On Wednesday 17 February 2016 19:51, Rustom Mody wrote:
> I hope someone can help me find this link: There is some record that Guido
> has said that python3 is probably a bit harder on noobs than python2.
>
> Does anyone know/have that link?
I can't say that I've seen it. I know that Raymond He
On Thu, 18 Feb 2016 06:55 pm, Mark Lawrence wrote:
> On 18/02/2016 05:42, Steven D'Aprano wrote:
>> Today I learned that **kwargs style keyword arguments can be any string:
>>
>> py> def test(**kw):
>> ... print(kw)
>> ...
>> py> kwargs = {&
code through a system that strips out
leading whitespace?"
"Then don't do that. What if you pass the source code through a system that
strips out braces?"
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print("Read %s from the file." % value)
data.append(int(value))
# Confirm the numbers read in are the same as those written out.
if data != numbers:
print("mismatch in values")
# Print the sorted values.
print(sorted(data))
# = cut =
Does this help?
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less, for the first 10 or 15 years, Apple used a mix
of Pascal and assembly to write not just the operating system but a whole
lot of applications for the Macintosh. Anyone who says that Pascal is a toy
language is just ignorant.
[1] Except in the trivial sense that the more you have to learn, the longer
it will take.
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On Fri, 19 Feb 2016 01:14 pm, BartC wrote:
> On 19/02/2016 00:30, Steven D'Aprano wrote:
[...]
>> "Then don't do that. What if you pass the source code through a system
>> that strips out braces?"
>
> Python doesn't use braces, so that'
orial, not the reference manual.
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efore :-(
Can somebody explain Brett's explanation?
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complete so it can do anything Python or C can do:
(=<`#9]~6ZY32Vx/4Rs+0No-&Jk)"Fh}|Bcy?`=*z]Kw%oG4UUS0/@-ejc(:'8dc
but the learning curve is steep enough that it will be frustrating rather
than interesting.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malbolge
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them for later use, or process them
as you go. If they're floating point numbers, change the call to int() to a
call to float().
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e the same opjects. I believe there are other 3.x backports
> like this.
There's also codecs.open().
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u are out of disk space. You need to delete some files,
or put in a bigger hard drive.
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g in this thread makes me sad for *literally
every programming language in existence except for Erlang and maybe one or
two others*, which altogether about six people use in total..."
:-)
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"
"""
logging.info("Dataset create.Started !!!")
try:
touch_file("/nfs_mount", "inode_fixcrc.txt")
except (IOError, OSError) as e:
logging.error(e)
sys.stderr.write("Dataset create failed...Exiting !!!")
sys.exit(EXIT_STATUS_ERROR)
logging.info("Dataset create.Done !!!")
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ine? What's that? Programs ran in batch mode,
and 'interactive' meant that you could easily slip out one punched card,
replace it with a different one, and run the program again.
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r should be able to read a bunch of ints or
floats from a text file without working up a sweat, but beginners may find
this tricky.
So I think you are right: there is a narrow, but useful, niche of
semi-structured textual data that BASIC and VB support that Python doesn't
support out of the box.
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gt; Cloning will be a practical issue when you clone virtual machines, for
> example.
This is certainly a practical issue that people have to be aware of.
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t would
be difficult. Here's one I just made now:
{00010203-0405-0607-0809-0a0b0c0d0e0f}
And another:
{836313e2-3b8a-53f2-9b90-0c9ade199e5d}
They weren't hard to spoof :-)
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will have (once Guido formally approves it) a new
module, "secrets", for securely generating (pseudo)random tokens like this:
import secrets
filename = secrets.token_hex(16)
https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0506/
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rdened against attack. Even uuid4 may not be suitable for
security, since it may use a cryptographically weak PRNG such as Mersenne
Twister.
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e also:
http://www.2uo.de/myths-about-urandom/
for a good explanation of how random and urandom actually work on Linux.
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On Tue, 23 Feb 2016 05:54 pm, Marko Rauhamaa wrote:
> Steven D'Aprano :
>
>> On Tue, 23 Feb 2016 06:32 am, Marko Rauhamaa wrote:
>>> Under Linux, /dev/random is the way to go when strong security is
>>> needed. Note that /dev/random is a scarce resource on
If you're going to do so, please do so in the next few days (or write to me
off list to ask for an extension) because I intend to ask Guido for a
ruling early next week.
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o the question "Add icons?"
There were no other messages, so I thought it was installed successfully.
When I double-click the Python icon, I get a Yellow Screen Of Death. I
expected the interpreter to run.
In case it helps, I took a picture of the YSOD and posted it on imgur here:
http:// ...
Thanks in advance."
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On Thursday 25 February 2016 12:07, Dan Stromberg wrote:
> Could people please compare and contrast the two ways of doing imports
> in the Subject line?
from module import data; print(data)
import module; print(module.data)
> I've long favored the latter, but I'm working in a code base that
>
On Wednesday 24 February 2016 18:20, Marko Rauhamaa wrote:
> Steven D'Aprano :
>
>> On Tue, 23 Feb 2016 05:54 pm, Marko Rauhamaa wrote:
>>> However, when you are generating signing or encryption keys, you
>>> should use /dev/random.
>>
>> And t
I have a need to read to an arbitrary delimiter, which might be any of a
(small) set of characters. For the sake of the exercise, lets say it is
either ! or ? (for example).
I want to read from files reasonably efficiently. I don't mind if there is a
little overhead, but my first attempt is 100
On Thursday 25 February 2016 17:54, Marko Rauhamaa wrote:
> Steven D'Aprano :
>
>> On Wednesday 24 February 2016 18:20, Marko Rauhamaa wrote:
>>> Steven D'Aprano :
>>>> And that is where you repeat something which is rank superstition.
>>>
&g
at the bash prompt?
python -c "import sys; print(sys.path)"
Do you see the path to pyraf in Python's path? (Python does not use the same
path as bash.)
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y on that special
> behaviour of ‘os’. If I need ‘os.path’, I import it explicitly so no
> reader needs to guess::
>
> import os
> import os.path
As I have shown above, the fact that os.path is importable at all is the
special case.
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tising, it falls just slightly on
the "acceptable" side of the line. But I wouldn't be surprised if some
people disagree. I think it would be more acceptable to me if the sender
labelled the subject line as "Advertising".
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The author of Requests, Kenneth Reitz, discusses his recent recovery from a
MentalHealthError exception.
http://www.kennethreitz.org/essays/mentalhealtherror-an-exception-occurred
Although the connection to Python is only quite slim, I found it fascinating
to read.
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to handle duck-typed
lists too, anything with a list-like interface. It is okay if the optimized
C version only works with actual lists, and falls back to a slower Python
version for anything else.
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On Thu, 25 Feb 2016 06:30 pm, Chris Angelico wrote:
> On Thu, Feb 25, 2016 at 5:50 PM, Steven D'Aprano
> wrote:
>>
>> # Read a chunk of bytes/characters from an open file.
>> def chunkiter(f, delim):
>> buffer = []
>> b = f.read(1)
&
On Thu, 25 Feb 2016 06:37 pm, Wolfgang Maier wrote:
> On 25.02.2016 07:50, Steven D'Aprano wrote:
>> I have a need to read to an arbitrary delimiter, which might be any of a
>> (small) set of characters. For the sake of the exercise, lets say it is
>> either ! or ? (for
#x27;),
(u'on', 'IN'),
Tree(
'DATE', [
(u'Saturday', 'NNP')
]
),
(u'protested', 'VBD'),
(u'tax', 'NN'),
(u'hikes', 'NNS'),
(u'imposed', 'VBN'),
(u'by', 'IN'),
(u'their', 'PRP$'),
(u'cash-strapped', 'JJ'),
(u'government,', 'NN'),
(u'which', 'WDT'),
(u'they', 'PRP'),
(u'accused', 'VBD'),
(u'of', 'IN'),
(u'failing', 'VBG'),
(u'to', 'TO'),
(u'provide', 'VB'),
(u'basic', 'JJ'),
(u'services.', 'NN'),
(u'(cm-kjd)', 'NN')
]
)
]
If you format your giant list so you can see the structure, then you will
likely find where there is a problem. Perhaps you have:
- missing or too many [ ( ) or ]
- a missing or extra comma
- a missing or extra quotation marks
- unexpected symbols like inside the list
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On Sat, 27 Feb 2016 10:18 pm, [email protected] wrote:
> I have some VB forms with more than a hundred objects.
https://www.appnovation.com/sites/default/files/attachments/yourproduct.jpg
Your users probably hate you...
*wink*
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http://livecode.com/
If only I could get the Linux installer to actually, you know, *work*.
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On Sun, 28 Feb 2016 07:44 pm, Chris Angelico wrote:
> On Sun, Feb 28, 2016 at 5:34 PM, Steven D'Aprano
> wrote:
[...]
>> Drag-and-drop GUI builders have the same advantages over code as Python
>> has over languages with distinct compile/execute steps: rapid
>
m) and leave your machine
unusable.
You should create a user with the minimum privileges needed to get the work
done. At the very least, you should TEST your code while running as an
unprivileged user. It is very dangerous to run buggy code as root. Who
knows what it will do?
> 2. But if the
has complained about the
> lack of imagery or funny animation.
You don't know if they haven't complained because they don't miss them, or
haven't complained because they fell asleep and are too embarrassed to
complain "your presentation put me to sleep due to the lack of dancing
cows".
:-)
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; to find out which idiot changed the line ending of my file
to \r. But that should be treated as a metadata change, not a change to the
content. I know it isn't "really" metadata, it's "actually" content, but
regardless, it should be *treated* as metadata.
Who is the boss here? The user of the tool, or the tool?
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entire document. Text
styles are toggled: just hit Ctrl-I (or is it Ctrl-Shift-I, it's been a
while since I've used Word) to toggle italic on and off. Even if the
current paragraph defaults to italic, you can still toggle it off that way.
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om games".
> Imagine if the Python bug tracker required you to send, not a
> patch file, but the entire source file that has the edit you want. How
> would you manage those sorts of edits?
Patch files are for the convenience of the code reviewer, not the person
making the change. It's *less* work for me to email or upload the
entire .py file than to create a patch and email that, but it's harder for
the guy who wants to see what changes I've made before applying them.
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ld imply that your production code is modifying already-imported
modules, then wanting to import them again. Why would anyone in their right
mind do that? Possibly because they lost a bet?
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can also test for empty lists just as easily:
py> if alist:
... print("not empty")
... else:
... print("empty")
...
not empty
py> blist = []
py> if blist:
... print("not empty")
... else:
... print("empty")
...
empty
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versions. Unless you have an extremely strong reason for
> wanting to stay to Python 2.6, you should update your Python version.
Python 2.6 is still fully supported by Red Hat.
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tially be replaced with "pass" and your program will continue to
> work.
http://import-that.dreamwidth.org/676.html
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On Tue, 1 Mar 2016 09:38 am, Larry Martell wrote:
> But what is reality?
Reality is that which, when you stop believing in it, doesn't go away.
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On Sun, 28 Feb 2016 11:38 pm, BartC wrote:
> On 28/02/2016 06:34, Steven D'Aprano wrote:
>
>> GUI elements are by definition graphical in nature, and like other
>> graphical elements, manipulation by hand is superior to command-based
>> manipulation. Graphica
ask me
to add more cocaine.
People cannot get enough of Javascript, no matter what it does to the
security and stability of their browser, no matter how many pop-ups it
launches or how much spyware and malware it installs, or how many times it
kills their browser.
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s not needed it just gives an message I
> have still included for the sake of try block
If the except block is not needed, then you should not use try.
> 2. If a failure’s are encountered the error by assert condition the
> errors are now displayed on the screen , how do I redirect it to log
> file using logging error
Don't use assert like that.
> 3. my function def has 1000 but Iam using 3600 in the calling fnx etc
> , Time out value are overwritten ?
I don't understand the question.
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ymodule
There are better ways to manage your Python path than to manually insert
paths into sys.path like that. What version of Python are you using?
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lievable
reinterpretation that would change the facts as we know them. A thousand
years from now, the sun will still appear to be rising in the east.
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On Tue, 1 Mar 2016 10:39 pm, Chris Angelico wrote:
> On Tue, Mar 1, 2016 at 10:18 PM, Steven D'Aprano
> wrote:
>> I cannot imagine why you would want to reload() in production code. That
>> would imply that your production code is modifying already-imported
>> mo
I don't have to
open a dozen applications, wait for them to load, authenticate into half a
dozen different systems. They're already open.
About once a year, or every 18 months or so, I need to reboot to go into
Windows. If not for that, and the occasional kernel update, I'd probab
On Wed, 2 Mar 2016 05:06 am, Marko Rauhamaa wrote:
> Steven D'Aprano :
>
>> On Sun, 28 Feb 2016 11:38 pm, BartC wrote:
>>> It's the GUI users who are the Neanderthals, having to effectively
>>> point at things with sticks. Or have to physically move that r
On Wed, 2 Mar 2016 05:07 am, Chris Angelico wrote:
> On Wed, Mar 2, 2016 at 3:44 AM, Steven D'Aprano
> wrote:
>> A better analogy is:
>>
>> When I add cocaine to my stew, the result is a appallingly bad for those
>> who eat it. Do you have any idea how rough
Python 2.7, I think that the interpreter caches small ints from -1 to
255. But do not rely on this, because it is just an optimization and can
and will change from version to version.
You should never use `is` to test for equality. Use == to test for equality.
Use `is` *only* to test for object identity ("the same object").
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ct, but of returning an ID number. Let's look at IDs in IronPython:
>>> a, b, c = [], 1, "Hello world!"
>>> print id(a), id(b), id(c), id(None)
43 44 45 0
And in Jython:
>>> a, b, c = [], 1, "Hello world!"
>>> print id(a), id(b
: '__main__', '__metaclass__':
, '__new__': , '__init__': }
**Initialising Meta instance
Now let me create a new MyClass instance:
instance = MyClass()
which prints:
**Calling Meta instance
^^Creating new instance of
^^Initialising MyClass instance <__ma
Speaking of Javascript exploits:
http://thedailywtf.com/articles/bidding-on-security
This is a real exploit, and Ebay have refused to fix it. Yay them!
More here:
http://blog.checkpoint.com/2016/02/02/ebay-platform-exposed-to-severe-vulnerability/
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your point is broadly correct: you trust the language to do what it
promises, or you look for evidence that it doesn't and report a bug if you
find it.
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on.org/3/reference/expressions.html#is-not
In this case, "same object" carries the normal English meaning of "same" and
the normal computer science meaning of "object" in the sense of "Object
Oriented Programming". There's no mystery here, no circular definition.
On Thu, 3 Mar 2016 05:12 am, Marko Rauhamaa wrote:
> Steven D'Aprano :
>
>> In this case, "same object" carries the normal English meaning of
>> "same" and the normal computer science meaning of "object" in the
>> sense of "Objec
On Thu, 3 Mar 2016 08:49 am, Mark Lawrence wrote:
> On 02/03/2016 17:23, Steven D'Aprano wrote:
>> On Thu, 3 Mar 2016 01:11 am, Marko Rauhamaa wrote:
>>
>>> What is missing is the rules that are obeyed by the "is" operator.
