Public bug reported:

1) Ubuntu release:  18.10
2) systemd-resolved version: (Default latest version that comes with Ubuntu 
18.10)
3) Expected behavior: Comcast's POP3 mail server addresses to be resolved to IP 
addresses
4) Actual behavior:  Comcast's POP3 mail server addresses can't be resolved to 
IP addresses

Starting on Monday, November 19, 2018, Comcast made a DNS change related
to its POP3 mail servers (mail.comcast.net and pop3.comcast.net) that
prevent resolved from being able to resolve those domains into IP
addresses.  When I try to ping either host (mail.comcast.net or
pop2.comcast.net), I get this error:

tom@deathstar:~$ ping mail.comcast.net
ping: mail.comcast.net: Name or service not known
tom@deathstar:~$

When I manually lookup up the domain, I get these results:

tom@deathstar:~$ nslookup mail.comcast.net
Server:         127.0.0.53
Address:        127.0.0.53#53

Non-authoritative answer:
mail.comcast.net        canonical name = imap.ge.xfinity.com.
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 96.118.242.209
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 96.118.242.197
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 96.118.242.233
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 96.118.242.225
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 96.118.242.226
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 96.118.242.217
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 96.118.242.208
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 96.118.242.230
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 96.118.242.232
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 96.118.242.218
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 96.118.242.211
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 96.118.242.242
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 96.118.242.221
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 96.118.242.196
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 96.118.208.40
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 96.118.208.99
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 2001:558:fc11:9:f816:3eff:fee8:4f07
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 2001:558:fc11:9:f816:3eff:fe7d:1b0c
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 2001:558:fc11:9:f816:3eff:fe25:5ae5
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 2001:558:fc11:9:f816:3eff:fef6:babc
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 2001:558:fc11:9:f816:3eff:fe87:c172
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 2001:558:fc11:9:f816:3eff:fee6:7a57
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 2001:558:fc11:9:f816:3eff:fe0f:a4a
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 2001:558:fc11:2:f816:3eff:fec7:cb93
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 2001:558:fee2:1000:f816:3eff:fe42:4f14
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 2001:558:fc18:0:f816:3eff:fe33:9aaa
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 2001:558:fc18:0:f816:3eff:feb2:8c0d
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 2001:558:fc18:0:f816:3eff:fef1:25a5
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 2001:558:fc18:0:f816:3eff:febd:320a
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 2001:558:fc18:0:f816:3eff:fe36:aba3
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 2001:558:fc18:0:f816:3eff:fe3f:76f2
Name:   imap.ge.xfinity.com
Address: 2001:558:fc18:0:f816:3eff:fe45:1d1e

tom@deathstar:~$ dig mail.comcast.net

; <<>> DiG 9.11.4-3ubuntu5-Ubuntu <<>> mail.comcast.net
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 15037
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 17, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 65494
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;mail.comcast.net.              IN      A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
mail.comcast.net.       15      IN      CNAME   imap.ge.xfinity.com.
imap.ge.xfinity.com.    12      IN      A       96.117.3.119
imap.ge.xfinity.com.    12      IN      A       96.117.3.96
imap.ge.xfinity.com.    12      IN      A       96.117.3.143
imap.ge.xfinity.com.    12      IN      A       96.117.3.145
imap.ge.xfinity.com.    12      IN      A       96.117.3.129
imap.ge.xfinity.com.    12      IN      A       96.117.3.148
imap.ge.xfinity.com.    12      IN      A       96.117.3.201
imap.ge.xfinity.com.    12      IN      A       96.117.3.136
imap.ge.xfinity.com.    12      IN      A       96.118.133.238
imap.ge.xfinity.com.    12      IN      A       96.117.3.128
imap.ge.xfinity.com.    12      IN      A       96.117.3.144
imap.ge.xfinity.com.    12      IN      A       96.117.2.238
imap.ge.xfinity.com.    12      IN      A       96.117.3.110
imap.ge.xfinity.com.    12      IN      A       96.117.3.140
imap.ge.xfinity.com.    12      IN      A       96.117.3.154
imap.ge.xfinity.com.    12      IN      A       96.117.3.132

;; Query time: 13 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.53#53(127.0.0.53)
;; WHEN: Tue Nov 20 06:58:31 PST 2018
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 334

tom@deathstar:~$

Before November 19, 2018, everything was working fine.   The initial
indication there was a problem was Mozilla Thunderbird failed to connect
to Comcast's POP3 mail server.  Once I did some investigation, I found
the information above.

I have since disabled system-resolved and have installed "Unbound".
After installing "Unbound", I'm able to ping "mail.comcast.net" without
issue and Mozilla Thunderbird can contact successfully Comcast's POP3
mail servers.

I started a thread about this on Ubuntuforums.org:

https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2406399

and others report being impacted by this as well.

Let me know if more information is needed!  Thanks!

** Affects: systemd (Ubuntu)
     Importance: Undecided
         Status: New

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1805027

Title:
  systemd-resolved can't resolve Comcast mail server addresses

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