[Tutor] urllib2 issue getting realm
Hi everybody,
I am trying to use a very simple piece of code to get the realm from
different HTTPS URLs.
This realm is essential for successful authentication on the HTTPS session.
If have to run this for a few different hosts and capture the realm.
For one host, it works perfectly, but when I try the same code to get the
next realm, it fails. I suspect that I need to close some type of
connections or something, but I can't put my finger on it.
This what I try:
>>> ips = ['192.168.10.190', '192.168.10.191', '192.168.10.192',
'192.168.10.193']
>>> URL = "https://%s/axis-cgi/jpg/image.cgi?resolution=1280x800";
>>> import urllib2
>>> try:
... req = urllib2.Request(URL % ips[0])
... handle = urllib2.urlopen(req)
... except IOError, e:
... print `e`
...
HTTPError()
>>>
>>> e
HTTPError()
>>> authline = e.headers.get('www-authenticate', '')
>>> authline
'Digest realm="AXIS_00408CB71F14",
nonce="0002c497Y6450989253d0ea85587e89821031c60ab9768", stale=FALSE,
qop="auth", Basic realm="AXIS_00408CB71F14"'
>>>
>>> handle
File "", line 1, in
''' : name 'handle' is not defined '''
>>> req
>>> req.host
'192.168.10.190'
>>>
At this point, I am happy. It worked. I expect the try to fail to get the
exception.
For the next one:
>>> try:
... req = urllib2.Request(URL % ips[1])
... handle = urllib2.urlopen(req)
... except IOError, e:
... print `e`
...
>>>
See, no "e" printed which means that something worked. The exception didn't
happen and I don't know why...Anybody?
I tried doing this:
>>> del req
>>> del handle
>>> del e
But with the same result:
>>> try:
... req = urllib2.Request(URL % ips[1])
... handle = urllib2.urlopen(req)
... except IOError, e:
... print `e`
...
>>> e
File "", line 1, in
''' : name 'e' is not defined '''
>>> req
>>> handle
>
Regards
Johan
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Re: [Tutor] urllib2 issue getting realm
On 31 August 2011 09:46, Johan Geldenhuys wrote: > I am trying to use a very simple piece of code to get the realm from > different HTTPS URLs. > > This realm is essential for successful authentication on the HTTPS session. I think you got 2 things mixed up, http authentication and encrypted http (https). Just having a https url does not mean you need to authenticate. Take 'https://mail.google.com' as an example. > If have to run this for a few different hosts and capture the realm. > For one host, it works perfectly, but when I try the same code to get the > next realm, it fails. I suspect that I need to close some type of > connections or something, but I can't put my finger on it. > For the next one: > try: > ... req = urllib2.Request(URL % ips[1]) > ... handle = urllib2.urlopen(req) > ... except IOError, e: > ... print `e` > ... > > See, no "e" printed which means that something worked. The exception didn't > happen and I don't know why...Anybody? Yes, when you type the url into your browser. I suspect it does not ask you to authenticate via http authentication. Therefor no exception is raised and you never print the headers. Greets Sander ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] urllib2 issue getting realm
Johan Geldenhuys wrote: Hi everybody, I am trying to use a very simple piece of code to get the realm from different HTTPS URLs. This realm is essential for successful authentication on the HTTPS session. What happens if you paste https://192.168.10.191/axis-cgi/jpg/image.cgi?resolution=1280x800 into a web browser? -- Steven ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] urllib2 issue getting realm
Focusing on the code below, do you know why it would raise the exception for the first IP and not for the second? Thank you Johan Sent from my iPhone 4 On 31/08/2011, at 22:09, Sander Sweers wrote: > On 31 August 2011 09:46, Johan Geldenhuys wrote: >> I am trying to use a very simple piece of code to get the realm from >> different HTTPS URLs. >> >> This realm is essential for successful authentication on the HTTPS session. > > I think you got 2 things mixed up, http authentication and encrypted > http (https). Just having a https url does not mean you need to > authenticate. Take 'https://mail.google.com' as an example. > >> If have to run this for a few different hosts and capture the realm. >> For one host, it works perfectly, but when I try the same code to get the >> next realm, it fails. I suspect that I need to close some type of >> connections or something, but I