[Tutor] S.find()

[Corey Richardson]

Hello Tutors!
   I'm having a problem with the find() method of string objects. I'm 
currently making a hangman game, and I'm making the part that finds
if there are multiple copies of the guessed letter in the word, and then 
if there are, finds them all. I can't for the life of me figure out the

syntax of the find() method. gameWord = "python", btw.

   The module documentation lists it as this: "S.find(sub[, start[, 
end]]) -> int".
   I'm assuming sub is the string you want to find, and that is how it 
has worked out for me. (Bonus Points: What does sub mean? I'm guessing 
subscriptable, as one of my errors says, but I'll get to that...)
  When I try gameWord.find('p'[,1[,3]]), as the little help box 
suggests, I get this:


SyntaxError: invalid syntax

Ok then, that is the exact syntax I was given. My next try is, and 
gives, this:


>>> gameWord.find('p', [1,[3]])

Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "", line 1, in 
   gameWord.find('p', [1,[3]])
TypeError: slice indices must be integers or None or have an __index__ 
method



I assumed the comma after the 1 was messing it up, so I put this:

>>> gameWord.find("p", [1[3]])
Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "", line 1, in 
   gameWord.find("p", [1[3]])
TypeError: 'int' object is not subscriptable

Is subscriptable what sup stands for in find()? What does mean? (5 Bonus 
Points for answering that).


I also tried passing a slice index right into it like gameWord.find('p', 
[1:4]), but that returned a SyntaxError as well.


   I have the entirety of my code posted up at 
http://pastebin.com/k9nMZNMy, I won't edit the code until I get this 
worked out, except maybe a few housekeeping things, documentation, etc.*


*I've tried everything I can, and I appreciate your time and help!

~Corey Richardson

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Re: [Tutor] S.find()

[Corey Richardson]

Thanks everyone! I got it all working now, and I finished up the 
program. Your help is much appreciated ;-)


~Corey Richardson
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[Tutor] GUI Creation Aide

[Corey Richardson]

Hey tutors! I'm creating a GUI for a program. Really simple. I don't 
mind coding it out, but I was looking into things like Glade and the 
like. Do you recommend those over just coding it out by hand, or should 
I try Glade (or similiar) out? Also, I don't really have a preference 
for which toolkit I use, wx/Tk/GTK, etc.


Thanks,
~Corey Richardson
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[Tutor] Global name not found, though clearly in use

[Corey Richardson]

Hey tutors. Two separate submissions one day, guess I'm getting busy ;)

Anyway, I'm re-writing my hangman program to make use of my new-found 
understanding of OOP, and using a GUI this time around. I decided on 
coding with Tkinter, to get my feet wet with GUI stuff.

Here is the traceback:

Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "C:\Python31\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1399, in __call__
   return self.func(*args)
 File "C:/Users/Corey/Desktop/HangmanApp.py", line 45, in getLetter
   self.guess = eWordEntryBox.get()
NameError: global name 'eWordEntryBox' is not defined

However, not even 30 lines down, (29, to be exact) there is this line:
   eWordEntryBox = tk.Entry(fWordEntry)

Not understanding what is happening here. Same happens when I tack self 
at the beginning of it, except it says global name self is not defined.


Thanks!
~Corey Richardson
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Re: [Tutor] Global name not found, though clearly in use

[Corey Richardson]

 I was under the impression that when you define a function, it doesn't 
try to evaluate anything yet. If I had called the function before I 
defined the variable, I would understand, but I haven't. The entirety of 
my (incomplete and buggy) code is now available here: 
http://pastebin.com/QTNmKYC6


Steven D'Aprano wrote:

On Thu, 15 Jul 2010 12:18:58 am Corey Richardson wrote:
  

Hey tutors. Two separate submissions one day, guess I'm getting busy
;)

Anyway, I'm re-writing my hangman program to make use of my new-found
understanding of OOP, and using a GUI this time around. I decided on
coding with Tkinter, to get my feet wet with GUI stuff.



With respect, I'm not sure your new-found understanding is that 
complete, if you're having problems with simple variables. Have you 
considered doing some basic tutorials to ensure your understanding of 
Python has a solid foundation?


  

Here is the traceback:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python31\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1399, in __call__
return self.func(*args)
  File "C:/Users/Corey/Desktop/HangmanApp.py", line 45, in getLetter
self.guess = eWordEntryBox.get()
NameError: global name 'eWordEntryBox' is not defined

However, not even 30 lines down, (29, to be exact) there is this
line: eWordEntryBox = tk.Entry(fWordEntry)



Without seeing your actual code, it's impossible to say what's going on 
except in vague generalities. But consider a program made of just TWO 
lines:


print(x)
x = 1

What do you expect will happen? If you are surprised that Python will 
raise NameError when it tries to print the value of x, then you really 
should do some basic tutorials.


At the point that the line "print x" is called, x hasn't been defined 
*yet*, and so it doesn't exist. My guess is that your error is exactly 
the same -- you might have a line that defines eWordEntryBox 29 lines 
further down, but at the point that the error occurs, that line hasn't 
been reached yet, and so eWordEntryBox doesn't exist:


self.guess = eWordEntryBox.get()  # Error occurs here
...
...
29 lines of code
...
...
eWordEntryBox = tk.Entry(fWordEntry)  # Defined for the first time!


  

Not understanding what is happening here. Same happens when I tack
self at the beginning of it, except it says global name self is not
defined.



You can't just "tack" self at the beginning of variables and expect it 
to work, any more than you could tack on "akjfhbcvgsaj" and hope for 
the best! You need to understand *where* the variable self exists, and 
*what* value it has.





  
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Re: [Tutor] Global name not found, though clearly in use

[Corey Richardson]

Hmm..If
I add a few debugging lines like that into my code, I get this:


Starting program

In class Hangman

done defs in class

eWordEntryBox defined

Exception in Tkinter callback

Traceback (most recent call last):

 File "C:\Python31\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1399, in __call__

   return self.func(*args)

 File "C:/Users/Corey/Desktop/HangmanApp.py", line 48, in getLetter

   self.guess = eWordEntryBox.get()

NameError: global name 'eWordEntryBox' is not defined


I have the line "eWordEntryBox" right after the definition.


Emile van Sebille wrote:

The difference is in understanding what's
executed and what's deferred.
  
  
Consider the following:
  
  
#-Start File test.py-
  
def test():
  
  print "in def test"
  
  
class Test:
  
  print "in class Test"
  
  def __init__(self):
  
    print "in class Test.__init__"
  
  
print "in __main__"
  
  
test()
  
t = Test()
  
  
#-End File test.py-
  
  
Output:
  
  
in class Test
  
in __main__
  
in def test
  
in class Test.__init__
  
  
-
  
  
As you can see, the print statements at the class level are executing
when encountered, but the prints in defs only when executed.
  
  
HTH,
  
  
Emile
  
  
  
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Re: [Tutor] has it gone quiet or is it just me?

[Corey Richardson]

The "SQLite Database locked problem" was yesterday at 12:48 AM, I'm 
guessing you didn't count that? ;)


Alan Gauld wrote:

I haven't had any tutor messages in 2 days.
Do I have a problem or are things just very quiet suddenly?
The archive isn't showing anything either which makes me suspicious.

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[Tutor] Making String

[Corey Richardson]

Hello, tutors.

I'm attempting to make a string from the items of a list.
For example, if the list is ["3", "2", "5", "1", "0"], I desire the 
string "32510".


I've looked into str.join(), but I can't figure it out. Can someone 
either point me in a different direction, or explain how join() works?


Thank you,
~Corey Richardson
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Re: [Tutor] Making String

[Corey Richardson]

Joel and Hugo:

Thanks a lot! That clears it right up.

~Corey Richardson
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Re: [Tutor] Scripting Blender

[Corey Richardson]

Yes. It's called the Python API, it comes with Blender ;) bpy and 
Blender are the top modules. There are submodules for everything. The 
reference is here: 
http://www.blender.org/documentation/249PythonDoc/index.html


HTH,
~Corey Richardson

aug dawg wrote:
Are there any Python modules to script Blender? For example, placing 
predefined objects into a new Blender project to create a 3D model.


Thanks!



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[Tutor] Writing to Sound

[Corey Richardson]

 Greetings tutors.

First off, here is what I'm doing. I'm taking pi (3.141592 etc. etc. 
etc.), taking two values at a time, and then mapping the two values to 
pitch and length. I'm then using winsound.Beep to beep for x ms, at y 
frequency. What I want to do, is write that to file. Judging from 
http://codingmess.blogspot.com/2008/07/how-to-make-simple-wav-file-with-python.html, 
it seems to be more complex than I care to undertake without exploring 
the possibilities. Are there any simpler or higher level ways? I 
wouldn't mind something like sound_file.write(freq, length) like Beep 
does, but that may or may not exist. I dunno, a simple google doesn't 
yield anything.


Thanks!
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[Tutor] Plotting a Linear Equation

[Corey Richardson]

 Hello tutors. Probably the wrong mailing list, but someone might know.
I want to use matplotlib (or similar) to plot an equation in 
slope-intercept (y=mx+b) or standard form (Ax + By = C). As far as I've 
read and tested, you can only plot with a series of points. I could make 
two points out of those manually, but I was wondering if anyone knew of 
an easier way. Thanks.

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[Tutor] Operating in Place

[Corey Richardson]

 Hello tutors.

I hate doing this:
string = string.lower()

Is there a way to do it without the "string =" part? Thanks.

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Re: [Tutor] File transfer

[Corey Richardson]

If you can send a list, have the list [name, data] where name is the 
file name and data is the raw binary of the file, contained in a string.


On 10/30/2010 9:11 PM, Chris King wrote:

 Dear Tutors,
How would I send a file from one computer to another. I have 
modules which can send simple objects, such as dictionaries with 
simple objects in it. They can't send files thou. Please help.


Sincerely,
Me


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Re: [Tutor] File transfer

[Corey Richardson]

On 10/31/2010 12:06 PM, Chris King wrote:

On 10/31/2010 12:03 PM, Corey Richardson wrote:



On 10/31/2010 11:51 AM, Chris King wrote:

On 10/30/2010 10:08 PM, Corey Richardson wrote:
If you can send a list, have the list [name, data] where name is 
the file name and data is the raw binary of the file, contained in 
a string.


