N00b question on Py modules

[lokesh . jagasia]

Hi. Sorry to sound like a noob but that's what I am when it comes to
Python. I just wrote the below module and it behaves funny.

My python module:

_exitcode = 0

def setExitCode():
_exitcode = 1

if __name__ == '__main__':
print _exitcode
setExitCode()
print _exitcode

Actual O/P:
0
0

I expected to see an output of 0 followed by 1. But it turns out that
the _exitcode variable is not changed at all. It seems that
setExitCode() might be editing a local copy of the _exitcode variable.
But then, how do I tell it to change the value of the module variable
and not its local variable.

I've been through the modules section of Python docs and a few ebooks
as well, all suggest that it shouldn't be working this way.

Please help out ppl.

Thanks

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Re: DiffLib Question

[Gabriel Genellina]

En Mon, 07 May 2007 00:52:18 -0300, whitewave <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> escribió:

> I am currently doing the third option. Doing file.read() to both file
> to be compared then feed the result to the compare function.
>
> Let me give you a brief sample of what I want to achieve.
>
> Using this code
 diffline=[]
 fileDiff = difflib.Differ().compare(f1, f2)
 diffline = list(fileDiff)
 finStr = ''.join(diffline)

So you are concerned with character differences, ignoring higher order  
structures. Use a linejunk filter function to the Differ constructor -as  
shown in my post last Wednesday- to ignore "\n" characters when matching.  
That is:

def ignore_eol(c): return c in "\r\n"
fileDiff = difflib.Differ(linejunk=ignore_eol).compare(f1, f2)
print ''.join(fileDiff)

you get:

-T  h  e s  o  l  v  a  b+ i  l- e+ i+ t+ y c  o  n  d  i  t   
i  o
n  s a  n  d t  h  e G  r  e  e  n  '  s f  u  n  c  t  i   
o  n
  s o  f l  i  n  e  a  r b  o  u  n  d  a  r  y v  a  l   
u  e-
+p  r  o  b  l  e  m  s f  o  r o  r  d  i  n  a  r  y-  +
   d  i  f  f  e  r  e  n  t  i  a  l e  q  u  a  t  i  o  n  s w   
i  t
h s  u  f  f  i  c  i  e  n  t  l  y s  m  o  o  t  h c  o  e   
f  f
  i  c  i  e  n  t  s h  a  v  e b  e  e  n-
+i  n  v  e  s  t  i  g  a  t  e  d i  n d  e  t  a  i  l  
b  y
  + m+ a+ n+ y+
- o- t- h- e- r-a  u  t  h  o  r  s \  c  i  t  e  {  C  R  1  ,   
C  R
2  ,  C  R  3  ,  C  R  4  ,  C  R  5  }  .

-- 
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Re: N00b question on Py modules

[Christoph Haas]

On Mon, May 07, 2007 at 12:00:38AM -0700, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> Hi. Sorry to sound like a noob but that's what I am when it comes to
> Python. I just wrote the below module and it behaves funny.
> 
> My python module:
> 
> _exitcode = 0
> 
> def setExitCode():
> _exitcode = 1
> 
> if __name__ == '__main__':
> print _exitcode
> setExitCode()
> print _exitcode
> 
> Actual O/P:
> 0
> 0
> 
> I expected to see an output of 0 followed by 1. But it turns out that
> the _exitcode variable is not changed at all. It seems that
> setExitCode() might be editing a local copy of the _exitcode variable.
> But then, how do I tell it to change the value of the module variable
> and not its local variable.

_exitcode is a global variable in your program. In functions (def) you
can read global variables. But if you change or reassign them the change
will be only local to the function. If you want to change the global
variable your def needs to be:

def setExitCode():
global _exitcode
_exitcode = 1

Kindly
 Christoph

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Re: N00b question on Py modules

[rishi pathak]

Hi
this  variable is local to function
do this
def setExitCode():
  global _exitcode
  _exitcode = 1
On 7 May 2007 00:00:38 -0700, [EMAIL PROTECTED] <
[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


Hi. Sorry to sound like a noob but that's what I am when it comes to
Python. I just wrote the below module and it behaves funny.

My python module:

_exitcode = 0

def setExitCode():
_exitcode = 1



this  variable is local to function

if __name__ == '__main__':

print _exitcode
setExitCode()
print _exitcode

Actual O/P:
0
0

I expected to see an output of 0 followed by 1. But it turns out that
the _exitcode variable is not changed at all. It seems that
setExitCode() might be editing a local copy of the _exitcode variable.
But then, how do I tell it to change the value of the module variable
and not its local variable.

