CHAPTER 18 OF B G
svabhāvajēna kauntēya nibaddhaḥ svēna karmaṇā ।
kartuṃ nēchChasi yanmōhātkariṣyasyavaśō'pi tat ॥ 60 ॥
īśvaraḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ hṛddēśē'rjuna tiṣṭhati ।
bhrāmayansarvabhūtāni yantrārūḍhāni māyayā ॥ 61 ॥
tamēva śaraṇaṃ gachCha sarvabhāvēna bhārata ।
tatprasādātparāṃ śāntiṃ sthānaṃ prāpsyasi śāśvatam ॥ 62 ॥
iti tē jñānamākhyātaṃ guhyādguhyataraṃ mayā ।
vimṛśyaitadaśēṣēṇa yathēchChasi tathā kuru ॥ 63 ॥
sarvaguhyatamaṃ bhūyaḥ śṛṇu mē paramaṃ vachaḥ ।
iṣṭō'si mē dṛḍhamiti tatō vakṣyāmi tē hitam ॥ 64 ॥
manmanā bhava madbhaktō madyājī māṃ namaskuru ।
māmēvaiṣyasi satyaṃ tē pratijānē priyō'si mē ॥ 65 ॥
sarvadharmānparityajya māmēkaṃ śaraṇaṃ vraja ।
ahaṃ tvā sarvapāpēbhyō mōkṣayiṣyāmi mā śuchaḥ ॥ 66 ॥
idaṃ tē nātapaskāya nābhaktāya kadāchana ।
na chāśuśrūṣavē vāchyaṃ na cha māṃ yō'bhyasūyati ॥ 67 ॥
ya imaṃ paramaṃ guhyaṃ madbhaktēṣvabhidhāsyati ।
bhaktiṃ mayi parāṃ kṛtvā māmēvaiṣyatyasaṃśayaḥ ॥ 68 ॥
na cha tasmānmanuṣyēṣu kaśchinmē priyakṛttamaḥ ।
bhavitā na cha mē tasmādanyaḥ priyatarō bhuvi ॥ 69 ॥
adhyēṣyatē cha ya imaṃ dharmyaṃ saṃvādamāvayōḥ ।
jñānayajñēna tēnāhamiṣṭaḥ syāmiti mē matiḥ ॥ 70 ॥
śraddhāvānanasūyaścha śṛṇuyādapi yō naraḥ ।
sō'pi muktaḥ śubhāఁllōkānprāpnuyātpuṇyakarmaṇām ॥ 71 ॥
kachchidētachChrutaṃ pārtha tvayaikāgrēṇa chētasā ।
kachchidajñānasammōhaḥ pranaṣṭastē dhanañjaya ॥ 72 ॥
18 60 O Arjun, that action which out of delusion you do not wish to do,
you will be driven to do it by your own inclination, born of your own
material nature.
Bhagavad Gita 18.61 The Supreme Lord dwells in the hearts of all living
beings, O Arjun. According to their karmas, He directs the wanderings of
the souls, who are seated on a machine made of material energy.
Bhagavad Gita 18.62 Surrender exclusively unto Him with your whole being,
O Bharat. By His grace, you will attain perfect peace and the eternal abode.
Bhagavad Gita 18.63 Thus, I have explained to you this knowledge that
is more secret than all secrets. Ponder over it deeply, and then do as you
wish.
Bhagavad Gita 18.64 Hear again My supreme instruction, the most
confidential of all knowledge. I am revealing this for your benefit because
you are very dear to Me.
Bhagavad Gita 18.65 Always think of Me, be devoted to Me, worship
Me, and offer obeisance to Me. Doing so, you will certainly come to Me.
This is My pledge to you, for you are very dear to Me.
Bhagavad Gita 18.66 Abandon all varieties of dharmas and simply
surrender unto Me alone. I shall liberate you from all sinful reactions; do
not fear.
Bhagavad Gita 18.67 This instruction should never be explained to
those who are not austere or to those who are not devoted. It should also
not be spoken to those who are averse to listening (to spiritual topics),
and especially not to those who are envious of Me.
Bhagavad Gita 18.68 Amongst My devotees, those who teach this most
confidential knowledge perform the greatest act of love. They will come to
Me, without doubt. (NOT FOR MONEY LIKE A FEW ALL OVER THE WORLD)
Bhagavad Gita 18.69View commentary » No human being does more loving
service to Me than they; nor shall there ever be anyone on this earth more
dear to Me. (SARVE JANA SUKINO BHAVANTHU; SERVICE TO HUMAN IS SERVICE TO
GOD)
Bhagavad Gita 18.70 And I proclaim that those who study this sacred
dialogue of ours will worship Me (with their intellect) through the
sacrifice of knowledge; such is My view.
Bhagavad Gita 18.71 Even those who only listen to this knowledge with
faith and without envy will be liberated from sins and attain the
auspicious abodes where the pious dwell.
Bhagavad Gita 18.72 O Arjun, have you heard Me with a concentrated
mind? Have your ignorance and delusion been destroyed? (QUESTIONING ALL OF
US)
IN A NUTSHELL 18TH CHAP IS THE JUICE OF ALL THE 17 CHAPTERS OF B G;
AND VERSES 60 TO 72 IS THE ESSENCE OF BG.
The title sannyasa moksha does not mean leave family and join mutt
as sanyasi; but virtually speaks as essence these as sannyasa even as
brahma Chari or Grahasta. By Grahasta the community is cherished.
