*CULTURAL QA 09202406* *General QA-Base Quora QA- Compiled*
*Q1 Why are flies so fast?* *A1 Ian O'Grady, Studied TV and Film Production11mo* *Have ever wondered why it’s so hard to swat a fly? It almost feels like they know what you are going to do before you even do it and dodge all your swats.* *They can do this because they have big eyes that have up to 6,000 “Ommatidia,” which are like thousands of little lenses, which means they have the fastest vision on earth. They also have tiny brains that can process information ten times faster than a human. To a fly, we appear to be in slow motion.* *They can see you coming from nearly any angle, and they have tiny hairs all over their bodies to feel the air move as you approach.* *Flies need to be able to fly away in a split second, and despite only having two wings, they have amazing take-off speeds and quick flight manoeuvres. It has been recently discovered that flies have these things called “Halteres,” which are dumbbell-shaped, evolutionary remnants of wings that allows them to sense in-air rotations.* *They coordinate their legs, wings and Halteres to quickly avoid any danger mid-flight. They can also flap their wings over 200 cycles per second.* *Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx* KR: The fastest flying species is the peregrine falcon. In a stoop or hunting dive, which is a specialized hunting maneuver, peregrine falcons can reach speeds of over 240 miles per hour (386 kilometers per hour). Here’s why peregrine falcons are able to fly so fast: Streamlined Body: Peregrine falcons have a sleek, aerodynamic body shape that reduces air resistance, allowing them to cut through the air more efficiently. Powerful Muscles: Their powerful flight muscles provide the necessary force to reach and maintain high speeds. The muscles are specially adapted to generate rapid bursts of power. Specialized Feathers: The falcon’s feathers are adapted to minimize drag. Their wing structure, with a pronounced leading edge, helps reduce air resistance an turbulence. Strong Talons and Beak: Their strong talons and beak are adapted for grabbing prey at high speeds, which also helps in maintaining control during a high-speed dive. Acute Vision: Peregrine falcons have incredibly sharp vision, allowing them to spot prey from great distances while diving at high speeds. This vision helps them make precise adjustments during their high-speed stoop. In contrast, if we consider level flight, the swift (specifically the common swift) is known for being the fastest, reaching speeds of up to 60 miles per hour (97 kilometers per hour) in level flight. Swifts maintain such speeds due to their aerodynamic bodies, long wings, and highly efficient flight muscles. They also spend a lot of their lives in the air, which contributes to their high-speed capabilities. Flies, specifically the common housefly (Musca domestica), typically fly at speeds of about 5 miles per hour (8 kilometers per hour). However, their speed can vary depending on the species and environmental factors. For comparison: Horseflies (family Tabanidae) can fly at speeds of around 15 miles per hour (24 kilometers per hour). Tsetse flies (genus Glossina) are known to fly at speeds of up to 10 miles per hour (16 kilometers per hour). Despite their relatively modest speeds compared to birds or larger insects, flies have remarkable agility and maneuverability, which helps them evade predators and navigate complex environments. Flies, including the common housefly, have several unique anatomical features that contribute to their ability to fly efficiently: Wings: Single Pair of Wings: Unlike many other insects that have two pairs of wings, flies have only one pair. The second pair is reduced to small, knob-like structures called halteres, which help with balance and stability during flight. Wing Structure: The wings are thin and membranous with a network of veins that provide structural support. The flexible wing veins can adapt their shape and angle during flight to enhance maneuverability. Muscle System: Direct Flight Muscles: Flies have powerful direct flight muscles that attach directly to the wings. These muscles control the wing's up-and-down motion. Indirect Flight Muscles: In addition to direct muscles, flies have indirect flight muscles that are attached to the thorax. These muscles contract to change the shape of the thorax, which indirectly causes wing movement. Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Cheetah Speed and Structure Speed: The cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) is the fastest land animal, capable of reaching speeds up to 60-70 miles per hour (97-113 kilometers per hour) in short bursts covering distances up to 500 meters. They can accelerate from 0 to 60 miles per hour in just a few seconds. Structure: Muscular Build: Cheetahs have powerful, well-developed muscles, particularly in their hind legs, which are crucial for explosive speed and acceleration. Flexible Spine: Their spine is highly flexible and acts like a spring, allowing for greater stride length and rapid acceleration. The spine can flex and extend with each stride, contributing significantly to their speed. Large Nasal Passages: The cheetah's large nasal passages allow for increased oxygen intake during high-speed chases. This helps in maintaining their speed by ensuring efficient oxygen supply to their muscles. Small Collarbone: Cheetahs have a small, or even absent, collarbone, which allows for a greater range of motion in their forelimbs and contributes to their high-speed running efficiency. Long Legs: Their long, slender legs are optimized for speed, providing a long stride and reducing the amount of time their body is in contact with the ground. Aerodynamic Body: The cheetah’s body is sleek and aerodynamic, reducing air resistance and allowing it to move more efficiently at high speeds. Large