On 10/30/2010 9:11 PM, Chris King wrote:

 Dear Tutors,
How would I send a file from one computer to another. I have 
modules which can send simple objects, such as dictionaries with 
simple objects in it. They can't send files thou. Please help.


Sincerely,
Me


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how do I get raw binary from a file, or preferably a folder?
In order to send a folder, you would have to zip it up using the 
zipfile module.http://docs.python.org/library/zipfile.html


To read from a file, you open it, and then read() it into a string 
like this:

for line in file:
string += string + file.readline()

That is the basic concept, but it should carry you far.
I don't think readline will work an image. How do you get raw binary 
from a zip? Also make sure you do reply to the tutor list too, not 
just me.
If you want me to reply to the whole list, try sending the message to 
the whole list. Readlines will not work for an image. You need to open 
the file with the "rb" flag, why don't you read more into file I/O? 
http://docs.python.org/tutorial/inputoutput.html#reading-and-writing-files
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Re: [Tutor] Server

[Corey Richardson]

On 11/5/2010 3:18 PM, Chris King wrote:

 On 11/4/2010 9:46 PM, Corey Richardson wrote:



On 11/4/2010 8:43 PM, Chris King wrote:

 Dear Tutors,
May server and client programs aren't working. They basically 
simplify socket and SocketServer. Run them directly to test them. 
They do work locally. They don't work from one computer to the next 
on the same network. Please Help.


Sincerely,
Me, Myself, and I

P.S. How to you stop a server loop and open up the port?
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When ever I have worked on network, it's always been a firewall 
issue. If you are using Windows, turn off the built-in firewall. 
That's what fixed my problems.

Hope it helped,
~Corey

make sure you click reply to all, so you don't just send it to me
also, it is on the same network, so the server shouldn't be a problem


It has nothing to do with a server, it's the firewall built into Windows.
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Re: [Tutor] lists, arrays and saving data

[Corey Richardson]

On 11/21/2010 8:12 AM, Chris Begert wrote:

Hi Gurus

I just wrote my first little python program; so yes I'm very new to all this.

The goal in the end is to have a program that shows how the sun moves  from the 
point of view of a given location (i.e. solar paths added to some sort of 
stereographic diagram).

My very first program calculates the height (altitude) and direction of the sun 
(Azimuth) at a specific location during a specific time.

So here's my question (I'm sure its obvious for most of you):

How do I store a years worth of data of angles in an array / list / whatever is 
most useful when using Python?




Well now. You can store altitude and AZ in a tuple, and append that 
tuple to a list called, for example, data. data.append((altitude, AZ)), 
where data = list(). You will probably want to wrap all that calculation 
into a function that takes 6 arguments: longitude, latitude, month, day, 
hour, and minutes, instead of taking that input by hand. That way you 
can put everything into a nice for loop (in theory).

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[Tutor] Simple Game

[Corey Richardson]

So far, I can use tuples/lists/dictionary's, and define some functions, 
and a bit of other things.
Would it be hard for me to make a simple text rpg game? Or is there 
something else I should know before I try that.

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Re: [Tutor] Tutor Digest, Vol 67, Issue 22

[Corey Richardson]

"Corey Richardson"  wrote 

  
So far, I can use tuples/lists/dictionary's, and define some functions, 
and a bit of other things.
Would it be hard for me to make a simple text rpg game? Or is there 
something else I should know before I try that.



No idea about rpg because I've never played one far less written one.

But you certainly have enough to write a simple game like mastermind, 
oxo or hangman...


Assuming you also mean that you know about loops and branches 
then you can program anything since sequences, loops and 
branches are all that are necessary to program anything!


So go for it, and if you get stuick as here.



  

Ummm, whats a branch? Haha, I know loops, but not branches.


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[Tutor] Simple Program

[Corey Richardson]

I'm going to be making a simple program, that is a few books like "A is 
for...", "B is for...", but it will be many built into one, with a some 
sort of define(word) command, some sort of a find(word) command, and a 
few others. Looking for people to contribute, and make this a community 
thing, maybe each doing our own small 'chapter' or the 'book'. I also 
don't know if it is quite appropriate for this list, so forgive me if it 
isn't, and ignore it. Also, Alan, your tutorial is the bomb! Some of the 
simpler things I've seen done better, but you do an amazing job with it. 
It helps alot!
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Re: [Tutor] Tutor Digest, Vol 67, Issue 62

[Corey Richardson]

I'm going to be making a simple program, that is a few books like "A is
for...", "B is for...", but it will be many built into one,



Sorry, I don't understand?
  *By that, I mean it will be like a childrens book, teaching the letters. You've read 
them. example "A is for apple, a yummy treat. B is for Box'es, they hold 
things".
*

isn't, and ignore it. Also, Alan, your tutorial is the bomb! Some of the
simpler things I've seen done better, but you do an amazing job with it.



Thanks for the kind words. If you can offer ideas for improvement I'm 
always

happy to hear. Thats how it improves! And since I;m still working on the
latest update for v3 its a good time for suggestions!

* Ok, I'll go over it more carefully and see if I can suggest anything.*
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[Tutor] Calling a dictionary entry inside of a function

[Corey Richardson]

I am trying to use a parameter of a function to call a word inside a 
dictionary.

Here is my code
wordList = {
   'Apple' : ["A delicious snack"],
   'Word' : ["This code is not working..."],
}
def define(word):
   print wordList['Word']


When I use define('Apple') it returns ['This code is not working...'].
I tried defining word with a raw_input, but that didn't work, and I 
wouldn't know how to have them define another word.
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Re: [Tutor] eazy python question involving functions and, parameters

[Corey Richardson]

   assume that  jade2 is a function that expects two  int parameters and returns
   the value of the larger one. 


   Also assume that four variables,  population1 ,  population2 ,  population3
   , and  population4 have already been defined and associated with  int
   values. 

   Write an expression (not a statement!) whose value is the largest of 
   population1 ,  population2 ,  population3 , and  population4 by calling 
   jade2 . 


   how can i do this???

What are you trying to do?? I would like to help, but like Alan said, it really 
does reek of school. I don't quite understand what you are saying, could you 
elaborate?

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[Tutor] eazy python question involving functions and parameters

[Corey Richardson]

another thing from the OP that no one has addressed yet is what *this* 
means:


>/ > Write an expression (not a statement!)
/
to the veterans, we don't have to think twice, but this may not be
obvious to a beginner. basically, an expression is something like 4 *
5, foo(), [x for x in range(5)], etc. that evaluates to *some* Python
object, like a number, instance, or a list, etc. this also includes
function (calls) because it is associated with the single return value
that comes back from every call.

in contrast, a statement is something that has no intrinsic value (nor
associated Python object), such as print, pass, continue, or any
keywords like those.

hope this helps too!
-- wesley

   Umm.you just completely confused me. What does it do?

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[Tutor] Unknown reason for error.

[Corey Richardson]

Hello, python tutors, its Corey.
Anyway, I'm getting a syntax error for an unknown reason. Here is my code...
    name = raw_input("What is your name?")
print "Hello, ", name
wellness = raw_input("How are you?")
if wellness != "Good":
    if wellness != "Well":
    if wellness != "Fine":
    print "Oh, I'm sorry you are not feeling well. I guessed correct, 
right?"
    else: print "Great!"
candyNumber = raw_input("How many candies do you want? :"
fat = raw_input("How many candies do you want to eat? :")
if fat > candyNumber:
    print "HA! Nice try, but no. You don't have that many candies"
    else print "HA! You ate the candy! Sucker. You are now", fat, "lbs 
overweight"
The syntax arror is at the first fat. Thanks ahead of time, 
~Corey


  
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[Tutor] invalid syntax (reply)

[Corey Richardson]

Robert, that is my code. The error? "Theres an error in your program : 
invalid syntax"
Closing the parenthesis helped that one, but my else statement is not 
working...heres the code chunk...

if wellness != "Good":
   elif wellness != "Well":
   elif wellness != "Fine":
   print "Oh, I'm sorry you are not feeling well. I guessed 
correct, right?"

else print "Great!"
candyNumber = raw_input("How many candies do you want? :")
fatness = raw_input("How many candies do you want to eat? :")
if fatness > candyNumber:
   print "HA! Nice try, but no. You don't have that many candies"
   else print "HA! You ate the candy! Sucker. You are now", 
fatness, "lbs overweight"




my IDLE highlights the print, in each of them. Why? (oh, and thanks for 
helping, all)
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[Tutor] [Reply]need help with conditionals

[Corey Richardson]

I have no clue what it is trying to acomplish. What are you doing? Here 
is a good Tut on conditionals. Boolean is near the top.

http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld/tutbranch.htm
HTH(If I did),
~Corey
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[Tutor] Not workin!

[Corey Richardson]

I got suggested to use this format for my code, as it was shorter and 
prettier. But It dun work!
if wellness != ["Well","Fine","Good", "OK", "ok", "Ok", "Great", 
"Awesome", "Epic"]:

   print "Oh, I'm sorry you are not feeling well."
   areYouOk = raw_input("I guessed correct, right?")
   if areYouOk != ["yes", "yep", "yup", "yea"]:
   print "Oh, thats to bad. Things will be better"
   else  :
   print "Oh, I'm glad your ok then!"
It just prints the "Oh, I'm sorry you are not feeling well.", and then 
when you reply, it says "Oh, thats to bad. Things will be better"/

Ahhh! Why does it be do this? And there is no error, btw.
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[Tutor] Images, and other things.