can't put my finger on it. > > >> For the next one: >> > try: >> ... req = urllib2.Request(URL % ips[1]) >> ... handle = urllib2.urlopen(req) >> ... except IOError, e: >> ... print `e` >> ... > >> >> See, no "e" printed which means that something worked. The exception didn't >> happen and I don't know why...Anybody? > > Yes, when you type the url into your browser. I suspect it does not > ask you to authenticate via http authentication. Therefor no exception > is raised and you never print the headers. > > Greets > Sander > ___ > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org > To unsubscribe or change subscription options: > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] urllib2 issue getting realm
On 31 August 2011 14:27, Johan Geldenhuys wrote: > On 31/08/2011, at 22:09, Sander Sweers wrote: >> On 31 August 2011 09:46, Johan Geldenhuys wrote: >>> I am trying to use a very simple piece of code to get the realm from >>> different HTTPS URLs. >>> >>> This realm is essential for successful authentication on the HTTPS session. >> >> I think you got 2 things mixed up, http authentication and encrypted >> http (https). Just having a https url does not mean you need to >> authenticate. Take 'https://mail.google.com' as an example. >> >>> If have to run this for a few different hosts and capture the realm. >>> For one host, it works perfectly, but when I try the same code to get the >>> next realm, it fails. I suspect that I need to close some type of >>> connections or something, but I can't put my finger on it. >> >> >>> For the next one: >>> >> try: >>> ... req = urllib2.Request(URL % ips[1]) >>> ... handle = urllib2.urlopen(req) >>> ... except IOError, e: >>> ... print `e` >>> ... >> >>> >>> See, no "e" printed which means that something worked. The exception didn't >>> happen and I don't know why...Anybody? >> >> Yes, when you type the url into your browser. I suspect it does not >> ask you to authenticate via http authentication. Therefor no exception >> is raised and you never print the headers. Top posting is evil ;-). > Focusing on the code below, do you know why it would raise the exception for > the first > IP and not for the second? Run this and you should see which error is being raise. Do note we catch urllib2.HTTPError instead of IOError. try: req = urllib2.Request(URL % ips[1]) handle = urllib2.urlopen(req) print 'Success' print handle.getcode() print handle.headers except urllib2.HTTPError as e: print 'Exception caught' print e print e.getcode() print e.hdrs Greets Sander ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
[Tutor] Getting values from different functions (def's)
Hello list !!
I'm developing a Python GUI application. I alreday developed a very simple
window with buttons, each button will do a different task, but the most
important button will need to get information gotten in previous python's
functions. Let's say I have four functions but at the end I want to collet
all the information gotten.
from Tkinter import *
import tkSimpleDialog
import tkMessageBox
import tkFileDialog
def directorio():
print 'Seleccione directorio donde empezar'
dirname =
tkFileDialog.askdirectory(parent=root,initialdir="/",title='Selecciona la
ruta a escanear')
if len(dirname ) > 0:
print "You chose %s" % dirname
def extension():
print "Escribe la extension que necesitas buscar"
ext=tkSimpleDialog.askstring('Extension a buscar:','')
print 'Buscando archivos: ',ext
def csv():
print "Nombre del csv a crear"
inv=tkSimpleDialog.askstring('Nombre de .csv:','')
print 'Archivo de salida: ',inv
def boton4():
#In this button I want to make a bigger process, but I need the root
selected and the two strings the user types.
print csv.inv #Obviously this throws an error
root = Tk()
top = Toplevel()
root.minsize(400,200)
toolbar = Frame(root)
b = Button(toolbar, text="Selecciona ruta", width=15, command=directorio)
b.pack(side=LEFT, padx=2, pady=2)
b = Button(toolbar, text="Escriba extension", width=15, command=extension)
b.pack(side=LEFT, padx=2, pady=2)
b = Button(toolbar, text="Nombre de csv", width=15, command=csv)
b.pack(side=LEFT, padx=2, pady=2)
b = Button(toolbar, text="Salir", width=6, command=boton4)
b.pack(side=LEFT, padx=2, pady=2)
toolbar.pack(side=TOP, fill=X)
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Re: [Tutor] Getting values from different functions (def's)
On 31/08/11 18:17, Susana Iraiis Delgado Rodriguez wrote:
Hello list !!
