I could also see a future where C* Sidecar manages multiple sub-processes
to to help alleviate the challenges of needing to run multiple different
sidecars, each configured for a subset of features (e.g., one configured to
provide SSTable access for analytics, one configured for CDC, one
configured for managing cluster operations).


On Wed, Oct 15, 2025 at 10:28 AM Dinesh Joshi <[email protected]> wrote:

> The C* Sidecar is built with modules. One could deploy specialized
> instances of Sidecar which only publish CDC streams. The point I’m making
> is that just because the code lives in a single repo and we have a single
> artifact doesn’t necessarily mean the user has to enable all the
> functionality at runtime.
>
> On Wed, Oct 15, 2025 at 7:24 AM Josh McKenzie <[email protected]>
> wrote:
>
>> A problem I've seen elsewhere with one
>> process trying to manage different kinds of workloads is that if you
>> need to scale up one kind of workload you may be required to scale them
>> all up and run head first into some kind of resource starvation issue.
>>
>> This is a really good point. If the resource consumption by a CDC process
>> grows in correlation w/data ingestion on the C* node, we would be in for A
>> Bad Time.
>>
>> @Bernardo - do we resource constrain the CommitLog reading and reporting
>> to some kind of ceiling so the CDC consumption just falls behind and the
>> sidecar can otherwise keep making forward progress on its other more
>> critical operations? And/or have internal scheduling and prioritization to
>> help facilitate that?
>>
>> On Tue, Oct 14, 2025, at 5:24 PM, Joel Shepherd wrote:
>>
>> Thanks for all the additional light shed. A couple more
>> comments/questions interleaved below ...
>>
>> On 10/9/2025 12:31 PM, Maxim Muzafarov wrote:
>> > Isaac,
>> >> CEP-38 is looking to offer an alternative to JMX for single-node
>> management operations, whereas Sidecar is focused on holistic cluster-level
>> operations.
>> > Thank you for the summary.You have a perfect understanding of the
>> > CEP-38's purpose, and I share your vision for the Apache Sidecar. So I
>> > think that both CEP-38 and Sidecar complement each other perfectly as
>> > a single product.
>>
>> Yes, that's a really helpful distinction. CQL Management API operates at
>> the node level; Sidecar operates (or is intended to be used?) at cluster
>> level.
>>
>> When I re-read CEP-38, I also noticed that CQL management commands (e.g.
>> EXECUTE) are expected to be sent on a separate port from plain old CQL
>> (DDL/DML), so that helps limit the surface area for both. Maxim, I
>> curious about at what point in the request handling and execution the
>> Management API and existing CQL API will branch. E.g. are they going to
>> share the same parser? Aside from permissions, is there going to be
>> code-level enforcement that CQL-for-management can't be accepted through
>> the existing CQL port?
>>
>> What I'm wondering about are the layers of protection against a
>> misconfigured or buggy cluster allowing an ordinary user to successfully
>> invoke management CQL through the existing CQL port.
>>
>> > On Thu, 9 Oct 2025 at 21:09, Josh McKenzie <[email protected]>
>> wrote:
>> >> A distinction that resonated with me:
>> >>
>> >> Control Plane = Sidecar
>> >> Data Plane = DB
>> >>
>> >> I think that's directionally true, but there's no objective definition
>> of what qualifies as one plane or the other.
>>
>> It's really hazy. You  could argue that CREATE TABLE or CREATE KEYSPACE
>> are control plane operations because in some sense they're allocating or
>> managing resources ... but it's also totally reasonable to consider any
>> DDL/DML as a data plane operation, and consider process, network, file,
>> jvm, etc., management to be control plane.
>>
>> Where does CDC sit? Functionally it's probably part of the data plane. I
>> believe Sidecar has or plans to have some built-in support for CDC
>> (CEP-44). I'm wondering out loud about whether there are operational
>> risks with having the same process trying to push change records into
>> Kafka as fast as the node is producing them, and remaining available for
>> executing things like long-running control plane workflows (e.g.,
>> backup-restore, restarts, etc.). A problem I've seen elsewhere with one
>> process trying to manage different kinds of workloads is that if you
>> need to scale up one kind of workload you may be required to scale them
>> all up and run head first into some kind of resource starvation issue.
>>
>> I realize there a desire to not require users to deploy and run a bunch
>> of different processes on each node to get Cassandra to work, and maybe
>> the different workloads in Sidecar can be sandboxed in a way that
>> prevents one workload from starving the rest of CPU time, IO, etc.
