Sundaramurti Nayanar Cheraman Tozhar (The Friend of Cheraman)
The Chera emperor Perumakodaiyar had enshrined the Lord, who dances in
the forests besmeared with ash, in his heart. He had come to know about the
devotional songs of Vantondar from the Lord Himself. With great zeal he
reached Tiruvarur to meet this splendid devotee. Meanwhile Sundarar, after
gathering material wealth from the Lord at Nagai Karonam and visiting many
other shrines, was back in Arur. With great humility, Cheraman and Sundarar
saluted each other. True friendship blossomed between the two, so much so
that Arurar came to be known as “Cheraman Tozhar” (The friend of Cheraman).
Sundarar took him to the shrine of the Lord, who verily danced on their
tongues. Cheraman sang “tirumummanik kovai” in praise of the Lord. The
royal devotee was enraptured by the warmth of the hosts, Sundarar and
Paravaiyar. Being offered to a devotee of the Great Lord, the hospitality
was superior even to that usually accorded to a king. They both thanked the
Lord for granting them this blissful spiritual companionship. They stayed
in Tiruvarur for many days worshiping the Lord Vidhi-Vidangar.Sundarar
wanted to worship the Lord at Tirumadurai and other abodes in the Pandya
kingdom. Unwilling to leave the company of Sundarar and eager to worship
the Lord of Madurai, Cheraman accompanied him on the pilgrimage. With many
people accompanying them, they sang of the Lord at Nagai Karonam,
Tirumaraikadu, Agatiyan Palli and Kodik Kulagar, a deserted place. Within
the Pandya kingdom, worshiping the Lord at Tiruputhur, they arrived at
Madurai. Along with the other two kings of the Tamizh lands Pandya and
Chozha kings, the Chera monarch and Sundarar, sang with utmost devotion
about the Supreme Source that sits in the heavenly abode of Madurai.
Saluting at the various shrines in the temple town of Madurai, along with
the three kings, Sundarar worshiped at Tirupuvanam, Tiruvappanur,
Tiruvedakam and Tiruparankunru. He stayed in Madurai for a while in the
thoughts of Tirualavaya. There was peace in the land and the Holy name of
the Lord swept the Tamizh lands.When the other two kings took leave, the
Chera king and the Nayanar continued their holy journey in the Pandya
kingdom. They bowed down to Lord Trilochana at Kutralam, Tirunelveli and
Tiruvirameshwaram. From Rameshwaram they saluted the Lord of
Tirukedishwaram on the island of Sri Lanka. While they were serving
Mahadeva at Tiruchuzhiyal, the Lord appeared in the Nayanar’s dream in a
wondrous form telling him about His abode at Kanapper. Awed, Sundarar
rushed from Tiruchuzhiyal to Tirukanapper with offerings of sacred
materials and sweet hymns. They adored the Lord at Tirupunavayil and
returned to the Chozha kingdom.Worshiping Uma-Maheshwara at the shrine in
Pampaninagar – Pathalishwaram, they reached Tiruvarur. Saluting the Lord of
Tiruvarur, they entered Nambi's house. Cherar stayed there for some time.
He requested Nambiyarurar to visit the Chera kingdom. With Paravaiyar’s
consent, Sundarar agreed and both set out to the Chera kingdom. Submitting
to the Lord of Tirukandiyur, they neared Tiruvaiyaru. Cheraman had an
intense desire to worship the Lord of Tiruvaiyaru. But, the Kaviri river
was in spate! Sundarar expressed his splendid devotion in a song “paravum
parichonru” calling the Lord “adiyarudaiya adikalo”!! By the Lord's order
there appeared a dry channel running through the middle of the flooding
river. The Nayanmars of sublime love for the Lord walked through the
channel to worship their Beloved Lord. Once they returned, the river flowed
normally again. Praising the Glory of Lord Shiva, they continued their
journey crossing the Chozha and Kongu kingdoms.