I'm developing a Python GUI application. I alreday developed a very
simple window with buttons, each button will do a different task, but
the most important button will need to get information gotten in
previous python's functions. Let's say I have four functions but at the
end I want to collet all the information gotten.
Instead of (or as well as) printing the data you will need to store it
in variables. Then you can use those variables in the other function.
from Tkinter import *
import tkSimpleDialog
import tkMessageBox
import tkFileDialog
# define storage variables
dir = ""
extn = ""
csv_name = ""
def directorio():
global dir# need to specify the global one
print 'Seleccione directorio donde empezar'
dirname = > tkFileDialog.askdirectory(parent=root,
initialdir="/",
title='Selecciona > la ruta a escanear')
if len(dirname ) > 0:
print "You chose %s" % dirname
dir = dirname # store the value
def extension():
global extn
print "Escribe la extension que necesitas buscar"
ext=tkSimpleDialog.askstring('Extension a buscar:','')
print 'Buscando archivos: ',ext
extn = ext
def csv():
global csv_name
print "Nombre del csv a crear"
inv=tkSimpleDialog.askstring('Nombre de .csv:','')
print 'Archivo de salida: ',inv
csv_name = inv
def boton4():
#In this button I want to make a bigger process, but I need the root
selected and the two strings the user types.
print csv.inv #Obviously this throws an error
print dir,csv_name,extn
But course in a GUI you would normally not use print but instead
populate the text field of a label or Text widget or some such
device.
--
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
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[Tutor] Quote of the Day version 1.0
I made some headway on the quote of the day program. I just tried to
do it simple using two assumptions:
- long quotes are going to print funny until I figure out the string
splitting stuff
- hard coding the quotes and authors in the program is simple, and I
can use a spreadsheet to generate the strings when I put in the rest
of the quotes (I have a lot of them).
This code works. Now I just have to figure out:
- how to get Ubuntu to run it at startup
- how to associate .py files in Ubuntu to IDLE
Thanks for all who commented, I really appreciate it. Pyhton is fun!
# Quote_a_day_V1.py
#
# This program displays a random quotation
#
# Frank L. Palmeri August 31, 2011
import random
print("\n\tHere is today's quote of the day:\n")
author = (
"Kahlil Gibran",
"Henrik Ibsen",
"Dwight Eisenhower",
"Will Rogers",
"Will Rogers",
"Jean de LaFontaine",
"Eleanor Hibbert",
"Baruch Spinoza",
"Albert Camus",
"Thomas a Kempi"
)
quotation = (
"A candle loses nothing of its light when lighting another.",
"The strongest man in the world is he who stands most alone.",
"Leadership consists of nothing but taking responsibility for
everything that goes wrong and giving your subordinates credit for
everything that goes well.",
"Even if you're on the right track, you'll get run over if you
just sit there.",
"I belong to no organized party. I am a Democrat.",
"Patience and time do more than strength or passion.",
"Never regret. If it's good, it's wonderful. If it's bad, it's experience.",
"I have made a ceaseless effort not to ridicule, not to bewail,
not to scorn human actions, but to understand them.",
"In the depth of winter I finally learned there was in me an
invincible summer.",
"Who has a harder fight than he who is striving to overcome himself."
)
numAuthors = len(author)
printAuthor = random.randrange(numAuthors)
print(quotation[printAuthor])
print("by ", author[printAuthor])
input("\nPress the enter key to exit.")
--
Frank L. "Cranky Frankie" Palmeri
Risible Riding Raconteur & Writer
" . . . and the extended forecast,
until you come back to me, baby,
is high tonight, low tomorrow,
and precipitation is expected."
- Tom Waits, "Emotional Weather Report"
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Re: [Tutor] Quote of the Day version 1.0
-Original Message-
I made some headway on the quote of the day program. I just tried to
do it simple using two assumptions:
- long quotes are going to print funny until I figure out the string
splitting stuff
- hard coding the quotes and authors in the program is simple, and I
can use a spreadsheet to generate the strings when I put in the rest
of the quotes (I have a lot of them).
This code works. Now I just have to figure out:
- how to get Ubuntu to run it at startup
- how to associate .py files in Ubuntu to IDLE
Thanks for all who commented, I really appreciate it. Pyhton is fun!
