ode-encoded, multilingual serialization format that we
could shoot over the network, store on disks and move
between processes that we have running in browsers in many
places? Yes! Let's call it JSON, JavaScript Object
Notation.
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gger.debug(" args: %r", args)
if args:
ap.print_help()
sys.exit("\nExtra arguments received: %r" % (args,))
return config, args
def arg_isloglevel(l, defaultlevel=logging.ERROR):
try:
level = int(l)
return level
except ValueError:
pass
level = getattr(logging, l.upper(), None)
if not level:
level = defaultlevel
return level
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-- warning, we are about to change the value for Foo.x')
print()
Foo.x = 6.022141e-23
print('# -- f.x retrieves class value, f.y instance value')
print('f.x = %s, f.y = %s, Foo.x = %s' % (f.x, f.y, Foo.x))
print()
f.removeinstancex()
print('# --
t(haystack, exact, ''.join(sorted(partial)))
On the other hand, there are probably lots of papers on how to do
this much more efficiently.
-Martin
MIBMMCCO False CIMO
YOWHHOY False HO
OFHCMLIP True CFHILMOP
OFHCMLIPZ True CFHILMOP
FHCMLIP False CFHILMP
NEGBQJKR False
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user types '0r' it will be removed from the beginning of the
>queue.
Once you have the addition of items to the queue and the looping
worked out to your satisfaction, maybe you could share your progress
and there might be somebody to provide a bit mor
path(g, source, destination)
print("If there is a path in this graph from node %s to node %s: %s" %
(source, destination, reachable,))
# -- can you get to destination from source?
if reachable:
path = nx.shortest_path(g, source, destination)
print("Path from %s to %s: %r" % (source, destination, path,))
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def thing():
x, y = 3.141592653589793, 2.718281828459045
text = '''\n
Output from __str__ of POCWP.
After the first turnover, during the 'Population Of Capitals Init' cycle,
the productivities were raised from 1.0
t
k!
-Martin
[0] https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#isinstance
[1] http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/articles/duck_typing.shtml
[2]
https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#sequence-types-list-tuple-range
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has method run
INFO:root:Class AcceptStrings has method setUp
INFO:root:Class AcceptStrings has method setUpClass
INFO:root:Class AcceptStrings has method shortDescription
INFO:root:Class AcceptStrings has method skipTest
INFO:root:Class AcceptStrings has method subTest
INFO:root:Class AcceptStrings has method tearDown
INFO:root:Class AcceptStrings has method tearDownClass
INFO:root:Class AcceptStrings has method test_func
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though I will continue
>searching and reading.
I hope my long-winded explanation amkes that a bit clearer.
Good luck,
-Martin
[0] https://docs.python.org/3/library/unittest.html#unittest.TestLoader
[1] https://docs.python.org/3/library/unittest.html#unittest.TestSuite
[2] https://docs.python
untrust IP ''"Example
> 172.20.2.3/28"'':')
You might try using the ipaddress library in the following way:
>>> i = ipaddress.ip_interface(u'172.20.2.3/28')
>>> i.ip
IPv4Address(u'172.20.2.3')
>>
.net/~goodger/projects/pycon/2007/idiomatic/handout.html#eafp-try-except-example
[1] https://pypi.python.org/pypi/ipaddr
[2] https://docs.python.org/3/library/ipaddress.html
[3] https://docs.python.org/2/library/socket.html
https://docs.python.org/3/library/socket.ht
(__main__.BillTest) ... ok
>test_input_not_float_raises_ValueError (__main__.BillTest) ... Not a float
>FAIL
Good luck!
-Martin
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first unless you're Dutch.
Now is better than never.
Although never is often better than *right* now.
If the implementation is hard to explain, it's a bad idea.
If the implementation is easy to explain, it may be a good idea.
Namespaces are one honking great idea -- let's do more of those!
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;__main__':
proggie, args = sys.argv[0], sys.argv[1:]
if len(args) == 1:
fname = args.pop()
sys.exit(cli_ris(fname))
elif len(args) == 2:
fname, step = args
step = int(step)
sys.exit(cli_ris(fname, step=
with the different datatypes and functions.
If you have more questions, please ask here, there are quite a few
others who are happy to help.
