> frustration to figure out the problem, I just began explicitly > type-casting as many variables as I could, and missed the fact that I
Must be something about the mornings but I seem to be pickier then... When you say type-casting that is a C term used to describe a horrible operation that fools the C compiler into treating an arbitrary block of bits in memory as some other type from that by which it was defined. It doesn't actually change the bits at all. What Python provides is type conversion where it actually tries to convert the data into a new value. Very different things. This is best illustrated by a character. char c = '5'; // ascii value 53 int n; n = (int)c; // type cast makes n hold 53 n = atoi(c) // type convert makes n hold 5 Sorry for splitting hairs but clearing the terminology might help someone... Alan G. _______________________________________________ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor