on 10),
> or (if that's not possible) "md5".
Actually, for local connections I prefer "peer". I'm already
authenticated by the OS, no need for a (second) password.
I should add that you shouldn't use "trust" unless
* no connection from other hosts is allowed
e and recompiling, of course - but
why would you want to?). The value 100 can be controlled either by
changing default_statistics_target or by changing the statistics target
of a specific column of a specific table (alter table ... alter column
... set statistics ...)
hp
--
_ | Peter J.
ly two possibilities and
that's easy to check.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://www.hjp.at/ | challenge!"
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something in the application). Does that sound plausible or should I
look somewhere else? A web search returned nothing relevant.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Str
On 2020-04-15 12:01:46 +0200, Peter J. Holzer wrote:
> I'm trying to restore a backup on a different machine and it terminates
> with the not really helpful messages:
>
> pg_restore: [directory archiver] could not close data file: Success
> pg_restore: [parallel archiver] a
ve, it needs to run on
a router as close to the bottleneck as possible - typically that means
either the border router or the firewall. So it is something the
customer's network guy should set up.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) |
9.667 and 29*(2/3) = 19.333.
These are obviously 10.667 and 20.333 respectively.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://www
want to preserve that a simple initdb
doesn't recreate? Configuration? Users and passwords? Other stuff?
If you can answer this question, the solution will probably be
simple.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) |
the tables shouldn't bloat much.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://www.hjp.at/ | challenge!"
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words actually used.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://www.hjp.at/ | challenge!"
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dentifier_general, street and postcode, but different
descriptions? What does that mean? To different properties which happen
to be at the same place or two descriptions for the same property?
(What is an address_identifier_general, btw?)
I agree with the rest of posting.
hp
--
to drop the index before doing this. You obviously won't
need the index afterwards and the database may be able to use HOT
updates if there is no index on the column (but that depends on the
amount of unused space in each block).
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Stor
ghe address_identifier_general is unknown. Some
bike shed on main street, There might be more than one, so PostgreSQL is
correct not to enforce the unique constraint.
In the last one there is no street name - it's not unknown, we know that
there is none because this is a small village which doesn&#x
skip the table
entirely. You can do that with a partial index (WHERE col IS NOT NULL)
or maybe even a constraint.
So I would drop the full index, update the table and then create a
partial index.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense tha
ks
because you are still evaluating the fancier alternatives.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://www.hjp.at/ | challenge!"
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or your database ...).
On Linux systems PostgreSQL is usually set up so that the user
"postgres" can locally connect without a password. So you would ssh into
the server as postgres and then invoke psql and change any passwords.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must ma
rently happened here), so being on relevant
announce-lists of having the URL of the repo website handy helps.
Sometimes you can force installation (althought that will often cause
problems later). In some cases I built my own packages.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must mak
CEST [13918]: [11-1] user=m***,db=wds,pid=13918 LOG:
disconnection: session time: 0:00:00.117 user=m*** database=wds
host=143.130.**.** port=54037
(user names and IP addresses censored for privacy reasons)
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must m
ure that I'm missing in PostgreSQL. OTOH, every time I have to deal
with one of our legacy Oracle databases I notice quite a few things that
PostgreSQL has and Oracle doesn't. But of course that's also not fair.
Over the last 6 years I've become quite familiar with PostgreSQL and
7;s not a general problem - did you get any error messages or
warnings during the upgrade?
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/
s or a
different epoch). That also doesn't include a timezone, so conversion
should be straightforward and not require any timezone to be involved.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charl
; this problem.
>
> Should have added to previous post:
>
> Are you sure that you are using the correct password or that the 'postgres'
> user has a password?
And that the OP is indeed using the 'postgres' user and not the ' postgres'
user (as she wr
p with different ones (it seems to me that
G2-item is much stronger that warranted by the wording in the standard)?
hp
[1] http://pmg.csail.mit.edu/papers/icde00.pdf
[2]
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/2016/
chived WALs
are accessible and start the database
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://www.hjp.at/ | challenge!"
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On 2020-06-21 10:32:16 -0500, Ron wrote:
> On 6/21/20 8:28 AM, Peter J. Holzer wrote:
> > To make a full backup with the "new" (non-exclusive) API, a software
> > must do the following
> >
> > 1. open a connection to the database
> >
> > 2. inv
from there (that assumes of
course that you are archiving WALs continuously, but if you don't, you
can't do PITR in general, so if you have that requirement you are doing
it).
