http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=45942
Jonathan Wakely <redi at gcc dot gnu.org> changed: What |Removed |Added ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Status|UNCONFIRMED |RESOLVED Resolution| |INVALID --- Comment #2 from Jonathan Wakely <redi at gcc dot gnu.org> 2010-10-08 14:46:16 UTC --- This variation uses B1 for your first attempt and B2 for your second attempt. template <class T, int C> class A; template <class T, int C, A<T,C> &a> class B1; template <class T, int C, A<T,C> &a> class B2; template <class T, int C> class A { template <A &a> friend class B1; template <A &a> friend class B2<T,C,a>; }; // instantiation template class A<char,128>; This code is not valid, G++ is correct to reject it.