looking at openssh source code:
#define _PATH_DH_MODULI                 SSHDIR "/moduli"
/* Backwards compatibility */
#define _PATH_DH_PRIMES                 SSHDIR "/primes"


both paths are defined, with primes being a legacy/compat one.
Ubuntu only uses the current default /moduli path.

These are documented in ssh-keygen, you can see this manpage over here
too http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/xenial/en/man1/ssh-
keygen.1.html#contenttoc3

Note, openssh supports and can be forced to use more combinations on
client <-> server than available in the moduli, hence the caveat as per
manpage. If one needs moduli beyond what's available in /moduli path,
one may need to generate extra ones.

Nonetheless, please provide information as to how to reproduce this
error ssh client in use, ssh server in use, and version details of both
client and server. Ideally including architecture and exact package
version numbers. The combined metadata on this bug report is
inconsistent, and I'm failing to reproduce the described errors.

** Changed in: openssh (Ubuntu)
       Status: Confirmed => Incomplete

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1528251

Title:
  WARNING: no suitable primes in /etc/ssh/primes

Status in openssh package in Ubuntu:
  Incomplete

Bug description:
  
  For instance when the KexAlgorithms option in sshd_config is set to include 
Diffie Hellman group exchange (e.g. diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256), and 
the /etc/ssh/moduli file is regenerated to include only 4096 bit primes, the 
ssh server may log the above warning message to /var/log/auth.log, probably 
because the ssh client trying to log in does not allow for the use of 4096 bit 
primes during the key exchange. The alleged problem is the reference to 
/etc/ssh/primes instead of /etc/ssh/moduli. It would appear that the file 
/etc/ssh/primes is neither used by ssh server, nor documented.

  I note that this error appears to have been reported in several places
  on the web in the past years, but to no avail (e.g.
  http://misc.openbsd.narkive.com/tZPNEoZk/no-suitable-primes)

  
  Release: Ubuntu 14.04.3 LTS
  Package: openssh-server, Version: 1:6.6p1-2ubuntu2.3

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