Re: [Tutor] opts and try except
Maybe this recipe will help. Here I used and tested the arguments that the user must enter before using the module: http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/440476 Johan Eric Walker wrote: >All, >I have a program now that works just like I want it. Now I want to >integerate something to say print usage info when the user puts in the wrong >number or type of options. Also print usage say if you type program name and >-h or -H. I currently just have functions defined and at the bottom make a >function call. Do I need to do like the def main(): and then the if __name__ >== "__main__"? I need an example of how to implement this. > >Thanks in advance. > > >python newbie. >___ >Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org >http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > > > ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] How should I store data ?
>I want to store data in the shape of (for example): > First name, Last name, Age, ... few more characteristics. > I must be able to search data by any of this fields. For example, search > for age, or name ... etc For small quantities you can store the data in a list or tuple or dictionary. You can then just write (orPickle) the container to a file. See my file handling tutorial topic for an example of an address book. > Also, I want to put option in main program to change (update), add and > remove that data. > How do I do that (easiest way, please) ? If there is a lot of data you should use a database, see the Working with Databases topic for the address book example revisited. HTH, Alan G Author of the learn to program web tutor http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Dynamic inheritance?
Jan Eden wrote: > The situation is this: > > For every object, two string attributes are determined during > initialization (one being read from a database, the other inherited > as a superclass attribute). The first contains the site name, the > second the object type. I'd like to set the template attribute to the > proper class: > > import Templates > > self.site_name = 'SiteA' > self.template_type = 'Page' > > self.template = ??? > > self.template should refer to Templates.SiteA.Page in this case > (where SiteA is a module of package Templates, and Page is a class > within that module). Danny already said that classes can be treated > just like any other object - but how do I get from a string to a > class or module name? Use getattr() to access attributes by name. SiteA is an attribute of Templates and Page is an attribute of SiteA so you can get use getattr() twice to get what you want: site = getattr(Templates, self.site_name) self.template = getattr(site, self.template_type) > Thanks for all your help, and sorry for my ignorance, No problem, this list is for beginners! Kent -- http://www.kentsjohnson.com ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
[Tutor] need help in how to make my script read arabic lang
hello , i want to know if yu please how can i use python code in tagging arabic text file my code is as follow : # -*- coding: cp1256 -*-import codecsfrom nltk.tagger import *from nltk.corpus import brownfrom nltk.tokenizer import WhitespaceTokenizerfrom nltk import *from nltk.tokenreader.tagged import TaggedTokenReader # Tokenize ten texts from the Brown Corpustrain_tokens = [] text_str = (open('fataha2.txt').read())#codecs.encode(text_str,'cp1256')reader = TaggedTokenReader(SUBTOKENS='WORDS')text_token = reader.read_token(text_str)print text_token['WORDS'] for l in text_token['WORDS']: train_tokens.append(l) #Initialise and train a unigram taggermytagger = UnigramTagger(SUBTOKENS='WORDS') for xx in train_tokens: cc = reader.read_token(xx['TEXT']) #!
print
cc.keys() cc['SUBTOKENS']= cc['WORDS'] mytagger.train(cc) #Once a UnigramTagger has been trained, the tag() method can be used to tag new text: text_token = Token(TEXT="ÇáÍãÏ ááå ÑÈ ÇáÚÇáãíä")WhitespaceTokenizer(SUBTOKENS='WORDS').tokenize(text_token)mytagger.tag(text_token)#print 'The first example : Using Unigram Tagger the reseults are : 'printprint text_token and i got the following error : Traceback (most recent call last): File "I:/examples/unigramgtag1update1.py", line 13, in ? codecs.encode(text_str,'cp1256') File "C:\Python24\lib\encodings\cp1256.py", line 18, in encode return codecs.charmap_encode(input,errors,encoding_map)UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xc8 in position 0: ordinal not in
range(128) please help
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Re: [Tutor] smtplib alternative???
Hi Danny, Yes, when sending an email your mail client will always send the email to the mail server specified by the MX record in the authoritive domain. Usually the domain specificed after the @ symbol. The problem with smtplib is that I have to specify the mail server I'm sending email too. What if I wanted to send an email to 3 different people on three different domains hosted by 3 different mail servers? Smtlib prohibits this functionality. Do you see what I mean now...? Thanks for replying...On 11/20/05, Danny Yoo < [EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: On Sat, 19 Nov 2005, Adisegna wrote:> I found this script to send mail online. It works fine but requires me> to enter an mail server. I'm looking for something else that doesn't> require and SMTP server. Having to specify a mail server prohibits me > from sending to alternate domains.Hi Adisegna,I've always assumed that emails have to talk with some SMTP server.RFC821 seems to confirm this: http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc821.htmlso what you're asking, to be able to send mail without an SMTP server, maynot be possible. There is an 'smtpd' module that comes with Python: http://www.python.org/doc/lib/module-smtpd.htmlI'm also not sure I understand the reason you're trying to avoid talkingto an outside smtp server. But again, I'm unfamiliar enough with how theSMTP email protocol really works that perhaps I'm just overlooking something.-- Arthur DiSegnaNetwork Operations CenterAuthentium, Inc. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Dynamic inheritance?