I've been through the modules section of Python docs and a few ebooks
as well, all suggest that it shouldn't be working this way.

Please help out ppl.

Thanks

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--
Regards--
Rishi Pathak
National PARAM Supercomputing Facility
Center for Development of Advanced Computing(C-DAC)
Pune University Campus,Ganesh Khind Road
Pune-Maharastra
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Re: N00b question on Py modules

[Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch]

In <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, lokesh.jagasia
wrote:

> My python module:
> 
> _exitcode = 0
> 
> def setExitCode():
> _exitcode = 1
> 
> if __name__ == '__main__':
> print _exitcode
> setExitCode()
> print _exitcode
> 
> Actual O/P:
> 0
> 0
> 
> I expected to see an output of 0 followed by 1. But it turns out that
> the _exitcode variable is not changed at all. It seems that
> setExitCode() might be editing a local copy of the _exitcode variable.
> But then, how do I tell it to change the value of the module variable
> and not its local variable.

Any name that gets bound to an object within a function is local to that
function unless you declare it as ``global``.  But using lots of global
variables is considered bad style so you may think about rewriting
functions with ``global`` names to return the value(s) instead:

_exitcode = 0

def set_exitcode():
return 1

if __name__ == '__main__':
print _exitcode
_exitcode = set_exitcode()
print _exitcode

Ciao,
Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch
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Re: Newbie prob: How to write a file with 3 threads?

[est]

On May 7, 5:12 am, MRAB <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On May 6, 9:51 am, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:> In 
> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, est wrote:
> > > I need to write a file using 3 threads simutaniously, e.g. Thread 1
> > > write the first byte of test.bin with an "a", second thread write the
> > > second byte "b", third thread write the third byte "c". Anyone could
> > > give a little example on how to do that?
>
> > Simplest solution is: don't do that.  Write from one thread and send the
> > date from the other threads via a `Queue.Queue` to the writing thread.
> > Send the number of the thread with the data so the writer thread knows in
> > which order the data has to be written.
>
> [snip]
> Or have a `Queue.Queue` for each source thread and make the writer
> thread read from each in turn.


I'll try Queue.Queue, thank you. I didn't expect that multithread
write a file is so troublesome

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Re: N00b question on Py modules

[Gary Herron]

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> Hi. Sorry to sound like a noob but that's what I am when it comes to
> Python. I just wrote the below module and it behaves funny.
>
> My python module:
>
> _exitcode = 0
>
> def setExitCode():
> _exitcode = 1
>
> if __name__ == '__main__':
> print _exitcode
> setExitCode()
> print _exitcode
>
> Actual O/P:
> 0
> 0
>
> I expected to see an output of 0 followed by 1. But it turns out that
> the _exitcode variable is not changed at all. It seems that
> setExitCode() might be editing a local copy of the _exitcode variable.
> But then, how do I tell it to change the value of the module variable
> and not its local variable.
>
> I've been through the modules section of Python docs and a few ebooks
> as well, all suggest that it shouldn't be working this way.
>
> Please help out ppl.
>   

It's a scoping problem. The line

_exitcode = 0

creates a (module level) global object.

But in 

def setExitCode():
_exitcode = 1

you are running into Python's default presumption that variables assigned to in 
a function are *local* to that function.  And like all local variables, they 
can be set and used within the function, but are independent of objects outside 
the function.

If you want to assign to a global object from within a function, then you must 
explicitly say so:

def setExitCode():
global _exitcode
_exitcode = 1

See: http://docs.python.org/ref/global.html 

Gary Herron


> Thanks
>
>   

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Re: c macros in python.

[A.T.Hofkamp]

On 2007-05-06, [EMAIL PROTECTED] <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hey,
>
> I'm writing a script to generate code. I'm a bit tired of typing
> outfile.write(). Does python have a way to c-like macros? Every
> instance of o(...) in the code will be replaced by outfile.write(...)?

Just in case you don't know, you can write an arbitrary number of lines in one
write. Below is how I format a usage() message of a program in one write call:

def usage(fp):
fp.write("Usage: convert options [infile] [outfile]\n"
"with\n"
"options\n"
"\t--prefix=\t(obligatory)\n"
"\t--write-size\t\tWrite a line containing the size\n"
"\t--append-zero\t\tAppend a terminating 0 byte\n")

ie one multi-line write call. Pyhon concatenates two consequtive string
literals for us. Unfortunately, this gets less pretty when inserting variable
values.




