Public bug reported:

I've had this happen twice on kernel upgrades, most recently when linux-
image-extra-4.4.0-95-generic failed to download due to an iffy
connection. Because linux-image-4.4.0-95-generic did successfully
download, its setup (run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-
update-grub 4.4.0-95-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-95-generic) was run and
an initrd file built.
The problem is that the resulting initrd file is less than half the size
it should be, lacking all of the drivers that would have come in from
the "extra" package:

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 38288353 Aug 22 10:09 initrd.img-4.4.0-89-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 38289328 Aug 22 10:11 initrd.img-4.4.0-93-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 38371214 Sep 2 06:00 initrd.img-4.4.0-94-generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16899714 Sep 11 12:15 initrd.img-4.4.0-95-generic

The result is a system that upon reboot cannot access important things
such as the network. Recovery involves putting hands on the console and
using GRUB to manually select a prior kernel with a good initrd.

Recommendation: Do not allow the build of initrd and consequent
activation of the new kernel as default without making sure the extra
package has been or can be installed if selected. At the very minimum,
issue a warning that the system may not be properly rebootable.

Note that the following information is compiled while booted from kernel
94 rather than the kernel 95 with the faulty initrd.

# uname -a
Linux xena 4.4.0-94-generic #117-Ubuntu SMP Tue Aug 29 08:13:56 UTC 2017 x86_64 
x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

# cat /proc/version_signature
Ubuntu 4.4.0-94.117-generic 4.4.83

# cat /etc/os-release
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION="16.04.3 LTS (Xenial Xerus)"
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS"
VERSION_ID="16.04"
HOME_URL="http://www.ubuntu.com/";
SUPPORT_URL="http://help.ubuntu.com/";
BUG_REPORT_URL="http://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/";
VERSION_CODENAME=xenial
UBUNTU_CODENAME=xenial
---
ApportVersion: 2.20.1-0ubuntu2.10
Architecture: amd64
AudioDevicesInUse:
 USER PID ACCESS COMMAND
 /dev/snd/controlC0: mikebw 2674 F.... pulseaudio
 /dev/snd/controlC1: mikebw 2674 F.... pulseaudio
DistroRelease: Ubuntu 16.04
InstallationDate: Installed on 2014-01-21 (1329 days ago)
InstallationMedia: Ubuntu 13.10 "Saucy Salamander" - Release amd64 (20131016.1)
MachineType: System manufacturer System Product Name
Package: linux (not installed)
ProcEnviron:
 LANGUAGE=en_US
 TERM=xterm-256color
 PATH=(custom, no user)
 LANG=en_US.UTF-8
 SHELL=/bin/bash
ProcFB: 0 radeondrmfb
ProcKernelCmdLine: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-94-generic 
root=UUID=8f5d219a-699a-42fc-a668-7c78fbab134a ro quiet splash 
usbcore.autosuspend=-1 vt.handoff=7
ProcVersionSignature: Ubuntu 4.4.0-94.117-generic 4.4.83
PulseList: Error: command ['pacmd', 'list'] failed with exit code 1: No 
PulseAudio daemon running, or not running as session daemon.
RelatedPackageVersions:
 linux-restricted-modules-4.4.0-94-generic N/A
 linux-backports-modules-4.4.0-94-generic N/A
 linux-firmware 1.157.12
Tags: xenial
Uname: Linux 4.4.0-94-generic x86_64
UpgradeStatus: Upgraded to xenial on 2017-07-29 (43 days ago)
UserGroups:

_MarkForUpload: True
dmi.bios.date: 08/13/2010
dmi.bios.vendor: American Megatrends Inc.
dmi.bios.version: 2104
dmi.board.asset.tag: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
dmi.board.name: M4A785TD-M EVO
dmi.board.vendor: ASUSTeK Computer INC.
dmi.board.version: Rev X.0x
dmi.chassis.asset.tag: Asset-1234567890
dmi.chassis.type: 3
dmi.chassis.vendor: Chassis Manufacture
dmi.chassis.version: Chassis Version
dmi.modalias: 
dmi:bvnAmericanMegatrendsInc.:bvr2104:bd08/13/2010:svnSystemmanufacturer:pnSystemProductName:pvrSystemVersion:rvnASUSTeKComputerINC.:rnM4A785TD-MEVO:rvrRevX.0x:cvnChassisManufacture:ct3:cvrChassisVersion:
dmi.product.name: System Product Name
dmi.product.version: System Version
dmi.sys.vendor: System manufacturer

** Affects: linux (Ubuntu)
     Importance: Undecided
         Status: Confirmed

** Changed in: linux (Ubuntu)
       Status: New => Confirmed

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1716457

Title:
   Failure to download linux-image-extra-*-generic causes initrd to be
  built incorrectly with no warning

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