Best of luck,
-Martin
Tutorial: https://docs.python.org/2/tutorial/introduction.html
on numbers: https://docs.python.org/2/tutorial/in
I do not know if other people have found this list behaviour
surprising when writing in both languages, but I do like the Python approach
better on the list handling.
The standard library contains a wider assortment of tools than the Perl
standard library, so when you are looking for a toolkit
ine that on my box, I can
only handle 988 calls to the same function before triggering the
maxmimum recursion depth exceeded error.
Given that your question was recursion, I chose to focus on that,
but I would recommend using the simplest tool for the job, and in
this case that wou
icontrol')
You should see the name 'uicontrol' and the contents of each tag,
stripped of all surrounding context.
The above snippet is really just an example to show you how easy it
is (from a coding perspective) to use lxml. You still have to make
the investment to understand how lx
come to the world of Python!
-Martin
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ss.
>but I get an error if I try
>
>from datetime.datetime import now, strftime
If you are mostly interested in shortening your import statement, I have seen
people use this sort of technique:
>>> from datetime import datetime as dt
>>> now = dt.now()
>>> now.strftime('%F-%T')
'2016-02-21-18:30:37'
Good luck and enjoy,
-Martin
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ps me to see my own errors.
Good luck,
-Martin
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s()
# -- class attribute can be overridden in instances
c.redefine_in_instance()
c.oh_there_it_is()
# -- newly defined instances will get the default class attribute
d = MyClass()
d.oh_there_it_is()
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__
ggest
that you convert the serialized representation of the data (a
string) into an object or datatype in memory that allows you to
perform the desired sorting, computation, calculation or
range-finding. Also, if you have a smaller block of code and data,
we may find it easier to make spe
just want an individual thingy that that behaves like a file, but
>> can be constructed in memory, use StringIO (or cStringIO).
>
>Isn't option D what Danny was using to make option B? Or are you
>saying keep things even simpler?
Oh dear--yes. Apologies, Danny and
ess concerned about filesystem interactions and really
just want an individual thingy that that behaves like a file, but
can be constructed in memory, use StringIO (or cStringIO).
Good luck!
-Martin
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path(sys.argv[1])
>y = map(str.lower, path.split())
Next question: What exactly are you trying to do with that third
line? It looks confused.
Good luck,
-Martin
[0] https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.path.html#os.path.abspath
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h
situ modification magic tricks, they (and you)
will have no guarantees about what data they will receive. That
will be left up to the operating system (i.e. kernel).
So, take control of the data back into your own hands by taking
adavantage of the beauty of the filesystem.
Filesystem at
xperienced Windows/POSIX user trying to understand
open() in Python if it were available in the standard documentation.
Thanks for mapping this to common operating systems. I had inferred
this already, but this is a great summary.
-Martin
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;s my answer:
from random import choice
def dish(options):
return choice(options)
Then, the function dish() will return exactly one element from the
options. Since each of soup, salads, main and beverage are lists
with string elements, the dish() function will return a string.
I would like to have some Onion soup, the Crab cake, Rum and a
Caesar, please.
Good luck,
-Martin
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ng all of that unprocessed data
in the variable 'data' in the dataRecv function.
Specifically, your problem is about breaking the data apart and
using it all. You might benefit from studying techniques for
breaking a text apart by paragraph. Think about how this applies to
your problem:
http://code.activestate.com/recipes/66063-read-a-text-file-by-paragraph/#c1
N.B. The code example may not be utterly perfect, but it is
precisely the same problem that you are having.
Good luck and enjoy,
-Martin
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77'],
'key4': ['value77', 'value1']}
What would you expect to be returned here:
keys_of_interest = get_all_keys_if_value(newdic, 'value77')
Well, they should be:
['key3', 'key2', 'key4'] # -- keys_of_intere
are different strategies depending on what you are doing with
the software and the environment in which you are working.
Good luck and have fun with Python in 2016, since you have arrived
there before the rest of us,
-Martin
P.S. Two questions: should I buy some some YHOO stock and should I
:
n = 94152743499601547 #untuk difaktorkan
faktor_1, faktor_2 = faktorisasi(n)
print faktor_1
print faktor_2
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, if all of your values (temperature) are within the
range you want to display, you don't need to mess with the axes.
See their tutorial:
http://matplotlib.org/users/pyplot_tutorial.html
Good luck and enjoy!