Adrenal Glands: These help in the production of adrenaline, which aids in quick responses and high-speed chases. Usain Bolt Speed and Structure Speed: Usain Bolt, the world record holder in the 100 meters with a top speed of around 27.8 miles per hour (44.7 kilometers per hour), achieved this during his record-setting runs. Structure: Muscle Composition: Bolt has a high proportion of fast-twitch muscle fibers, which are crucial for explosive speed and powerful sprints. These muscles can generate quick and forceful contractions. Long Legs: Bolt’s long legs contribute to his stride length, allowing him to cover more ground with each step. His stride efficiency plays a significant role in his speed. Efficient Running Form: Bolt’s running form is optimized for speed, including a high knee lift, a powerful arm swing, and an efficient stride technique. Strong Core: A well-developed core supports his running posture and helps in maintaining balance and stability while sprinting. Aerodynamic Build: Bolt’s lean physique and low body fat reduce air resistance, enhancing his running efficiency. High VO2 Max: Bolt has a high VO2 max, meaning his body can utilize oxygen efficiently during high-intensity exercise, supporting sustained high-speed running. Comparison Cheetah: Adapted for short bursts of incredible speed with physical features like a flexible spine and powerful hind legs. Usain Bolt: Human adaptations for sprinting include a combination of muscle efficiency, stride length, and running form, though human speed is much lower compared to the cheetah’s. Both the cheetah and Usain Bolt exhibit remarkable speed due to their specialized anatomical features, but the cheetah’s adaptations are tailored for high-speed pursuits over short distances, while Bolt’s physical traits support human sprinting capabilities. Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx SO, EACH HAS A STRUCTURE AND WHY FLY AS IF………? ------------------------------------------------------------- *Q4 Do Brahmins have the moral authority to speak against reservation, as they have been the main beneficiaries of the caste system?* Kr: What a funny accusing Brahmins and appreciating Brahmins, and condemning the brahmin. The Karma, decided the grdes like IFS, IAS, IPS and IRS apart from Judges, Doctors, Armed core etc. But a few enforce bad comments against them, abuse them for no fault of such.WHY? Comments on duty @ Karma, is not the same as unquaalified reservations without basis. --------------------------------------------------------------- *Q5 What are the bitter truths of going to the US to pursue an MS, as an Indian?* KR: Nagarjuna wrote the answer and copined a question which the compiler blindly adopted. Forget USA; People go to Russia for Medicine; People from foreign countries like China come to study at NALANDA in India. So studying is different from being Indian. The person who has ideas and intelligence, needs the knowledge, more than computed in the class. A 5th standard USA, ENGLAND, Japan and Korea student is able to write a book, review an essay and articke of advanced subject so easily, while 99% of the students of that age in India or even elders May not be so fluent. Education must not lead to mugging and marks fpr 10 points alone. K RAJARAM IRS 6924 ---------- Forwarded message --------- From: Gopala Krishnan <[email protected]> Date: Fri, 6 Sept 2024 at 18:52 Subject: [iyer123] CULTURAL QA 09-2024-06 To: <[email protected]> CULTURAL QA 09-2024-06 General QA-Base Quora QA- Compiled Q1 Why are flies so fast? A1 Ian O'Grady, Studied TV and Film Production11mo Have ever wondered why it’s so hard to swat a fly? It almost feels like they know what you are going to do before you even do it and dodge all your swats. They can do this because they have big eyes that have up to 6,000 “Ommatidia,” which are like thousands of little lenses, which means they have the fastest vision on earth. They also have tiny brains that can process information ten times faster than a human. To a fly, we appear to be in slow motion. They can see you coming from nearly any angle, and they have tiny hairs all over their bodies to feel the air move as you approach. Flies need to be able to fly away in a split second, and despite only having two wings, they have amazing take-off speeds and quick flight manoeuvres. It has been recently discovered that flies have these things called “Halteres,” which are dumbbell-shaped, evolutionary remnants of wings that allows them to sense in-air rotations. They coordinate their legs, wings and Halteres to quickly avoid any danger mid-flight. They can also flap their wings over 200 cycles per second. Q2 What kitchen tricks did your mother teach you? A2 Jayasudha, Food Blogger (2018–present)5y While sautéing vegetables in oil for preparing curry do not add entire salt to the veggies because when vegetables shrink in quantity it will become salty hence while frying any vegetables in oil add salt only when the vegetables is three fourth cooked. While preparing dosa on skillet you can prepare the last dosa by switching off the gas stove. Because the hot skillet can generate enough heat and at the same time you can save fuel. While emptying cooking oil from the pouch do not discard the cover immediately. Place it vertically in upright position for couple of days. You can get up to 2 tsp of oil from the empty pouch. Always use long ladle for deep frying dishes. When dosa batter turns sour add rice flour or semolina to the batter to reduce the sourness. To get more juice from lemon, take out the lemon from the refrigerator and place it in cup of water and roll it before cutting. Q3 What is the funniest joke you know, but didn't think was funny when someone told it to you? A3 Richard Harris, Former Retired11mo Was walking down the street one day when I saw in front of me a ladder. The ladder had a sign next to it…..Climb