Cheraman and Sundara Murti Nayanar were given a
spectacular welcome as they entered the Chera lands. In the capital,
Kodungolur, they went to the shrine Tiruvanychaikalam, to salute the Lord
praised with the Holy Five Letters. Cheraman Perumal took Arurar on the
elephant through the town, he himself sitting behind and fanning him with
chamara! Pleased with the peerless hospitality of Cheraman shown through
his various deeds and his love, Tampiran Tozhar stayed in Kodungolur for
some time. With the eternal affection for the Lord of Tiruvarur filling his
mind, Arurar wanted to return. With great difficulty, he consoled his Chera
friend who was unwilling to let him go. The king arranged for many gifts to
be sent with Arurar ahead of him. The two friends took leave of each other
and Sundarar went on his way to Arur through Tirumuruganpundi. The playful
Lord sent His army as hunters who robbed all the gifts Cheraman had sent.
When Vantondar came to know about this, he went to the Lord of
Tirumuruganpundi and complained through a beautiful devaram. The Lord Who
always got pleased with his songs returned all the gifts. Arurar thanked
Him and reached Tiruvarur with the gifts from the Chera king.
KR IRS 18525
On Sun, 18 May 2025 at 14:06, venkat raman <[email protected]> wrote:
> Namaste. Palliyara is the chamber[ bedroom] of god or a king. Nediyiruppu
> and Perumbadappu are in Malappuram district. Nediyiruppu was the
> headquarter of the Zamorin of Calicut[ kozhikkodu samoothiri] and
> Perumbadappu was the place from where the rulers of the kingdom of Cochin
> fled from. The zamorin of Calicut locked horns with the rulers of
> Valluvanadu and Perumbadappu. Perumbadappu is near Ponnani. Ponnani is the
> Mecca of Kerala. Those who want to get converted to Islam visit Ponnani.
> The Malayalam saying " Ponnaaniyil poayi thoppi iduka"[ go to Ponnani and
> wear the skullcap]. Paliyatthachchan belonged to the Nair community. He was
> the minister of the Kingdom of Cochin.
>
> Venkataraman
>
> On Sun, 18 May 2025 at 13:09, 'gopala krishnan' via Thatha_Patty <
> [email protected]> wrote:
>
>> THIRUVANCHIKULAM MAHADEVA TEMPLE, NEAR KODUNGALLUR, TRICHUR DISTRICT-
>> KERALA-COMPILED
>>
>> Dear friends,
>>
>> Today my posting is about the famous and oldest Thiruvanchikulam Mahadeva
>> Temple, situated about 6 KM from Kodungallur in the Trichur District of
>> Kerala. Built and expanded by Cheraman Perumal, is one of the largest
>> temples in Kerala. *The temple has sanctums for about 33 sub-deities. *
>>
>> Following Tamilnadu style temples, it is the only temple having *Palliyara
>> pooja* in Kerala during the night. It is the only Lord Siva temple in
>> Kerala where Tamil poets have sung on the deity.
>>
>> Hope a divine reading.
>>
>> *Gopalakrishnan 18-05-2025*
>>
>> Introduction
>>
>> Thiruvanchikulam Mahadeva Temple, located at Kottapuram, 6 kms from
>> Kodungallur, in Thrissur district, dates back to the *8th century*. It
>> was built during the rule of the Chera dynasty. The presiding deity Lord
>> Mahadeva was also the family deity of the Cochin royal family.
>>
>> Legend
>>
>> It is believed that it the temple where Parasurama, an avatar of Vishnu,
>> worshiped Shiva to expiate his sin for killing his mother Renuka.
>>
>> History
>>
>> This region was the capital of Chera dynasty ruled here till the 13th
>> century.*This Thiruvanchikulam Mahadeva Temple is believed to be built
>> by Cheraman Perumal, a legendary Chera king*.
>>
>> It has the oldest reference in history in Tamil Sangam literature.
>>
>> Later the temple came under Cochin royal family. Shiva is the family god
>> of the Cochin Royal Family (Perumpadapu Swaroopam) after they came to power
>> following
>> the decline of Chera Empire).