Kent Johnson wrote on 20.11.2005: >Use getattr() to access attributes by name. SiteA is an attribute of Templates >and Page is an attribute of SiteA so you can get use getattr() twice to get >what >you want: > >site = getattr(Templates, self.site_name) >self.template = getattr(site, self.template_type) > Thank you! I did not take into account that modules and classes can be treated just like data attributes. - Jan -- Remember: use logout to logout. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
[Tutor] Can Phython...
Hello everyone, thank you for having this list. I have a couple of starting questions as I learn Python. My goal is to create something similar to Phaos, a browser controlled text base game written in PHP and MySQL. http://www.3eproductions.com/games.php But as Python is easier to learn and I know there is a specific DB that is Python friendly this is what I wish to work with. I have also seen a 'module?' that allows you to place Python code into HTML. So a few of my starting questions. 1 - Is what I have described above possible? 2 - What modules or components will I need? 3 - Is there a book or reference tutorial to help me gain the knowledge needed? Thank you for your assistance. Merrie Schonbach ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] smtplib alternative???
Hi Adisegna, Lets say that you are [EMAIL PROTECTED] and you want to send email to [EMAIL PROTECTED], [EMAIL PROTECTED] and [EMAIL PROTECTED] . You setup SMTPLib to talk to the MX server for abc.com which all users on abc.com use to send email. SMTP connects to that email server and you can send emails to anyone you like (unless theyre blacklisted). So by telling python to use [EMAIL PROTECTED] (your ISP's mail server) you can send email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] (obviously), [EMAIL PROTECTED] (because your a member of abc.com) and [EMAIL PROTECTED] (again cos your a member of abc.com). However, if you want your emails to be received with a different address, ie your using the isp abc.com and you want to send an email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] and it to appear to have come from [EMAIL PROTECTED] then you will need to tell pythons smptlib to connect to the MX server for pinkstuff.com to send the email, and you'll probably have to be dialled in to pinkstuff.com. Webmail MX servers differ in that they require authentication so it doesnt matter which ISP your dialled in from. Generally smtp servers are only configured to send to or from domains in which they belong. Hope that helps, Nick . -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Behalf Of Adisegna Sent: 20 November 2005 14:26 To: Danny Yoo Cc: tutor@python.org Subject: Re: [Tutor] smtplib alternative??? Hi Danny, Yes, when sending an email your mail client will always send the email to the mail server specified by the MX record in the authoritive domain. Usually the domain specificed after the @ symbol. The problem with smtplib is that I have to specify the mail server I'm sending email too. What if I wanted to send an email to 3 different people on three different domains hosted by 3 different mail servers? Smtlib prohibits this functionality. Do you see what I mean now...? Thanks for replying... On 11/20/05, Danny Yoo < [EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: On Sat, 19 Nov 2005, Adisegna wrote: > I found this script to send mail online. It works fine but requires me > to enter an mail server. I'm looking for something else that doesn't > require and SMTP server. Having to specify a mail server prohibits me > from sending to alternate domains. Hi Adisegna, I've always assumed that emails have to talk with some SMTP server. RFC821 seems to confirm this: http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc821.html so what you're asking, to be able to send mail without an SMTP server, may not be possible. There is an 'smtpd' module that comes with Python: http://www.python.org/doc/lib/module-smtpd.html I'm also not sure I understand the reason you're trying to avoid talking to an outside smtp server. But again, I'm unfamiliar enough with how the SMTP email protocol really works that perhaps I'm just overlooking something. -- Arthur DiSegna Network Operations Center Authentium, Inc. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Dynamic inheritance?
> import Templates
>
> self.site_name = 'SiteA'
> self.template_type = 'Page'
>
> self.template = ???
How about a dictionary holding references to the classes against their
names?
The dictionary could be a class attribute of the top level superclass or a
module
level dictionary. It should be updated ideally by the class definition or
more
simply by hard coding a registration fuinction.
Something like
class Root:
subclasses = {'Root': Root}
@classmethod
def registerSubclass(name, aClass):
#could check it really is a subclass here...