-Martin
[0] http://ipython.org/
[1] http://ipython.org/notebook.html
--
Mar
ttps://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/
https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/controlflow.html
If you have more specific details on what you are trying to
accomplish and/or learn, then send along those questions!
Good luck as you get started,
-Martin
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first position. A
minor improvement would be to only prepend the PYTHONPATH and
required colon if there's a value to PYTHONPATH already. So, this
little beautifully obnoxious bash parameter expansion gem will
accomplish that for you:
PYTHONPATH="${PYTH
quot;check.txt", "r+")
I would, therefore write your program like this:
input1 = raw_input("Input1:")
f = open("check.txt", "w")
f.write(input1 + "\n")
f.close()
f = open("check.txt",
l.
There is the benefit, then, of your code being agnostic (or
extensible) to the serialization tool.
By the way, did you know that pandas.to_csv() [0] also exists?
-Martin
[0]
http://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/generated/pandas.DataFrame.to_csv.html
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ta(open(sys.argv[1], 'rb'), 'i')
print(len(data))
P.S. You'll see that I didn't have a mess of unsigned integers
hanging around in a file, so you can see how I generated and
stored them in write_data and gen_data).
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_
rst exactly his task
to be accomplished. But my knowledge goes only
as far as "Python for Infomatics" (by MOOC/Coursera) and "Practical
Programming" . I know there are a myriad of other
modules and tools etc. and there I need the help of "Pythonistas".
To where should I
-statistics
Thggere are other, richer tools in third-party libraries if you are
looking for more advanced tools. But, perhaps you only need to
start with the above.
Good luck,
-Martin
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he] Python language.
You will always benefit from thinking deeply about what you hope to
accomplish before starting to code. (I have known quite a few
programmers with decades of experience who will not touch the
computer until they have written a description of the problem on
paper.)
Also: There is
players = list(string.ascii_uppercase)
random.shuffle(players)
# players = set('ABCDEFGHIJ')
pcount = 2 # players per game
gcount = 3 # games per match
rcount = 7
;ab'?
If I understand you correctly, something like this:
>>> counts = {'ab':0,'ac':0,'bc':0,'ad':0,'ae':0,'de':0}
>>> for combo in it.combinations(counts.keys(),3):
... for pair in combo:
...counts[pair] += 1
...
>>> counts
{'ac&
ous access, use HTTP.
If authenticated access, use ssh/scp/sftp.
Good luck,
-Martin
[0] http://www.networksorcery.com/enp/protocol/icmp/msg3.htm
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it's anonymous access, use HTTP.
If authenticated access, use ssh/scp/sftp.
Good luck,
-Martin
[0] http://www.networksorcery.com/enp/protocol/icmp/msg3.htm
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ted items from
the input list? The random module provides random.sample() to
select n items from a sequence.
If so, try this out at the intercative prompt. Perhaps this is what
you are looking for?
>>> import random
>>> import string
>>> l = list(string.l
maintained and designed outside of the Python program.
[3] https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/sqlalchemy
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x27;d recommend playing with the data in an interactive console
session. You will be able to figure out exactly which xpath gets
you the data you would like, and then you can drop it into your
script.
Good luck,
-Martin
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_
ook my little
anemic laptop about 12.8 seconds to count through the loop. So,
before accounting for any work that you plan to undertake inside the
loop, you have a runtime of ~115 seconds.
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fundamentally, he and I are
saying the same thing. Think about where you are initializing
your variables, and know that 'addresses = set()' in the middle
of the code is re-initializing the variable and throwing away
anything that was there before..
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s located at
http://tinyurl.com/odt9nhe
Also, I'm including your short data sample:
But soft what light through yonder window breaks
It is the east and Juliet is the sun
Arise fair sun and kill the envious moon
Who is already sick and pale with grief
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Hi there,
In [1]: help list
File "", line 1
help list
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax.'
Question: What is the correct help command?
Try:
help(list)
Snipped from my ipython session:
In [1]: help(list)
Good luck,
-Martin
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http
500 IPs).
May I wish you good luck resolving not just your addresses, but also
your problem!
-Martin
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use the above, if you like it.
I wish you exceptional luck,
-Martin
[0] https://docs.python.org/2/library/difflib.html
[1] https://docs.python.org/3/library/exceptions.html#Exception
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f the lines in the code under test which are
NOT yet tested; handy!