>>
>> The national anthem of erstwhile kingdom of Travancore, Vanchi Bhumi
>> refers to the deity of this temple, the official deity of imperial Chera
>> Empire from whom the former claim lineage.
>>
>> *The temple is associated with Chidambaram temple in Tamil Nadu.*
>>
>> The capital city of the Kulasekharas, Mahodayapuram, was built around the
>> temple; it was protected by high fortifications on all sides and had
>> extensive pathways and palaces.
>>
>> This temple was attacked and damaged during Tipu Sultan's invasion of
>> Kerala; the copper roofing, gold and jewels were looted. Tipu's Muslim
>> soldiers fled the temple complex only after the arrival of the Travancore
>> Army of Dalawa Keshavadas Pillai. *The temple was rebuilt by Paliath
>> Achan of the Paliam Swaroopam.*
>>
>> For centuries, this temple was an administrative centre of the kingdoms
>> of Kochi and Zamorins of Calicut. It is at present under the administration
>> of Cochin Devaswom Board.
>>
>> *The traditional stories says that the sword of Zamorin which is believed
>> to have given to him by Cheraman Perumal was burnt when the Dutch attacked
>> the temple in 1670 CE*. Two basements of the temple towers in the
>> western side of the temple informs us that the ‘Gopurams’ was pulled down
>> during the attacks. There are sufficient evidences of invasion to this
>> temple during the period of Tippu Sultan. In the ‘Namskara Mandapa’ of the
>> temple there is an inscription which says that the temple had been smashed
>> by a 'Sasthra Bahya' and was renovated under the leadership of Paliyath
>> Govindan Achan *(Paliyath Achans are the traditional chief ministers of
>> Kochi Kingdom).*
>>
>> Architecture
>>
>> Built in the Kerala architectural style, the temple features a Namaskara
>> Mandapam, a prayer hall with 16 pillars in front of the sanctum sanctorum.
>> The temple has a good collection of mural paintings which depict many
>> scenes from Hindu mythology.
>>
>> The majestic gateway is decorated with carvings of elephants and sub
>> deities. Inside the enclosure there is a porch with carvings dedicated to
>> the characters of the great Hindu epic ‘Ramayana’.
>>
>> *The temple is a protected monument by the Archaeological Survey of
>> India*
>>
>> The temple has entrance towers in all the four sides. The sanctum
>> occupies the centre portion of the temple, which is fortified. The sanctum
>> is approached through a flagstaff, which is axial to the entrance tower and
>> the sanctum. The flagstaff has images of *Asthavidyesavara.*
>>
>> The presiding deity is in the form of lingam. The image of Narasimha is
>> sculpted on the vimana. The images of *Sundarar and Ceramanperuman* are
>> maintained near the Bhagavathi temple inside. There are two temple
>> tanks in the temple, located in the second precinct.
>>
>> Chief deity
>>
>> The lingam here is said to have been self- incarnated. Shiva is
>> worshipped as *Mahadeva* and his consort *Parvathi as Umadevi*. It is
>> one of the oldest Shiva temples in South India, where Shiva is said to live
>> along with his whole family.(Lord Murga, Lord Ganesha and Lord Sastha)
>>
>> *The Linga enshrined at that time was brought from Chidambaram in Tamil
>> Nadu*. The two storied sanctum sanctorium is square in shape and is
>> facing east i.e. to the river. In ancient period it is said that the
>> river is so close to the temple. The aspect of Siva of this temple is
>> believed to be ‘Sadasiva’. Sadasiva is the highest manifestation of Siva.
>> The temple has the largest number of sub gods. Worship is done five times
>> in a day here.
>>
>> The lingam here is said to have been self- incarnated. Shiva is
>> worshipped as *Mahadeva* and his consort *Parvathi as Umadevi*. It is
>> one of the oldest Shiva temples in South India, where Shiva is said to live
>> along with his whole family.(Lord Murga, Lord Ganesha and Lord Sastha)
>>
>> *The Linga enshrined at that time was brought from Chidambaram in Tamil
>> Nadu*. The two storied sanctum sanctorium is square in shape and is
>> facing east i.e. to the river. In ancient period it is said that the
>> river is so close to the temple. The aspect of Siva of this temple is
>> believed to be ‘Sadasiva’. Sadasiva is the highest manifestation of Siva.
