MAHABAHARATHAM RAJASUYA WARS OF SAHADEVA AND NAKULA
Sahadevan in 3100 BCE saw monkey kingdom of kishkinda and won the battle
after Ramayana period.
SECTION XXX(Digvijaya Parva) (sabha parva Mahabhaeartham) Ganguli
Vaisampayana said,–”Thus also Sahadeva, dismissed with affection by king
Yudhisthira the just, marched towards the southern direction accompanied by
a mighty host. Strong in strength, that mighty prince of the Kuru race,
vanquishing completely at the outset the Surasenas, brought the king of
Matsya under his sway. And the hero then, defeating Dantavakra, the mighty
king of the Adhirajas and making him pay tribute, re-established him on his
throne. The prince then brought under his sway Sukumara and then king
Sumitra, and he next vanquished the other Matsyas and then the Patacharas.
Endued with great intelligence, the Kuru warrior then conquered soon enough
the country of the Nishadas and also the high hill called Gosringa, and
that lord of earth called Srenimat. And subjugating next the country called
Navarashtra, the hero marched against Kuntibhoja, who with great
willingness accepted the sway of the conquering hero. Andmarching thence to
the banks of the Charmanwati, the Kuru warrior met the son of king Jamvaka,
who had, on account of old hostilities, been defeated before by Vasudeva. O
Bharata, the son of Jamvaka gave battle to Sahadeva. And Sahadeva,
defeating the prince, marched towards the south. The mighty warrior then
vanquished the Sekas and others, and exacted tributes from them and also
various kinds of gems and wealth. Allying himself with the vanquished tribes
the prince then marched towards the countries that lay on the banks of the
Narmada. And defeating there in battle the two heroic kings of Avanti,
called Vinda and Anuvinda, supported by a mighty host, the mighty son of
the twin gods exacted much wealth from them. After this the hero marched
towards the town of Bhojakata, and there, O king of unfading glory, a
fierce encounter took place between him and the king of that city for two
whole days. But the son of Madri, vanquishing the invincible Bhismaka, then
defeated in battle the king of Kosala and the ruler of the territories
lying on the banks of the Venwa, as also the Kantarakas and the kings of
the eastern Kosalas. The hero then defeated both the Natakeyas and the
Heramvaks in battle, and subjugating the country of Marudha, reduced
Munjagrama by sheer strength. And the son of Pandu then vanquished the
mighty monarchs of the Nachinas and the Arvukas and the various forest king
of that part of the country. Endued with great strength the hero then
reduced to subjection king Vatadhipa. *And defeating in battle the
Pulindas, the hero then marched southward.* Andthe younger brother of
Nakula then fought for one whole day with the king of Pandrya. The
long-armed hero having vanquished that monarch marched further to the
south. And then he beheld the celebrated caves of Kishkindhya and in that
region fought for seven days with the monkey-kings Mainda and Dwivida. Those
illustrious kings however, without being tired an the encounter, were
gratified with Sahadeva. And joyfully addressing the Kuru prince, they
said,’O tiger among the sons of Pandu, go hence, taking with the tribute
from us all. Let the mission of the king Yudhishthira the just possessed of
great intelligence, be accomplished without hindrance. Andtaking jewels and
gems from them all, the hero marched towards the city of Mahishmati, and
there that bull of men did battle with king Nila. The battle that took
place between king Nila and the mighty Sahadeva the son of Pandu, that
slayer of hostile heroes, was fierce and terrible. And the encounter was an
exceedingly bloody one, and the life of the hero himself was exposed to
great risk, for the god Agni himself assisted king Nila in that fight. Then
the cars, heroes, elephants, and the soldiers in their coats of mail
of Sahadeva’s
army all appeared to be on f ire. And beholding this the prince of the Kuru
race became exceedingly anxious. And, OJanamejaya, at sight of this the
hero could not resolve upon what he should do. Janamejaya said,–O
regenerate one, why was it that the god Agni become hostile in battle to
Sahadeva, who was f ighting simply for the accomplishment of a sacrifice
(and therefore, for the gratification of Agni himself)?
Vaisampayana said,–’It is said, O Janamejaya, that the god Agni
while residing in Mahishmati, earned the reputation of a lover. King Nila
had a daughter who was exceedingly beautiful. She used to always stay near
the sacred fire of her father, causing it to blaze up with vigour. And it
so happened that king Nila’s fire, even if fanned, would not blaze up till
agitated by the gentle breath of that girl’s fair lips. And it was said in
King Nila’s palace and in the house of all his subjects that the god Agni
desired that beautiful girl for his bride. And it so happened that he was
accepted by the girl herself. Oneday the deity assuming the form of a
Brahmana, was happily enjoying the society of the fair one, when he was
discovered by the king. And the virtuous king thereupon ordered the
Brahmana to be punished according to law. At this the illustrious deity
flamed up in wrath. And beholding this, the king wondered much and bent his
head low on the ground. And after some time the king bowing low bestowed
the daughter of his upon the god Agni, disguised as a Brahmana. And the god
Vibhabasu (Agni) accepting that fair-browed daughter of king Nila, became
gracious to that monarch. And Agni, the illustrious gratifier of all
desires also asked the monarch to beg a boon of him. And the king begged
that his troops might never be struck with panic while engaged in battle.
