_id is not None
 
-    def map(
-        self, map_type: pa.MapType, key_result: Optional[IcebergType], 
value_result: Optional[IcebergType]
-    ) -> Optional[IcebergType]:
+    def map(self, map_type: pa.MapType, key_result: bool, value_result: bool) 
-> bool:
         key_field = map_type.key_field
         key_id = _get_field_id(key_field)
         value_field = map_type.item_field
         value_id = _get_field_id(value_field)
-        if key_result is not None and value_result is not None and key_id is 
not None and value_id is not None:
-            return MapType(key_id, key_result, value_id, value_result, 
value_required=not value_field.nullable)
-        return None
+        return all([key_id is not None, value_id is not None, key_result, 
value_result])
+
+    def primitive(self, primitive: pa.DataType) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+
+class _ConvertToIceberg(PyArrowSchemaVisitor[Union[IcebergType, Schema]]):
+    """Converts PyArrowSchema to Iceberg Schema. Applies the IDs from 
name_mapping if provided."""
+
+    _field_names: List[str]
+    _name_mapping: Optional[NameMapping]
+
+    def __init__(self, name_mapping: Optional[NameMapping] = None) -> None:
+        self._field_names = []
+        self._name_mapping = name_mapping
+
+    def _current_path(self) -> str:
+        return ".".join(self._field_names)
+
+    def _field_id(self, field: pa.Field) -> int:
+        if self._name_mapping:
+            return self._name_mapping.find(self._current_path()).field_id
+        elif (field_id := _get_field_id(field)) is not None:
+            return field_id
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(f"Cannot convert {field} to Iceberg Field as 
field_id is empty.")
+
+    def schema(self, schema: pa.Schema, struct_result: StructType) -> Schema:
+        return Schema(*struct_result.fields)
+
+    def struct(self, struct: pa.StructType, field_results: List[NestedField]) 
-> StructType:
+        return StructType(*field_results)
+
+    def field(self, field: pa.Field, field_result: IcebergType) -> NestedField:
+        field_id = self._field_id(field)
+        field_doc = doc_str.decode() if (field.metadata and (doc_str := 
field.metadata.get(PYARROW_FIELD_DOC_KEY))) else None
+        field_type = field_result
+        return NestedField(field_id, field.name, field_type, required=not 
field.nullable, doc=field_doc)
+
+    def list(self, list_type: pa.ListType, element_result: IcebergType) -> 
ListType:
+        element_field = list_type.value_field
+        self._field_names.append(LIST_ELEMENT_NAME)
+        element_id = self._field_id(element_field)
+        self._field_names.pop()
+        return ListType(element_id, element_result, element_required=not 
element_field.nullable)
 
-    def primitive(self, primitive: pa.DataType) -> IcebergType:
+    def map(self, map_type: pa.MapType, key_result: IcebergType, value_result: 
IcebergType) -> MapType:
+        key_field = map_type.key_field
+        self._field_names.append(MAP_KEY_NAME)
+        key_id = self._field_id(key_field)
+        self._field_names.pop()
+        value_field = map_type.item_field
+        self._field_names.append(MAP_VALUE_NAME)
+        value_id = self._field_id(value_field)
+        self._field_names.pop()
+        return MapType(key_id, key_result, value_id, value_result, 
value_required=not value_field.nullable)
+
+    def primitive(self, primitive: pa.DataType) -> PrimitiveType:
+        if pa.types.is_boolean(primitive):
+            return BooleanType()
+        elif pa.types.is_int32(primitive):
+            return IntegerType()
+        elif pa.types.is_int64(primitive):
+            return LongType()
+        elif pa.types.is_float32(primitive):
+            return FloatType()
+        elif pa.types.is_float64(primitive):
+            return DoubleType()
+        elif isinstance(primitive, pa.Decimal128Type):
+            primitive = cast(pa.Decimal128Type, primitive)
+            return DecimalType(primitive.precision, primitive.scale)
+        elif pa.types.is_string(primitive):
+            return StringType()
+        elif pa.types.is_date32(primitive):
+            return DateType()
+        elif isinstance(primitive, pa.Time64Type) and primitive.unit == "us":
+            return TimeType()
+        elif pa.types.is_timestamp(primitive):
+            primitive = cast(pa.TimestampType, primitive)
+            if primitive.unit == "us":
+                if primitive.tz == "UTC" or primitive.tz == "+00:00":
+                    return TimestamptzType()
+                elif primitive.tz is None:
+                    return TimestampType()
+        elif pa.types.is_binary(primitive):
+            return BinaryType()
+        elif pa.types.is_fixed_size_binary(primitive):
+            primitive = cast(pa.FixedSizeBinaryType, primitive)
+            return FixedType(primitive.byte_width)
+
+        raise TypeError(f"Unsupported type: {primitive}")
+
+    def before_field(self, field: pa.Field) -> None:
+        self._field_names.append(field.name)
+
+    def after_field(self, field: pa.Field) -> None:
+        self._field_names.pop()
+
+    def before_list_element(self, element: pa.Field) -> None:
+        self._field_names.append(LIST_ELEMENT_NAME)
+
+    def after_list_element(self, element: pa.Field) -> None:
+        self._field_names.pop()
+
+    def before_map_key(self, key: pa.Field) -> None:
+        self._field_names.append(MAP_KEY_NAME)
+
+    def after_map_key(self, element: pa.Field) -> None:
+        self._field_names.pop()
+
+    def before_map_value(self, value: pa.Field) -> None:
+        self._field_names.append(MAP_VALUE_NAME)
+
+    def after_map_value(self, element: pa.Field) -> None:
+        self._field_names.pop()
+
+
+class 
_ConvertToIcebergWithFreshIds(PreOrderPyArrowSchemaVisitor[Union[IcebergType, 
Schema]]):

Review Comment:
   A visitor should do one thing, and do it well. WDYT of returning to the 
original ID of setting it as `-1` and then assigning fresh IDs using the 
existing visitor? We're duplicating a lot of code here.



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