Good luck,
-Martin
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a lowering cow.
to lower (v.i.), to be or become dark, gloomy, and threatening
(which is cognate to the contemporary German word 'lauern')
And, I dairy not chase this pun any further....
-Martin
[0] http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/lower
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out
nuance, I would point out that this is no nuance but a significant
feature which can surprise you later if you do not understand what
is happening with the slicing notation.
Best of luck and enjoy a fried slice of Python!
-Martin
[0]
https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.h
slapdash
answers, that this one comes as a huge surprise.)
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the
DataFrame?
For understanding and using a DataFrame, you'd probably be better
off asking on the pandas mailing list.
... or maybe the Pandas mailing list:
https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/pydata
May the Python never release you from its grip!
-Martin
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Tree) mailing list ...
https://mailman-mail5.webfaction.com/listinfo/lxml
... or maybe the Pandas mailing list:
https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/pydata
Best of luck,
-Martin
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= os.path.getsize(file)
return filename, rootdir, lastmod, creation, filesize
if __name__ == '__main__':
import sys
validate_files(sys.argv[1:])
# -- end of file
[0] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_programming
[1] https://docs.python.org/2/library/tempfile.html#modul
l, as it is commonly understood (in the sysadmin world)
to mean things like 're-read your config file' or 'restart a certain
routine activity'. So, it may surprise some folk if a process died
after receiving a HUP. This may be desirable--it depends entirely
on what you
g/support.html
[1] https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/sqlalchemy
[2] 'The IRC channel is on the Freenode network as #sqlalchemy.'
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, because there is a module called array, and I may
#(one day) want to use it.
>>> arr
{'name': 'Joe', 'address': '111 Street'}
# -- OK, but I'm lazy, I don't want to have to type all of my
#JSON into strings. OK. So
this was fixed.
Apologies!
-Martin
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')]
Hey! We flipped the position of the number and the alphachar in the
tuple! That was fun.
Game #4: Drop a function into the output expression.
Not only can you perform simple sleight of hand like manipulating
tuples, but you can perform function calls. So multiply the second
e
semicolons and enjoy the benefits of a
trivially cleaner syntax.
Enjoy!
-Martin
P.S. Thanks for your clear question and letting us know your OS and
Python version, as well.
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then maybe that's a better
option for you.
If you can not do so, then take this older version of simplejson.
You are at that place of last resort to which the simplejson authors
allude.
How do you like it at that resort? Would I want to go on vacation
there?
-Martin
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tions/712791/what-are-the-differences-between-json-and-simplejson-python-modules
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vorpfeifen grasgarten.'
pattern = re.compile('ei', re.IGNORECASE)
matched = pattern.search(s,0)
while matched:
endpos = matched.end()
print(matched.group(0), matched.start(), matched.end())
bling blocks, so run 'python -V' to make
sure you are reading the correct documentation:
https://docs.python.org/2/ # -- Python-2.7.x
https://docs.python.org/3/ # -- Python-3.4.x
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ys.argv[1], sys.argv[2:])
I happen to be the sort of person who always wants to point out the
IP-related tools available in Python hence my reply to your post.
Happy trails and good luck,
-Martin
[0]
https://apps.db.ripe.net/search/query.html?searchtext=25.0.0.0/8&source=RIPE#resultsAncho
Greetings Alessandro,
: We are currently investigating different languages and technologies to
: develop an command line administration utility.
: Python is one of the options we are looking at for the job but currently we
: have no relevant skill set so I thought I'd post some question to ge
python.org/2/library/multiprocessing.html
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Work for them. Keep reading. Hire them.
Keep writing. Keep reading.
[3] Oops. I learned on BASIC. I hope I do not get banned from
the list.
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tandard library tools (urllib, and
urllib2) unless you need that finer control.
This has a nice abstraction and, from your description, I think this
would be a good fit:
http://docs.python-requests.org/en/latest/
-Martin
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z, oo, text_contens
Good luck tracking down your peformance issue!
-Martin
[0] https://docs.python.org/2/library/logging.html
https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html
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admittedly brain-dead function,
there's not a performance bottleneck. If you can find the parts of
your skymaps5.py code that are the bottleneck, then you could post
it here.
I hadn't thought of using interpolate, myself, as I didn't even know
it existed.