[Corey Richardson]

I haven't looked into this, but could you make a real time image using 
python? I think it would be most hard
Anyway, I am having trouble with int(). I am trying to 
int(raw_input("some number")), but it returns

Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "C:/Users/Quick-Start/Documents/Python Doc's/Game_File", line 94, 
in 

   fatness = int(raw_input("How many candies do you want to eat? :"))
TypeError: 'int' object is not callable


Do I need to import a module or something? I am using 2.6.2, possibly 
upgrading to 3.x later...
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[Tutor] UnboundLocalError and Break

[Corey Richardson]

Here is my code that is being used/affected by the block that is 
erroring. The rest is superfluous, and does not affect it:


   intel = 10  #Define the abilities.
   strn = 10
   con = 10
   dex = 10
   wis = 10
   exp = 0
   cha = 10
   playHp = 20
   melWep = 1 # A sword
   rngWep = 1 #A bow
   attack = dex+strn/2 #If they hit!
   melDmg = strn+1+melWep/2 #Melee damage
   deff = (con/3)+(dex/2)+6 #Defense
   rngDmg = dex+1+rngWep/2 #Ranged damage
   print "You are hiking through the woods one day, and you are jumped
   by a goblin!" #The beginning of the adventure
   print "Do you want to 1. Attack w/sword, 2. Attack w/bow, 3. Flee,
   or 4. Nothing"
   gob1Hp = 10 #First monsters hitpoints
   def monsAttk (damage, attack,playHp): #A monsters attack  
   if attack > deff:  #Monster hit  
   playHp -= damage #Player takes damage (I think...I will have

   to work that out)
   print "You have sustained", damage, "damage, with",
   damage-playHp, "remaining" #Inform player of their status
  
   def gmAttack(monHp, monDef, monAgil) :  #A player attack

   op1 = raw_input("Your choice?")
   while op1 != "5":   #Just a loop that you can break out of
   (possibly...working that out)  
   if op1 == '1': #Option 1

   if attack + 10  > monDef : #If the player hits
   monHp-= melDmg  #Monster takes damage
   print "you did", melDmg, "damage! It now has",
   monHp, "health left!" #Inform player how much health it has.
   monsAttk(4, 15) #Monster attacks  
   elif op1 == '2': #Option 2  
   if attack + 10 >monDef: #If you hit the monster

   monHp -= rngDmg  #Monster takes damage
   print "you did", rngDmg, "damage! It now has",
   monHp, "health left!"  #Inform player how much health it has  
   monsAttk(4, 15) #Monster attacks

   elif op1 == '3' : #Option 3
   if attack + dex > monAgil : #If they can escape  
   print "Thou hast fled!" #They have fled!

   break #Stop the loop (I think. Can someone please inform
   me as of how this works? I have looked online...it makes no sense to me)
   elif op1 == '4' : #Option 4...the dumb one
   monsAttk(4, 15)  #Monster attacks
   monsAttk(4,15) #Monster attacks again, cause they are dumb
   print "You should attack..." #Inform them of their stupidity
   else : #Well, what the hell did they pick?
   print "Unknown option, try again!" #Inform them they
   didn't pick a valid option
   while gob1Hp >= 0: #Well it is still alive
   gmAttack(gob1Hp,13,15) #player attacks
   if gob1Hp <= 0.5 : #if it dies
   print "Gratz! You have gotten 5 exp! You only have", 100-exp,
   "exp left till lv 1!" #print their experience
   exp += 5 #Give them exp


If you catch an error besides what is wrong, please don't point it out, 
as I would like to work it out myself, unless marked in the comments. 
But this one is evading me...I have playHp defined at the beginning, and 
I am getting this error :


   Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "C:\Users\Quick-Start\Documents\Python Doc's\Game_File.py",
   line 183, in 
   gmAttack(gob1Hp,13,15)
 File "C:\Users\Quick-Start\Documents\Python Doc's\Game_File.py",
   line 167, in gmAttack
   monsAttk(4, 15)
 File "C:\Users\Quick-Start\Documents\Python Doc's\Game_File.py",
   line 157, in monsAttk
   playHp -= damage
   UnboundLocalError: local variable 'playHp' referenced before assignment

If you could please help me, that would be great. I'm just trying to get 
the game engine working, as of now, it is 30% done, with Inventory, 
Equipment, and a more sophisticated and simpler code to come. It's a bit 
of a mess now...



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Re: [Tutor] UnboundLocalError and Break

[Corey Richardson]

Luke Paireepinart wrote:
If your code's more than 10 lines long or so,  put it on pastebin.com 
 and send us the link rather than inlining the 
whole thing.  You could also send it as an attachment.
Your formatting is all screwed up and I can't read the code at all, 
but I have an idea about your error.


Hmmm...thats odd. I didn't do anything differentbut I can do 
that.http://pastebin.com/m518f612f








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[Tutor] Switching to other version of Python

[Corey Richardson]

My school has python 2.4. I have python 2.6, and I find it perfectly 
wonderful. However, I am contemplating the switch, and am wondering, 
what is your personal opinion on why or why not to use 3.x? Thanks for 
the help in advance,

~Corey
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[Tutor] Running Python on a Calculator

[Corey Richardson]

Hey tutors. I have a TI-84 plus, and I am making some math tools, and I 
don't know the native language of the Ti-84, and was wondering, has 
anyone worked with a version of Python that can run on that small of a 
processor? Thanks in advance,

~Corey
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[Tutor] List Changing Order

[Corey Richardson]

Tutors,

I recall that the keys of dictionaries have arbitrary order, and may 
change over time. Is this true of lists? I can't find the answer from a 
simple Google search. Thank you!

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Re: [Tutor] List Changing Order

[Corey Richardson]

Steven D'Aprano wrote:

Corey Richardson wrote:

Tutors,

I recall that the keys of dictionaries have arbitrary order, and may 
change over time. Is this true of lists? I can't find the answer from 
a simple Google search. Thank you!


Only if you re-arrange it yourself.

list.sort(), list.reverse() and random.shuffle(list) explicitly change 
the list's order. You can also manually move items around, e.g.:


list[3], list[5] = list[5], list[3]  # swap items 3 and 5

but otherwise lists keep their order.



Many thanks, everyone who replied.
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Re: [Tutor] Temperature Scales

[Corey Richardson]

On 11/28/2010 8:33 PM, Andre Jeyarajan wrote:


Write two functions that will convert temperatures back and forth from 
the Celsius and Fahrenheit temperature scales (using raw_input)



def C_F(x):

y = (x-32)*(5.0/9)

print y


def F_C(x):

y = (x*9.0/5)+32

print y


I have created the two functions but I don’t know what to do from here.


Can you help?


Thanks



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I get the curious feeling this is homework.  You would need to do one of 
two things:
Pass the output of raw_input as an argument or rewrite your functions so 
that instead of taking the temperature as a parameter, it asks in the 
body of the function for a temperature. In either case, you will run 
into a little TypeError, easily fixed however.

HTH,
~Corey Richardson
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Re: [Tutor] floats

[Corey Richardson]

On 12/3/2010 1:52 PM, Christopher Spears wrote:

I have a float variable that is very long.


float_a = 1.16667

However, I want to pass the value of float_a to float_b, but I want the float 
to be accurate to two decimal points.


float_a = 1.16667
print "%.2f" % float_a

1.17

I tried the following:


float_b = "%.2f" % float_a
float_b

'1.17'

type(float_b)



This doesn't work because it yields a string.

Any suggestions?
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float_b = float(float_b)
That takes the string and makes it a float.
~Corey Richardson
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Re: [Tutor] PHP

[Corey Richardson]

On 12/4/2010 2:27 PM, Kirk Bailey wrote:

For reasons of my work, of recent I have started aquiring php.
Straightaway, i was impressed by one powerful property; the ability to
imbed php into a html webpage, and switch into and out of php as needed,
and let normal ssi and html and css work the rest of the time, outside
of php. all I have to do is start the php block with
 # end the php block
and continue in html. What a BLOODY shame we can't do that in python,
which is otherwise awesome and superior in every way i can thus far
evaluate.


Actually, you CAN do that with Python. Python Server Pages (PSP) and 
mod_python enable you to do this on an Apache server.

~Corey Richardson
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Re: [Tutor] Writing to the terminal?

[Corey Richardson]

On 12/10/2010 3:14 PM, Modulok wrote:

List,

Forgive me if I don't describe this well, I'm new to it:

Assume I'm working in a command shell on a terminal. Something like
tcsh on xterm, for example. I have a program which does *something*.
Let's say it counts down from 10. How do I print a value, and then
erase that value, replacing it with another value? Say I had something
like '10' that appears, then wait a second, then the 10 is replaced by
'9'... '8'.. and so forth. The point is, I don't want to print to a
new line, nor do I want the new number to appear next to the previous
number... I just want to change it in place. (If that makes any
sense?) Think of console based progress counters in programs like
fetch or wget, or lame.

How do you do this in Python?
-Modulok-
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I've never used it before, but I think the curses module does this.
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Re: [Tutor] Writing to the terminal?

[Corey Richardson]

On 12/10/2010 3:34 PM, Wayne Werner wrote:

If you just want a single line you can use chr(13) which is a carriage
return. If you want a more complex program you'll need a curses type
library
hth, wayne

On 12/10/10, Modulok  wrote:

List,

Forgive me if I don't describe this well, I'm new to it:

Assume I'm working in a command shell on a terminal. Something like
tcsh on xterm, for example. I have a program which does *something*.
Let's say it counts down from 10. How do I print a value, and then
erase that value, replacing it with another value? Say I had something
like '10' that appears, then wait a second, then the 10 is replaced by
'9'... '8'.. and so forth. The point is, I don't want to print to a
new line, nor do I want the new number to appear next to the previous
number... I just want to change it in place. (If that makes any
sense?) Think of console based progress counters in programs like
fetch or wget, or lame.

How do you do this in Python?
-Modulok-
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Try that in the interactive interpreter, it doesn't work.
>>> print "a" + chr(13)
a
(Python 2.6.6)
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Re: [Tutor] Tutor Digest, Vol 82, Issue 54

[Corey Richardson]

On 12/12/2010 11:43 PM, marupalli charan wrote:

dont send me mails again. i want to unsubscript
At the bottom of every single message from the list there are the 
following lines:


To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
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~Corey Richardson

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Re: [Tutor] syntax error that i cant spot!

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/01/2011 02:28 PM, Ken Green wrote:

I am caught off guard but what is the purpose of the plus sign? I don't
recall seeing it used like that.

Ken

On 01/01/2011 12:11 PM, Abhijeet Rastogi wrote:

You missed a "+" after myName on line 30.

On Sat, Jan 1, 2011 at 10:32 PM, pete mailto:psmo...@live.com>> wrote:

Hi,
Please help just starting out and have come up with the following
code to create a simple guessing game.

on line 30 print good job etc i get a syntax error! sure it's
simple but i've looked for ages and cant spot it!

Regards
Pete

_



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The + operator in this case concatenates, or joins, two strings.
"Hello, " + "World" == "Hello, World"
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Re: [Tutor] syntax error that i cant spot!