>>
>> I think what i
ou write your code like this?
x = ++ ++ -- ++ -- --1
y = (2), 3
s = "Hello world!" . upper()
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ries of boolean-joined conditions and giving the
> combined condition a single name is often a major improvement in
> readability. Not primarily for code-layout reasons, but because it
> forces you to name the concept (e.g. "continue_playing" here.)
If you only use "continue_playing" in exactly one place, then it doesn't
deserve a name. You wouldn't write:
the_index = x + 1
value = sequence[the_index]
would you?
> Names are important!
Too important to waste on every single-use expression.
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"
We can be absolutely certain that Kenneth weighs less than the entire
universe. We don't even need a set of scales.
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is a problem with the module time.py.
It is much easier to debug problems when you can see the error messages!
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is to create a package, compress it into a zip file, and
run that zip file with the Python interpreter installed on your system.
Since it relies on there being an external Python interpreter, it's not
exactly stand-alone, but it may be close enough for what you're doing.
Python packages are dead-simple: create a directory called "foo", and put a
file inside it called "__init__.py". It can even be an empty file. That's a
package. Obviously there is more to it than that, but that's the basics.
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om.au/2006/02/william-blake-schizophrenic.html
http://www.litkicks.com/Blake/
I don't know if Kenneth is significantly like Blake in any way. Not all
mental illnesses are the same.
> Likewise...
>
> On Thursday, March 3, 2016 at 8:05:27 AM UTC+5:30, Chris Angelico wrote:
>> On Thu, Ma
n.
In any case, PEP 255 is obsolete: that is no longer a limitation of yield.
# Python 2.7
py> def gen():
... try:
... yield 1
... finally:
... yield 2
...
py> it = gen()
py> next(it)
1
py> next(it)
2
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ation by Einstein: E = m*c**2. Even tiny
amounts of energy (say, the light and heat released from a burning match)
involve a correspondingly tiny reduction in mass.
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On Fri, 4 Mar 2016 09:51 am, [email protected] wrote:
> i have list of strings "data" and i am trying to build reverse list data1
Use a slice with a negative step-size and defaults for the start and end
positions.
data1 = data[::-1]
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t is None
or self.some_condition()
or len(some_sequence) > 100
or some_other_condition
or page_count < 5
):
do_processing()
Looks fine to me.
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place to break around a binary operator is after the
> operator, not before it.
> http://pep8.org/#maximum-line-length
PEP 8 is wrong :-)
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quot;better", and performing UI testing to determine which style is better,
is a lot of hard work for marginal gain. It's much more fun to just flame
each other :-)
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raise ValueError("%s: unallowed cmd string" % st)
Obviously you don't write that out in full each time, you factor it into a
method or function.
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actice. But what it actually "means" in theory is anyone's
guess. And so, on the principle that an analogy that is utterly wrong in a
technical sense but understandable is better than a complicated and complex
explanation that is utterly incomprehensible, I'm going to stick to talking
about mass/energy conversions :-)
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I estimate that the latest 3.x version is probably
about 10% slower overall, although different benchmarks show different
speeds.
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On Sun, 6 Mar 2016 04:32 pm, 程仿 wrote:
> when I am installing Python 3.5.1 (32-bit)，some problems occurred.I hope
> you could offer me some help.This file may contain some information about
> the error.
What file?
Please COPY AND PASTE the text of the error message into your email.
-
(assuming it is not modified across two different invocation
> during the program execution).
>
> An argument here could be: to code module B in such a way that those
> initializations don't happen again, but just once - check before resetting
> etc. during the import.
How would you do that? How could a .py file know if it has already been
loaded?
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On Sun, 6 Mar 2016 05:35 pm, Roshan S Sontakke wrote:
> Gud afternoon sir my self Roshan sontakke I have down loaded a setup of
> python-3.5.1 but nt able to install it gives an error message
Shall we guess what the error message says, or would you like to tell us?
