The Catakasandesa by Manttitta Sastra Sarmanah Catakasandesa by Mantitta Sastra Sarmanah bearing some historical facts they are—the Minister of Cochi called Rajagopala is mentioned in this poem. He can be identified with P. Rajagopalachari, the devan of Cochi, during the period 1896 -1901. It was during his time that a chief court with a chief justice and two judges was set up for Kochi and railway line from Shornur to Ernakulam was completed.
The brahmin rulers of Edappalli are referred to in this poem as Dantalinayakas. Edappalli was a small kingdom situated in the vicinity of Kochi. Kodunnallur is described in this poem as the seat of the kings who were great patrons and scholars of art, literature and the various sastras. Their knowledge was world famous. There were many kings in that family who were scholars and poets. Special mention is made to the scholars like Kunhiramavarma, Kunhunni Raja, Kunhan Raja, Kavi Sarvabhauma Koccunni Tampuran, Godavarma, Kunhikkuttan Tampuran and Jyotsyan Koccunni Tampuran. The Parappanad royal family is referred to in this poem as Parappabhupalavamsa. It is also stated that, when Tippu invaded Malabar, several members of the family migrated to Tiruvitamkur. The Laksmipuram palace at Canganasseri, which gave birth to the great poet Keralavarma Valiya Koyi Tampuran, was set up by some such immigrant princess. The king of Campakasseri, entitled Devanarayana, is mentioned in this poem. Catakasandesa refers to the palace as Kanakagiri, which is the famous hill palace at Trippunithura known as Kanakakkunnu kottaram in Malayalam. While describing Cennamangalam poem refers to the Paliyam family, the member of which were the heriditary ministers of the Cochi kings. According to this poem Mahodayapuram was the capital of Cera emperors. The perumal kings are referred to as Cerabhumisvaras in the poem. The king at Mahodaya-pura [Mahodayapuram] is described as the emperor under who various feudel lords seems to have complete control over the administration, with only nominal allegiance to the emperor of Mahodayapura [Mahodayapuram]. māntiṭṭa śāstraśarmaṇaḥ kṛtayaḥ tatra prādhānyena paṭhanaṃ cātakasandeśasya—PhD Thesis, Uty of Calicut-P.C. Murali Madhavan 1980 The Nilakanthasandesa by Sridharan Nambi Sridharan Nambi [Nampi] of the famous Punnasseri house in Pattambi has composed a poem called Nilakanthasandesa [Nilakantasandesa] consisting of 126 verses in all. The author flourished between 1774-1830 AD. He was a student of Bharata Pisarati and he became a famous astrologer. He had also composed Vikramadityacarita and Bhagavtam Ekadasa skanda in Kilippattu style in Malayalam. The members of the poetic family used to adorn the ministership of the kings of Calicut and managed the affairs of the Eralippatu. The subject matter of the Nilakanthasandesa poem is the message sent from Irinayur (Ihapura) to cerppulasseri through a peacock. Here the identity of the hero and the heroine and the circumstances in which the separation occurred are not mentioned. The Sandesahara has to pass through the places reach the destination Viz Kasthali, Puspakrota, Marutapura, Vallapaga, Surakrotam and Maniyanatam. These are the Sanskritised forms of the names of certain local places between Pattambi and Cerppulasseri. The Talasseri fight between the Zamorin and Hyder is stated in this Nilakantha-sandesa Kavya. Hyder Ali, the ruler of Mysore and the Samutiri of Kolikkot are mentioned in the Nilakantha-sandesha poem as Ayitali and Acatambhodhibharata respectively. The fight between the Samutiri and Hyder Ali in the battle field of Calisseri near Kunnamkulam is referred to it in the poem. The place is described as very suitable for the camping of the army. In the battle the heads and hands of soldiers were cut down by sharp arrows, and flood splashed everywhere mixed with flesh and fat. History records Hyder Ali’s conquest of Malabar. He became the Navab of Mysore in 1761. He wanted to annex Kerala. In 1766 Hyder marched his army into north Kerala and defeated the joint forces of Samuthiri and his allies at Perumkulam, and coming to Kolikote besieged the Samutiris fort. Hyder again appeared in Malabar in 1773. Hyder Alis authority was reestablished in Malabar without any resistance. Hyder then turned his attention to Kochi and captured Trissur in 1776. The invasion of Hyder Ali mentioned in the poem must be most probably be the second one. The date of the poet, is between 1774-1830 AD. The Mysore forces rallied at Ramagiri fort on the road from Cerppulasseri to Pattambi in Palakkad district only to be routed once more. The route of this poem also runs from Pattambi to Cherpulasseri. A few reonnants of a fort are seen at Calisseri. K.C. Manavikrama Raja says that the fort fell down due e to the invasion of Tippu. This fort is known as too Kuttanattkotta. This place is located in Palakkat district about 10 km from Pattambi on the way to Guruvayur. It is believed to be constructed by one of the Hindu