Hi, i have this problem only with screen (remote sessions) and not at all on my desktop (urxvt+tmux / trixie/sid). i can also reproduce it with plain xterm so i would say it must be vim-airline because as soon as i uninstall it i'm not seeing this problem anymore.
% apt list '~i?or(~escreen|~evim)' Listing... Done screen/stable,now 4.9.0-4 amd64 [installed] vim-airline/stable,now 0.11-2 all [installed] vim-common/stable,now 2:9.0.1378-2+deb12u2 all [installed] vim-nox/stable,now 2:9.0.1378-2+deb12u2 amd64 [installed] vim-runtime/stable,now 2:9.0.1378-2+deb12u2 all [installed,automatic] vim-tiny/stable,now 2:9.0.1378-2+deb12u2 amd64 [installed]