JFinis commented on code in PR #8672:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg/pull/8672#discussion_r1339915024


##########
format/spec.md:
##########
@@ -128,13 +128,13 @@ Tables do not require rename, except for tables that use 
atomic rename to implem
 
 #### Writer requirements
 
-Some tables in this spec have columns that specify requirements for v1 and v2 
tables. These requirements are intended for writers when adding metadata files 
to a table with the given version.
+Some tables in this spec have columns that specify requirements for v1 and v2 
tables. These requirements are intended for writers when adding 
metadata/manifest files to a table with the given version.
 
-| Requirement | Write behavior |
-|-------------|----------------|
-| (blank)     | The field should be omitted |
-| _optional_  | The field can be written |
-| _required_  | The field must be written |
+| Requirement | Write behavior                                        |
+|-------------|-------------------------------------------------------|
+| (blank)     | The field should not be present in the schema         |
+| _optional_  | The field should be in the schema, and can be written |
+| _required_  | The field should in the schema and must be written    |
 
 Readers should be more permissive because v1 metadata files are allowed in v2 
tables so that tables can be upgraded to v2 without rewriting the metadata 
tree. For manifest list and manifest files, this table shows the expected v2 
read behavior:

Review Comment:
   Before this gets merged we should get an understanding of [the issue I 
raised in 
slack](https://apache-iceberg.slack.com/archives/C03LG1D563F/p1695897384506619?thread_ts=1695834739.711569&cid=C03LG1D563F).
 For reference, here is the issue:
   
   > I have a manifest file, that has no column for `sort_order_id`, even 
though both v1 and v2 define sort order id to be optional
   
   With the clarification in this PR, this file definitly no longer is spec 
conforming. But I'm 99% sure Spark wrote it. So we should do one of the 
following:
   
   * Maybe it's a bug in the spec, and the field was missing in v1 or v2? Then 
we should update the spec.
   * Or writer implementations did (and maybe still do?) read "optional" not as 
"it has to be present, but should be flagged optional" but rather "it may or 
may not be present". In this case we have two options:
      * We change the wording in this PR and also allow the field to be absent 
from the Avro schema in the optional case.
      * We leave it like that, but change the reader section below to state 
that readers should be prepared that fields declared optional may also be 
completely absent in Avro, due to some writer implementations not conforming to 
the spec. In this case, the reader should treat the field as if it was present 
and declared optional and all values were null.
   > 



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