Root.subclasses[name] = aClass
class Sub(Root):
pass
Root.registerSubclass("Sub",Sub)
Now your code becomes:
self.site_name = 'SiteA'
self.template_type = 'Page'
self.template = Root.subclasses[self.template_name]() # instance of Page
In fact it could just be a dictionary of templates, it needn't be subclasses
at all, however for the sake of clean polymorphism its probably better
if they are.
HTH
Alan G.
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[Tutor] Website monitoring program.
I guess I should keep the same subject line (above)
from now on since my last few posts (urllib, smtplib) are about the
same program.
My question is how to use a loop to go through a tuple of URLs. Please feel free to suggest an easier way to do the same thing.
Here is my rudimentary program so far.
---
import urllib, smtplib
urls = ("http://website0.net/imalive.asp",
"http://website1.net/imalive.asp",
"http://website2.net/imalive.asp",
"http://website3.net/imalive.asp",
"http://website4.net/imalive.asp",)
# I added these just to make the loop work and be more readable
qa = urls[0]
n4k = urls[1]
metro = urls[4]
for i in urls: # <-- this obviously doens't work because I have to specify a value "metro" below
for site in urllib.urlopen(metro): #<- What can I use here to loop through the 'urls' tupple
good = "400 Bad Request"
bad = "Invalid Hostname"
smtpserver = 'mail.authentium.com'
RECIPIENTS = ['[EMAIL PROTECTED]']
SENDER = '[EMAIL PROTECTED]'
mssg = site
if good in site:
print "OK"
text_file = open("test.log", "a")
text_file.writelines('sometext : ')
text_file.writelines(site)
text_file.writelines("\n")
text_file.close()
elif bad in site:
print "NOT OK"
text_file = open("test.log", "a")
text_file.writelines('metro-ams : ')
text_file.writelines(site)
text_file.writelines("\n")
text_file.close()
session = smtplib.SMTP(smtpserver)
smtpresult = session.sendmail(SENDER, RECIPIENTS, mssg)
if smtpresult:
errstr = ""
for recip in smtpresult.keys():
errstr = """Could not delivery mail to: %s
Server said: %s
%s
%s""" % (recip, smtpresult[recip][0], smtpresult[recip][1], errstr)
raise smtplib.SMTPException, errstr
else:
text_file = open("test.log", "a")
text_file.writelines('Another type of error occurred : ')
text_file.writelines(site)
text_file.writelines("\n")
text_file.close()
---
Thanks
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Re: [Tutor] Can Phython...
> My goal is to create a browser controlled text base game ... >So a few of my starting questions. > 1 - Is what I have described above possible? Yes > 2 - What modules or components will I need? That depends onthe gane to some extent, I don;t know it. But for HTML/Web apps you need to decide if the basic cgi module is good enough or whether you want to use a more sophisticated framework (like CherryPy say) Also you will need the database driver for your database (Python can support a wide variety of databases, I'm not sure which you have in mind) Then you might find uses for the random module, or maybe the math one. It just depends on how sophisticated the game is. The best thing is a) get an understanding of Python itself b) try producing a console based version of your game c) port it to the web. At each stage when you find a specific problem send us a mail message with the question, any code that reproduces it and any error messages. > 3 - Is there a book or reference tutorial to help me gain the knowledge > needed? Check out the Python web site. \Depending on whether you have programmed in any other language or not will deternine which tutoriakl suits you best. If you are a complete beginner you might find mine useful(see .sig), but there are others if you dont like my style. If you have programmed before then try the official tutorial, its pretty good. Alan G Author of the learn to program web tutor http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
[Tutor] need a tutorial in tokens ,different types
hello all could any one suggest me tutorials in different tokenizations and clear describtion of how can i use token type and assign diff attributes to tokens ,also good tutorials in diff data types in python thanks every body enas Yahoo! FareChase - Search multiple travel sites in one click. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Website monitoring program.
Adisegna wrote:
>
> I guess I should keep the same subject line (above) from now on since my
> last few posts (urllib, smtplib) are about the same program.
My preference is to start a new subject for each new question.
>
> My question is how to use a loop to go through a tuple of URLs. Please
> feel free to suggest an easier way to do the same thing.
>
> Here is my rudimentary program so far.
