PRAGJYOTHISHAM AND MANIPURA IN MAHABHARATHAM
Ancient History of NorthEast India during Mahabharat
RAMA IYER
NORTH EAST INDIA
Arunachal Pradesh Governor P B Acharya said, "Indians know more about the
US than about the Northeast".
He made a valid point - very few of us know enough about the
Northeast.
Here are some of the surprising facts about the Northeast.
1. There are eight states in Northeast: Arunachal Pradesh,
Mizoram, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Tripura, Sikkim, Nagaland.
2. There are nearly 220 languages spoken in the Northeast, It
is a mix of Tibetan, South-east Asian and East Indian Cultures.
3. Northeast is the only part of India that the Mughal Empire
could not conquer.
4. The Ahom Dynasty, which ruled the Northeast for 600 years,
is the longest unbroken Dynasty in Indian history.
5. The world's largest river island, the Majuli and the
world's smallest river island, Umananda both are in the Northeast.
6. Seven prominent National Parks of India are located in
Northeast.
7. Shillong is considered as the Rock Capital of India.
8. Mawsynram in Meghalaya holds the Guinness World Record for
being the Wettest Place on Earth.
9. Sualkuchi in Assam is one of the World's largest weaving
villages where the entire population is engaged in weaving Silk Fabrics.
10. Muga, the Golden Silk of Assam, is not produced anywhere
else in the World.
11. It is the cleanest region in India. Mawlynnong in
Meghalaya is the cleanest village in entire Asia.
12. 70% of the country's Orchids are found in Northeast.
13. Mizoram and Tripura are among the states with the highest
Literacy rate in India.
14. There is no Dowry culture in entire Northeast.
15. Sikkim is the first state in the world where 100% of its
agro produce is organic and certified so. Sikkim won the Future Policy
Award 2018, beating 51 nominated policies from 25 countries, according to a
statement. Policies from Brazil, Denmark and Quito (Ecuador) bagged silver
awards.
The award is co-organised by the Food and Agriculture
Organisation of the United Nations (FAO), the World Future Council (WFC)
and IFOAM – Organics International
Kindly spread this information to all your contacts to help
develop awareness of the Northeast part of India further.
K Rajaram Of course US history is known but not assam; but no one knows
the history with the original names also So added more.
The earliest references to 'Manipur' date back to the ancient Indian epic
Mahabharata, in which several characters, such as Chitrāngadā, Ulupi,
Babruvahana, and Iravan, are 'Manipuris'.
The earliest references to Nagaland are found in the Indian epic
Mahābhārata. Several characters from the region, such as Princess Ulupi and
Prince Iravan, were referred to as Naga people in the epic.
The word Naga is perhaps derived from Nag or belivers of snake god. The
people were originally referred to as Chingmee (Hill People) or Hao
(Tribes) in the history of Manipur.
Ulupi
Ulūpī or Uloopi, in the Hindu epic Mahabharata, was one of Arjuna's wives.
While Arjuna was in Manipur, the Naga princess became infatuated with him.
She caused him to be abducted after he had been intoxicated with potent
concoctions and had him conveyed to her realm in the netherworld. There,
Ulūpī induced an unwilling Arjuna to take her for a wife. She was the
mother of Iravan. She later restored Arjuna to the lamenting Chitrāngadā,
one of Arjuna's other wives. She played a major part in the upbringing of
Arjuna and Chitrangada's son, Babruvahana. She was also able to restore
Arjuna to life after he was slain in battle by Babruvahana. When Arjuna was
given a curse by the Vasus,Bheeshma's brothers after he killed Bheeshma in
the Kurushtra war,She redeemed him Arjuna from his curse.
Iravan
Iravat or Iravan (Sanskrit:इरवन), in the Hindu epic Mahabharata, was the
son of Pandava prince Arjuna and Naga princess Ulupi. He fought on the side
of the Pandavas in the Kurukshetra war and was killed by the Rakshasa
Alumvusha on the eighth day of the war.
Finally reaching the destination in Dimapur, he travelled to Hidimba kunda
where the marriage of Bhima(ref. Maharharata) and Hidimba took place after
killing Hidimba's demon brother. At the home of Hidimba there are still
remains of large pillars with archeological significance.