>> The temple has the largest number of sub gods. Worship is done five times
>> in a day here.
>>
>> Pallyara pooja
>>
>> The peculair feature of this temple is ‘Palliyara’ i.e. sleeping chamber.
>> It is a chamber with a coat, bed and pillows. When the worship services
>> of the main temple is completed around 8 PM, the God and Goddess is taken
>> in a procession to the sleeping chamber and next morning taken back to the
>> temple sanctum sanctorum.
>>
>> Youngsters, who wish for a good spouse also participated in the
>> Palliyara procession and worship the God and Goddess in the Palliyara at
>> that time.
>>
>> *On full moon days there is a heavy rush for this worship*. The
>> ‘Palliyara’ feature is not seen in any other Kerala temples. Therefore the
>> temple worship pattern is known here as ‘Pradesa Sampradaya’.
>>
>> * Palliyara Pooja can also be performed by devotees* as an offering for
>> securing peaceful marital life and begetting children, and it attracts
>> hundreds of people.
>>
>> Sub deities
>>
>> There are *33 sub-deities in this temple*, the highest number so in
>> Kerala.
>>
>> Thiruvanchikulam Temple in Kerala is considered to have the most
>> significant number of upadevathas (sub-deities) in the state. Besides Lord
>> Shiva, the temple also worships other deities such as *Sandhyavelakkal
>> Sivan, Palliyara Sivan, Bhagavati, Sakthi Panchakshari, Rishabham,
>> Nandikeshan, Unni* Thevar, Ayyappan, Hanuman, and Nagaraja, among others.
>>
>> *Key upadevathas worshipped in Thiruvanchikulam Temple:*
>>
>> Lord Ganapathy: Worshipped along with Lord Shiva.
>>
>> Lord Ayyappan: Another prominent deity in the temple.
>>
>> Cheraman Perumal: A revered figure in the temple's history and tradition.
>>
>> Sundaramoorthy Nayanar: A saint and poet associated with the temple.
>>
>> Palliyara Sivan: A sub-shrine of Lord Shiva within the temple complex.
>>
>> Nadakkal Sivan: Another sub-shrine of Lord Shiva.
>>
>> Sakthi Panchakshari: A form of Shakti worshipped in the temple.
>>
>> Bhagavati: A form of Shakti worshipped in the temple.
>>
>> Goddess Parvathy: Worshipped as the consort of Lord Shiva.
>>
>> Lord Parameshwara: Another form of Lord Shiva worshipped in the temple.
>>
>> Prodhosha Nrithya: A dance performed as part of the Pradosha rituals.
>>
>> Sapthamathrukkal/Sapthakannigas: A group of seven goddesses worshipped
>> in the temple.
>>
>> *Rishabham: A form of Lord Shiva's vehicle, Nandi, worshipped separately.*
>>
>> Nandikeshan: A form of Lord Shiva's attendant, Nandi, worshipped
>> separately.
>>
>> *Unni Thevar: A deity believed to be associated with the temple's
>> history.*
>>
>> Lord Hanuman: A deity worshipped in the temple.
>>
>> Nagaraja: A serpent deity worshipped in the temple.
>>
>> Thiruvanchikulam Temple is known for its unique structure and the various
>> deities worshipped within its complex, making it a significant pilgrimage
>> site in Kerala.
>>
>> Poojas
>>
>> 5:00 am Nadathurappu 06:30 am Usha pooja
>>
>> 07:00 am Siveli 07:30 am Dhara
>>
>> 08:00 am panthirady pooja
>>
>> *09.30 am Shanga abhishekam*
>>
>> 10.30 am Ucha pooja 10.45 am Siveli
>>
>> 11:00 am Nada adaikkal
>>
>> Evening
>>
>> 05:00 pm Nadathurappu 06:30 pm Deeparadna
>>
>> 06:45 pm Athaza pooja 07:00 pm Siveli
>>
>> *07:30 pm Palliyara pooja* 08:00 pm Nada adaikkal
>>
>> Relation with Kodungallur Bhagavathi
>>
>> The temple seems to have some relations with the famous Kodungallur
>> Kurumbha Bhagavathy temple from ancient days. During the Bharani festivel
>> of Bhagavathy temple the pilgrims who came to participate that festival are
>> also visited this temple. It is an age old practice.