>>
>> Thanks -- Joel.
>>
>> >> On top of that, the sidecar is in a unique position where it supports
>> functionality across multiple versions of C*, so if you're looking to
>> implement something with a unified interface that may differ in
>> implementation across multiple versions of C* (say, if you're running a
>> large fleet w/different versions in it), there's pressure there driving
>> certain functionality into the sidecar.
>> >>
>> >> On Thu, Oct 9, 2025, at 1:42 PM, Isaac Reath wrote:
>> >>
>> >> I don't have too much of an insight on CQL as a whole, but I can offer
>> my views on Sidecar & the CQL Management API.
>> >>
>> >> In terms of a rubric for what belongs in Sidecar, I think taking
>> inspiration from CEP-1, it should be functionality needed to manage a
>> Cassandra cluster. My perspective on how this fits in with the CQL
>> Management API (and authors of CEP-38 please correct me if I'm wrong), is
>> that CEP-38 is looking to offer an alternative to JMX for single-node
>> management operations, whereas Sidecar is focused on holistic cluster-level
>> operations.
>> >>
>> >> Using rebuild as an example from CEP-38: a user can invoke the CQL
>> Management API to run a rebuild for a single node, but would rely on
>> Sidecar to rebuild an entire datacenter, with Sidecar in turn calling the
>> CQL Management API on individual nodes.  Similarly, a user could use the
>> CQL Management API to update the configurations which are able to be
>> changed without a restart (similar to how nodetool setconcurrency does
>> today), but Sidecar would provide a single interface to update all
>> configurations, including those which require restarts. Additionally,
>> Sidecar will support operations which may not involve the CQL Management
>> API at all, such as live instance migration as laid out in CEP-40.
>> >>
>> >> Happy to hear other perspectives on this.
>> >> Isaac
>> >>
>> >> On Wed, Oct 8, 2025 at 3:02 PM Joel Shepherd <[email protected]>
>> wrote:
>> >>
>> >> To clarify, since I was pinged directly about this ...
>> >>
>> >> It's not my intent to impede any of the efforts listed below and I
>> >> apologize if it sounded otherwise.
>> >>
>> >> I am deeply curious and interested in the eventual scope/charter of
>> CQL,
>> >> CQL Admin APIs, and Sidecar. A little overlap is probably unavoidable
>> >> but IMO it would be detrimental to the project overall to not have a
>> >> clear scope for each area. If those scopes have already been defined,
>> >> I'd love pointers to decisions so I can get it straight in my head. If
>> >> they haven't and the community is comfortable with that, okay too. If
>> >> they haven't and anyone else is a little squirmy about that, what's the
>> >> right way to drive a conversation?
>> >>
>> >> Thanks -- Joel.
>> >>
>> >> On 10/7/2025 4:57 PM, Joel Shepherd wrote:
>> >>> Thanks for the clarifications on CEP-38, Maxim: I actually got some
>> >>> insights from your comments below that had slipped by me while reading
>> >>> the CEP.
>> >>>
>> >>> I want to fork the thread a bit, so breaking this off from the CEP-38
>> >>> DISCUSS thread.
>> >>>
>> >>> If I can back away a bit and squint ... It seems to me that there are
>> >>> three initiatives floating around at the moment that could make
>> >>> Cassandra more awesome and manageable, or make it confusing and
>> complex.
>> >>>
>> >>> 1) Patrick McFadin's proposal (as presented at CoC) to align CQL
>> >>> syntax/semantics closely with PostgreSQL's. I haven't heard anyone
>> >>> strongly object, but have heard several expressions of surprise. Maybe
>> >>> something is already in the works, but I'd love to see and discuss a
>> >>> proposal for this, so there's consensus that it's a good idea and (if
>> >>> needed) guidelines on how to evolve CQL in that direction.
>> >>>
>> >>> 2) CQL management API (CEP-38): As mentioned in the CEP, it'll take
>> >>> some time to implement all the functionality that could be in scope of
>> >>> this CEP. I wonder if it'd be beneficial to have some kind of rubric
>> >>> or guidelines for deciding what kind of things make sense to manage
>> >>> via CQL, and what don't. For example, skimming through the PostgreSQL
>> >>> management commands, many of them look like they could be thin
>> >>> wrappers over SQL executed against "private" tables and views in the
>> >>> database. I don't know that that is how they are implemented, but many
>> >>> of the commands are ultimately just setting a value, or reading and
>> >>> returning values that could potentially be managed in tables/views of
>> >>> some sort. (E.g., like Cassandra virtual tables). That seems to fit
>> >>> pretty neatly with preserving SQL as a declarative, data independent
>> >>> language for data access, with limited side-effects. Is that a useful
>> >>> filter for determining what kinds of things can be managed via CQL
>> >>> management, and which should be handled elsewhere? E.g., is a
>> >>> filesystem operation like nodetool scrub a good candidate for CQL
>> >>> management or not? (I'd vote not: interested in what others think.)