# Quote_a_day_V1.py
#
# This program displays a random quotation
#
# Frank L. Palmeri August 31, 2011
import random
print("\n\tHere is today's quote of the day:\n")
author = (
"Kahlil Gibran",
"Henrik Ibsen",
"Dwight Eisenhower",
"Will Rogers",
"Will Rogers",
"Jean de LaFontaine",
"Eleanor Hibbert",
"Baruch Spinoza",
"Albert Camus",
"Thomas a Kempi"
)
quotation = (
"A candle loses nothing of its light when lighting another.",
"The strongest man in the world is he who stands most alone.",
"Leadership consists of nothing but taking responsibility for
everything that goes wrong and giving your subordinates credit for
everything that goes well.",
"Even if you're on the right track, you'll get run over if you
just sit there.",
"I belong to no organized party. I am a Democrat.",
"Patience and time do more than strength or passion.",
"Never regret. If it's good, it's wonderful. If it's bad, it's experience.",
"I have made a ceaseless effort not to ridicule, not to bewail,
not to scorn human actions, but to understand them.",
"In the depth of winter I finally learned there was in me an
invincible summer.",
"Who has a harder fight than he who is striving to overcome himself."
)
numAuthors = len(author)
printAuthor = random.randrange(numAuthors)
print(quotation[printAuthor])
print("by ", author[printAuthor])
input("\nPress the enter key to exit.")
I would suggest storing the authors and quotes in a list[] instead of a
tuple(). This will allow you make modifications directly to the list. Lists are
mutable (changeable) while tuples are not. This will leave you in better shape
if you decide to use pickle/shelve to store the lists in a file for reuse.
# tuple example
>>> t = (1,2,3)
>>> t
(1, 2, 3)
>>> t[0]
1
>>> t[0] = 5
TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment
# list example
>>> l = [1,2,3]
>>> l
[1, 2, 3]
>>> l[0]
1
>>> l[0] = 5
>>> l[0]
5
>>> l.append( 2100 ) # allows you to easily add new elements
>>> l
[5, 2, 3, 2100]
As for string splitting, storing the full string as you are is the best option.
You should leave your client (commandline/text, web, GUI) to decide what is
appropriate for splitting and where it should be split.
Although, if you want my opinion, I would probably create a quote class that
stores some information. This way it is easier to make modifications and
additions to the capabilities of the Quote. Not to mention this bundles the
information together and you never have to worry about your author list and
quote list getting out of sync. And if you derive Quote from object you
*should* be able to pickle the list of Quotes very easily.
(The following is untested).
class Quote(object):
def __init__(self, quote, author, date=None, misc=None):
self.quote = quote
.
Ramit
Ramit Prasad | JPMorgan Chase Investment Bank | Currencies Technology
712 Main Street | Houston, TX 77002
work phone: 713 - 216 - 5423
This email is confidential and subject to important disclaimers and
conditions including on offers for the purchase or sale of
securities, accuracy and completeness of information, viruses,
confidentiality, legal privilege, and legal entity disclaimers,
available at http://www.jpmorgan.com/pages/disclosures/email.