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) |
On 2020-06-21 17:35:41 -0500, Ron wrote:
> On 6/21/20 10:45 AM, Peter J. Holzer wrote:
> > On 2020-06-21 10:32:16 -0500, Ron wrote:
> > > On 6/21/20 8:28 AM, Peter J. Holzer wrote:
> > > > To make a full backup with the "new" (non-exclusive) API,
[16987]: [2-1] db=bxs,user=postgres COMANDO: COPY
> public.cham_chamada
Does this always happen in conjunction with a COPY command or sometimes
with other commands, too? If the former, are you copying into the
database or out of it?
hp
--
_ | Peter
an have encountered at most that many
different values, which means that it must have encountered each value
about 12 or 13 times on average.
My guess is that there are relatively few (less than 12) distinct
values which make up the bulk (over 90 %) of these tables and a lot (33
million)
d queries through SSH on the LAN.
And maybe some more connections.
I can see that this could easily reach 12 connections.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross
ons to the default and not caring about a
few idle connections.
What you shouldn't learn from this is that a pooler will make your
problems magically go away. Because it won't.
jp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://www.hjp.at/ | challenge!"
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On 2020-06-24 13:55:00 -0400, Bee.Lists wrote:
> On Jun 24, 2020, at 6:47 AM, Peter J. Holzer wrote:
> > The default is 100. What was your reason for reducing it to such a low
> > value?
>
> “PostgreSQL 9 High Availability” recommended core count * 3.
I suspected somethin
calculate. So one would probably have to resort to monte
carlo simulation or soemthing like that.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://www.hjp.at/ | challenge!"
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On 2020-06-24 16:27:35 -0600, Michael Lewis wrote:
> On Wed, Jun 24, 2020, 2:35 PM Peter J. Holzer wrote:
>
> Yes, estimating the number of distinct values from a relatively small
> sample is hard when you don't know the underlying distribution. It might
> be pos
9
seconds. I think that as far as index locality is concerned, this is
essentially random for most applications.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Cr
inated by your largest table (or I/O bandwidth).
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
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e character encoding and therefore the set of characters you can use.
Always use PostgreSQL Unicode, unless you have (very old and arguably
broken) software which can't handle it.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) |
size of all postgres
processes. Send an alert if one of them is "too large".
This should give you a good idea what the processes were doing at the
time they allocated that memory, so that you can reproduce the problem.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more
erve the application for some time (weeks, probably)
and adjust parameters (this is something a tool could do, and maybe
better than a human, but this is getting into AI territory).
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
ng (like 10 years) maintenance periods. So in practical
terms, Python 2 isn't dead, it just smells funny.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://www.hjp.at/ | challenge!"
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irst and a database guy second.
hp
[1] Yes, I know that this doesn't affect connections through Unix
sockets.
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://www.hjp.at/ | challenge!"
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e advantage of
providing an end to end check (do I really get the correct value?), not
the database's idea of whether replication is working.
(The check is written in Go and buried in a svn repo at work, but I
could publish it if there is interest)
hp
--
ind seems overkill. I'd simply write
them to files.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://www.hjp.at/ | challenge!"
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because 16 * 16 = 256). They
could also have used 3 decimal digits (000 - 255) for each byte, but
that would have wasted even more space, or they could have used base 32
or 64 for the whole number, but that would make conversion harder.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make mo
On 2020-10-10 11:22:42 +0200, Thorsten Schöning wrote:
> Guten Tag Peter J. Holzer,
> am Samstag, 10. Oktober 2020 um 10:56 schrieben Sie:
>
> > Do you plan to move some of that reporting to the IoT devices? (Maybe
> > equip them with a display with a dashboard, or somethin
On 2020-10-10 11:31:23 +0200, Peter J. Holzer wrote:
> On 2020-10-07 20:10:34 +0530, Hemil Ruparel wrote:
> > Sorry if this is silly but if it is a 128 bit number, why do we need 32
> > characters to represent it? Isn't 8 bits one byte?
>
> Yes, 8 bits are 1 byte. But t
scussions about the appropriateness of using an SSN as
an id. This is a completely made-up example.
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://www.hjp.at/ | challenge!"
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On 2020-10-12 10:40:03 -0400, Tom Lane wrote:
> "Peter J. Holzer" writes:
> > In the GROUP BY clause I can use the alias year which was defined
> > earlier in SELECT.
>
> This is a pretty unfortunate legacy thing that we support because
> backwards compatibili
ng term storage also means backup and recovery and I don't think you
> have that planned for your IOT.
That depends on how valuable those data are.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at
F-8 sequence occupies on screen is
surprisingly hard. I'm not sure what the C standard says about that. But
these days I would expect any programming language to get it right at
least for the simple cases.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://www.hjp.at/ | challenge!"