Chitrangada
Chitrāngadā (चित्रांगदा), in the Hindu epic Mahabharata, is one of Arjuna's
wives. Arjuna travelled the length and breadth of India during his term of
exile. His wanderings took him to ancient Manipur in the eastern Himalayas,
an almost mystic kingdom renowned for its natural beauty. There, he met
Chitrāngadā, the daughter of the king of Manipur, and was moved to seek her
hand in marriage. Her father demurred on the plea that, according to the
matrilineal customs of his people, the children born of Chitrāngadā were
heir to Manipur; he could not allow his heirs to be taken away from Manipur
by their father. Arjuna agreed to the stipulation that he would take away
neither his wife Chitrāngadā nor any children borne by her from Manipur and
wed the princess on this premise. A son, whom they named Babruvahana, was
soon born to the couple. Babruvahana would succeed his grandfather as king
of Manipur.
Babruvahana
Babruvahana( or Babhruvahana) is one of the sons of Arjuna, begotten
through Chitrangada, the princess of Manipur, during the period of his
exile at Manipur.
Babruvahana was adopted as the son of his maternal grandfather, and reigned
at Manipur as his successor. He dwelt there in a palace of great splendour,
surrounded with wealth and signs of power.
When Arjuna went to Manipur with the horse intended for the Aswamedha,
there was a quarrel between Arjuna and King Babhruvahana, and the latter
killed his father with an arrow. Repenting of his deed, he determined to
kill himself, but he obtained from his stepmother, the Naga princess
Uloopi, a gem which restored Arjuna to life. He returned with his father to
Hastinapura. This was on account of a curse by the Vasus, on account of
Arjuna's killing Bhishma (who is an incarnation of one of the Vasus) during
the Mahabharata war.
The Mahabharata mentions that in the kingdom of Manipur, more than five
thousand years ago, the prince Arjuna married the Manipuri princess
Chitrangada. Their son Babhruvahana ruled Manipur for a very long time.
Though some scholars (of course) disagree, most scholars and adherents of
the Vedic tradition identify that kingdom of Manipur with the present state
of Manipur.
In the Srimad-Bhagavatam (9.22.32) it is said, sutayam babhruvahanam
manipura-pateh so ’pi tat- putrah putrika-sutah: “By his wife the princess
of Manipur, Arjuna had a son named Babhruvahana, who became the adopted son
of the Manipuri king.”
Ancient history of Arunachal at Mahabharata era
Malinithan in Lekhabali and Rukhmininagar near Roing, place where Rukhmini,
Lord Krishna's wife, used to live and Parshuram Kund in Lohit district,
which is believed to be the lake where Parshuram washed away all his sins
Parashuram Kund also finds its mention in many puranic texts in different
ways. However, is it believed that? Parashuram was born to saint Jamadagni
and Renuka in Treta. One day, Renuka, after her bath in Ganga was on her
way back to the Ashram when she saw the Gandhrava King Chitraratha
playiGanga,th the celestial nymphs. She felt drawn to the king chitraratha
and lost the track of time. When she returned with wet cloths, frightened
and absent minded, it was already time for the mid-day worship in the
Ashram. Jamadagni, who was worried over the delay of her returning from her
bath, could perceive why she was late. Jamadgani then became so much
furious for this unusual conduct of Renuka that he lost his
self-controlled. He asked his father?s cruel mandate as a dutiful son. He
came forward and killed his mother, as he was fully aware of his father?s
power of Tapasya. He even killed his brothers because they did not carry
out their father’s command. Here at this Kund, the legendary sage
Purusharam gets atoned from his sin of matricide.
Rukamani Bhishmaknaar fort
The Dibang Valley lying to the extreme north of the state is close to the
Chinese border. Tribal Discovery takes you to Roing a small town with the
ancient Bhishmaknagar Fort excavated in 1996 revealing relics dating back
to the 4th Century A.D. Built with bricks of clay and extending to 19
Sq.Kms it is believed to be the ancient kingdom of Bhismaka where Rukmani
was given in marriage to Lord Krishna. Malinithan a small town has strong
mythological links with Lord Krishna and his consort Rukmani.