>
> ---
> import urllib, smtplib
>
> urls = ("http://website0.net/imalive.asp";,
> "http://website1.net/imalive.asp";,
> "http://website2.net/imalive.asp";,
> "http://website3.net/imalive.asp";,
> "http://website4.net/imalive.asp";
> ,)
>
> # I added these just to make the loop work and be more readable
>
> qa = urls[0]
> n4k = urls[1]
> metro = urls[4]
>
> for i in urls: # <-- this obviously doens't work because I have to
> specify a value "metro" below
>
> for site in urllib.urlopen(metro): #<- What can I use here to
> loop through the 'urls' tupple
I'm not sure I understand but I think what you want is
for url in urls: # url will take on each value from urls
site = urllib.urlopen(url).read() # site will have the entire text from the
page you opened
You might also be interested in EDDIE which seems to support building this kind
of monitoring app fairly easily.
http://eddie-tool.net/doc/manual.html
Kent
>
> good = "400 Bad Request"
> bad = "Invalid Hostname"
> smtpserver = 'mail.authentium.com '
> RECIPIENTS = ['[EMAIL PROTECTED] ']
> SENDER = '[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> '
> mssg = site
>
> if good in site:
> print "OK"
> text_file = open("test.log", "a")
> text_file.writelines('sometext : ')
> text_file.writelines(site)
> text_file.writelines("\n")
> text_file.close()
>
> elif bad in site:
> print "NOT OK"
> text_file = open("test.log", "a")
> text_file.writelines('metro-ams : ')
> text_file.writelines(site)
> text_file.writelines("\n")
> text_file.close()
> session = smtplib.SMTP(smtpserver)
> smtpresult = session.sendmail(SENDER, RECIPIENTS, mssg)
> if smtpresult:
> errstr = ""
> for recip in smtpresult.keys():
> errstr = """Could not delivery mail to: %s
>
> Server said: %s
> %s
>
> %s""" % (recip, smtpresult[recip][0],
> smtpresult[recip][1], errstr)
> raise smtplib.SMTPException, errstr
>
>
> else:
> text_file = open("test.log", "a")
> text_file.writelines('Another type of error occurred : ')
> text_file.writelines(site)
> text_file.writelines("\n")
> text_file.close()
>
> ---
>
> Thanks
>
>
>
>
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> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
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[Tutor] UnboundLocal Error
I've got a problem with scope that I can't say I've ever encountered.
The comments explain the situation pretty well.
import player
class Game:
def __init__(self,screen):
self.market = Market.Market()
self.countries = pickle.load(open("sup.coords",'r'))
self.deck = deck.Deck()
self.players = {}
print player.Player('foo') # this line works fine, prints
out a
player instance
self.setupPlayers() # want to set up all the
players so...
self.screen = screen
def setupPlayers(self):
print player.Player('bar') # this line fails, with the unbound
local error
for super_power in SUPER_POWERS:
self.players[super_power] = player.Player(super_power)
for position,card in enumerate(self.deck):
if card.location in SUPER_POWERS[super_power]:
Ouput and traceback:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Python24\sup.py", line 199, in ?
game = Game(screen)
File "C:\Python24\sup.py", line 51, in __init__
self.setupPlayers()
File "C:\Python24\sup.py", line 56, in setupPlayers
print player.Player('bar')
UnboundLocalError: local variable 'player' referenced before assignment
Something blindingly obvious probably, but I'm at a loss.
thanks,
jason
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[Tutor] Random Numbers
Ok first thing I need a direction on is random number generation, I looked through the Python manual and I must be missing it. What Im looking for, needing is a random generation 1 through 10 + modifier, example like rolling a 1d10 +1 Not sure what syntex to use. Thanks! Merrie ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Random Numbers
On 21/11/05, Merrie <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > Ok first thing I need a direction on is random number generation, I looked > through the Python manual and I must be missing it. > > What Im looking for, needing is a random generation 1 through 10 + modifier, > example like rolling a 1d10 +1 Hi Merrie, The manual section you want is the random module: http://docs.python.org/lib/module-random.html In particular, the randrange() function will help you out here. random.randrange() is equivalent to generating a list using the builtin function range(), and then choosing one element from that list at random. For example, I can generate some random numbers in the range 0..9 like this: >>> import random >>> for i in range(10): ... print random.randrange(10) ... 8 2 0 9 7 5 8 0 7 9 >>> HTH! -- John. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Random Numbers
Hi, Take a look at the random module, function randint: >>> import random >>> random.randint(1, 10) 7 >>> random.randint(1, 10) 9 >>> random.randint(1, 10) 1 >>> random.randint(1, 10) 8 >>> random.randint(1, 10) 7 >>> random.randint(1, 10) 9 >>> random.randint(1, 10) 1 >>> random.randint(1, 10) 1 >>> random.randint(1, 10) 7 >>> random.randint(1, 10) 2 >>> random.randint(1, 10) 9 >>> Hugo Merrie wrote: > Ok first thing I need a direction on is random number generation, I > looked through the Python manual and I must be missing it. > > What Im looking for, needing is a random generation 1 through 10 + > modifier, example > like rolling a 1d10 +1 > > Not sure what syntex to use. > > Thanks! > Merrie > > > > > ___ > Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] Website monitoring program.
Ah, this kind of programme would be so much simpler if Last-Modified and
ETag were commonly used *sigh*. Unfortunately, advertising kinda killed
it...