this ladder to success, in big bold print. I thought why not. I was nearly at the top when suddenly a guy opens the window and effeminately shouts….”Hi ,I'm Cess”…..!!!! Q4 Do Brahmins have the moral authority to speak against reservation, as they have been the main beneficiaries of the caste system? A4 Bhadra Rao J, Lives in Hyderabad, Telangana, India 7y I'm not a Brahmin I'm from backward caste. But TBH I never used the card nor went to any govt job. But I'm writing this because the reservation system is being used in a pretty wrong way. The real needy are not getting any benefits. Those who benefited are still using it. They are exploiting the system. None of the real needy don't know the benefits except for few. On the other side there are lakhs of upper caste people who are below poverty line still don't get any benefit as they are born so. The system needs to change taking consideration on basis of financial condition but not by birth in some caste. The upper caste might have done or deliberately done atrocities on backward and other castes. But for a few you can't punish all. Q5 What are the bitter truths of going to the US to pursue an MS, as an Indian? Nagarjuna Kimi, Master's in Computer Science from USC. Updated 6y I did my MS right after B.Tech. Had been in US between 2008–2015. These are the truths that later turn out to be bitter due to one’s own ignorance: Not all M.S degrees are created equal. Do not expect to have a cakewalk by enrolling in some or the other universities. Just like in India, worthless universities exist in USA too. Many students and parents miss this point. Have a good GPA and get a good GRE score to at least get a decent university. Your degree does not entitle you a job. You should pick tough courses and work hard on projects to develop hands on programming. My campus selections in India went easy. In the USA it is nothing like that - every interviewer from each and every company is going to grill you on your skills. Sometimes it takes time to get a job. A lot of time in fact. I had a decent first job in a small company, but left it since I was very choosy and immature at that time. I was unable to land in the next job for nearly 6 months. You should be patient and perseverant. Generally, I would not answer questions which ask for a negative perspective. But I wrote this answer for two reasons. Firstly, I want to assert that USA is a land of opportunities for Computer Science engineers. The education system is very good. If you put in hard work and navigate through opportunities, you will definitely land in a job. I had seen many below average students face difficulties but ultimately got jobs due to proper guidance (from their friends/family/seniors) and channelized efforts. In my opinion, if a CS grad is unable to get a job when there is no-recession, then it is completely his/her fault. All you need is vision and preparation to reach it. Secondly, I am very very disappointed with one of the answers to this question. The writer talks about how his joblessness led to depression, smoking and drinking. Since he has disabled comments section to his question, I wanted to clarify certain things. I had a similar story to his. I was jobless for over 6 months. After my friends left to office, I was the only person in our home located in a suburb. Normally anyone would wake up due to a noise, but there were times when I woke up from a nap due to the silence around me. I gave interview after interview but somehow could not land in a job. My friends, who sometimes used to listen to my phone interviews, got perplexed as to how I didn’t land in a job in spite of giving excellent answers. But unlike the other person, I did not deviate from my goal. After each interview I noted down questions, my responses and identified areas I could improve. I read 3–4 books inside out and wrote a certification to prove my depth in a particular language. Whether or not I was going to get a job, I told myself that I am never going to give up or let myself down. I kept myself mentally strong and took responsibility of my decisions. I split my time to four things: Study 4–5 hours each day; Walk around deserted streets for 45 mins; Cook for myself; Watch TV comedies for 1–2 hours. After months of such disciplined preparation, I attended an interview with Cisco. In my interview, I gave no chance to luck or fate. I answered every question in depth and with great confidence forcing interviewers to think on the spot to frame a question that would be tough enough for me. After my interview, I told my roommates that I was going to get this job (which I ultimately did). When life gives you challenges, face them. To the readers, it is up to you whether you want to take inspiration from this story or develop a pessimistic view from the other answer I mentioned about. A recession can be your only real enemy in the USA. I also agree that success for a non-CS grad is not a guarantee even with hard work. But I have seen some friends who successfully switched to software field after a few months of job search in their original field. P.S: To all Quora writers (including myself), please be sensitive and responsible while writing answers related to education and career. Edit 1: The secret for success in this phase is that not once did I consider these to be bad days. I felt I was ever improving and felt content with reaching smaller goals like learning a new lesson, skill etc. As a person who enjoys the process more than results, today, I consider those days to be soul-satisfying ones. Edit 2:Please note that this answer was written before Trump era. The risks are now far higher. -- To go to your groups page on the web, login to your gmail account and then click on https://groups.google.com/ --- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "iyer123" group. 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