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[Tutor] meaning of % in: if n % x == 0:
?? If either n or x or both were 0, and % were the same thing as *, the statement would be true, but from the context I don't think that % does mean the same as *, because * appears very soon after in the same fragment of code. Lisi I'm sorry I am making such heavy weather of all this. Blame 2 things: anno domini and an exaggerated (obsessive) need to understand language. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] meaning of % in: if n % x == 0:
On Wed, Aug 31, 2011 at 9:35 PM, Lisi wrote: > ?? If either n or x or both were 0, and % were the same thing as *, the > statement would be true, but from the context I don't think that % does mean > the same as *, because * appears very soon after in the same fragment of > code. > > Lisi > > I'm sorry I am making such heavy weather of all this. Blame 2 things: anno > domini and an exaggerated (obsessive) need to understand language. % is the remainder operator: http://docs.python.org/library/stdtypes.html#numeric-types-int-float-long-complex it is how much remains after you perform an integer division, e.g. 23 % 5 == 3, since 20 / 5 == 4 and then you are left with 3. n % y == 0 if n is divisible by y. This is useful in factoring prime numbers, and in the case of y == 2, for checking if the number n is even. Hugo ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] meaning of % in: if n % x == 0:
On Wed, Aug 31, 2011 at 3:58 PM, Hugo Arts wrote: > On Wed, Aug 31, 2011 at 9:35 PM, Lisi wrote: > > ?? If either n or x or both were 0, and % were the same thing as *, the > > statement would be true, but from the context I don't think that % does > mean > > the same as *, because * appears very soon after in the same fragment of > > code. > > > > Lisi > > > > I'm sorry I am making such heavy weather of all this. Blame 2 things: > anno > > domini and an exaggerated (obsessive) need to understand language. > > % is the remainder operator: > > > http://docs.python.org/library/stdtypes.html#numeric-types-int-float-long-complex > > it is how much remains after you perform an integer division, e.g. 23 > % 5 == 3, since 20 / 5 == 4 and then you are left with 3. > > n % y == 0 if n is divisible by y. This is useful in factoring prime > numbers, and in the case of y == 2, for checking if the number n is > even. > > Hugo > ___ > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org > To unsubscribe or change subscription options: > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > Here is a little example that shows how using the 'mod' or 'modulus' operator can select only values that are divisible by 3. >>> for i in range(16): ... if not i % 3: ... print i ... 0 3 6 9 12 15 -- Joel Goldstick ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] urllib2 issue getting realm
Thanks Sanders Will give that a go Johan Sent from my iPhone 4 On 31/08/2011, at 23:03, Sander Sweers wrote: > On 31 August 2011 14:27, Johan Geldenhuys wrote: >> On 31/08/2011, at 22:09, Sander Sweers wrote: >>> On 31 August 2011 09:46, Johan Geldenhuys wrote: I am trying to use a very simple piece of code to get the realm from different HTTPS URLs. This realm is essential for successful authentication on the HTTPS session. >>> >>> I think you got 2 things mixed up, http authentication and encrypted >>> http (https). Just having a https url does not mean you need to >>> authenticate. Take 'https://mail.google.com' as an example. >>> If have to run this for a few different hosts and capture the realm. For one host, it works perfectly, but when I try the same code to get the next realm, it fails. I suspect that I need to close some type of connections or something, but I can't put my finger on it. >>> >>> For the next one: >>> try: ... req = urllib2.Request(URL % ips[1]) ... handle = urllib2.urlopen(req) ... except IOError, e: ... print `e` ... >>> See, no "e" printed which means that something worked. The exception didn't happen and I don't know why...Anybody? >>> >>> Yes, when you type the url into your browser. I suspect it does not >>> ask you to authenticate via http authentication. Therefor no exception >>> is raised and you never print the headers. > > Top posting is evil ;-). > >> Focusing on the code below, do you know why it would raise the exception for >> the first >> IP and not for the second? > > Run this and you should see which error is being raise. Do note we > catch urllib2.HTTPError instead of IOError. > > try: >req = urllib2.Request(URL % ips[1]) >handle = urllib2.urlopen(req) >print 'Success' >print handle.getcode() >print handle.headers > except urllib2.HTTPError as e: >print 'Exception caught' >print e >print e.getcode() >print e.hdrs > > Greets > Sander > ___ > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org > To unsubscribe or change subscription options: > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Quote of the Day version 1.0
On 31 August 2011 21:14, Cranky Frankie wrote:
> I made some headway on the quote of the day program. I just tried to
> do it simple using two assumptions:
>
> - long quotes are going to print funny until I figure out the string
> splitting stuff
Define funny? Normally the linux console will wrap everything up
nicely for you. On a desktop (Gnome/Kde) there are other ways to
display notify texts.
> - hard coding the quotes and authors in the program is simple, and I
> can use a spreadsheet to generate the strings when I put in the rest
> of the quotes (I have a lot of them).
Think about how to store and retrieve these quotes. You could read
from a file and pick a random quotes.
> This code works. Now I just have to figure out:
>
> - how to get Ubuntu to run it at startup
Highly dependant on how and where you login.
> - how to associate .py files in Ubuntu to IDLE
This depends on a couple of factors and not really about learning
python. The Ubuntu forums and wiki are the best place to start.