Thanks an
.scipy.org/
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at.S_IRWXU & os.stat('/usr/bin/python').st_mode
Better yet? Let os.access() [1] do the bitmath for you:
os.access('/usr/bin/python', os.X_OK)
Good luck,
-Martin
[0] http://docs.python.org/2/library/stat.html
[1] http://d
clear resemblance to R. I think numpy is one of the oldest
scientific computational libraries available for Python.
Good luck,
-Martin
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appens when you try these yourself:
>>> ham = list('spam')
>>> '-'.join(ham)
>>> ':'.join(ham)
>>> 'B'.join(ham)
>>> ''.join(ham)
Hopefully, you see that there's no magic here
ry/stdtypes.html#sequence-types-str-unicode-list-tuple-bytearray-buffer-xrange
#
print 'slice out from your original data: ', data[1::2]
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e above, but you can create it on the fly with a different
#value for the shift. You could also use a different alphabet.
#
def generate_caesar_cipher(alphabet,shift):
offset = shift - len(alphabet)
cipheralpha = ''.join((alphabet[offset:], alphabet[0:offset]))
return dict(zip(alphabet,cipheralpha))
caesar_shift = 3
values = dict()
values.update(generate_caesar_cipher(string.ascii_letters,caesar_shift))
One other thing to consider is that you can use the underutilized
function 'translate' from the string module. The 'maketrans'
function creates a translation table and the 'translate' function
applies that to input.
def alt_trans(plain_alpha,shift):
offset = shift - len(plain_alpha)
cipher_alpha = ''.join((plain_alpha[offset:], plain_alpha[0:offset]))
return string.maketrans(plain_alpha,cipher_alpha)
plaintext = 'Alea iacta est.'
shift_cipher = alt_trans(string.ascii_letters, caesar_shift)
ciphertext = string.translate(plaintext,shift_cipher)
Enjoy Python!
-Martin
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))
I would be quite surprised if there were not more efficient ways of
accomplishing this.
-Martin
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llections
summary = collections.defaultdict(int)
for line in lines:
words = line.strip().split()
for word in words:
summary[word] += 1
Lots of interesting features in the collections module...
-Martin
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s, -Selby
Try the two techniques here (and the one Joel just posted):
http://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/2012-June/090025.html
-Martin
(You asked your question much more clearly this time and with a code
sample--so, keep it up and enjoy the Python.)
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Marti
onaries, so you
might benefit from looking at the other sorts of things that you can
do with dictionaries.
Good luck,
-Martin
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though. I would agree, having a concrete task to approach is a good
way to learn.
Enjoy,
-Martin
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w.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/
Good luck and enjoy Python,
-Martin
[0] http://shop.oreilly.com/product/9780596007973.do
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d (well, anyway, not comma-separated). The
csv and pandas libraries allow for delimiter='\t' options to
most object constructor calls. So, you could do:
csv.reader(f,delimiter='\t')
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e you are using Linux, you may find strace useful
to see what Python is passing to your system for execution:
strace -e process python /path/to/your/python/script.py
Enjoy,
-Martin
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ed to in perl.
>>> import collections
>>> d = collections.defaultdict(collections.defaultdict)
>>> a,b,c = range(3)
>>> d[a][b] = c
>>> d
defaultdict(, {0: defaultdict(None, {1: 2})})
Have a look at the collections module. Se
gt;> now
datetime.datetime(2012, 2, 16, 17, 15, 46, 655472)
>>> now + twohrsago
datetime.datetime(2012, 2, 16, 19, 15, 46, 655472)
>>> then = now + twohrsago
>>> then.strftime('%F-%T')
'2012-02-16-19:15:46'
I would add my voice to Ramit Prasad
Greetings Elaina,
I will echo Alan's remarks--it sounds like you are using a quite
specialized (specialised?) module. It is certainly not a module
with which I am familiar, not in the standard library, and not a
commonly encountered problem. I would classify this module as
domain-specific.
are a number of libraries that can help with
the mathematical operations and you will probably get many good
suggestions.
Welcome to the list,
-Martin
[0] http://wiki.python.org/moin/Python2orPython3
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')
for row in reader:
print 'The capital of %s is %s' % (row[0], row[1],)
The above is trivial, but if you would like some more substantive
assistance, you should describe your problem in a bit more detail.
-Martin
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upport for
homework, but, as tutors, we are very happy to help you understand
Python and how to make it do what you want.
-Martin
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