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/02/2011 09:40 AM, Brett Ritter wrote:
> On Sat, Jan 1, 2011 at 9:10 PM, Alan Gauld  wrote:
>> Why avoidCamelCase? I actually prefer it to using_non_camel_case
> 
> The readability is an often argued topic - I myself find the space of
> names_in_underscores to be more readable (words are distinct), but I
> try to follow the common conventions of the languages I'm using, and
> Python appears to use camelCase more than not.
> 

I tend to disagree with that. In the stdlib, as well as the builtins,
many, many methods are alllowercase, for example str.isdigit() or
socket.gethostname().
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Re: [Tutor] print stack traces not caused by errors

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/04/2011 06:59 PM, Alan Gauld wrote:
> 
> "Alex Hall"  wrote
> 
>> expected at all. I tried the pdb module, but I am running a wx 
>> program
>> so it is not helping. I tried:
>> python -m pdb c:\prog\solitaire\game.py
> 
> The key to using any debugger in a GUI environment is to set break
> points on the event handlers of interest. Then when the event fires
> the debugger will stop your code at the start of the event handler
> and you can examine the stack, variables etc and step through
> the code.
> 
> Single line stepping is tiresome so usually you are better off
> setting another break point within the function (just before or within
> a loop maybe? Or after reading a line from a file...). A watch point
> is even better but sadly I don't think pdb supports those. But
> the debugger in Eclipse and winPDB(?) do I think.
> 
> And of course print statements work too within the console
> window.
> 
> HTH,
> 
> Alan G. 
> 
> 
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I've done almost all my debugging via print statements at crucial
points. It's a good way to go, IMO.

~Corey Richardson
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Re: [Tutor] wx accelerator table: one keystroke seems skipped

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/05/2011 04:41 PM, Alex Hall wrote:
> Hello all,
> First, this is about a wx accelerator table, so if it is too off-topic
> for this list, let me know.
> 
> [snip]

I would go ask the wxPython mailing list or similar, just my 2 cents.
~Corey Richardson

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Re: [Tutor] Parse MPL files

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/07/2011 05:16 PM, PyProg PyProg wrote:
> Hi all,
> 
> I'm looking for a way to parse MPL files (.MPL or .mpl extension).
> These files are contained in the tree of some cameras that support the
> AVCHD ... and some cameras filming with a stream mpeg-ts.
> 
> I know a person who seeks to recover the data contained in these
> files. MPL (or .mpl). The data in this kind of file are the date and
> location (by GPS info), I would help him recover the data.
> 
> Is there a Python module who make that ?, or how to proceed ?
> 
> Thank you in advance.
> 
> a+
> 
A google search yields no results for one. If you know the structure of
the MPL file, you can write your own parser. Look through the file with
a hex editor like Bless first, if you need to. Most likely the
information you want is right at the start of the file.

~Corey Richardson
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Re: [Tutor] Parse MPL files

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/07/2011 06:29 PM, PyProg PyProg wrote:
> 2011/1/7 Corey Richardson :
> 
> Hi,
> 
> Thanks for your response.
> 
>> A google search yields no results for one. If you know the structure of
>> the MPL file, you can write your own parser. Look through the file with
>> a hex editor like Bless first, if you need to. Most likely the
>> information you want is right at the start of the file.
> 
> Parts of the data is inaccessible (very large parts in fact).The
> structure is like that:
> 
> Python 2.6.4 (r264:75706, Dec  7 2009, 18:43:55)
> [GCC 4.4.1] on linux2
> Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>> o = open("/home/toto/ae/1.MPL", "r")
>>>> oo = o.readlines()
>>>> for listage, ligne in enumerate(oo):
> ... print "Ligne n°", listage, ":", ligne
> ...
> Ligne n° 0 : MPLS0100:�
> 
> Ligne n° 1 : �...@�`5m2ts�x1�p>�1und
> �und`2M2TSp��>  �1und   �und`3M2TSqu��>
>  �1und �und`4M2T��>�1und
> �und:�X��p��quJ▒▒6PLEXDR▒�� �
> 
> Ligne n° 2 : 2011. 1. 1
> 
> GH DD� :  �T%d
> 
> Ligne n° 4 : 2011. 1. 1T%dGH X&�
> 
> Ligne n° 5 : 2011. 1. 1T%dGH▒�
> 
> Ligne n° 6 : 2011. 1. 1T%dGH
> �▒▒
> 
> (~�B���~���"�'��
> �u���A���>���O��$mCy�C�Ng�>�3�...@f�^�,dW&#�Y�}n�A�$▒�`��N0
> �d1A2
> 
> Ligne n° 7 :
> 
> Ligne n° 8 : WGS-841GPSFRANCE
> 
> ,dW&e n° 9 : FINISTÈRELOCMARIA-PLOUZANÉ---��N0
> �d1A2
> 
> Ligne n° 10 :
> 
> Ligne n° 11 : WGS-841GPSFRANCE
> 
> 5"A2e n° 12 : FINISTÈRELOCMARIA-PLOUZANÉ---��N0qdW*�d
> 
> Ligne n° 13 :
> 
> Ligne n° 14 : WGS-84GPSFRANCE
> 
> Ligne n° 15 : FINISTÈRE
> 5"A2   PLOUGONVELINCENTRE AQUATIQUE TRÉZIROISE��N0qdW*�d
> 
> Ligne n° 16 :
> 
> Ligne n° 17 : WGS-84GPSFRANCE
> 
> Ligne n° 18 : FINISTÈRE
>PLOUGONVELINCENTRE AQUATIQUE TRÉZIROISE� �
> 
> ��DMC-TZ10�DMC-TZ10�DMC-TZ10�DMC-TZ10
> 
> 
> How to set up a hex editor ?
> 
>> ~Corey Richardson
> 
> a+
> 

Open the file not with 'r' but with 'rb'. That opens the file as binary,
not text. To use Bless, run sudo apt-get install bless on Ubuntu and
variants, for Windows try HxD, http://mh-nexus.de/en/hxd/.
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Re: [Tutor] Open a text file, read and print pattern matching

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/09/2011 01:25 AM, tee chwee liong wrote:
> hi,
> 
> i have a sampledata as below. Pls refer to output, if found -1, how to
> list out all the Lane number? And if there is no -1, print PASS. My code
> is as below section.
>  
> thanks
> tcl76
>  
> sampledata
> Platform: PC
> Tempt : 25
> TAP0 :0
> TAP1 :1
> 
> +
> Port Chnl Lane EyVt
> +
> 0   1  175
> 0   1  2-1
> 0   1  310
> 0   1  4-1
> 0   1  512
> +
> Time: 20s
> 
>  
> output###
> case1: Found -1
> Lane 2 FAIL
> Lane 4 FAIL
>  
> case2: No -1
> All Lanes PASS
> ##
You couldn't possibly have gotten that output from the code you
provided, so why did you list it under output?
>  
> Code
> fname = "sampledata.txt"
> pattern = "-1"
> for search in open(fname):
> if pattern in search:
> print "FAIL"
> else:
> print "PASS"
> 
>  
> 
> 
> 
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I'm not quite sure how your data file is supposed to be laid out. I
suggest you have it setup so that every line that isn't actually data is
commented out somehow, and you only search the actual data. So, your new
data file could look like:

---paste--
#Platform: PC
#Tempt : 25
#TAP0 :0
#TAP1 :1

#+
#Port Chnl Lane EyVt
#+
0   1  175
0   1  2-1
0   1  310
0   1  4-1
0   1  512
#+
#Time: 20s
-end-paste

Your script could look something like:

data = [for line in open(filename) if not line.startswith("#")
for line in data:
line = line.split()
if line[3] == pattern:
print "Lane " + line[2] + " PASS"
else:
print "Lane " + line[2] + " FAIL"

~Corey Richardson
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[Tutor] __init__() - is it required?

[Corey Richardson]

Do all classes need an __init__() method? I have classes that look much
like this one starts out:

class GenerateXML(object):
"""Defines methods to be inherited for StaticXML and AnimationXML"""
def __init__(self):
pass

I would rather not do that. Code without it runs fine, but will there be
any negative consequences down the road? Does object define an __init__
method for me?
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Re: [Tutor] __init__() - is it required?

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/09/2011 04:27 PM, Steven D'Aprano wrote:
> Corey Richardson wrote:
>> Do all classes need an __init__() method? I have classes that look much
>> like this one starts out:
>>
>> class GenerateXML(object):
>> """Defines methods to be inherited for StaticXML and AnimationXML"""
>> def __init__(self):
>> pass
>>
>> I would rather not do that. Code without it runs fine, but will there be
>> any negative consequences down the road? Does object define an __init__
>> method for me?
> 
> You don't need to define an __init__ if you don't need one. A 
> placeholder __init__ that does nothing, as above, is a waste of space.
> 
> object includes an __init__ method that not only does nothing, but 
> ignores any arguments you pass to it:
> 
>  >>> object.__init__
> 
>  >>> object.__init__(1, 2, 3)
>  >>>
> 
> In Python 2.x, you can have "old-style" classes that don't inherit from 
> object. They too don't need an __init__:
> 
>  >>> class Old:  # *don't* inherit from object
> ... pass
> ...
>  >>> o = Old()
>  >>>
> 
> 

Thank you very much Alan and Steven!

~Corey Richardson
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[Tutor] Sorting a List

[Corey Richardson]

Hello Tutors,

I am generating XML definitions for animations to be used in a
FIFE-based game. I need to sort the frames of the animations, and I am
currently using:
sorted([image for image in os.listdir(path) if image.endswith('.png')])

The final output in the XML is:














Having frame 10 and 11 between frame 1 and 2 is not desired behavior;
how can I sort all of these with walk_10.png and company (this isn't the
only animation like this) being after walk_9.png? A google search
doesn't return anything I could use. I tried just using
[image for image in os.listdir(path) if image.endswith('.png')],
but that doesn't appear to have any order.

Thanks,
Corey Richardson
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Re: [Tutor] Sorting a List

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/12/2011 09:42 PM, Luke Paireepinart wrote:
> Remember the sorted() method takes a key function, have this key
> function take in each filename and compare the numbers and you're all set!
> 
> -
> Sent from a mobile device. Apologies for brevity and top-posting.
> -
> 
> [snip]

Thanks everyone - I didn't get anything out of glob, but playing with
key and using a function that parsed the frame number out worked. Thanks
again,
~Corey

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Re: [Tutor] errors in "Python Programming for the Absolute Beginner"??