According to traditional accounts Princess Rukmini birth in the family of
Bhismaka. (Mahabharata Adi 67.156). Rukmini was the daughter of King
Bhismaka of Kundil in Upper Assam. Bhismaka was the vassal of King
Jarasandha of Magadha.
The first known ruler of Assam was Mahiranga Danava of Danava dynasty, who
succeeded in turn, in the direct line by Hatakasur, Sambarsur and Ratnasur.
After them there was a chief named Ghatakasur, the ruler of the Kiratas. He
made Progjyotishpur (the modern Guwahati) his capital, and settled numerous
Brahmans at Kamakhya. Narakasur was killed by Lord Krishna of Dwaraka.
Narakasur's successor, Bhagadatta, figured in the Mahabharata war leading a
vast army against the Pandavas.
Sri Krishna frequently appears in Assam Mythology. Sri Krishna fought
against king Bhismaka of Kundil (now Sadia) in his bid to marry Bhismaka's
daughter Rukmini. Another king Banasura of Sonitpur (now Tezpur) fought
against Sri Krishna, when Banasura's daughter Usha was secretly married to
Anirudh, the grandson of Sri Krishna.
Mahabharata even mentions of Kirat King Yalambar , which is from Nepal.
Yalambar even defeated Arjun and when in fight he said I will take lossing
side and he fought from Kaurava's side. The Whole North East and Himalayan
Kingdom Nepal till Chittagong in Banlgladesh was once called Kirat Kingdom,
It is believed that the Rai, Limbu, Gurung , some tribes of North East are
Kirats.
As per Padma Purana and Matsya Purana, the earth, the globe is of the shape
of a lotus. Look at it as a lotus bud, not a blossomed lotus.
तच्च पद्मं पुराभूतं पृथिवीरूपमुत्तमम्
नारायणसमुद्भूतं प्रवदन्ति महर्षयः
It is this lotus on which creator Brahma sits, which comes out of the navel
of Srimannarayana.
Now, Purana says there are four leaves attached to this lotus.
If you flatten out the globe and make it into a map that is
two-dimensional, then these four leaves would appear on its surface,
covering the entire surface.
Take the entire surface area as a circle and divide it into four equal
sectors: one in the east, one in the south, one in the west, and one in the
north.
As per Puranic geography, the sector to the south is Bharata Varsha, the
sector to the west is Ketumala Varsha, the sector to the north is Kuru
Varsha, and the sector to the east is Bhadrashwa Varsha, each with an
extent of ninety degrees.
Markandeya Purana also says the same thing:
तदेतत्पार्थिवं पद्मं चतुष्पन्नं मयोदितम्
भद्राश्वभारताद्यानि पत्राण्यस्य चतुर्द्दिशम्
Even Brahma purana -
भारताः केतुमालश्च भद्राश्वाः कुरवस्थथा
पत्राणि लोकपद्मस्य मर्य्यादा शैलबाह्यतः
Purana says that the boundaries of these four regions are mountains, not
the sea.
Surya Siddhanta says:
भूवृत्तपादे पूर्वस्यां यमकोटीति विश्रुता ।
भद्राश्ववर्षे नगरी स्वर्णप्राकारतोरणा ।। १२.३८ ।।
याम्यायां भारते वर्षे लङ्का तद्वन्महापुरी ।
पश्चिमे केतुमालाख्ये रोमकाख्या प्रकीर्तिता ।। १२.३९ ।।
उदक्सिद्धपुरी नाम कुरुवर्षे प्रकीर्तिता ।
तस्यां सिद्धा महात्मानो निवसन्ति गतव्यथाः ।
same division into four sectors.
In Bharata Varsha the most important place is Lanka.
In Ketumala Varsha on the west, Romaka.
In Kuruvarsha on the north, Siddhapuri, and in Bhadrashwa Varsha on the
east, Yamakoti.
So each sector is of a span of ninety degrees.
The meridian , the longitudinal line passing through Ujjain is the exact
center of Bharata Varsha.
K RAJARAM IRS 11725
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