The C* Sidecar is built with modules. One could deploy specialized
instances of Sidecar which only publish CDC streams. The point I’m making
is that just because the code lives in a single repo and we have a single
artifact doesn’t necessarily mean the user has to enable all the
functionality at runtime.

On Wed, Oct 15, 2025 at 7:24 AM Josh McKenzie <[email protected]> wrote:

> A problem I've seen elsewhere with one
> process trying to manage different kinds of workloads is that if you
> need to scale up one kind of workload you may be required to scale them
> all up and run head first into some kind of resource starvation issue.
>
> This is a really good point. If the resource consumption by a CDC process
> grows in correlation w/data ingestion on the C* node, we would be in for A
> Bad Time.
>
> @Bernardo - do we resource constrain the CommitLog reading and reporting
> to some kind of ceiling so the CDC consumption just falls behind and the
> sidecar can otherwise keep making forward progress on its other more
> critical operations? And/or have internal scheduling and prioritization to
> help facilitate that?
>
> On Tue, Oct 14, 2025, at 5:24 PM, Joel Shepherd wrote:
>
> Thanks for all the additional light shed. A couple more
> comments/questions interleaved below ...
>
> On 10/9/2025 12:31 PM, Maxim Muzafarov wrote:
> > Isaac,
> >> CEP-38 is looking to offer an alternative to JMX for single-node
> management operations, whereas Sidecar is focused on holistic cluster-level
> operations.
> > Thank you for the summary.You have a perfect understanding of the
> > CEP-38's purpose, and I share your vision for the Apache Sidecar. So I
> > think that both CEP-38 and Sidecar complement each other perfectly as
> > a single product.
>
> Yes, that's a really helpful distinction. CQL Management API operates at
> the node level; Sidecar operates (or is intended to be used?) at cluster
> level.
>
> When I re-read CEP-38, I also noticed that CQL management commands (e.g.
> EXECUTE) are expected to be sent on a separate port from plain old CQL
> (DDL/DML), so that helps limit the surface area for both. Maxim, I
> curious about at what point in the request handling and execution the
> Management API and existing CQL API will branch. E.g. are they going to
> share the same parser? Aside from permissions, is there going to be
> code-level enforcement that CQL-for-management can't be accepted through
> the existing CQL port?
>
> What I'm wondering about are the layers of protection against a
> misconfigured or buggy cluster allowing an ordinary user to successfully
> invoke management CQL through the existing CQL port.
>
> > On Thu, 9 Oct 2025 at 21:09, Josh McKenzie <[email protected]> wrote:
> >> A distinction that resonated with me:
> >>
> >> Control Plane = Sidecar
> >> Data Plane = DB
> >>
> >> I think that's directionally true, but there's no objective definition
> of what qualifies as one plane or the other.
>
> It's really hazy. You  could argue that CREATE TABLE or CREATE KEYSPACE
> are control plane operations because in some sense they're allocating or
> managing resources ... but it's also totally reasonable to consider any
> DDL/DML as a data plane operation, and consider process, network, file,
> jvm, etc., management to be control plane.
>
> Where does CDC sit? Functionally it's probably part of the data plane. I
> believe Sidecar has or plans to have some built-in support for CDC
> (CEP-44). I'm wondering out loud about whether there are operational
> risks with having the same process trying to push change records into
> Kafka as fast as the node is producing them, and remaining available for
> executing things like long-running control plane workflows (e.g.,
> backup-restore, restarts, etc.). A problem I've seen elsewhere with one
> process trying to manage different kinds of workloads is that if you
> need to scale up one kind of workload you may be required to scale them
> all up and run head first into some kind of resource starvation issue.
>
> I realize there a desire to not require users to deploy and run a bunch
> of different processes on each node to get Cassandra to work, and maybe
> the different workloads in Sidecar can be sandboxed in a way that
> prevents one workload from starving the rest of CPU time, IO, etc.
>
> Thanks -- Joel.
>
> >> On top of that, the sidecar is in a unique position where it supports
> functionality across multiple versions of C*, so if you're looking to
> implement something with a unified interface that may differ in
> implementation across multiple versions of C* (say, if you're running a
> large fleet w/different versions in it), there's pressure there driving
> certain functionality into the sidecar.
