I found something which seems to be related:
http://sourceforge.net/mailarchive/message.php?msg_id=26842466
especially the last comment (
http://sourceforge.net/mailarchive/message.php?msg_id=26867989 ), if I
understand it correctly the headphone - mute problem is solved by a new sound
driver?
It seems to be a problem with a changed Syntax in the /etc/pam.d/common-* files.
The problem occurs when upgrading the system while having a manually changed
config in the /etc/pam.d/common-* files, which is quite common when using LDAP
auth.
To solve the problem try to run: "pam-auth-update --f