And from that time, O king, those monarchs who from ignorance of this,
desire to subjugate king Nila’s city, are consumed by Hutasana (Agni). And
>From That time, O perpetuator of the Kuru race, the girls of the city of
Mahishmati became rather unacceptable to others (as wives). And Agni by his
boon granted them sexual liberty, so that the women of that town always
roam about at will, each unbound to a particular husband. And, O bull of
the Bharata race, from that time the monarchs (of other countries) forsake
this city for fear of Agni. And The virtuous Sahadeva, beholding his troops
afflicted with fear and surrounded by flames of fire, himself stood there
immovable as a mountain. And purifying himself and touching water, the hero
(Sahadeva) then addressed Agni, the god that sanctifies everything, in
these words,’I bow to you, O you whose track is always marked with smoke.
These my exertions are all for you. O you sanctifier of all, you are the
mouth of the gods and you are Sacrifice personified. You are called Pavaka
because you sanctify everything, and you are Havyavahana, because you carry
the clarified butter that is poured on you. *The Vedas have sprung for
ministering to you, and, therefore, you are called Jataveda.* Chief of the
gods as you are, you are called Chitrabhanu, Anala, Vibhavasu, Hutasana,
Jvalana, Sikhi, Vaiswanara, Pingesa, Plavanga, Bhuritejah. You are he from
whom Kumara (Kartikeya) had his origin; you are holy; you are called
Rudragarva and Hiranyakrit. Let you, O Agni, grant me energy, let Vayu
grant me life, let Earth grant me nourishment and strength, and let Water
grant me prosperity. O Agni, you who are the first cause of the waters, you
who are of great purity, you for ministering to whom the Vedas have sprung,
you who are the foremost of the deities, you who are their mouth, O purify
me by your truth. Rishis and Brahmanas, Deities and Asuras pour clarified
butter every day, according to the ordinance into you during sacrifices.
Let the rays of truth emanating from you, while you exhibit yourself in
those sacrifices, purify me. Smoke-bannered as you are and possessed of
flames, you great purifier from all sins born of Vayu and ever present as
you are in all creatures, O purify me by the rays of your truth. Having
cleansed myself thus cheerfully, O exalted one, do I pray to you. O Agni,
grant me now contentment and prosperity, and knowledge and gladness.
Vaisampayana continued.–’He that will pour clarified butter into Agni
reciting these mantras, will ever be blessed with prosperity, and having
his soul under complete control will also be cleansed from all his sins.
”Sahadeva, addressing Agni again, said,’O carrier of the sacrificial
libations, it behoves you not to obstruct a sacrifice!’ Having said this,
that tiger among men–the son of Madri–spreading some kusa grass on earth
sat down in expectation of the (approaching) fire and in front of those
terrified and anxious troops of his. And Agni, too, like the ocean that
never transgresses its continents, did not pass over his head. On the other
hand, approaching Sahadeva quietly and addressing that prince of the Kuru
race, Agni, that god of men, gave him every assurance and said,’O you of
the Kuru race, rise up from this posture. O rise up, I was only trying you.
I know all your purposes, as also those of the son of Dharma (Yudhisthira).
But, O best of the Bharata race, as long as there is a descendant of king
Nila’s line, so long should this town be protected by me. I will, however O
son of Pandu, gratify the desires of your heart. Andat these words of Agni,
O bull of the Bharata race, the son of Madri rose up with a cheerful heart,
and joining his hands and bending his head worshipped that god of fire,
sanctifier of all beings.
And at last, after Agni had disappeared, king Nila came there, and at
the command of that deity, worshipped with due rites Sahadeva, that tiger
among men–that master of battle. And Sahadeva accepted that worship and
made him pay tribute. And having brought king Nila under his sway thus, the
victorious son of Madri then went further towards the south. The long-armed
hero then brought the king of Tripura of immeasurable energy under his
sway. And next turning his forces against the Paurava kingdom, he
vanquished and reduced to subjection the monarch thereof. And the prince,
after this, with great efforts brought Akriti, the king of Saurashtra and
preceptor of the Kausikas under his sway. The virtuous prince, while
staying in the kingdom of Saurashtra sent an ambassador to king Rukmin of
Bhishmaka within the territories of Bhojakata, who, rich in possessions and
intelligence, was the friend of Indra himself. And the monarch along with
his son, remembering their relationship with Krishna, cheerfully accepted,
O king, the sway of the son of Pandu. And the master of battle then, having
exacted jewels and wealth from king Rukmin, marched further to the south.