> >>
> >> On Thu, Oct 9, 2025, at 1:42 PM, Isaac Reath wrote:
> >>
> >> I don't have too much of an insight on CQL as a whole, but I can offer
> my views on Sidecar & the CQL Management API.
> >>
> >> In terms of a rubric for what belongs in Sidecar, I think taking
> inspiration from CEP-1, it should be functionality needed to manage a
> Cassandra cluster. My perspective on how this fits in with the CQL
> Management API (and authors of CEP-38 please correct me if I'm wrong), is
> that CEP-38 is looking to offer an alternative to JMX for single-node
> management operations, whereas Sidecar is focused on holistic cluster-level
> operations.
> >>
> >> Using rebuild as an example from CEP-38: a user can invoke the CQL
> Management API to run a rebuild for a single node, but would rely on
> Sidecar to rebuild an entire datacenter, with Sidecar in turn calling the
> CQL Management API on individual nodes.  Similarly, a user could use the
> CQL Management API to update the configurations which are able to be
> changed without a restart (similar to how nodetool setconcurrency does
> today), but Sidecar would provide a single interface to update all
> configurations, including those which require restarts. Additionally,
> Sidecar will support operations which may not involve the CQL Management
> API at all, such as live instance migration as laid out in CEP-40.
> >>
> >> Happy to hear other perspectives on this.
> >> Isaac
> >>
> >> On Wed, Oct 8, 2025 at 3:02 PM Joel Shepherd <[email protected]>
> wrote:
> >>
> >> To clarify, since I was pinged directly about this ...
> >>
> >> It's not my intent to impede any of the efforts listed below and I
> >> apologize if it sounded otherwise.
> >>
> >> I am deeply curious and interested in the eventual scope/charter of CQL,
> >> CQL Admin APIs, and Sidecar. A little overlap is probably unavoidable
> >> but IMO it would be detrimental to the project overall to not have a
> >> clear scope for each area. If those scopes have already been defined,
> >> I'd love pointers to decisions so I can get it straight in my head. If
> >> they haven't and the community is comfortable with that, okay too. If
> >> they haven't and anyone else is a little squirmy about that, what's the
> >> right way to drive a conversation?
> >>
> >> Thanks -- Joel.
> >>
> >> On 10/7/2025 4:57 PM, Joel Shepherd wrote:
> >>> Thanks for the clarifications on CEP-38, Maxim: I actually got some
> >>> insights from your comments below that had slipped by me while reading
> >>> the CEP.
> >>>
> >>> I want to fork the thread a bit, so breaking this off from the CEP-38
> >>> DISCUSS thread.
> >>>
> >>> If I can back away a bit and squint ... It seems to me that there are
> >>> three initiatives floating around at the moment that could make
> >>> Cassandra more awesome and manageable, or make it confusing and
> complex.
> >>>
> >>> 1) Patrick McFadin's proposal (as presented at CoC) to align CQL
> >>> syntax/semantics closely with PostgreSQL's. I haven't heard anyone
> >>> strongly object, but have heard several expressions of surprise. Maybe
> >>> something is already in the works, but I'd love to see and discuss a
> >>> proposal for this, so there's consensus that it's a good idea and (if
> >>> needed) guidelines on how to evolve CQL in that direction.
> >>>
> >>> 2) CQL management API (CEP-38): As mentioned in the CEP, it'll take
> >>> some time to implement all the functionality that could be in scope of
> >>> this CEP. I wonder if it'd be beneficial to have some kind of rubric
> >>> or guidelines for deciding what kind of things make sense to manage
> >>> via CQL, and what don't. For example, skimming through the PostgreSQL
> >>> management commands, many of them look like they could be thin
> >>> wrappers over SQL executed against "private" tables and views in the
> >>> database. I don't know that that is how they are implemented, but many
> >>> of the commands are ultimately just setting a value, or reading and
> >>> returning values that could potentially be managed in tables/views of
> >>> some sort. (E.g., like Cassandra virtual tables). That seems to fit
> >>> pretty neatly with preserving SQL as a declarative, data independent
> >>> language for data access, with limited side-effects. Is that a useful
> >>> filter for determining what kinds of things can be managed via CQL
> >>> management, and which should be handled elsewhere? E.g., is a
> >>> filesystem operation like nodetool scrub a good candidate for CQL
> >>> management or not? (I'd vote not: interested in what others think.)