I recommend www.watchthispage.com if you just need a quick update without
killing your own bandwidth.
Regards,
Liam Clarke-Hutchinson
-Original Message-
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Behalf
Of Kent Johnson
Sent: Monday, 21 November 2005 10:25 a.m.
Cc: tutor@python.org
Subject: Re: [Tutor] Website monitoring program.
Adisegna wrote:
>
> I guess I should keep the same subject line (above) from now on since
> my
> last few posts (urllib, smtplib) are about the same program.
My preference is to start a new subject for each new question.
>
> My question is how to use a loop to go through a tuple of URLs. Please
> feel free to suggest an easier way to do the same thing.
>
> Here is my rudimentary program so far.
>
> ---
> import urllib, smtplib
>
> urls = ("http://website0.net/imalive.asp";,
> "http://website1.net/imalive.asp";,
> "http://website2.net/imalive.asp";,
> "http://website3.net/imalive.asp";,
> "http://website4.net/imalive.asp";
> ,)
>
> # I added these just to make the loop work and be more readable
>
> qa = urls[0]
> n4k = urls[1]
> metro = urls[4]
>
> for i in urls: # <-- this obviously doens't work because I have to
> specify a value "metro" below
>
> for site in urllib.urlopen(metro): #<- What can I use here to
> loop through the 'urls' tupple
I'm not sure I understand but I think what you want is
for url in urls: # url will take on each value from urls
site = urllib.urlopen(url).read() # site will have the entire text from
the page you opened
You might also be interested in EDDIE which seems to support building this
kind of monitoring app fairly easily. http://eddie-tool.net/doc/manual.html
Kent
>
> good = "400 Bad Request"
> bad = "Invalid Hostname"
> smtpserver = 'mail.authentium.com '
> RECIPIENTS = ['[EMAIL PROTECTED] ']
> SENDER = '[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> '
> mssg = site
>
> if good in site:
> print "OK"
> text_file = open("test.log", "a")
> text_file.writelines('sometext : ')
> text_file.writelines(site)
> text_file.writelines("\n")
> text_file.close()
>
> elif bad in site:
> print "NOT OK"
> text_file = open("test.log", "a")
> text_file.writelines('metro-ams : ')
> text_file.writelines(site)
> text_file.writelines("\n")
> text_file.close()
> session = smtplib.SMTP(smtpserver)
> smtpresult = session.sendmail(SENDER, RECIPIENTS, mssg)
> if smtpresult:
> errstr = ""
> for recip in smtpresult.keys():
> errstr = """Could not delivery mail to: %s
>
> Server said: %s
> %s
>
> %s""" % (recip, smtpresult[recip][0],
> smtpresult[recip][1], errstr)
> raise smtplib.SMTPException, errstr
>
>
> else:
> text_file = open("test.log", "a")
> text_file.writelines('Another type of error occurred : ')
> text_file.writelines(site)
> text_file.writelines("\n")
> text_file.close()
>
> --
> -
>
> Thanks
>
>
> --
> --
>
> ___
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> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
--
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Re: [Tutor] UnboundLocal Error
Jason Massey wrote:
> I've got a problem with scope that I can't say I've ever encountered.
My guess is that later in setupPlayers() you assign to a variable 'player'.
When you do this, every reference to the variable in the function is a local
reference. For example:
>>> x=1
>>> def bump():
... print x
... x = x + 1
...
>>> bump()
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 1, in ?
File "", line 2, in bump
UnboundLocalError: local variable 'x' referenced before assignment
Because x is assigned in bump(), the x in print x is a local variable and it is
not bound a the time of use.
Kent
>
> The comments explain the situation pretty well.
>
>
> import player
>
> class Game:
> def __init__(self,screen):
> self.market = Market.Market()
> self.countries = pickle.load(open("sup.coords",'r'))
> self.deck = deck.Deck()
> self.players = {}
> print player.Player('foo') # this line works fine, prints
> out a
> player instance
> self.setupPlayers() # want to set up all the
> players so...
>
> self.screen = screen
>
> def setupPlayers(self):
> print player.Player('bar') # this line fails, with the unbound
> local error
> for super_power in SUPER_POWERS:
> self.players[super_power] = player.Player(super_power)
> for position,card in enumerate(self.deck):
> if card.location in SUPER_POWERS[super_power]:
>
>
> Ouput and traceback:
>
>
> Traceback (most recent call last):
> File "C:\Python24\sup.py", line 199, in ?
> game = Game(screen)
> File "C:\Python24\sup.py", line 51, in __init__
> self.setupPlayers()
> File "C:\Python24\sup.py", line 56, in setupPlayers
> print player.Player('bar')
> UnboundLocalError: local variable 'player' referenced before assignment
>
>
> Something blindingly obvious probably, but I'm at a loss.