>> >>>
>> >>> 3) Cassandra Sidecar: Like the CQL management API, I wonder if it'd be
>> >>> beneficial to have a rubric for deciding what kinds of things make
>> >>> sense to go into Sidecar. The recent discussion about CEP-55
>> >>> (generated role names) landed on implementing the functionality both
>> >>> as a CQL statement and as a Sidecar API. There's also activity around
>> >>> using SIdecar for rolling restarts, backup and restore, etc.: control
>> >>> plane activities that are largely orthogonal to interacting with the
>> >>> data. Should operations that are primarily generating or manipulating
>> >>> data be available via Sidecar to give folks the option of invoking
>> >>> them via CQL or HTTP/REST, or would Sidecar benefit from having a more
>> >>> narrowly scope charter (e.g. data-agnostic control plane operations
>> only)?
>> >>>
>> >>> I think all of these tools -- CQL, CQL Management API and Sidecar --
>> >>> will be more robust, easier to use, and easier to maintain if we have
>> >>> a consistent way of deciding where a given feature should live, and a
>> >>> minimal number of choices for accessing the feature. Orthogonal
>> >>> controls. Since Sidecar and CQL Management API are pretty new, it's a
>> >>> good time to clarify their charter to ensure they evolve well
>> >>> together. And to get consensus on the long-term direction for CQL.
>> >>>
>> >>> Let me know if I can help -- Joel.
>> >>>
>> >>>
>> >>> On 10/7/2025 12:22 PM, Maxim Muzafarov wrote:
>> >>>> Hello Folks,
>> >>>>
>> >>>>
>> >>>> First of all, thank you for your comments. Your feedback motivates me
>> >>>> to implement these changes and refine the final result to the highest
>> >>>> standard. To keep the vote thread clean, I'm addressing your
>> questions
>> >>>> in the discussion thread.
>> >>>>
>> >>>> The vote is here:
>> >>>> https://lists.apache.org/thread/zmgvo2ty5nqvlz1xccsls2kcrgnbjh5v
>> >>>>
>> >>>>
>> >>>> = The idea: =
>> >>>>
>> >>>> First, let me focus on the general idea, and then I will answer your
>> >>>> questions in more detail.
>> >>>>
>> >>>> The main focus is on introducing a new API (CQL) to invoke the same
>> >>>> node management commands. While this has an indirect effect on
>> tooling
>> >>>> (cqlsh, nodetool), the tooling itself is not the main focus. The
>> scope
>> >>>> (or Phase 1) of the initial changes is narrowed down only to the API
>> >>>> only, to ensure the PR remains reviewable.
>> >>>>
>> >>>> This implies the following:
>> >>>> - the nodetool commands and the way they are implemented won't change
>> >>>> - the nodetool commands will be accessible via CQL, their
>> >>>> implementation will not change (and the execution locality)
>> >>>> - this change introduces ONLY a new way of how management commands
>> >>>> will be invoked
>> >>>> - this change is not about the tooling (cqlsh, nodetool), it will
>> help
>> >>>> them evolve, however
>> >>>> - these changes are being introduced as an experimental API with a
>> >>>> feature flag, disabled by default
>> >>>>
>> >>>>
>> >>>> = The answers: =
>> >>>>
>> >>>>> how will the new CQL API behave if the user does not specify a
>> hostname?
>> >>>> The changes only affect the API part; improvements to the tooling
>> will
>> >>>> follow later. The command is executed on the node that the client is
>> >>>> connected to.
>> >>>> Note also that the port differs from 9042 (default) as a new
>> >>>> management port will be introduced. See examples here [1].
>> >>>>
>> >>>> cqlsh 10.20.88.164 11211 -u myusername -p mypassword
>> >>>> nodetool -h 10.20.88.164 -p 8081 -u myusername -pw mypassword
>> >>>>
>> >>>> If a host is not specified, the cli tool will attempt to connect to
>> >>>> localhost. I suppose.
>> >>>>
>> >>>>
>> >>>>> My understanding is that commands like nodetool bootstrap typically
>> run on a single node.