> Pyhton is fun!
Lets make it more fun :-). Consider the below example (also on [1])
which introduces a different approach to printing quotes. Do not
hesitate to ask questions as I added tuple unpacking and string
formatting which you might not have covered in depth yet in your
tutorial.
import random
quotes = (
("Kahlil Gibran", "A candle loses nothing of its light when
lighting another."),
("Henrik Ibsen", "The strongest man in the world is he who stands
most alone."),
("Dwight Eisenhower", "Leadership consists of nothing but taking
responsibility for everything that goes wrong and giving your
subordinates credit for everything that goes well."),
("Will Rogers", "Even if you're on the right track, you'll get run
over if you just sit there."),
("Will Rogers", "I belong to no organized party. I am a Democrat."),
("Jean de LaFontaine", "Patience and time do more than strength or
passion."),
("Eleanor Hibbert", "Never regret. If it's good, it's wonderful.
If it's bad, it's experience."),
("Baruch Spinoza", "I have made a ceaseless effort not to
ridicule, not to bewail, not to scorn human actions, but to understand
them."),
("Albert Camus", "In the depth of winter I finally learned there
was in me an invincible summer."),
("Thomas a Kempi", "Who has a harder fight than he who is striving
to overcome himself."))
author, quote = random.choice(quotes)
print "%s\n\tBy %s" % (quote, author)
Greets
Sander
[1] http://pastebin.com/bdE2ynaG
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Re: [Tutor] Quote of the Day version 1.0
[snip]
> Do not hesitate to ask questions as I added tuple unpacking and string
>formatting which you might not have covered in depth yet in your
>tutorial.
[snip]
>author, quote = random.choice(quotes)
>print "%s\n\tBy %s" % (quote, author)
I figured I might as well add my preferred method of string formatting. :)
print 'The quote "{0}" is by {1}. I {2} {1}'.format(quote, author, 'love') #
although you might hate {1} ;)
Ramit
P.S. Notice the mixed quote convention.
Ramit Prasad | JPMorgan Chase Investment Bank | Currencies Technology
712 Main Street | Houston, TX 77002
work phone: 713 - 216 - 5423
This email is confidential and subject to important disclaimers and
conditions including on offers for the purchase or sale of
securities, accuracy and completeness of information, viruses,
confidentiality, legal privilege, and legal entity disclaimers,
available at http://www.jpmorgan.com/pages/disclosures/email.
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[Tutor] reclassify values in an array
Dear All, I have been going round in circles trying to solve something that sounds simple. I have a huge array and I would like to reclassify the values. Firstly just make them zeros and ones, for example if the values in the array are less than 100 make them 0 and if greater than 100 make them 1. And then finally sum them together. I have attempted a few methods, see code below. Any feedback will be greatly appreciated. Attempt 1: big_array=N.ma.concatenate(all_FFDI) for i in big_array: if i<100: i=0 elif i>=100: i=1 print big_array sum=big_array.sum(axis=0) print "the sum is", sum Attempt 2: big_array=N.ma.concatenate(all_FFDI) for i, value in enumerate(big_array): if value==100: big_array[i]=0 elif value>=100: big_array[i]=1 print big_array sum=big_array.sum(axis=0) print "the sum is", sum ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Quote of the Day version 1.0
On 31/08/11 20:14, Cranky Frankie wrote: This code works. Now I just have to figure out: - how to associate .py files in Ubuntu to IDLE You probably don't want to do that. IDLE is fine for developing code but you don't want to run it in IDLE for general use you want to use the interpreter. And the shebang (#!) line at the start will do that for you. -- Alan G Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.alan-g.me.uk/ ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] meaning of % in: if n % x == 0:
On 31/08/11 20:35, Lisi wrote: ?? If either n or x or both were 0, and % were the same thing as *, the statement would be true, but from the context I don't think that % does mean the same as *, because * appears very soon after in the same fragment of code. It's the remainder operator: IF N MOD X = 0 in BASIC It's explained in the Simple Sequences topic of my tutorial and mentioned again in the Raw Materials topic under integers. The use of % as the operator goes back to C. Many of Python's operators are just inherited directly from C. -- Alan G Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.alan-g.me.uk/ ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] reclassify values in an array
