My impression is that the affected KDE applications now rely on Qt5's QIcon::fromTheme(...) to locate the icons. This is in line with the documentation of KIconLoader::loadIconSet(...) (from source package kiconthemes_5.15.0-0ubuntu1) that says: "@deprecated use QIcon::fromTheme instead, which uses the iconloader internally".
But it seems that Qt5 only supports the very basic 'hicolor' icon theme when not running in a KDE or Gnome session. The method themeHint(ThemeHint hint) of the classes QKdeTheme and QGnomeTheme support the hint QPlatformTheme::SystemIconThemeName, whereas the implementation of this method for the class QGenericUnixTheme does not support that hint (soruce package qtbase-opensource-src_5.4.2+dfsg- 2ubuntu9, file src/platformsupport/themes/genericunix/qgenericunixthemes.cpp). Therefore, I assume, the systems falls back to the fallback theme 'hicolor' using the hint QPlatformTheme::SystemIconFallbackThemeName. It seems that 'hicolor' lacks of most icons needed by kate and the other applications. So it possibly requires a change in Qt5 rather than in specific KDE applications or the KDE framework to get the icons back in these applications when running in Xfce. For a test (and as a rather dirty workaround) I have moved /usr/share/icons/hicolor out of the way and replaced it with a symlink to some other icon theme like 'oxygen' or 'elementary-xfce-darker'. For example: $ cd /usr/share/icons $ sudo mv hicolor/ hicolor-bkp $ sudo ln -s elementary-xfce-darker hicolor Then I started kate, konsole, and dolphin manually from a terminal window and they had most or even all of the missing icons back. When started them from a launcher (from the panel in my case), the icons were still missing. Now, after a fresh login to Xubuntu, the affected applications have most or all of the missing icons, regardless of the way I start them. On the downside, now some other icons are missing. For instance, the application icons of konqueror, kate, and other KDE applications are missing in the launchers and in the Whisker Menu. But for the time being I prefer to have a usable kate and happily accept some missing application icons. ** Also affects: qtbase-opensource-src (Ubuntu) Importance: Undecided Status: New -- You received this bug notification because you are a member of Ubuntu Touch seeded packages, which is subscribed to qtbase-opensource-src in Ubuntu. https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1509562 Title: no icons for menu, folders, directories, files Status in dolphin package in Ubuntu: Confirmed Status in kate package in Ubuntu: Confirmed Status in konsole package in Ubuntu: Confirmed Status in qtbase-opensource-src package in Ubuntu: New Bug description: no icons for menu, folders, directories, files I am using Xubuntu 15.10 as the Guest in Virtualbox 5.0.8 r103449. This happened after a recent Xubuntu update. Info: $ apt-cache policy dolphin dolphin: Installed: 4:15.08.2-0ubuntu1 Candidate: 4:15.08.2-0ubuntu1 Version table: *** 4:15.08.2-0ubuntu1 0 500 http://mirror.cogentco.com/pub/linux/ubuntu/ wily/universe amd64 Packages 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status ProblemType: Bug DistroRelease: Ubuntu 15.10 Package: dolphin 4:15.08.2-0ubuntu1 ProcVersionSignature: Ubuntu 4.2.0-16.19-generic 4.2.3 Uname: Linux 4.2.0-16-generic x86_64 ApportVersion: 2.19.1-0ubuntu3 Architecture: amd64 Date: Fri Oct 23 17:35:08 2015 InstallationDate: Installed on 2015-06-01 (144 days ago) InstallationMedia: Xubuntu 15.10 "Wily Werewolf" - Alpha amd64 (20150521) ProcEnviron: LANGUAGE=en_US TERM=xterm PATH=(custom, no user) LANG=en_US.UTF-8 SHELL=/bin/bash SourcePackage: dolphin UpgradeStatus: No upgrade log present (probably fresh install) To manage notifications about this bug go to: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/dolphin/+bug/1509562/+subscriptions -- Mailing list: https://launchpad.net/~touch-packages Post to : touch-packages@lists.launchpad.net Unsubscribe : https://launchpad.net/~touch-packages More help : https://help.launchpad.net/ListHelp