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/13/2011 08:50 PM, Elwin Estle wrote:
> I am going through the book mentioned in the subject line, and I have found a 
> couple of things that don't seem to work the way the author shows in the 
> book.  So, either I am doing something wrong, or what he is saying isn't 
> quite right.
> 
> I am using Python 2.7.1 on Mac OS X Leopard.
> 
> The first thing is what he has for getting keyboard input (this is non-GUI 
> stuff).
> 
> Several times he does something like this:
> 
> x = input('type something: ")
> 
> But when I do the above and type something in, I get an error message saying 
> that whatever I have typed in response to the above input() command, is an 
> undefined name, unless I put it in quotes when I type it.  I did a bit of 
> poking around on the net and found out that input() actually appears to treat 
> whatever is typed as an actual python command, i.e. as if it was being 
> "eval"ed.   If this is the case...why does he describe the usage this way in 
> his book?
> 
> On the other hand, raw_input() works just as exected, is it a typo?  Seems 
> like kind of a bad error to have in a Python book for beginners.
> 
> And I just found another one that doesn't appear to work as he describes.
> 
> print("some text here", end = ' ')
> 
> He says this is supposed to control the end character on a print statement, 
> allowing one to choose what the last character printed will be, other than a 
> newline.  But when I try it, I get a syntax error on the "=" after "end".
> 
> So is this not a valid command format?  Or is he using perhaps an earlier 
> version of python?  The copyright date on the book is 2010, and it is the 3rd 
> Edition of the book.
> 
> 
> 

He's not using an older version - you are! That book was written for
Python 3.x, you are using Python 2.x. As you have found, replace input
with raw_input, and for that print statement you can use:

print "Some text",

The comma suppresses the newline from being printed.

HTH,
~Corey

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Re: [Tutor] errors in "Python Programming for the Absolute Beginner"??

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/13/2011 10:29 PM, Bill Allen wrote:
> That is correct about the difference between Python 2 and Python 3
> syntax.   However, I am surprised that with 2.7.1 these do not work.   I
> have found that on my Ubuntu system with Python 2.6.5 these Python 3
> syntax items do seem to work properly.  I am assuming they were back
> ported or something.  I would have expected the same for 2.7.1.
> 
> --Bill

I'm using Python 2.6.6 and I have a feeling you are not using python
2.6.5 with Python3 syntax working. I could be very wrong, but just a
hunch ;)

~Corey
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Re: [Tutor] how to print random number multiply

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/14/2011 07:46 PM, walter weston wrote:
> I have mostly studied python and now I'm ready to start writing code. I
> want to print random numbers a certain ammount of times I am using the
> code  
> 
>  import random
> print (random.random())
> 
> I tried bind the print statement to a variable and when I call x for
> example I want it to print new numbers when I store the print statement
> in a variable x everytime I call x it's the same number and does change
> I wanted it to change when I call it could someone show me the code to
> do that thanks!
> 
> 
> 
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When you do:
x = print(random.random())
that evaluates random.random() once, and not every time you type in x.
What you want it is for loop:

for number in range(50):
print(random.random())

Coming from other languages you might think:
cntr = 0
while cntr < 50:
print(random.random())
cntr += 1

which is correct, but not pythonic.

HTH,
~Corey Richardson
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Re: [Tutor] color of "print" function

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/14/2011 07:48 PM, Bill DeBroglie wrote:
> Hello all,
> 
> I don't have a problem per se, but have noticed something that I'd  
> like to figure out...
> 
> Sometimes the "print" function appears orange for me, sometimes it  
> appears purple. Why does this happen and what's the difference anyway?  
> This seems to be the only function that varies like this, but I'm just  
> starting really so perhaps I'll come across more.
> 
> The coloring seems to be fairly arbitrary. At least, I haven't noticed  
> a pattern yet.
> 
> Using Mac OS X 10.5.8 and Python 2.7.1
> 
> Thank you for the help,
> bdb
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Is that specifically with Idle, or some other IDE? AFAIK the interpreter
has no coloring, unless you're using something like bpython or ipython.
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Re: [Tutor] Python on Ubuntu 10.10?

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/14/2011 08:17 PM, Joel Knoll wrote:
> Hello,
> 
> I am new to programming and to Python.  I've been using Python with IDLE
> on Windows Vista for a few weeks now. 
> (And I'm loving it!)  However, I'm thinking about switching to Ubuntu
> 10.10.  If I download Ubuntu, will I still be able to use the
> IDLE environment?  I am really quite fond of it (mostly because it's
> what I know!).  To use Python in Ubuntu,
> will I have to do any additional downloading, or do Python and IDLE come
> built in and ready to use? 
> 
> Thanks for your time,
> 
> JC Knoll
> 
> 
> 
> 
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Python (2.6.6) comes default with Ubuntu IIRC. You'll need to:
sudo apt-get install idle
to download and install Idle, but it does all the lifting for you.
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Re: [Tutor] Anyone interested in making a Python Help hotline?

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/15/2011 05:45 PM, walter weston wrote:
> I thought creating a Python help hotline would help programmers
> exponential! I think they should make a help hotline for every
> programming language. and since I havent discovered something similar It
> would probably be lucretive!
> 
> 
> 
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irc.freenode.net/python
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Re: [Tutor] Anyone interested in making a Python Help hotline?

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/15/2011 05:45 PM, walter weston wrote:
> I thought creating a Python help hotline would help programmers
> exponential! I think they should make a help hotline for every
> programming language. and since I havent discovered something similar It
> would probably be lucretive!
> 

irc.freenode.net/python
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Re: [Tutor] Anyone interested in making a Python Help hotline?

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/15/2011 06:30 PM, Corey Richardson wrote:
> On 01/15/2011 05:45 PM, walter weston wrote:
>> I thought creating a Python help hotline would help programmers
>> exponential! I think they should make a help hotline for every
>> programming language. and since I havent discovered something similar It
>> would probably be lucretive!
>>
> 
> irc.freenode.net/python
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Forgive the double post, having issues with my MUA.

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Re: [Tutor] question about manipulate images!

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/17/2011 10:34 AM, zhengqing gan wrote:
> Hi,
>Thanks for the reply.
>But I found that there are some website which can convert images
> into iphone icon style images, there should be an kind of algorithm to
> manipulate.
>Thanks!
> 
> 

>From playing with
http://wizardtoolkit.com/shooter/iPhone-Icon-Generator, it appears all
that needs to be done is add a semi- or completely-transparent ovalish
blob on the top, and possibly a metallic looking frame. While I'm sure
you could take the (probably) tens to hundreds of hours finding a
mathematical formula to define that, you can probably just whip up some
semi-transparent blobs in GIMP/Photoshop/what-have-you and a metallic
frame. Then you can use PIL to combine them. Try:
http://python-forum.com/pythonforum/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=3462&start=0
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3374878/with-the-python-imaging-library-pil-how-does-one-compose-an-image-with-an-alph

~Corey
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Re: [Tutor] Is it possible to tell, from which class an method was inherited from

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/19/2011 03:55 AM, Jojo Mwebaze wrote:
> Is it possible to tell, from which class an method was inherited from.
> take an example below
> 
> |class A:
> 
>def foo():
>  pass
> class B(A):
> 
>def boo(A):
>  pass
> 
> class C(B):
>def coo()
> 
>  pass
> class D(C):
> 
>def doo()
>   pass  
> 
 dir (D)
> 
> ['__doc__', '__module__', 'boo', 'coo', 'doo', 'foo']
> 
> |
> 
> Is there any method to tell me form which classes boo, coo, foo where
> inherited from?
> 
>   
> 
> 
> 
> 
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Try using the information here:
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1938755/getting-the-superclasses-of-a-python-class

>From there, you can use the following (probably sub-prime):

def findRootParent(obj, method, prev=None):
for parent in obj.__bases__:
if hasattr(parent, method):
findRootParent(parent, method, parent)
print "I'm in %s, it has it" % obj.__name__
else:
print "%s first had %s" % (obj.__name__, method)

Here's a little test and some output:

class A(object):
def test1():
pass
def test2():
pass

class B(A):
def test3():
pass

class C(B):
def test4():
pass
findRootParent(C, "test1")

Output:
A first had test1
I'm in B, it has it
I'm in C, it has it

That's just me hacking together a solution. I don't know if its the best
or if one of the gurus on the list have a better one. It doesn't really
work if you have multiple inheritance:

class A(object):
def test1(): pass

class B(object):
def test2(): pass

class C(A, B): pass
findRootParent(C, "test1")
findRootParent(C, "test2")

Output:
A first had test1
I'm in C, it has it
C first had test1
C first had test2
B first had test2
I'm in C, it has it

Hope it helps,
~Corey
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Re: [Tutor] Exercise suggestions

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/22/2011 11:56 AM, michael scott wrote:

I am new to programming, I intend to get an entry level job programming
next year (or a little bit longer). I am switching fields and not going
to college, but kinda "self teaching" myself through various methods. I
currently understand concepts in programming in python up to classes
(like I understand how to make objects, I understand inheritance,
etc...), and I have experimented with building guis in Tkinter, but I'm
finding that I understand concepts, but have no real way to implement them.

So now my problem emerges... can anyone give me suggestions of exercises
I should do to help improve my knowledge of what I can "actually" do
with the concepts I have.

My main goal is to get to the point where I can assist in fixing bugs in
open source programs (I'll be learning C++ in a couple months as well),
but when I look at bugs / source code of larger programs, I am just so
blown away at how little I understand. So I need to find a way to bridge
the gap between my current level and the level needed to contribute to
open source programs. A lofty goal I understand, but it is my goal. And
I am very dedicated to reaching it.

Anyways, given my situation, do you good people have any suggestions for
me. I don't need a person walking me through it, a simple, "build a
program that asks a user to give you a name and create permutations of
it" is great. Of course that example is elementary, but that is the gist
of the responses I'm looking for. I just have no idea of what kind of
programs to build, my ignorance is holding me back in my opinion.