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ifically, the foreign data wrapper) which
opens that connection. To the client it looks like it's just accessing a
normal table within the same database.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at
m, not the production system as the manual states that
auto_explain.log_analyze "can have an extremely negative impact on
performance".
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charl
(or copy/paste) it:
select replace('a … string …', '…', '...');
or use the chr() function:
select replace('a … string …', chr(8230), '...');
I would prefer the former as it is easier to read (as long as the
characters are printable), but the
't try to find all errors. If it finds
an error, it reports it and aborts the query. So if your statement
contains more than one error (which is quite likely in a statement over
2000 lines long), fixing one error will just show the next.
hp
--
_ | Peter J.
le tool called vip-manager.
Compared to DNS this has the advantage that latency is usually shorter.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://www.hjp.at/ | challenge!"
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ess=5 -v -Fd -f "$name.$$" $db 2>&1 | ts >
log/"$name".$(isodate).log
ts is available here: https://github.com/hjp/simple/tree/master/ts
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h..
ion
parameter. It is language-specific and therefore user-specific if you
have international users. (I acknowledge the potential performance
problems, but they are the same with an explicit collation clause).
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://www.hjp.at/ | challenge!"
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ge contains a script pg_upgradecluster which
knows about the distribution-specific directory layout. You would
normally use that script instead pg_upgrade directly.
Maybe the Fedora package has something similar?
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense th
obably because most MUAs displayed only one
message at a time. The first MUA I've seen that displayed an entire
thread at once was Gmail.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Char
re is. My rule od thumb is that it should be short
enough to read as part of the message. Of course this is very subjective
and may even depend on my mood (Sometimes I find a 20 line SQL query too
long, sometimes I'm happy to dig through 200 lines of Perl code ...). It
also depends very much on
d prefer to not get an extra copy directly. (but I can live with
that).
Of course the mailing list server can't filter mails it never sees.
Mutt adds a header to indicate the preferences of the sender, but I
think that is only recognized by mutt, so it's not a general solution.
really an image to show a problem, it can be put on
> some server and the link could be posted, like this one showing a PANIC
> of a system http://www.unixarea.de/fbsd-panic-20210110.jpg
That has the disadvantage of not being archived.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must
appen pretty quickly on a busy
database. The question is: Does that help you? At that point the data is
already gone (at least partially), and you can only restore it from
backup.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) |
s finished. FInally among those where the performance
was acceptable choose the value which was fastest.
(Note: If you do this on the same database, subsequent runs will benefit
from work already done, so the take the results with a grain of salt).
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer
investigate what went wrong than to
blindly make some changes to the code.
As a first measure I would at least turn on statement logging and/or
pg_stat_statements to see which statements are slow, and then
investigate the slow statements further. auto_explain might also be
useful
andom sample (if
devices report at random times) or empty (if they all report at midnight
and it isn't just after midnight).
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles
that you can probably afford a few messages, even if each
function invocation only takes a few milliseconds. So definitely try
that if you need to know where your functions spend their time.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://www.hjp.at/ | challenge!"
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take this much
> time.
How much time is "this much time"? Are we talking a few milliseconds
here? Less? More? Much more?
It's hard to give advice if you don't tell us more than "slower than SQL
server". Please be specific. Use actual numbers.
hp
--
t did not exist before.
Or just more of them. I could imagine that switching from
Python/Gunicorn to Go increased the number of queries that could be
in-flight at the same time.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| |
API pretty much guarantuees the existence of a connection
pool).
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://www.hjp.at/ | challen
that's
a function of load in general, not the number of applications.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://www.hjp.at/ | c
ill be able to use it. In reality that doesn't help
non-programmers much (it's still a formal language with precise
semantics and the computer will do what you say, not what you mean), but
makes it harder for programmers.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer
quite small by default so you
might want to increase it. The usual recommendation is to start with 25%
of the memory (that would be 16 GB in your case) and then see if it gets
better if decrease or increase it.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than rea
photo, ...) try to cache that in the application. That
probably doesn't change very often and doesn't have to be retrieved
from the database every time.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.a
ave experience with trying this in a real-world workload? (I
was never brave enough)
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http:
On 2021-02-21 10:14:04 -0700, Michael Lewis wrote:
> No issues for us. We have used a low sample rate of 1% or so and gotten some
> very useful data.
Oh, somehow I never noticed the auto_explain.sample_rate parameter in
the docs. Good to know.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer|
trings, though, Especially if they
are known to cause trouble.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://www.hjp.at/ | challenge!"
