I can confirm this issue, with a graphics chip detected by lspci as:
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 82G33/G31 Express 
Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 10)

With no monitor connected, X fails to start, and GDM goes into an infinite loop 
trying to get it up and running.
(I'm running GDM on a headless server to accept XDCMP connections.)

With the "i915.modeset=0" kernel parameter, the dmesg line disappears,
but the symptom of X failing to start and GDM looping persists.

The problem seems to be that the Intel driver reports no valid
screenmodes available when there's no connected monitor.  I initially
thought this was due to the failure to fetch DDC information - but it's
not.  If I connect my old monitor via a BNC cable - which can't carry
DDC information - then X starts correctly, and picks a fallback mode.

Attached are Xorg logs for both cases.

What needs to happen to solve this, I think, is for the Xorg intel
driver to enable the VGA output as a fallback if it can't detect any
connected monitors.

As a workaround, if I allow X -configure to create a dummy Xorg.conf,
then change the driver from intel to vesa, the problem goes away.  I'd
rather have the correct driver selected for those occasions when I do
need to connect a monitor, however.

** Patch added: "Xorg log for the case when no cable is attached"
   http://launchpadlibrarian.net/39183716/Xorg.NoCable.log

-- 
Headless GDM on G33 causes huge dmesg output
https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/492062
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