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On Monday 07 March 2016 14:27, Veek. M wrote:
> 1. What are the rules for using __del__ besides: 'don't use it'.
__del__ needs to be defined in a class to be called.
It will be called *at some point* when the instance is about to be garbage
collected. There is no guarantee when that will be: it
On Monday 07 March 2016 17:13, Veek. M wrote:
> import foo
> class Bar(object):
> def __del__(self, foo=foo):
> foo.bar()# Use something in module foo
>
> ### Why the foo=foo? import foo, would increment the ref-count for
> object 'foo'
Yes. And then at shutdown, the module globals
On Monday 07 March 2016 19:24, Faling Dutchman wrote:
> Hey folks,
>
> I am just starting off in python, but have good knowledge of both Java and
> C#. Now is the problem that I need to have multiple instances of one
> dictionary, that is not a problem if you know how many, but now, it is an
> un
27;'.join(blob))
If your software can decode that, it will be a miracle.
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t,
here you want to use it as an interface to this library and let the library
do the heavy lifting". That's what Python is designed for. But that's not
what Bart is saying.
I'm impressed that pure Python code running in CPython is even *usable* for
whatever sort of image p
;> translation of your C algorithm,
>
> I'm using it because this kind of file reading in Python is a mess. If I
> do a read, will I get a string, a byte sequence object, a byte-array, or
> array-array, or what?
Calling it "a mess" is an exaggeration. There is a change between Python 2
and 3:
- in Python 2, reading from a file gives you bytes, that is, the
so-called "str" type, not unicode;
- in Python 3, reading from a file in binary mode gives you bytes, that is,
the "bytes" type; reading in text mode gives you a string, the "str" type.
How is this a mess?
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Steven
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ps://pymotw.com/2/glob/
https://pymotw.com/2/fnmatch/
But I shall give you a hint: the glob module imports the fnmatch module, and
uses it to perform the matching.
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Steven
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On Tuesday 08 March 2016 12:41, BartC wrote:
> On 08/03/2016 01:19, Steven D'Aprano wrote:
>> On Tue, 8 Mar 2016 07:19 am, BartC wrote:
>>
>>> I don't have to hand a jpeg file that it can't
>>> decode.
>>
>> Run this under Python 2:
>
On Tue, 8 Mar 2016 10:53 pm, BartC wrote:
> On 08/03/2016 02:12, Steven D'Aprano wrote:
>> On Tue, 8 Mar 2016 09:39 am, BartC wrote:
>
>>> I'm using it because this kind of file reading in Python is a mess. If I
>>> do a read, will I get a string,
ble
>> "D:\Users\Jon Ribbens\Documents\Python\test\Scripts\python.exe" could not
>> be run: [WinError 5] Access is denied
>
> Ah, I probably never tried using it inside a user dir. On Windows I
> typically do development in a path close to the drive root, e.g.
> C:\dev.
Am I missing something? It looks to me like a straight forward permissions
error? I don't know how difficult that is to solve on Windows, but I don't
think it has anything to do with the path itself, only the permissions of
the path.
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t it's worth, the core developers are aware that CPython's startup
time has been increasing, and that it is large enough to impact the feeling
of snappiness and responsiveness for command line tools. They are actively
working on this to keep it as low as possible.
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possible for
the user to diagnose the problem. You even exit with an exit code of 0
("success") in order to confuse any scripts they use. Brilliant! I love
helpful tools like that!
How many years did you say you have been programming?
--
Steven
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t difficult to make
> the code easily work between Python 2 and 3 and handle bytes. Any ideas
> there?
Use a single byte slice:
the_bytes[i:i+1]
which works identically in Python 2 and 3.
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Steven
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endings.
In text mode, on Windows, Python *may* stop reading at a Ctrl-Z character
and treat it as End Of File. I think. I can across this once, many years
ago, but I no longer have access to Python on Windows to verify if that is
still the case.
There's more, but that's the basics to g
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