On 01/09/11 00:17, questions anon wrote: Dear All, I have been going round in circles trying to solve something that sounds simple. I have a huge array and I would like to reclassify the values. Firstly just make them zeros and ones,... And then finally sum them together. And what has been the problem? I have attempted a few methods, see code below. I'm not familiar with NumPy (which I assume is what you are using?) However the second approach looks more likely to succeed than the first. Assuming enumerate works with NumPy arrays. Is there any reason why you cannot use a normal list? Then it would just be: result = sum(1 for item in array if item >= 100) HTH, -- Alan G Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.alan-g.me.uk/ ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] meaning of % in: if n % x == 0:
Hugo Arts wrote: n % y == 0 if n is divisible by y. This is useful in factoring prime numbers If you find a way to factor *prime numbers*, you're doing something wrong. :) (By definition, a prime number has no factors apart from itself and one, which are trivial.) You mean, factorising numbers into the product of primes. -- Steven ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] meaning of % in: if n % x == 0:
% is not remainder - it is modulo. Difference shows up when left agument is negative. -- Bob Gailer 919-636-4239 Chapel Hill NC ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] meaning of % in: if n % x == 0:
ah, my mistake. I was in a hurry writing that post, which is a really bad idea :/ On Thu, Sep 1, 2011 at 2:09 AM, Steven D'Aprano wrote: > Hugo Arts wrote: > >> n % y == 0 if n is divisible by y. This is useful in factoring prime >> numbers > > If you find a way to factor *prime numbers*, you're doing something wrong. > > :) > > (By definition, a prime number has no factors apart from itself and one, > which are trivial.) > > You mean, factorising numbers into the product of primes. > > > > -- > Steven > ___ > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org > To unsubscribe or change subscription options: > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org To unsubscribe or change subscription options: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] reclassify values in an array
Hi anonymous questioner,
Like Alan, I suspect you are using numpy as
import numpy as N
there is probably a numpy email list where this would be more appropriate
(personally I don't object, but I don't want to speak for all the subscribers).
the 2nd attempt is closer to the right answer. To help yourself answer the
question, try
> for i, value in enumerate(big_array):
print i,value
and see what you get. Are you allowed to compare value with 100?
Then, when performing the sum, you are asking to sum over axis=0. I assume you
are trying to sum all the individual elements, rather than sum the rows.
asking to sum over axis=0 is telling numpy to treat each row as an object, and
sum all those objects, preserving all other dimensions of your array. In your
case, you have a 2 dimensional array, so summing over axis=0 is taking all the
rows of your array (matrix) and summing them to produce a new row.
Specifically, it will take the first entry of each row, and add them to make
the first entry of the summed row, then likewise for each additional entry.
In math language, you are doing
r_j = sum_i big_array_{i,j}
if you do
big_array.sum()
then it will sum all of the individual elements
sum = sum_i sum_j big_array_{i,j}
play around more with the interactive interpreter. If you try these things,
and they fail, reproduce your code from the top to bottom, adding only one line
at a time, and see what happens (at least for these simple short code
snippets). That should help you improve your understanding faster - which I
assume is one of your goals :)
Andre
On Aug 31, 2011, at 4:17 PM, questions anon wrote:
> Dear All,
> I have been going round in circles trying to solve something that sounds
> simple. I have a huge array and I would like to reclassify the values.
> Firstly just make them zeros and ones, for example if the values in the array
> are less than 100 make them 0 and if greater than 100 make them 1. And then
> finally sum them together.
> I have attempted a few methods, see code below. Any feedback will be greatly
> appreciated.
>
> Attempt 1:
> big_array=N.ma.concatenate(all_FFDI)
> for i in big_array:
> if i<100:
> i=0
> elif i>=100:
> i=1
> print big_array
> sum=big_array.sum(axis=0)
> print "the sum is", sum
>
>
> Attempt 2:
> big_array=N.ma.concatenate(all_FFDI)
> for i, value in enumerate(big_array):
> if value==100:
> big_array[i]=0
> elif value>=100:
> big_array[i]=1
> print big_array
> sum=big_array.sum(axis=0)
> print "the sum is", sum
>
> ___
> Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org
> To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
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