And, endued with great energy and great strength, the hero then, reduced to
subjection, Surparaka and Talakata, and the Dandakas also. The Kuru warrior
then vanquished and brought under his subjection numberless kings of the
Mlechchha tribe living on the sea coast, and the Nishadas and the cannibals
and even the Karnapravarnas, and those tribes also called the Kalamukhas
who were a cross between human beings and Rakshasas, and the whole of the
Cole mountains, and also Surabhipatna, and the island called the Copper
island, and the mountain called
Ramaka.
The high-souled warrior, having brought under subjection king Timingila,
conquered a wild tribe known by the name of the Kerakas who were men with
one leg. The son of Pandu also conquered the town of Sanjayanti and the
country of the Pashandas and the Karahatakas by means of his messengers
alone, and made all of them pay tributes to him. The hero brought under his
subjection and exacted tributes from the Paundrayas and the Dravidas along
with the Udrakeralas and the Andhras and the Talavanas, the Kalingas and
the Ushtrakarnikas, and also the delightful city of Atavi and that of the
Yavanas. And, O king of kings, that slayer of all foes, the virtuous and
intelligent son of Madri having arrived at the sea-shore, then despatched
with great assurance messengers to the illustrious Vibhishana, the grandson
of Pulastya. And the monarch willingly accepted the sway of the son of
Pandu, for that intelligent and exalted king regarded it all as the act of
Time. And he sent to the son of Pandu diverse kinds of jewels and gems, and
sandal and also wood, and many celestial ornaments, and much costly
apparel, and many valuable pearls. Andthe intelligent Sahadeva, accepting
them all, returned to his own kingdom. ”Thus it was, O king, that slayer of
all foes, having vanquished by conciliation and war numerous kings and
having also made them pay tribute, came back to his own city. The bull of
the Bharata race, having presented the whole of that wealth to king
Yudhisthira the just regarded himself, O Janamejaya, as crowned with
success and continued to live happily.”
SECTION XXXI (Digvijaya Parva)
Vaisampayana
said,–”I shall now recite to you the deeds and triumphs of Nakula, and how
that exalted one conquered the direction that had once been subjugated by
Vasudeva. The intelligent Nakula, surrounded by a large host, set out from
Khandavaprastha for the west, making this earth tremble with the shouts and
the leonine roars of the warriors and the deep rattle of chariot wheels.
Andthe hero first assailed the mountainous country called Rohitaka that was
dear to (the celestial generalissimo) Kartikeya and which was delightful
and prosperous and full of cows and every kind of wealth and produce. And
the encounter the son of Pandu had with the Mattamyurakas of that country
was fierce. And the illustrious Nakula after this, subjugated the whole of
the desert country and the region known as Sairishaka full of plenty, as
also that other one called Mahetta. And the hero had a fierce encounter
with the royal sage Akrosa. And the son of Pandu left that part of the
country having subjugated the Dasarnas, the Sivis, the Trigartas, the
Amvashtas, the Malavas, the five tribes of the Karnatas, and those twice
born classes that were called the Madhyamakeyas and Vattadhanas. Andmaking
circuitous journey that bull among men then conquered the (Mlechcha) tribes
called the Utsava-sanketas. And the illustrious hero soon brought under
subjection the mighty Gramaniya that dwelt on the shore of the sea, and the
Sudras and the Abhiras that dwelt on the banks of the Saraswati, and all
those tribes that lived upon fisheries, and those also that dwelt on the
mountains, and the whole of the country called after the five rivers, and
the mountains called Amara, and the country called Uttarayotisha and the
city of Divyakutta and the tribe called Dwarapala.
Andthe son of Pandu, by sheer force, reduced to subjection the
Ramathas, the Harahunas, and various kings of the west. And while staying
there Nakula sent. O Bharata, messengers to Vasudeva. And Vasudeva with all
the Yadavas accepted his sway. And the mighty hero, proceeding thence to
Sakala, the city of the Madras, made his uncle Salya accept from affection
the sway of the Pandavas. And, O monarch, the illustrious prince deserving
the hospitality and entertainment at his uncle’s hands, was well
entertained by his uncle. And skilled in war, the prince, taking from Salya
a large quantity of jewels and gems, left his kingdom. Andthe son of Pandu
then reduced to subjection the fierce Mlechchas residing on the sea coast,
as also the wild tribes of the Palhavas, the Kiratas, the Yavanas, and the
Sakas. And having subjugated various monarchs, and making all of them pay
tributes, Nakula, that foremost of the Kurus, full of resources, retraced
his way towards his own city. And, O king, so great was the treasure which
Nakula brought that ten thousand camels could carry it with difficulty on
their backs. And arriving at Indraprastha, the heroic and fortunate son of
Madri presented the whole of that wealth to Yudhishthira. ”Thus, O king,
did Nakula subjugate the countries that lay to the west–the direction that
is presided over by the god Varuna, and that had once before been
subjugated by Vasudeva himself!”
K Rajaram IRS 12824 13824
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