Tyaga (sanyasa) is of three kinds – sattvika, rajasika and
tamasika. Abandoning obligatory action out of delusion is tamasika. It is
not tyaga at all. False or rajasika tyaga is giving up action that is
troublesome, fearing physical discomfort. True or sattvika tyaga is
performance of obligatory action because it ought to be done, giving up
attachment and fruit.
The chapter then analyses the five distinct aspects of action – the body,
the actor, the various instruments – mind, intellect, ego, sense organs and
external instruments – their respective functions and the Divine, the
fifth. The Divine Self remains inactive but enlivens all the other entities
and enables them to function. If you identify with Atman and not the
individuality, action takes on a Divine dimension. Work becomes worship.
Such action does not bind you, not even the act of killing.
The next portion gives a brilliant insight into our personality. The
qualities of sattva, rajas and tamas impact on each aspect of our persona.
No being is free from the influence of these three gunas, traits. The
various facets of our inner working are knowledge, action, actor,
intellect, consistency and happiness. We all have one or two faults that
pull us down. By understanding the manifestation of the gunas in the
different entities, we can identify the weak spots and deal with them. Thus
the whole personality gets a lift. For example you may have sattvika
knowledge but may be tamasika in consistency. You may have the capacity to
see the larger picture and understand the oneness in and through the
superficial differences. But you may be indisciplined and inconsistent at
work. With a little effort in this area you will be able to knock off tamas
and make a huge difference in your performance.
Based on this inner composition all human beings were categorised into four
varnas or castes. This distinction was not based on heredity but on one’s
proportion of sattva, rajas and tamas. Each caste was then given a vocation
that best suited their temperament. The purpose was to facilitate the
spiritual development of all and help them rise to the highest level of
Perfection. The varnas correspond to natural archetypes that exist in all
societies and act as a general guide to fulfilment and growth in life. A
mismatch of inner composition with external work can be highly frustrating
and prevent progress.
Brahmanas who were predominantly sattvika and highly refined were role
models and led the other castes. They naturally took to academics – study,
research and teaching in the fields of science, medicine, engineering etc.
They were also stalwarts in soft skills like music, art, literature and
philosophy. They were the advisors to the other castes, particularly in the
field of ethics and morality. Thus ancient India was led by men and women
of wisdom, not of wealth. They guided the wealthy Ksatriyas and protected
them from the corruptive influence of wealth and power. The Ksatriyas –
ruler and warrior caste with administrative and management skills – were
predominantly rajasika. Vaishyas, traders and businessmen, had more tamas.
The sudras, labour class, were predominantly tamasika.
Krsna encapsulates the entire spiritual path in verses 46 to 57 starting
with the three practices of Karma Yoga, Bhakti Yoga and Jnana Yoga and
ending with meditation. He cautions Arjuna, and all of us, on the
consequences of disregarding His advice. If you shift your focus to the
Self, Atman, you will overcome all obstacles. If you ignore the Divinity
and get lost in the material realms you will perish.
Krsna then leaves us to do as we wish. The Bhagavad Gita is not a doctrine
of adesa, commandments, that must be accepted without question. It is
upadesa, advice based on a logical, scientific treatise on the human
personality. You need to reflect deeply on these principles, examine them
from different angles, experiment with them and draw your own conclusions.
Exactly as you would with Physics or Chemistry. Then you will automatically
live them. You will experience the truths laid down in the Gita and find
Liberation while living in the world. You will live like a king, think like
a sannyasi. Command the resources of the world but not depend on them.
K Rajaram IRS 3525
On Sat, 3 May 2025 at 08:02, Jambunathan Iyer <[email protected]> wrote:
> Bhagavath Gita Th Last Chapter and What I understood. I am sharing my
> Learning Now.
>
> We the believer of Hinduism and Our culture all aware Bhagavath Gita as a
> whole is the Voice of God and it teaches us all the Good in Life to be
> followed and what are all the bad to be Eliminated from our Life Style.
> All these are with around 700 Sloka covered in 18 Chapters. In the last
> chapter of the Bhagavad Gita i.e. 18th Chapter the Moksha Sanyas Yog Lord
> Krishna concluding his Teaching to Arjuna and also to us covering all
> whatever he told in detailed in the previous 17 Chapters and had a run
> through on the Perfection of Renunciation and Surrendered it is the longest
> one chapter as it explicates many subjects.
>
> It starts with Arjun requesting Shree Krishna to educate him on
> renunciation and explain the difference between Sanyas(renunciation of
> actions) and Tyag (renunciation of desires), However, Shree Krishna
> declares that one should never renounce the prescribed acts of duty,
> sacrifice, charity, penance, etc., as these aid in the purification of even
> the wisest souls. One should undertake actions only as a matter of duty
> without any attachment to their fruits.
>
> Further in this chapter, Shree Krishna portrays in detail the attributes
> of those who have attained perfection in spirituality and realized the
> Brahman and the most confidential-knowledge is to abandon all variations of
> religiosity and only surrender to God.
>
> Only in this chapter enlightened with the divine knowledge, Arjun tells
> Shree Krishna that all his doubts and illusions have dispelled, and he is
> ready to start war against the Gowrav's . Lord Krishna concludes the
> Bhagavad Gita—The Divine Song of God with a profound pronouncement that
> victory, goodness, opulence, sovereignty will always rest on the side of
> God and His pure devotee.
>
> N Jambunathan Rengarajapuram-Kodambakkam-Chennai-Mob:9176159004
>
> *" What you get by achieving your goals is not as important as what you
> become by achieving your goals. If you want to live a happy life, tie it to
> a goal, not to people or things "*
>
>
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