>>
>> Festivals
>>
>> Sukravaram (Friday), fortnightly rituals like pradosham, and monthly
>> festivals like amavasai (new moon day), kiruthigai, pournami (full moon
>> day) and sathurthi.
>>
>> The annual festival of the temple takes place in the Malayalam month of
>> Kumbham [February-March], when Shivarathri festival is celebrated with
>> great pomp. Anayottam [elephant race] is conducted as part of the
>> festival, and people throng to witness this celebration.
>>
>> Vaisakha Brahmotsavam is another prominent festival celebrated at the
>> temple, and it usually falls in the Malayalam month of Midhunam [May-June].
>>
>> Historical importance of Tiruvanchikulam
>>
>> The known Kerala history begins with Cheras. The Siva of Tiruvanchikulam
>> temple is their tutelary deity. History of Kerala is broadly divided into
>> four divisions. First division among them is Vanchi Epoch. In ‘sangam’
>> period Tiruvanchikulam is known as Vanji. Dr. S. Krishna Swamy Iyengar,
>> K.G. Sesha Iyer and other historians located *Vanchi at Tiruvanchikulam.*
>> 27 Sangam poets have sung about Cheras, who are believed to have visited
>> this temple and the nearby Cheraman Palace in ancient days.
>>
>> Tamil relation
>>
>> The presiding deity is revered in the 7th century Tamil Saiva canonical
>> work, the Thevaram, written by Tamil saint poets known as the Nayanmars*.
>> It is the only temple in Kerala to be listed in the 276 Paadal Petra
>> Sthalams.*
>>
>> *Saint Sundaramoorthy Nayanar* and Cheraman Perumal worshipped lord
>> Shiva leading to eternal bliss. *They reached Mount Kailash by riding on
>> a 1000 tusked white elephant by Nayanar and on a blue horse by Perumal*.
>>
>> Both of them have shrines in this temple. This event took place on Swati
>> day in the month of Karkidakam (July/August) and special poojas are
>> performed that time.
>>
>> Religious importance and festivals
>>
>> The temple is believed to be the place where Sundarar and king Cheraman
>> spent their last days and believed to have ascended to Kailasa in a white
>> elephant. The temple priests perform the puja (rituals) during festivals
>> and on a daily basis.
>>
>> Cheraman Perumal, the legendary king of Kerala, is believed to have
>> visited ‘Kailasa’ with his companion Saiva saint, Sundaramoorthi Nayanar
>> from this temple premises. *This event is celebrated by the Tamil
>> community on ‘Swathi’ asterism day of Malayalam month ‘Karkatakam’ in this
>> temple even now. According to Tamil Saiva traditions, Tiruvanchikulam
>> temple is the only Saiva Tirupati temple in Kerala.*
>>
>> Thiruvathira
>>
>> On the day of thiruvathira (Malayalam era Dhanu) hindu ladies worship
>> Lord parameswra and parvathy for good health, well-being of their
>> husband and family and unmarried ladies pray to get good husband and family
>> for their life*. Holy bath and thiruthira vratha (fasting),
>> pathirapoochoodal , thiruvathirakali also are performed on this day and
>> prossession is also conduceted in temple*..
>>
>> Here the main festival *kumbha sivarathry* and it is celebrated for 8
>> days (in Feb, March month). On the first day function, flag hosting will be
>> done, then daily procession will be conducted. *On the day of pradosha,
>> after prossession melsanthy take idol to his forehead and will start
>> pradhosha nritha(dance*).
>>
>> And on the sivarathri day the same practice is repeated. Thousands of
>> devotees come to participate in this holy ritual. *During festival time
>> sreebhuthabali and ulsavavabali are performed every day.*
>>
>> And on last ie. 8th day holy bath will take place at Eriyad beach.
