https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=109535
--- Comment #2 from rsandifo at gcc dot gnu.org <rsandifo at gcc dot gnu.org> --- The assert in question fires if the pass creates an instruction whose pattern uses a register or memory and if the pass doesn't provide associated use information. Let me know if it looks like a bug in rtl-ssa rather than a bug in the vsetvl pass.