Any response is welcomed, but I do ask if you are critical of me, please
offer a method for me to improve the deficiency / deficiencies I have.
Thank you so much for reading my inquiry :)


When I felt I was ready to start doing some work, I got involved in an 
open source project. It's definitely an experience! Try going through 
http://freshmeat.net/ and remake a few things. Can't really recommend 
anything else, fresh out of ideas too ;-)


~Corey
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Re: [Tutor] Exercise suggestions

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/22/2011 03:09 PM, David Hutto wrote:

When I felt I was ready to start doing some work, I got involved in an open
source project. It's definitely an experience! Try going through
http://freshmeat.net/


Isn't that for those that aren't given real apprenticeship?:)



Programming is my hobby, not my profession. Also given the fact that 
I've yet to graduate high school, OS was the way to go for me.


~Corey
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Re: [Tutor] The trap of the year

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/25/2011 04:28 PM, Karim wrote:
> 
> Hello Bob,
> 
> I know this fact for function but in this case this is not a function
> but a constructor method of a class.

To be pedantic, a method _is_ a function, just under the umbrella of a
class, with it's parent object being passed to it.
~Corey

> The impact is not the same because all instance share the same argument
> parameter.This a kind
> of singleton argument :-) . I believed that the constructor will create
> each time a new argument init.
> 
> 
> Regards
> Karim
> 


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Re: [Tutor] placing widgets

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/25/2011 04:31 PM, W S wrote:
> hi, i have written some Tk/Python code to do a few simple tasks, and am 
> having 
> trouble with my combobox placement on the frame.  is there a way to more 
> explicitly place it other than:  This method does not give a lot of control
> xx=apply(OptionMenu,(self,TCase)+tuple(TestCase))
> xx.grid(row=1, sticky=E+W)

You can use place (http://effbot.org/tkinterbook/place.htm). Never had
the occasion to use it, but you may find it useful.
~Corey
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Re: [Tutor] extracting text from word files (.doc, .docx) and pdf

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/25/2011 04:52 PM, Juan Jose Del Toro wrote:
> Dear List;
> 
> I am looking for a way to extract parts of a text from word (.doc,.docx)
> files as well as pdf; the idea is to walk through the whole directory tree
> and populate a csv file with an excerpt from each file.
> For PDF I found PyPdf ave found nothing to read
> doc, docx
> 
> 
> 
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A docx file is a compressed XML file (or groups of files). I don't know
if there is a python module for it, but you could probably whip up your
own. I know 7z on Windows will extract a .docx (probably anything can if
you point to it, not sure). From there you'll need to explore the
structure and how Microsoft decided to use XML. ElementTree would
probably be useful here. Not sure about a doc file, a simple dd of a doc
file shows some garbage (probably useful for formatting ;-) as well as
the text. I found
http://code.activestate.com/recipes/279003-converting-word-documents-to-text/
.
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Re: [Tutor] class question

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/25/2011 06:26 PM, Elwin Estle wrote:
> Is it better to have one large sort of "do it all" class, or break the larger 
> class up into smaller classes?  Seems to me like the one large class would be 
> clearer in some ways.  I have something I am trying to do that have somewhere 
> in the neighborhood of 20 attributes that all relate together, however there 
> are sort of "clumps" of attributes that have a sub-relationship to each other 
> and I wondered if they should be their own class, but I am not sure, assuming 
> that is a good idea, how these smaller classes might work together.  I have 
> only the foggiest notion of inheritance and I'd kind of like to stay away 
> from that aspect of things until I get a better grasp of individual classes.
> 

If you're just learning, go ahead and make a 'do it all' class. Don't do
it later in your growth as a programmer though.

Inheritance works like this:

class Parent:
def __init__(self):
print "Parent initialised"

class Child(Parent):
pass

The parenthesis set the superclass or parent class. If you now do:

c = Child()

You should see "Parent initialised" printed to the terminal. It makes
all the 'parents' methods available to it. You can think of it as
copying all the code from the parent class into the child class. You can
overwrite the methods too:

class Animal:
def speak(self):
print self.noise

class Pig(Animal):
def __init__(self):
self.noise = "Oink!"

pig = Pig()
pig.speak()

Hope it helped,
~Corey
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Re: [Tutor] class question

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/25/2011 08:50 PM, Steven D'Aprano wrote:
> Corey Richardson wrote:
>> On 01/25/2011 06:26 PM, Elwin Estle wrote:
>>> Is it better to have one large sort of "do it all" class, or break
>>> the larger class up into smaller classes?
> 
>> If you're just learning, go ahead and make a 'do it all' class. Don't do
>> it later in your growth as a programmer though.
> 
> Learn bad habits first, then spend years trying to break them!
> 
> *wink*


Hey, gotta learn the concepts first, right? ;-)
I remember my first "substantial" program, hangman! Quite a mess.
Excerpt:

def getlist3(self):
list3 = []
for i in range(5):
list3.append(self.gameWord[i])
self.list3 = list3

I don't even remember what list3 is. I have a whole function for a list
comprehension!

self.list3 = [char for (idx, char) in enumerate(gameWord) if
  gameWord.index(char, idx) < 5]

(list3 happened to be the hint characters given, remembered while doing)

Just proof that it doesn't have to take years, it could take months.
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Re: [Tutor] The trap of the year

[Corey Richardson]

On 01/25/2011 06:49 PM, Steven D'Aprano wrote:
> Corey Richardson wrote:
> 
>> To be pedantic, a method _is_ a function, just under the umbrella of a
>> class, with it's parent object being passed to it.
> 
> To be even more pedantic, a method object is a wrapper (technically, a
> descriptor) around a function object. It's also slightly different
> between Python 2 and Python 3. Python 2 has bound and unbound method
> wrappers, depending on whether you call class.method or instance.method,
> but Python 3 gets rid of unbound methods and just returns the function
> object when you call class.method.
> 
> And of course, there are also "class methods" and "static methods", as
> well as custom-built method types.
> 
> Descriptors are fundamental to Python, but they're for advanced users.
> You can treat methods as just functions, except that they automatically
> get the first argument (usually called "self") automatically supplied.
> 
> 

Learning something every day, thank you Steven.

~Corey
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Re: [Tutor] Composing lists from both items and other lists

[Corey Richardson]

On 02/01/2011 03:40 PM, John Simon wrote:
> I'm looking for a way to flatten lists inside a list literal, kind of like
> this:
> 
 start = '('
 end = ')'
 items = ['abc', '+', 'def']
 [start, *items, end]
> ['(', 'abc', '+', 'def', ')']
> 
> Of course, the star doesn't work there. Is there any easy,
> syntactically-lightweight way to get that output?
> 
> Thanks,
> John
> 

Look into list comprehensions:

http://docs.python.org/tutorial/datastructures.html#list-comprehensions

You could use:
[start, [item for item in items], end]

But then you will have a nested list, which probably doesn't lend itself
to what you want. I myself don't know how to get rid of that, maybe some
of the gurus on this list know how.
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Re: [Tutor] Composing lists from both items and other lists

[Corey Richardson]

On 02/01/2011 06:23 PM, Andre Engels wrote:
> On Tue, Feb 1, 2011 at 9:40 PM, John Simon  wrote:
>> I'm looking for a way to flatten lists inside a list literal, kind of like
>> this:
>>
> start = '('
> end = ')'
> items = ['abc', '+', 'def']
> [start, *items, end]
>> ['(', 'abc', '+', 'def', ')']
>> Of course, the star doesn't work there. Is there any easy,
>> syntactically-lightweight way to get that output?
> 
> Is:
> 
> [start] + items + [end]
> 
> lightweight enough?
> 

That's what I was looking for. The simplest things sometimes go right
over my head... Ignore my other post, but list comprehensions are a
useful thing to know.

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Re: [Tutor] print "Hello, World!"

[Corey Richardson]

On 2/2/2011 9:00 PM, Doug Marvel wrote:
> [snip]
>
> I am hoping for a link to a somewhat comprehensive online resource
> that explains from the beginning in English, plain English, as this is
> the only language I speak. Something to get my foot in the door would
> be awesome.
>
>
> Cheers,
> Doug Marvel

When I started out I used Alan Gauld's wonderful tutor:
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/tutor/index.htm

It references Python 2.3, but the same things apply for 2.6 as well.
What I like about that site is that it doesn't skip anything, and goes
into more advanced topics at the end.
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[Tutor] P2PU Python Challenges

[Corey Richardson]

In my journeys across the face of the Internet, I found this:
http://p2pu.org/general/python-challenges

Not sure what it's really going to be, but any new programmers/people
looking for something to do might be interested. I'm not quite sure how
a class can be organised around a web riddle, but it's there so someone
must have figured it out.

Just thought I'd share.
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Re: [Tutor] python packaging systems

[Corey Richardson]

On 02/09/2011 11:17 PM, Bill Allen wrote:
> I have found there are a few systems available to package Python programs as
> standalone programs for distribution.   Do the folks here have any
> recommendation or comment on any of these?
> 
> Thanks,
> --Bill
> 

I found cx_Freeze to be the most useful, because it supported Python 3.
The mailing list is also very helpful.

~Corey
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[Tutor] Python + Sound

[Corey Richardson]

Hello Tutors,

I'm working on a small script that compresses a file, sends it through
the telephone, and then receives and decompresses the file on the other
end. The compression is the easy part. The transmission is the hard
part. If anyone has worked with sound before, what do you recommend?
I've tried out audiere (didn't really work out) and alsaaudio (not quite
sure that it was working like I wanted to, probably an ID-10t error).
I'm doing this for a number of reasons including boredom and something
new that I've never seen before (too young to remember archaic things
like 'dial-up').

I don't really want to use the wave module because it looks like too
much work. I like the alsaaudio interface of p.write(data), but I didn't
really know what data was supposed to be (probably should read up on PCM
devices?)

So, what should I use? I can use different things different ways too, I
don't need one module for sending and one for recording.

Thank you,
~Corey
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Re: [Tutor] Python + Sound

[Corey Richardson]

On 02/12/2011 01:10 AM, David Hutto wrote:
> for some reason, if you're on linux, I wanna say use python's
> subprocess, and man pppd. also look into proc and a thread in the
> archives I did a while back.