>
> thanks,
>
> jason
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>
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Re: [Tutor] need a tutorial in tokens ,different types
> could any one suggest me tutorials in different tokenizations and > clear describtion of how can i use token type and assign diff attributes > to tokens What kind of tokens? Are we talking l;exical tokens in a parser or security tokens or what? > also good tutorials in diff data types in python The official documentaton explains most of it. You can try the Raw Materials topic in my tutorial if you like. Alan G Author of the learn to program web tutor http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] UnboundLocal Error
> The comments explain the situation pretty well.
Unfortunately the formatting has been lost so I'm not totally
clear whats going on.
BUT it does look like you have posted the class definition
but not the driver code that actually causes the error.
> class Game:
> def __init__(self,screen):
> print player.Player('foo') # this line works fine, prints out a
> self.setupPlayers() # want to set up all the players so...
>self.screen = screen
>def setupPlayers(self):
> print player.Player('bar') # this line fails, with the unbound local error
> Ouput and traceback:
>
>
> Traceback (most recent call last):
> File "C:\Python24\sup.py", line 199, in ?
> game = Game(screen)
where is this line? its nowhere above?
is it in a separate file? or lower in the same file?
It looks like its the same file but much later on.
> File "C:\Python24\sup.py", line 56, in setupPlayers
>print player.Player('bar')
> UnboundLocalError: local variable 'player' referenced before assignment
which looks like the import hasn't worked, except the previous print
statement did work. That seems odd I agree.
> Something blindingly obvious probably, but I'm at a loss.
Me too, but I'd start by checking I don;t have a conflict of variable names.
you don't for example del(player) at some point?
strange,
Alan G
Author of the learn to program web tutor
http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld
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Re: [Tutor] smtplib alternative???
>Generally smtp servers are only configured to send to or from domains in which they belong. Hmmm... several ISP's I've used allow any value in the "From" header field. I'd also like to mention that while many SMTP servers will only allow a valid domain address in the From field, there is usually no such restriction on what you stick in the "Reply-To" header field. (I'd like to point out that using fake "From" addresses gets boring after about the fifth prank email from [EMAIL PROTECTED] to your friends...) The ability to change a "From" field is very useful for automated emailing. (By which I don't mean spam, but those emails from [EMAIL PROTECTED]) Regards, Liam Clarke -Original Message- From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Behalf Of Adisegna Sent: 20 November 2005 14:26 To: Danny Yoo Cc: tutor@python.org Subject: Re: [Tutor] smtplib alternative??? Hi Danny, Yes, when sending an email your mail client will always send the email to the mail server specified by the MX record in the authoritive domain. Usually the domain specificed after the @ symbol. The problem with smtplib is that I have to specify the mail server I'm sending email too. What if I wanted to send an email to 3 different people on three different domains hosted by 3 different mail servers? Smtlib prohibits this functionality. Do you see what I mean now...? Thanks for replying... On 11/20/05, Danny Yoo < [EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: On Sat, 19 Nov 2005, Adisegna wrote: > I found this script to send mail online. It works fine but requires me > to enter an mail server. I'm looking for something else that doesn't > require and SMTP server. Having to specify a mail server prohibits me > from sending to alternate domains. Hi Adisegna, I've always assumed that emails have to talk with some SMTP server. RFC821 seems to confirm this: http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc821.html so what you're asking, to be able to send mail without an SMTP server, may not be possible. There is an 'smtpd' module that comes with Python: http://www.python.org/doc/lib/module-smtpd.html I'm also not sure I understand the reason you're trying to avoid talking to an outside smtp server. But again, I'm unfamiliar enough with how the SMTP email protocol really works that perhaps I'm just overlooking something. -- Arthur DiSegna Network Operations Center Authentium, Inc. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor A new monthly electronic newsletter covering all aspects of MED's work is now available. Subscribers can choose to receive news from any or all of seven categories, free of charge: Growth and Innovation, Strategic Directions, Energy and Resources, Business News, ICT, Consumer Issues and Tourism. See http://news.business.govt.nz for more details. http://www.govt.nz - connecting you to New Zealand central & local government services Any opinions expressed in this message are not necessarily those of the Ministry of Economic Development. This message and any files transmitted with it are confidential and solely for the use of the intended recipient. If you are not the intended recipient or the person responsible for delivery to the intended recipient, be advised that you have received this message in error and that any use is strictly prohibited. Please contact the sender and delete the message and any attachment from your computer. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] smtplib alternative???
