huymq1710 opened a new pull request, #21948:
URL: https://github.com/apache/datafusion/pull/21948

   ## Which issue does this PR close?
   
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   - Closes https://github.com/apache/datafusion/issues/17152
   
   ## Rationale for this change
   
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    Why are you proposing this change? If this is already explained clearly in 
the issue then this section is not needed.
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   - [x] 1. `Vec<Option<String>> ` extra allocations
     - Resolved in https://github.com/apache/datafusion/pull/20635 by using 
`StringBuilder`
   
   - [ ] 2. Per-row cast on fallback
     - Will be resolved in this PR
   ```rust
   // When `Date32` formatting fails (due to time specifiers),
   // the code called cast individually for each row instead of converting the 
entire array
   let date64_value = cast(&data_array.slice(idx, 1), &Date64)?;
   ```
   
   ## What changes are included in this PR?
   
   <!--
   There is no need to duplicate the description in the issue here but it is 
sometimes worth providing a summary of the individual changes in this PR.
   -->
   
   Cast the entire Date32 array to Date64 once on first failure, instead of 
per-row
   ```rust
   cast(data_array.as_ref(), &Date64
   ```
   
   ## Are these changes tested?
   
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   4. Serve as another way to document the expected behavior of the code
   
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   Yes
   
   - Add 2 benchmarks:
     - `Date32 + datetime` patterns (all rows trigger the fallback)
     - `Date32 + mixed patterns` (roughly half do)
   
   ```bash
     ┌─────────────────────────────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────┐
     │              Benchmark              │      Format       │  Change   │
     ├─────────────────────────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────┤
     │ array_date_only_patterns_1000       │ array, date-only  │ No change │
     ├─────────────────────────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────┤
     │ array_datetime_patterns_1000        │ array, datetime   │ -3.21%    │
     ├─────────────────────────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────┤
     │ array_mixed_patterns_1000           │ array, mixed      │ +1.41%    │
     ├─────────────────────────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────┤
     │ scalar_date_only_pattern_1000       │ scalar, date-only │ No change │
     ├─────────────────────────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────┤
     │ scalar_datetime_pattern_1000        │ scalar, datetime  │ No change │
     ├─────────────────────────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────┤
     │ array_date32_datetime_patterns_1000 │ array, datetime   │ -20.24%   │
     ├─────────────────────────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────┤
     │ array_date32_mixed_patterns_1000    │ array, mixed      │ -15.74%   │
     └─────────────────────────────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────┘
   ```
   
   <details>
   <summary>Detail</summary>
   
   ```bash
   cargo bench --bench to_char          
      Compiling datafusion-functions v53.1.0 
(/Users/qmac/Documents/GitHub/datafusion/datafusion/functions)
       Finished `bench` profile [optimized] target(s) in 1m 10s
        Running benches/to_char.rs 
(target/release/deps/to_char-d2acea4b7a3e2fba)
   Gnuplot not found, using plotters backend
   Benchmarking to_char_array_date_only_patterns_1000: Warming up for 
3.00Benchmarking to_char_array_date_only_patterns_1000: Collecting 100 
sampto_char_array_date_only_patterns_1000
                           time:   [104.01 µs 104.37 µs 104.74 µs]
                           change: [−0.5692% +0.3244% +1.0788%] (p = 0.47 > 
0.05)
                           No change in performance detected.
   Found 3 outliers among 100 measurements (3.00%)
     1 (1.00%) low mild
     2 (2.00%) high mild
   
   Benchmarking to_char_array_datetime_patterns_1000: Warming up for 
3.000Benchmarking to_char_array_datetime_patterns_1000: Collecting 100 
samplto_char_array_datetime_patterns_1000
                           time:   [165.96 µs 166.43 µs 166.94 µs]
                           change: [−4.1660% −3.2055% −2.3626%] (p = 0.00 < 
0.05)
                           Performance has improved.
   Found 6 outliers among 100 measurements (6.00%)
     2 (2.00%) low mild
     3 (3.00%) high mild
     1 (1.00%) high severe
   
   Benchmarking to_char_array_mixed_patterns_1000: Collecting 100 samples 
to_char_array_mixed_patterns_1000
                           time:   [139.58 µs 140.02 µs 140.49 µs]
                           change: [+1.0116% +1.4122% +1.8178%] (p = 0.00 < 
0.05)
                           Performance has regressed.
   Found 3 outliers among 100 measurements (3.00%)
     1 (1.00%) low mild
     2 (2.00%) high mild
   
   Benchmarking to_char_scalar_date_only_pattern_1000: Warming up for 
3.00Benchmarking to_char_scalar_date_only_pattern_1000: Collecting 100 
sampto_char_scalar_date_only_pattern_1000
                           time:   [60.073 µs 63.184 µs 66.309 µs]
                           change: [−4.0228% +0.6839% +6.1581%] (p = 0.79 > 
0.05)
                           No change in performance detected.
   
   Benchmarking to_char_scalar_datetime_pattern_1000: Warming up for 
3.000Benchmarking to_char_scalar_datetime_pattern_1000: Collecting 100 
samplto_char_scalar_datetime_pattern_1000
                           time:   [117.65 µs 124.76 µs 131.84 µs]
                           change: [−3.3009% +2.6889% +8.6148%] (p = 0.37 > 
0.05)
                           No change in performance detected.
   Found 30 outliers among 100 measurements (30.00%)
     16 (16.00%) low mild
     14 (14.00%) high mild
   
   Benchmarking to_char_array_date32_datetime_patterns_1000: Warming up 
foBenchmarking to_char_array_date32_datetime_patterns_1000: Collecting 
10to_char_array_date32_datetime_patterns_1000
                           time:   [289.67 µs 290.77 µs 291.88 µs]
                           change: [−20.661% −20.240% −19.863%] (p = 0.00 < 
0.05)
                           Performance has improved.
   
   Benchmarking to_char_array_date32_mixed_patterns_1000: Warming up for 
3Benchmarking to_char_array_date32_mixed_patterns_1000: Collecting 100 
sto_char_array_date32_mixed_patterns_1000
                           time:   [194.47 µs 195.28 µs 196.11 µs]
                           change: [−16.230% −15.738% −15.285%] (p = 0.00 < 
0.05)
                           Performance has improved.
   ```
   
   </details>
   
   
   ## Are there any user-facing changes?
   
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updated before approving the PR.
   -->
   
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   If there are any breaking changes to public APIs, please add the `api 
change` label.
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   No


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