The point is to specifically transmit the data as sound, and then turn
the sound back into the gzipped file. If I were doing this for anything
other than my own entertainment and education, I'd do it some way that
made sense :-)
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Re: [Tutor] Python + Sound

[Corey Richardson]

On 02/12/2011 01:26 AM, David Hutto wrote:
> On Sat, Feb 12, 2011 at 1:24 AM, David Hutto  wrote:
>>> The point is to specifically transmit the data as sound, and then turn
>>> the sound back into the gzipped file. If I were doing this for anything
>>> other than my own entertainment and education, I'd do it some way that
>>> made sense :-)
>>>
>>
>> Do you mean just a wav file, and then send it to someone?
> 
> You want to have a sound file, gzip it, and then gunzip it on the other end?

I have any file, gzip it, turn it to a sound file, and then gunzip it on
the other end. Using tones to specify bit patterns, I'll work that out
after I get to the point where I can output sound.
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Re: [Tutor] Python + Sound

[Corey Richardson]

On 02/12/2011 02:27 AM, Steven D'Aprano wrote:
> Corey Richardson wrote:
>> Hello Tutors,
>>
>> I'm working on a small script that compresses a file, sends it through
>> the telephone, and then receives and decompresses the file on the other
>> end. The compression is the easy part. The transmission is the hard
>> part. If anyone has worked with sound before, what do you recommend?
> 
> [snip of excellent help and advice]
> 
> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP/IP_model
> http://www.howstuffworks.com/modem.htm
> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modem
> 
> and this may entertain, and help:
> http://www.joelonsoftware.com/articles/LeakyAbstractions.html
> 

Always been a fan of Joel's articles.

> 
> Of course this can be done -- otherwise we wouldn't have the Internet!
> But my guess is that doing this in pure Python will be so slow it will
> be almost faster for you to copy the file onto a USB stick and
> hand-deliver it to the other end. But if you insist...

Well, I'm still on my way to learning other languages, Java (which I
hate) and soon I begin my voyage onwards into C. I figure once I get
something working in a tool I know how to use well, I'll be able to get
it done in a tool that I /don't/ know as well.

> 
> * Your compressed file is a bunch of bytes. You need to come up with
>   a scheme for encoding that to sound. This needs to be reversible
>   and designed to work on low-fidelity systems (phone networks).
>   The obvious way is to have one tone represent a one-bit, and another
>   *very different* tone represent a two-bit. See also "frequency
>   modulation" and "amplitude modulation".
> 
> * Because of noise on the line, you need a scheme for error correction.
>   Google for "Error correcting codes" for more information.
> 
> * The sender and receiver need a way to notify each other that they
>   are ready to start transmitting data. This is called a handshake.
>   Otherwise, you risk losing data from the ends of the transmission.
> 
> You described this as "a small script" -- it might be so far, but by the
> time you finish it will be huge.
> 
>> I don't really want to use the wave module because it looks like too
>> much work.
> 
> Pardon me while I chortle :)

Merely one aspect of a larger whole that I expected to be much more
complex - I didn't want to spend all my time working on sound encoding.
I think I have much more realistic view on it now.

Thank you _so much_ for the help. I truly appreciate it, you've given me
much more perspective, and I'll need to consider carefully my next
steps. Probably quite a bit of time at the drawing board!
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Re: [Tutor] Backpropagation Learning in Python

[Corey Richardson]

On 02/13/2011 03:54 AM, Jaidev Deshpande wrote:
> Dear All
> 
> Please suggest a link to tutorials for backpropagation and other neural
> network training algorithms through Python.
> 
> Any other commentary is welcome, as I am new to both Python and Neural
> Networks.
> 
>


http://lmgtfy.com/?q=neural+networking+in+python
http://lmgtfy.com/?q=backpropagation+in+python


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Re: [Tutor] Having Troubles with For Loops

[Corey Richardson]

On 02/19/2011 01:06 PM, jyatesster wrote:
> I am refreshing my memory of Python programming after taking a class this
> past fall. I am using the book, *Python Programming for the absolute
> beginner*. I am at chapter 4, challenge 4 which instructs me to create a
> program that picks a random word and the player has to guess the word. The
> computer tells the player how mnay letters are in the word. Then the player
> gets five chances to ask if a letter is in the word. The computer can only
> respond with "yes" or "no." Then, the player must guess the word.
> 
> Here is what I have so far. I think I am doing something wrong with the for
> loops as the program is not reading whether the letter is in the constant
> and giving the appropriate response.
>  [snip]

You're going about it wrong. You should look into the len() function.
For example:

print("This word has %d letters" % (len(word)) )
for i in range(5):
letter = input("Guess a letter: ")
if letter.lower() in word.lower():
print("Yes")
else:
print("No")

Your for loops in the end don't do what you think they do.

for letter in XYLOPHONES: # Loops through XYLOPHONES
if letter.lower() not in XYLOPHONES: # Always will return false,
print("No")# because you are looping through the word itself
# etc.

You are also mixing Python 3's print() with Python 2's raw_input(), so
it's hard to tell which you are using. I'm assuming Python 2 because you
didn't report the raw_input() failing. If that's the case, you don't
need the ()'s around the text you are printing.

I also suggest you look into lists and list indexing. You should go
through the Python Tutorial [0] if you haven't before.

[0] - http://docs.python.org/tutorial/
-- 
Corey Richardson

I've never known any trouble which an hour's
reading didn't assuage.
-Charles De Secondat
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Re: [Tutor] how to connect to Django's irc

[Corey Richardson]

On 02/20/2011 01:03 PM, shaheryar ali wrote:
> hi guys,
> 
> does anyone know how to connect to the Django's irc,
> As django is based on python there asking from you guys,
> 
> 
> thanks
> 

Point your favorite client at irc.freenode.net or use
http://webchat.freenode.net/. #django

You'll have better luck with django-specific questions on the django
mailing list.

-- 
Corey Richardson

I've never known any trouble which an hour's
reading didn't assuage.
-Charles De Secondat
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Re: [Tutor] comparing strings

[Corey Richardson]

On 02/23/2011 10:22 PM, Edward Martinez wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I'm new to the list and programming.
> i have a question, why when i evaluate strings ie 'a' > '3' it reports 
> true,  how does python come up with  that?

Welcome! As far as I know, it compares the value of the ord()'s.

>>>ord('a')
97
>>>ord('3')
51

This is their number in the ASCII system. You can also do this:

>>>chr(97)
'a'
>>>chr(51)
'3'

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Re: [Tutor] Dictionnaries in object

[Corey Richardson]

On 02/24/2011 01:58 PM, Christopher Brookes wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I want to create some powers in my fight program.
> I want to know if dictionnaries is the best solution to do it.
> 
> For now its look like this :
> 
> 
> //French name and description, don't care about it ;)
> 
> power1= {}
> power1['Name'] = 'Flammes infernales'
> power1['Description'] = 'Embrase lenemi et le feu bruler'
> 
> power2= {}
> power2['Name'] = 'Froid devorant'
> power2['Description'] = 'Gele lenemi sur place'
> 
> powerAll= [power1,power2]
> 
> but if i want to create like 20 powers, it will be long no ? is there any
> solution shorter (and better ?)
> 
> Thank you for reading,

powerAll = {"Flammes infernales": "Embrase lenemi et le feu bruler",
"Froid devorant": "Gele lenemi sur place"}

Have it implicit that the key is the name and the value is the
description. That's how I would do it, at least.

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Re: [Tutor] comparing strings

[Corey Richardson]

On 02/25/2011 02:53 AM, Edward Martinez wrote:
>  Thanks for the reply. i now understand that python uses either 
> ASCll or Unicode to compare and to do other things

1. Those are i's, not l's.
2. The first 128 characters of Unicode are the same as the only 128
characters of unicode.

Check out http://qcpages.qc.cuny.edu/~nixon/links/asciiUnicode.html

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Re: [Tutor] accessing another system's environment

[Corey Richardson]

On 02/25/2011 04:49 AM, Steven D'Aprano wrote:
> Alan Gauld wrote:
> 
>> Anything you can do locally you can do on the remote
>> machine with a combination of ssh, rsh, rlogin, telnet etc.
> 
> I'd like to remove a CD from the CD drive, and replace it with a 
> different disk.
> 
> 
> Being difficult just for the sake of it-ly y'rs,

And at that point, the all-encompassing "etc." steps in ;-)


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Re: [Tutor] Running Existing Python

[Corey Richardson]

On 02/25/2011 06:42 PM, Justin Bonnell wrote:
> I downloaded Python 2.7.1. I think this is a pretty basic question.
> When I try to run the existing python files on the computer (hello.py), I 
> receive a syntax error. 
> 
> Python 2.7.1 (r271:86882M, Nov 30 2010, 10:35:34) 
> [GCC 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5664)] on darwin
> Type "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.
>>>> python hello.py
> SyntaxError: invalid syntax
> 
> I am running Mac OS X version 10.6.6.
> Shouldn't I be able to run hello.py from the IDLE interpreter?

You need to run "python hello.py" in a terminal window, not from the
Python interpreter. If you are using IDLE, you can File > Open hello.py
and hit F5 to run it... I don't know if that advice applies to Mac,
might be different key strokes.

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Re: [Tutor] scripts search

[Corey Richardson]

On 02/25/2011 03:20 PM, Victor Binns wrote:
> 
> Hello I am fairly new to python.
>  
> I have a small business and I wanted to use python in my business.  I have a 
> need for an 
> Employee Time and Attendance software.
>  
> Is there any python scripts out there that can do the trick?
>  

I don't know of any and a google didn't return favorable results. You'll
have to write it yourself. Luckily, Python is one of the more simple
languages and you should have a fairly easy time writing it.

Check out http://www.alan-g.me.uk/tutor/index.htm if you haven't
programmed before, and if you have, try this:
http://docs.python.org/tutorial/

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[Tutor] Cross-Module Interaction

[Corey Richardson]

Greetings, Tutors

(Sorry for the poor subject name, couldn't think of anything better)

I'm writing a MUD server as part of a school project. Yes this is
homework, but I'm not taking a traditional programming class (going
through the OCW for CS50 at Harvard and getting credit).

I'm in the design phase and am testing out a few things. One thing I
will definitely need is a global players_online collection which will
act much like the name implies.

My first thought was to have a module specifically for holding things
like that, global objects that all the interacting modules need access
to. I did a simple test with a lib module, and then a few modules that
simply added things to a list called g in that lib module, but the
changes did not persist (tested with another module that printed the
contents of lib.g)

I'm probably thinking about this from the wrong direction. Is there
something about this approach that I'm missing, or is there a different
way I should be using?