On Sun, 2005-11-20 at 09:26 -0500, Adisegna wrote: > Hi Danny, > > Yes, when sending an email your mail client will always send the email > to the mail server specified by the MX record in the authoritive > domain. Usually the domain specificed after the @ symbol. The problem > with smtplib is that I have to specify the mail server I'm sending > email too. No. It is asking you to specify the server that the email will be coming from. Your email to the list went through the gmail server. If you look at the email headers, you will see entries from the mail servers that handled the message. Your local smtp server will handle the MX lookups. Simply specify the mail server provided by the ISP that provides your Internet connection, if you do not run a mail server yourself. > What if I wanted to send an email to 3 different people on three > different domains hosted by 3 different mail servers? Smtlib prohibits > this functionality. Do you see what I mean now...? > > Thanks for replying... If you have a conventional email program (e.g. Thunderbird, Evolution, Outlook Express) then the smtp server listed in that config should work with your Python script. -- Lloyd Kvam Venix Corp ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
[Tutor] Website monitoring program.
How do I get the counting loop to come
back around? It makes one pass fine. How do I get it to come back up
and go through again?
Thanks
---
import urllib, smtplib
urls = ("http://website0.net/imalive.asp",
"http://website1.net/imalive.asp",
"http://website2.net/imalive.asp",
"http://website3.net/imalive.asp",
"http://website4.net/imalive.asp",)
count = 0
for i in urls:
web = urls[count]
for site in urllib.urlopen(web):
good = "400 Bad Request"
bad = "Invalid Hostname"
smtpserver = 'mail.authentium.com'
RECIPIENTS = ['[EMAIL PROTECTED]']
SENDER = '[EMAIL PROTECTED]'
mssg = site
if good in site:
print "OK"
text_file = open("test.log", "a")
text_file.writelines('sometext : ')
text_file.writelines(site)
text_file.writelines("\n")
text_file.close()
elif bad in site:
print "NOT OK"
text_file = open("test.log", "a")
text_file.writelines('metro-ams : ')
text_file.writelines(site)
text_file.writelines("\n")
text_file.close()
session = smtplib.SMTP(smtpserver)
smtpresult = session.sendmail(SENDER, RECIPIENTS, mssg)
if smtpresult:
errstr = ""
for recip in smtpresult.keys():
errstr = """Could not delivery mail to: %s
Server said: %s
%s
%s""" % (recip, smtpresult[recip][0], smtpresult[recip][1], errstr)
raise smtplib.SMTPException, errstr
else:
text_file = open("test.log", "a")
text_file.writelines('Another type of error occurred : ')
text_file.writelines(site)
text_file.writelines("\n")
text_file.close()print web
count +=1
print count
---
Thanks
-- Arthur DiSegnaNetwork Operations CenterAuthentium, Inc.
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Re: [Tutor] Website monitoring program.
Adisegna wrote:
> How do I get the counting loop to come back around? It makes one pass
> fine. How do I get it to come back up and go through again?
You have to indent the statement 'count += 1' so it is part of the loop. But
you misunderstand the for loop - the count variable is not needed at all. Your
variable 'i' will receive each element of urls, one each time through the loop.
For a simpler example,
>>> u = ['a', 'b', 'c']
>>> for letter in u:
... print letter
...
a
b
c
So instead of
count = 0
for i in urls:
web = urls[count]
you can write simply
for web in urls:
See the Python tutorial for more examples of for loops:
http://docs.python.org/tut/node6.html#SECTION00620
Kent
>
> Thanks
>
> ---
> import urllib, smtplib
>
> urls = ("http://website0.net/imalive.asp";,
> "http://website1.net/imalive.asp";,
> "http://website2.net/imalive.asp";,
> "http://website3.net/imalive.asp";,
> "http://website4.net/imalive.asp";
> ,)
>
> count = 0
> for i in urls:
> web = urls[count]
>
> for site in urllib.urlopen(web):
>
> good = "400 Bad Request"
> bad = "Invalid Hostname"
> smtpserver = 'mail.authentium.com '
> RECIPIENTS = ['[EMAIL PROTECTED] ']
> SENDER = '[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> '
> mssg = site
>
> if good in site:
> print "OK"
> text_file = open("test.log", "a")
> text_file.writelines('sometext : ')
> text_file.writelines(site)
> text_file.writelines("\n")
> text_file.close()
>
> elif bad in site:
> print "NOT OK"
> text_file = open("test.log", "a")
> text_file.writelines('metro-ams : ')
> text_file.writelines(site)
> text_file.writelines("\n")
> text_file.close()
> session = smtplib.SMTP(smtpserver)
> smtpresult = session.sendmail(SENDER, RECIPIENTS, mssg)
> if smtpresult:
> errstr = ""
> for recip in smtpresult.keys():
> errstr = """Could not delivery mail to: %s
>
> Server said: %s
> %s
>
> %s""" % (recip, smtpresult[recip][0],
> smtpresult[recip][1], errstr)
> raise smtplib.SMTPException, errstr
>
>
> else:
> text_file = open("test.log", "a")
> text_file.writelines('Another type of error occurred : ')
> text_file.writelines(site)
> text_file.writelines("\n")
> text_file.close()
> print web
> count +=1
> print count
> ---
>
> Thanks
>
>
> --
> Arthur DiSegna
> Network Operations Center
> Authentium, Inc.