kings, forgotten by history. Some opinion that the fort belongs to Tippu Sultan. Local tradition also supports this view. In the Nilakanthasandesa poem, there is a reference to the journey of European couples by the vehicles drawn by horses etc. available in those days. The word Hunadhisa in this poem indicates the British power in Kerala. The social references such as Brahmacarins stage, study of Mimamsa Sastra and gift of Brahmesva in temples are some of the other notable features in the Nilakantha-sandesa poem The Viprasandesa by Koccunni Tampuran Koccunni Tampuran Kotunnallur (1858-1926 AD) a prolific writer who was often called the Kavisarvabhauma has composed the poem called Viprasandesa[1]. The Kavya is a small lyrical piece written in the mandākrāntā metre and consists of 126 stanzas. It contains two parts known as Purvabhaga and Uttarabhaga respectively. The hero is a Brahmin 30 years old. The Astrologers informed him his possible death at the age of 32 and to save himself from that he should bath in Gangas and worship Siva there. There by the Brahmin went to Kasi and worshipped Siva daily taking bath in Gangas. He was alone there. Thus suffering from the seperation of his beloved he happened to meet a Brahmin and through him he sends a message to his beloved. Places, rivers, Temples etc. Almost all the significant places in between Banaras (Kasi) and Tvm are narrated in this poem. The significant places of Prayaga, Jabalpur, Bhosapur, Itasi, Raiccur, Katappa, Irode, Arkonum, and Vellore are all mentioned here. Ganga, Yamuna, Narmada, Tapati, Godavari, Krsna, and Kaveri are some of the most important Rivers that come under the description. While reaching Kerala he is employed to visit some well known temples. On the way and glorify the deities there. They are the following Vatakkunnatha at Trissur, the Bhadrakali at Kodunnallur, Purnatrayisa at Tripunithura, Lord Siva at Vaikkom, Balagopala at Ambalappuzha, the Dharmasastra at Sastamkotta and the Jagannadha at Varkala. This poem ends with the description of the city of Tvm and the Sripadmanabha Swami ksetra there. KingsWhile describing Trippunitura, it is stated that the king of Kochi resides in the palace there in glory and fame. His brother, who is very fond of Brahmins is also with him. The ladies of the royal family walking sportively around the temple at Trippunitura are also described in the poem. tatrāsīnaṃ praṇamatahariṃ sevitaṃ tāpasendraiḥ viśvādhāraṃ kanakaruciraṃ merutulyaṃ mahāntam | kṣoṇīnāthā stadanuparitasañcarantīrlasantī ramyāstārā iva niśiśuci paśyabhossadvijendrāḥ | (Viprasandesa1-51) The author of the poem Ramavarma Koccunni Tampuran of the Kotunnallur place, flourished from (1858-1892 AD). The king of Kocci is described in the poem as a living monarch. There is a king of Kochi who ruled between 1895-1914 AD. He was a great Sanskrit scholar and patron of learning. He was popularly known as Rajarshi. The king mentioned in the poem might be the Ramavarma, the ruler of Kochi. The brother of the Kochi king referred to there may be the Ramavarma who died at Madras. He lived during 1853-1932 AD. The poet has written another work praising him, entitled Ramavarmakavya. Koccunni Tampuran of Kotunnallur and his uncle Koccunni Tampuran are specially mentioned in this poem. All these reference are true from the historical point of view. This work extols Manaveda the Samutiri of Kozhikode in three verses in the beginning of the poem. Manaveda, mentioned here may be Manavikrama Ettan Tampuran of Kozhikode, who lived during the period (1845-1915 AD) because the date of the poet is also the same. Manavikrama was a renowned scholar and writer. He was also the main sponsor of the Kerala grantamala which published many works of Kerala writers. While describing Vaikkom Viprasandesa referred to a king Vaisakha. The poet states that from Vaikkom onwards the messenger can see the efficacy of lthe rule of the lustous king Visakha. It is also described that precious things lost on the way will not even be touch by the passengers due to the fear of the king. Ramavarma Vishakham Tirunal of Tiruvithamkur (1880-85 AD) Succeeded by Ayilyam Tirunal is the king referred to here. He had a great reputation for learning and administration. The description of an elephant belonging to the Vaikkam temple in Travancore is a glorious one. The Anacaras or peculiar customs of the Namboodiri’s of Kerala are a set of 64 social and religious observances. They are known as Keralacharas. The term Anacaras mentioned in V.S. means the acharas not being observed in other places. Kerala Sahitya Caritram, Ullur IV -P 338 -339 Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx K RAJARAM IRS 27925 -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Thatha_Patty" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To view this discussion visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/CAL5XZoo1jAX-1yoUXWDPBAOSpp_bB2XygMYUWDGywo%2BGWiaAPQ%40mail.gmail.com.