(If you're curious about the telephone data-transfer I was working on, I
ran into too much trouble with the various sound libraries that exist to
wrap over Alsa or JACK, so I put it off for the future after I'm more
comfortable with C/C++)
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Re: [Tutor] Cross-Module Interaction

[Corey Richardson]

On 02/26/2011 12:11 AM, Steven D'Aprano wrote:
> [steve@sylar ~]$ python
> Python 2.5 (r25:51908, Nov  6 2007, 16:54:01)
> [GCC 4.1.2 20070925 (Red Hat 4.1.2-27)] on linux2
> Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>  >>> import lib
>  >>> import a
>  >>> lib.g
> []
>  >>> a.do_stuff()
>  >>> lib.g
> [42]
> 
> 
> Of course, when your application exists (or in this case, the 
> interactive session), the changes to lib.g will be lost because they 
> only exist in memory. If you want data to persist across application 
> runs, you need to arrange for the application to save the data to disk, 
> and then read it again when it starts up.

Aha, that explains why I didn't get any results. Each file got its own
interpreter instance.

> 
> Python has many tools for working with persistent data: Windows-style 
> ini files (module config parser), XML, JSON, Mac-style plists, YAML 
> (third-party module only), and pickles, to name only a few.

In any case everything would be called in one interpreter, which I
didn't know worked because I didn't test it like you showed it, but to
be safe I definitely need to persist that data every once in a while.

I'm slightly concerned about performance when it comes to
reading/writing to disk a lot when doing things like that, since if this
thing ever needs to scale I want it to be able to do that.

Thank you, Steven
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Re: [Tutor] Cross-Module Interaction

[Corey Richardson]

On 02/26/2011 06:02 AM, Walter Prins wrote:
> On 26 February 2011 05:33, Corey Richardson  wrote:
> 
>> Aha, that explains why I didn't get any results. Each file got its own
>> interpreter instance.
>>
> 
> Not wanting to nit pick, but no: It's not that each *file* does has its own
> interpreter instance, it's that every python instance that you start does
> not automatically persist anything that gets created while it lives. In
> other words, you can import many modules (files) into any given interpreter
> instance, but whether or not the stuff gets persisted anywhere is a seperate
> matter.
> 
> Walter
> 

I ran them like this:
python use1.py
python use2.py
python plib.py

Each file got its own instance of the interpreter.

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Re: [Tutor] Cross-Module Interaction

[Corey Richardson]

On 02/26/2011 06:05 AM, Walter Prins wrote:
> I'd be tempted to say you should not be worrying about such performance
> issues at this stage.  

Indeed, but I can't have every piece of variable information being saved
to disk and then read back again every time a player leaves or enters a
room, that'd just be silly!

Playing MUD's for a bit it gets annoying on a medium-size server when
you have to wait more than 3 seconds just to get how much health you
have after attacking some baddie. I won't be trying to pull every
microsecond of efficiency out of this, but I would like it to be
sensible and now waste time dawdling.

(And the full quote is "We should forget about *small* efficiencies, say
about 97% of the time: premature optimization is the root of all evil."
(emphasis added))

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Re: [Tutor] Running Existing Python

[Corey Richardson]

On 02/26/2011 04:10 PM, Justin Bonnell wrote:

> --This is the location of the file:
> 
>   /jwbonnell/bin/Python 2.7/Extras/Demo/tkinter/guido/hello.py
> 
> but it still says it cannot find the directory when I try to run it or cd to 
> it. Is there any way that I can tell which directory the shell is currently 
> working from?

At the terminal, the command "pwd" , print working directory, should do
the trick.

If you cannot cd to the directory, that's generally a pretty big hint
that the directory doesn't exist ;-)

But yet you can see it in your file browser? That's most curious.

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Re: [Tutor] Running Existing Python

[Corey Richardson]

On 02/26/2011 04:32 PM, Justin Bonnell wrote:
> --My current working directory is not what I have been trying to cd to, so 
> I'm assuming that I am using the cd command wrong. 
> 
> I have tried:
> 
> $ cd /jwbonnell/bin/Python\2.7/Extras/Demo/tkinter/guido
> $ cd /jwbonnell/bin/Python\2.7/Extras/Demo/tkinter/guido/hello.py
> $ cd /jwbonnell/bin/Python 2.7/Extras/Demo/tkinter/guido/hello.py
> 

Alas, you still do it wrong. You don't just replace the space with a
backslash, you put a slash _before_ the space. Or like Steven (I think
it was) suggested, put it in quotes.



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Re: [Tutor] python module to search a website

[Corey Richardson]

On 02/26/2011 10:11 PM, vineeth wrote:
> Hello all,
> 
> I am looking forward for a python module to search a website and extract 
> the url.

What website, what is it searching for, and what URL is it looking for?

> 
> For example I found a module for Amazon with the name "amazonproduct", 
> the api does the job of extracting the data based on the query it even 
> parses the url data. I am looking some more similar query search python 
> module for other websites like Amazon.

The only module I found for amazon-product was a python interface to
Amazon's advertising API. What data does it extract, what query, and
which URL does it parse? From what I found that module uses the API to
search the website, a service provided by Amazon and not something
Python is doing itself.

You may want to look into urlparse and urllib2, for parsing URLs and
opening websites respectively.

http://docs.python.org/library/urlparse.html
http://docs.python.org/library/urllib2.html

If that isn't what you're looking for, you'll need to be a bit more
descriptive.

If you are going to be parsing the HTML and then searching for specific
elements you might look into BeautifulSoup.

-- 
Corey Richardson
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Re: [Tutor] Generator expressions...

[Corey Richardson]

On 02/27/2011 04:34 PM, Modulok wrote:
> 
> import hashlib
> 
> fd = open('/dev/urandom', 'rb')
> gen = (hashlib.sha256(i).hexdigest() for i in fd.read(4096))
> 

I think the problem is that you're only reading 4096 bits (bytes? No
idea), and iterating through that. I could be wrong.

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Re: [Tutor] Timer with exe command

[Corey Richardson]

On 02/27/2011 10:02 PM, Kaden McLaws wrote:
> I would like to set up the following using python: A timer that is activated 
> when a user logs on to our computer, then shuts the computer down when the 
> timer runs out (no matter what, ending all programs). First, a raw input is 
> used, so that if you know the password, you may shut off the timer (set for 
> 90 mins). Otherwise, it is activated. This is a timer to be used so 
> (anonymous) can only spend 90 mins playing Modern Warfare, and not hours upon 
> end like he does. I was also wondering about parsing. It would be effective 
> if the last time the timer activated was recorded in a txt file, logged, so 
> that the program can check and ensure that the last time the timer ended was 
> at least 12 hours ago, so the computer just isnt turned right back on for 
> another 90 mins repeatedly.Is there also a way to run the python hidden in 
> the background so he cannot just figure out how to close it?If you aren't 
> sure off all the details, email me back. Thanks for helping me save 
> (anonymous) from w
asting too much time on MW2! :)

http://docs.python.org/library/time.html#time.sleep
http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/using/helpandsupport/learnmore/ballew_commandline.mspx
(See "Shut Down the System")
http://docs.python.org/whatsnew/2.2.html?highlight=pyw (scroll down)
http://www.tutorial5.com/content/view/157/47/
http://docs.python.org/tutorial/inputoutput.html#reading-and-writing-files

Should be everything you need.

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Re: [Tutor] Timer with exe command

[Corey Richardson]

On 02/28/2011 03:30 PM, Corey Richardson wrote:
> On 02/27/2011 10:02 PM, Kaden McLaws wrote:
>> I would like to set up the following using python: A timer that is activated 
>> when a user logs on to our computer, then shuts the computer down when the 
>> timer runs out (no matter what, ending all programs). First, a raw input is 
>> used, so that if you know the password, you may shut off the timer (set for 
>> 90 mins). Otherwise, it is activated. This is a timer to be used so 
>> (anonymous) can only spend 90 mins playing Modern Warfare, and not hours 
>> upon end like he does. I was also wondering about parsing. It would be 
>> effective if the last time the timer activated was recorded in a txt file, 
>> logged, so that the program can check and ensure that the last time the 
>> timer ended was at least 12 hours ago, so the computer just isnt turned 
>> right back on for another 90 mins repeatedly.Is there also a way to run the 
>> python hidden in the background so he cannot just figure out how to close 
>> it?If you aren't sure off all the details, email me back. Thanks for helping 
>> me save (anonymous) from 
w
> asting too much time on MW2! :)
> 
> [...]
> 
> Should be everything you need.
> 

Oh, and

http://docs.python.org/library/subprocess.html

I partially disagree with Wayne, it is certainly doable, and isn't too
too hard, but it will certainly take some doing without any Python
knowledge, so do take the time to learn.

I suggest http://www.alan-g.me.uk/l2p/
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[Tutor] Homework Problem Flaming (was: Help!)

[Corey Richardson]

On 03/03/2011 04:58 PM, James Reynolds wrote:
> You are almost assuredly going to get flamed for not having a descriptive
> title and for asking what is obviously homework questions
> 

Maybe for not having a descriptive title, but there's nothing wrong with
coming to the list with homework!

The requirements are that you've put some work into it, you show your
code, you say what is should be doing that it isn't, and that you
explain what you've tried doing previously. At least, those are what I
look for. Even better that he said right up front that it was homework.

With homework problems, instead of saying "Hey, replace lines 42-48 with
foo", saying "Look into the bar module, it bazifies the proper value for
you". Teaching people to learn better for themselves instead of
hand-feeding them the answers. This list does a really good job with it,
IMO.


-- 
Corey Richardson
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Re: [Tutor] multiple if and or statement

[Corey Richardson]

On 03/14/2011 03:41 PM, Mike Franon wrote:
> HI,
> 
> I had a question, when running this small snippet of test code:
> 
> 
> 
> a = ['test1', 'flag', 'monday']
> 
> for i in a:
> if i == 'test1' or 'test2':

if i == 'test1' or i == 'test2'

>print 'true'
> I know I am missing something, but in reality it should only print
> true once correct?

You are missing something. Before, you're simply testing the existence
of 'test2'. And since 'test2' is an immediate value (so to speak), it
always exists.

-- 
Corey Richardson
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