> >>>
> >>> 3) Cassandra Sidecar: Like the CQL management API, I wonder if it'd be
> >>> beneficial to have a rubric for deciding what kinds of things make
> >>> sense to go into Sidecar. The recent discussion about CEP-55
> >>> (generated role names) landed on implementing the functionality both
> >>> as a CQL statement and as a Sidecar API. There's also activity around
> >>> using SIdecar for rolling restarts, backup and restore, etc.: control
> >>> plane activities that are largely orthogonal to interacting with the
> >>> data. Should operations that are primarily generating or manipulating
> >>> data be available via Sidecar to give folks the option of invoking
> >>> them via CQL or HTTP/REST, or would Sidecar benefit from having a more
> >>> narrowly scope charter (e.g. data-agnostic control plane operations
> only)?
> >>>
> >>> I think all of these tools -- CQL, CQL Management API and Sidecar --
> >>> will be more robust, easier to use, and easier to maintain if we have
> >>> a consistent way of deciding where a given feature should live, and a
> >>> minimal number of choices for accessing the feature. Orthogonal
> >>> controls. Since Sidecar and CQL Management API are pretty new, it's a
> >>> good time to clarify their charter to ensure they evolve well
> >>> together. And to get consensus on the long-term direction for CQL.
> >>>
> >>> Let me know if I can help -- Joel.
> >>>
> >>>
> >>> On 10/7/2025 12:22 PM, Maxim Muzafarov wrote:
> >>>> Hello Folks,
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>> First of all, thank you for your comments. Your feedback motivates me
> >>>> to implement these changes and refine the final result to the highest
> >>>> standard. To keep the vote thread clean, I'm addressing your questions
> >>>> in the discussion thread.
> >>>>
> >>>> The vote is here:
> >>>> https://lists.apache.org/thread/zmgvo2ty5nqvlz1xccsls2kcrgnbjh5v
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>> = The idea: =
> >>>>
> >>>> First, let me focus on the general idea, and then I will answer your
> >>>> questions in more detail.
> >>>>
> >>>> The main focus is on introducing a new API (CQL) to invoke the same
> >>>> node management commands. While this has an indirect effect on tooling
> >>>> (cqlsh, nodetool), the tooling itself is not the main focus. The scope
> >>>> (or Phase 1) of the initial changes is narrowed down only to the API
> >>>> only, to ensure the PR remains reviewable.
> >>>>
> >>>> This implies the following:
> >>>> - the nodetool commands and the way they are implemented won't change
> >>>> - the nodetool commands will be accessible via CQL, their
> >>>> implementation will not change (and the execution locality)
> >>>> - this change introduces ONLY a new way of how management commands
> >>>> will be invoked
> >>>> - this change is not about the tooling (cqlsh, nodetool), it will help
> >>>> them evolve, however
> >>>> - these changes are being introduced as an experimental API with a
> >>>> feature flag, disabled by default
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>> = The answers: =
> >>>>
> >>>>> how will the new CQL API behave if the user does not specify a
> hostname?
> >>>> The changes only affect the API part; improvements to the tooling will
> >>>> follow later. The command is executed on the node that the client is
> >>>> connected to.
> >>>> Note also that the port differs from 9042 (default) as a new
> >>>> management port will be introduced. See examples here [1].
> >>>>
> >>>> cqlsh 10.20.88.164 11211 -u myusername -p mypassword
> >>>> nodetool -h 10.20.88.164 -p 8081 -u myusername -pw mypassword
> >>>>
> >>>> If a host is not specified, the cli tool will attempt to connect to
> >>>> localhost. I suppose.
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>> My understanding is that commands like nodetool bootstrap typically
> run on a single node.