>>
>> At the time of nritha priests circumambulate temple for 7 times with a
>> silver cup on their hands and devotees put coins and currencies in that
>> silver cup as offerings. This represents nadarajanritham.
>>
>> Special offerings of this temple
>>
>> 1) Palliyarapooja (dampathy pooja, swayamvarapooja):- According to hindu
>> rituals parvathy parameswara is the first model couples at
>> thiruvannchikkulam . Devotees worshiped the same form like
>> sivasakthyayuktho. Every day after night prossession (athazhaseeveli)
>> idols of siva and parvathy are placed in a palaquin and all the drums flute
>> and lamps are kept in front of them and then these idols are placed in a
>> palliyara (sleeping chamber) and special pooja is performed by priests. At
>> that time devotees get blessings from Lord siva and parvathy. By
>> participating in that function unmarried people will be blessed for
>> marriage and for couples they will have unity in their family life and
>> longevity. People will become lucky to get birth of new children. It was
>> well known that blessing during the day of full moon is more effective and
>> this Pooja must do continuously for 3 months.
>>
>> 2) Swayamvaraparvathy pooja:- According to astrology 7th bhava is
>> representing marriage life 7×7 weeks =49days, this pooja will be done on
>> sakthipanchakshari idol at time of parvathyyama (before sunset).By the
>> blessings of this pooja unmarried people get married immediately and
>> they get good family relationship. Sakthipanchakshari idol is mainly
>> worshipped at thiruvanchikkulam temple.
>>
>> 3) Sanghabhishekam:- One of other important offering is sanghabhishekam .
>> Devotees can offer sanghabhishekam on every day at this temple. Lord siva
>> is called asabhishekapriyan. We do this pooja to get blessings from Lord
>> siva to keep away troubles/problems from our life.
>>
>> 4) Dhara:- Lord siva likes abhishakas. We do dhara totoward off
>> illnesses.
>>
>> 5) Mrithyunjaya homam:- Lord siva has different forms. One of them is
>> mrithyunjaya Lord siva. Markkandeya escaped from Lord yamas soldiers by
>> chatting with mruthyunjaya manthras. When we pray mrinthyunjayamoorthy we
>> can escape from all accidents and illnesses and get longevity.
>>
>> Other important Offerings:
>>
>> *Charge Pooja name** Charge Pooja name*
>>
>> *Charge Pooja name*
>>
>> 180 Navagriha pooja 150 Vavu pooja
>>
>> 120 Padmaittu pooja 85 Rahu pooja
>>
>> 120 Saneeswara pooja 120 Bhagavathseva
>>
>> 100 Pal payasam 180Special ghee payasam
>>
>> 300 Pizhinja paysam 180 Panakam
>>
>> 1800 Nira mala (a) 900 Nira mala (b)
>>
>> 240 Chandanm charthal 990 Upa devanmarku
>> nivedhyam(33 deities)
>>
>> 1080 *only one per day Shanga abhishekam*
>>
>> 900 Rudra abhishekam 110 Dhara
>>
>> 600 Maha mrithyanjaya homam
>>
>> 600 Mahaganapathy homam
>>
>> 1200 Divasathe pooja 1440 Alila vilak
>>
>> 2525 101 kudam jala abhishekam
>>
>> 1800 Nira mala (palliyara) 210 Ayilya pooja
>>
>> 6000 Swayam parvathy pooja
>>
>> 2700 Palliyara pooja
>>
>> Prasadam available on 8.30a.m & 7.30pm
>>
>> Facilities
>>
>> kalyana Mandapam and Rooms are available
>>
>> Please Contact 9188958033
>>
>> Temple Timings
>>
>> Thiruvanchikulam Temple is open from 5 AM to 11 AM and from 5 PM to 08:30
>> PM.
>>
>> Administration
>>
>> The temple is maintained and administered by the Thiruvanchikulam
>> Devaswom under the Cochin Devaswom Board.
>>
>>
>>
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