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poken in Germany ("DE").
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://www.hjp.at/ | challenge!"
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foo('x*');
╔═╗
║ foo ║
╟─╢
║ x* ║
╚═╝
(1 row)
Time: 1.296 ms
hjp=> \q
So like others I suspect that SQLAlchemy is doing something weird here.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://www.hjp.at/ | challenge!"
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might have additional reasons not to be in compliance. I don't
> read German unfortunately.
It defines minimal character set that IT systems which process personal
and company names in the EU must accept. Basically Latin, Greek and
Cyrillic letters, digits and some symbols and interpunc
(echo 'select * from pg_class;') < /dev/null
psql -f <(echo 'select * from pg_class;') > /dev/null
But
psql -f <(echo 'select * from pg_class;')
does, since both stdin and stdout are a terminal.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer|
dexes in Oracle don't store NULL values (bitmap indexes do store
NULL values, though - are they still an enterprise feature?).
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stros
und that by using float8 or even numeric instead
of int. Chances are that there is a free number between you numbers.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "C
is the execution plan?
* How long does it take?
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://www.hjp.at/ | challenge!"
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nformation, so I could
be wrong) that you haven't configured a replication slot and you haven't
enough WAL segments to last through the downtime naturally.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
|
93 EDT [14755] STATEMENT: START_REPLICATION SLOT
> "xyzd3riardb05" 0/700 TIMELINE 18
...
> and after some time such errors stop to appear.
So the replication slot is probably created after some time and then
replication starts to work.
I think that replication slot is managed
ties by
> installing rlwrap and performing the following command:
While rlwrap is useful sometimes, I suggest reading the manual for
libedit might be a better option.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) |
On 2022-05-04 10:21:56 +0200, Zb B wrote:
> Apparently there is something wrong with my cluster. How to debug i?.
> Do I need to configure anything so the replication is synchronous?
Does https://patroni.readthedocs.io/en/latest/replication_modes.html
help?
hp
--
_ | P
;t you update both at the same time?
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://www.hjp.at/ | challenge!"
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simpler:
create table products (
product_id serial primary key,
description text,
supplier_id integer references supplier
);
(You need to create supplier before doing that, of course.)
hp
PS: I noticed that "products" is plural and "s
book. For example, "Mastering PostgreSQL 9.6" has the ISBN
978-1-78355-535-2.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://ww
│ (∅) ║
╚═╧══╝
(4 rows)
Now, if title actually had a type which didn't include a null value,
this wouldn't be possible. Either the database would have to lie
(declare the column with a type but store a value which is impossible in
s itself.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, "Creative writing
__/ | http://www.hjp.at/ | challenge!"
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the
table. That should be faster since the index contains only 4 of 28 (if I
counted correctly) columns and should be quite a bit smaller. It's
possible that Oracle does this. But I'm not sure whether you could tell
that from the execution plan.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer|
compared to single values. So the you can
just jump to the first matching index and then get the next 50 entries.
> Is Postgres unable to optimize the query similar to Oracle? Is it possible
> this is possible but we are running on too old of a version?
PostgreSQL 10 is quite old, so t
On 2022-06-22 23:48:37 +0200, Peter J. Holzer wrote:
> On 2022-06-22 19:39:33 +, Dirschel, Steve wrote:
> > Posrgres version 10.11
> >
> > Here is the DDL for the index the query is using:
> >
> > create index workflow_execution_initial_ui_tabs
> >
On 2022-06-23 00:19:19 +0200, Peter J. Holzer wrote:
> On 2022-06-22 23:48:37 +0200, Peter J. Holzer wrote:
> > The index cannot be used for sorting, since the column used for sorting
> > isn't in the first position in the index.
>
> compared to a single value
^
On 2022-06-22 23:10:25 -0400, Jeff Janes wrote:
> On Wed, Jun 22, 2022 at 6:19 PM Peter J. Holzer wrote:
> >That's just how btree indexes work and Oracle will have the same
> >limitation. What would be possible is to use an index only scan
> >(returning
t isn't unique it is *not* a key. If your tables don't have a
primary key you should seriously rethink the data model.
hp
--
_ | Peter J. Holzer| Story must make more sense than reality.
|_|_) ||
| | | h...@hjp.at |-- Charles Stross, &qu
is wrong you would have to point at something
within the PostgreSQL documentation (ideally an entry in the glossary)
or some really wide-spread convention and the absence of a local
definition.
> Questions show many programmers are confused about the difference.
Which might be a hint that no wid
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