>> >>>> This is correct; however, as I don't control the implementation of
>> the
>> >>>> command, it may actually involve communication with other nodes. This
>> >>>> is actually not part of this CEP. I'm only reusing the commands we
>> >>>> already have.
>> >>>>
>> >>>>
>> >>>>> Will we continue requiring users to specify a hostname/port
>> explicitly, or will the CQL API be responsible for orchestrating the
>> command safely across the entire cluster or datacenter?
>> >>>> It seems that you are confusing the API with the tooling. The tooling
>> >>>> (cqlsh, nodetool) will continue to work as it does now. I am only
>> >>>> adding a new way in which commands can be invoked - CQL,
>> >>>> orchestration, however, is the subject of other projects. Cassandra
>> >>>> Sidecar?
>> >>>>
>> >>>>
>> >>>>> It might, however, be worth verifying that the proposed CQL syntax
>> aligns with PostgreSQL conventions, and adjusting it if needed for
>> cross-compatibility.
>> >>>> It's a bit new info to me that we're targeting PostgreSQL as the main
>> >>>> reference and drifting towards the invoking management operations the
>> >>>> same way. I'm inclined to agree that the syntax should probably be
>> >>>> similar, more or less, however.
>> >>>>
>> >>>> We are introducing a new CQL syntax in a minimal and isolated manner.
>> >>>> The CEP-38 defines a small set of management-oriented CQL statements
>> >>>> (EXECUTE COMMAND / DESCRIBE COMMAND) that can be used to match all
>> >>>> existing nodetool commands at once, introducing further aliases as an
>> >>>> option. This eliminates the need to introduce a new antlr grammar for
>> >>>> each management operation.
>> >>>>
>> >>>> The command execution syntax is the main thing that users interact
>> >>>> with in this CEP, but I'm taking a more relaxed approach to it for
>> the
>> >>>> following reasons:
>> >>>> - the tip of the iceberg, the unification of the JMX, CQL and
>> possible
>> >>>> REST API for Cassandra is priority;
>> >>>> - the feature will be in experimental state in the major release, we
>> >>>> need collect the real feedback from users and their deployments;
>> >>>> - the aliasing will be used for some important commands like
>> >>>> compaction, bootstrap;
>> >>>>
>> >>>> Taking all of the above into account, I still think it's important to
>> >>>> reach an agreement, or at least to avoid objections.
>> >>>> So, I've checked the PostgreSQL and SQL standards to identify areas
>> of
>> >>>> alignment. The latter I think is relatively easy to support as
>> >>>> aliases.
>> >>>>
>> >>>>
>> >>>> The syntax proposed in the CEP:
>> >>>>
>> >>>> EXECUTE COMMAND forcecompact WITH keyspace=distributed_test_keyspace
>> >>>> AND table=tbl AND keys=["k4", "k2", "k7"];
>> >>>>
>> >>>> Other Cassandra-style options that I had previously considered:
>> >>>>
>> >>>> 1. EXECUTE COMMAND forcecompact (keyspace=distributed_test_keyspace,
>> >>>> table=tbl, keys=["k4", "k2", "k7"]);
>> >>>> 2. EXECUTE COMMAND forcecompact WITH ARGS {"keyspace":
>> >>>> "distributed_test_keyspace", "table": "tbl", "keys":["k4", "k2",
>> >>>> "k7"]};
>> >>>>
>> >>>> With the postgresql context [2] it could look like:
>> >>>>
>> >>>> COMPACT (keys=["k4", "k2", "k7"]) distributed_test_keyspace.tbl;
>> >>>>
>> >>>> The SQL-standard [3][4] procedural approach:
>> >>>>
>> >>>> CALL system_mgmt.forcecompact(
>> >>>>     keyspace => 'distributed_test_keyspace',
>> >>>>     table    => 'tbl',
>> >>>>     keys     => ['k4','k2','k7'],
>> >>>>     options  => { "parallel": 2, "verbose": true }
>> >>>> );
>> >>>>
>> >>>>
>> >>>> Please let me know if you have any questions, or if you would like us
>> >>>> to arrange a call to discuss all the details.
>> >>>>
>> >>>>
>> >>>> [1]
>> https://www.instaclustr.com/support/documentation/cassandra/using-cassandra/connect-to-cassandra-with-cqlsh/
>> >>>> [2]https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-vacuum.html
>> >>>> [3]
>> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stored_procedure?utm_source=chatgpt.com#Implementation
>> >>>> [4]https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.3/functions-admin.html
>> >>>>
>> >>>>
>> >>
>>
>>
>>

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