> >>>> This is correct; however, as I don't control the implementation of the
> >>>> command, it may actually involve communication with other nodes. This
> >>>> is actually not part of this CEP. I'm only reusing the commands we
> >>>> already have.
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>> Will we continue requiring users to specify a hostname/port
> explicitly, or will the CQL API be responsible for orchestrating the
> command safely across the entire cluster or datacenter?
> >>>> It seems that you are confusing the API with the tooling. The tooling
> >>>> (cqlsh, nodetool) will continue to work as it does now. I am only
> >>>> adding a new way in which commands can be invoked - CQL,
> >>>> orchestration, however, is the subject of other projects. Cassandra
> >>>> Sidecar?
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>> It might, however, be worth verifying that the proposed CQL syntax
> aligns with PostgreSQL conventions, and adjusting it if needed for
> cross-compatibility.
> >>>> It's a bit new info to me that we're targeting PostgreSQL as the main
> >>>> reference and drifting towards the invoking management operations the
> >>>> same way. I'm inclined to agree that the syntax should probably be
> >>>> similar, more or less, however.
> >>>>
> >>>> We are introducing a new CQL syntax in a minimal and isolated manner.
> >>>> The CEP-38 defines a small set of management-oriented CQL statements
> >>>> (EXECUTE COMMAND / DESCRIBE COMMAND) that can be used to match all
> >>>> existing nodetool commands at once, introducing further aliases as an
> >>>> option. This eliminates the need to introduce a new antlr grammar for
> >>>> each management operation.
> >>>>
> >>>> The command execution syntax is the main thing that users interact
> >>>> with in this CEP, but I'm taking a more relaxed approach to it for the
> >>>> following reasons:
> >>>> - the tip of the iceberg, the unification of the JMX, CQL and possible
> >>>> REST API for Cassandra is priority;
> >>>> - the feature will be in experimental state in the major release, we
> >>>> need collect the real feedback from users and their deployments;
> >>>> - the aliasing will be used for some important commands like
> >>>> compaction, bootstrap;
> >>>>
> >>>> Taking all of the above into account, I still think it's important to
> >>>> reach an agreement, or at least to avoid objections.
> >>>> So, I've checked the PostgreSQL and SQL standards to identify areas of
> >>>> alignment. The latter I think is relatively easy to support as
> >>>> aliases.
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>> The syntax proposed in the CEP:
> >>>>
> >>>> EXECUTE COMMAND forcecompact WITH keyspace=distributed_test_keyspace
> >>>> AND table=tbl AND keys=["k4", "k2", "k7"];
> >>>>
> >>>> Other Cassandra-style options that I had previously considered:
> >>>>
> >>>> 1. EXECUTE COMMAND forcecompact (keyspace=distributed_test_keyspace,
> >>>> table=tbl, keys=["k4", "k2", "k7"]);
> >>>> 2. EXECUTE COMMAND forcecompact WITH ARGS {"keyspace":
> >>>> "distributed_test_keyspace", "table": "tbl", "keys":["k4", "k2",
> >>>> "k7"]};
> >>>>
> >>>> With the postgresql context [2] it could look like:
> >>>>
> >>>> COMPACT (keys=["k4", "k2", "k7"]) distributed_test_keyspace.tbl;
> >>>>
> >>>> The SQL-standard [3][4] procedural approach:
> >>>>
> >>>> CALL system_mgmt.forcecompact(
> >>>>     keyspace => 'distributed_test_keyspace',
> >>>>     table    => 'tbl',
> >>>>     keys     => ['k4','k2','k7'],
> >>>>     options  => { "parallel": 2, "verbose": true }
> >>>> );
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>> Please let me know if you have any questions, or if you would like us
> >>>> to arrange a call to discuss all the details.
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>> [1]
> https://www.instaclustr.com/support/documentation/cassandra/using-cassandra/connect-to-cassandra-with-cqlsh/
> >>>> [2]https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-vacuum.html
> >>>> [3]
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stored_procedure?utm_source=chatgpt.com#Implementation
> >>>> [4]https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.3/functions-admin.html
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>
>
>
>

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