>
>
>
>
> ___
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[Tutor] Trouble with classes - Pypeg again
-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE- Hash: SHA1 Ok, I've got my peg game roughed out and I'm having problems. The error is: Traceback (most recent call last): File "pypeg.py", line 113, in ? main() File "pypeg.py", line 107, in main x.draw_board() # Refresh screen File "pypeg.py", line 30, in draw_board screen.blit(Peg.peg, (Peg.pegs[i])) # Blit it. AttributeError: class Peg has no attribute 'peg' The new code is at: http://members.socket.net/~tvbare/pypeg/new_pypeg.py> I'm confused as to why. The whole OO picture has my head reeling, but I thought I had some grasp of the basics. Now I'm not so sure. d:^) Thanks much, - -- Terry "Be who you are and say what you feel, because those who mind don't matter and those who matter don't mind." -- Dr. Seuss -BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE- Version: GnuPG v1.2.7 (GNU/Linux) iD8DBQFDgVKHQvSnsfFzkV0RAnlyAJ9snqBt0GOWS7IpimsMkB2xaBqu2gCbBovs ATTVhm0JbWiz+VfKSxXrGqY= =oGAu -END PGP SIGNATURE- ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
Re: [Tutor] need a tutorial in tokens ,different types
Taking python-list out of CC yet again. Enas, please fix your email client setup. I really don't want to threaten, but as a power-hungry dictatorial list admin, I have an responsibility to help maintain a healthy mailing list. You been warned twice now not to crosspost. You continue to crosspost the same question to several mailing lists, not only to comp.lang.python, but also to NLTK's developer list. http://sourceforge.net/mailarchive/forum.php?thread_id=9019717&forum_id=959 so I doubt your behavior is accidental now: it looks pretty deliberate to me. Enas, please don't push me into the Bad Cop role. Change your behavior: you've violating community norms. If you don't correct yourself, I will moderate your messsages. I hate threatening you like this. Don't make me follow through with the threat. On Sun, 20 Nov 2005, Alan Gauld wrote: > > could any one suggest me tutorials in different tokenizations and > > clear describtion of how can i use token type and assign diff > > attributes to tokens > > What kind of tokens? Are we talking lexical tokens in a parser or > security tokens or what? Anyway, I think we are talking about the tokens defined by the NLTK natural language toolkit. I'm not sure we can do much better than recommend the tutorials that come with NLTK: http://nltk.sourceforge.net/lite/doc/ http://nltk.sourceforge.net/tutorial/index.html They go through several examples of assigning attributes to tokens. If you has questions about NLTK, again, Enas may be better off asking on an NLTK-specific mailing list. There's one specifically set up for help: http://sourceforge.net/forum/forum.php?forum_id=97413 > > also good tutorials in diff data types in python > > The official documentaton explains most of it. > > You can try the Raw Materials topic in my tutorial if you like. Those tutorials are here: http://wiki.python.org/moin/BeginnersGuide/NonProgrammers They should give enough grounding to understand how NLTK works better. Again, if you has any questions relating to learning how to program, we're glad to be of help. But take some time to learn how to use your email client. Also, if people have not recommend it, read through: http://www.gweep.ca/~edmonds/usenet/ml-etiquette.html http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html so that you have a sense of what kind of community norms are expected of you when you ask for help. Violating them impovershes the entire community, which is why I take this so seriously. ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
[Tutor] reduce with comprehension
Hi, I can't imagine how this could be made with list comprehension. >>> import operator >>> a = (([1],[2],[3,31,32],[4]), ([5],[6],[7, 71, 72]), ([8],[9])) >>> reduce(operator.add, a) # it makes a long list now ([1], [2], [3, 31, 32], [4], [5], [6], [7, 71, 72], [8], [9]) When I make list comprehension, the list hierarchy is allways the same or deeper than the original hierarchy. But now it should be reduced with one level. >>> [item for item in a] # the deepnes is the same [([1], [2], [3, 31, 32], [4]), ([5], [6], [7, 71, 72]), ([8], [9])] >>> [(item, item) for item in a] # it is deeper with one level >>> Is it possible to substitute reduce with comprehension anyway ? Yours sincerely, __ János Juhász ___ Tutor maillist - Tutor@python.org http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