In other code generation code, I normally use a list of lines. Rather than
writing everything directly to file, I make a list data structure containing
lines, then dump the list to file, as in:

lines = []
gencode_first(lines)
gencode_second(lines)
lines.append("the end")
write_lines(lines)

where write_lines() is

def write_lines(lines):
for line in lines:
outfile.write(line)
outfile.write('\n')

(i left out the opening and closing of outfile).


I normally do not include the \n in the list but instead add it while writing
it to file. This makes life much easier since there are no special last-value
problems in the code generator itself.
The nice thing here is that 'lines' is a normal data structure which you can
manipulate if you like.




For more demanding code generators (ie C or C++ code) I use the concept
'sections'. At a global level, the generated code has an 'include',
'declarations', 'definitions', and 'main' section, each section is a list of
lines.
I use a dictionary for this, like

output = { 'incl': [], 'decl': [], 'def': [], 'main': [] }

then pass around this in the code generator.
Each part of the generator can write in each section, for example when defining
a C function, you can write the declaration in the decl section and the
definition in the def section at the same time.
For example

def write_c_function(output):
output['decl'].append('int mycfunc(void);')
output['def'].extend(['int myfunc(void)', '{' 'return 131;', }' ])

Reducing such a dictionary to a list is then something like

def make_lines(sec_list, output):
lines = []
for sec in sec_list:
lines.extend(output[sec])
return lines

And outputting the code is then something like

write_lines(make_lines(['incl', 'decl', 'def', 'main'], output))

In this way you can abstract away from the order of code as required by the
target language and instead generate code in a nicer order.
Note that this section trick can be done recursively. for example, a function
can be thought of as a number of sections like

funcoutput = { 'header': [], 'opening-bracket' : [], 'localvars':[], 
'closing-bracket': [] }

so you can generate a function using sections as well, then at the end reduce
funcoutput to a list of lines, and insert that in a section of the global
'output'.




Last but not least, if you replace the lists by an object, you can do much
smarter things. For example, in general you don't want to have double #include
lines in the 'incl' section. Instead of worrying about generation of doubles,
just make an object that behaves like a list but silently drops doubles.
In the same way, you can create a list-like object that handles indenting for
you.

The possibilities here are endless!!


Good luck with your code generation problem, I hope I gave you some ideas of
alternative solutions that are available.

Albert

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Re: Examples / Links needed

[Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch]

In <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Andy wrote:

> Gurus, I'm looking for definite examples (pardon me if I'm not clear
> here) on Stack class...Somewhat like this :
> 
> class Stack(object):
>   def __init__(self__)
>   self.__contents = []

I don't know what to tell you here without writing the thing for you.  Ask
yourself what operations a `Stack` needs and look at the documentation for
`list` operations.  It's pretty easy to map the stack operations to `list`
ones.

> and ad hoc implementation of a class based on number system like for
> example somewhat like this
> 
> 
> def __imult__(self, other):
>self.__numerator   *= other.__numerator
>self.__denominator *= other.__denominator
>.
>.
>   return self

So what exactly is your problem?  Take a "number like", look at the
methods it implements and do this for your "number like" class.

> I'm not satisfied with Python Docs.

Why?  What does `Emulating numeric types`_ in the reference manual lack in
your opinion?

.. _Emulating numeric types: http://docs.python.org/ref/numeric-types.html

Ciao,
Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch
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Re: N00b question on Py modules

[Steven D'Aprano]

On Mon, 07 May 2007 00:00:38 -0700, lokesh.jagasia wrote:

> I expected to see an output of 0 followed by 1. But it turns out that
> the _exitcode variable is not changed at all. It seems that
> setExitCode() might be editing a local copy of the _exitcode variable.

Yes, that's exactly what is happening.


> But then, how do I tell it to change the value of the module variable
> and not its local variable.

(1) Don't do that.

(2) If you think you really need to do it, you don't.

(3) If you REALLY need to do it, use the statement:

global 

in your function.

Over-use of global variables is one of the sins of programming. Some 
people might even say that using ANY global variables is a sin. I'm not 
that strict, but I encourage you to avoid global variables if you can.

See here for more details:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_variable




-- 
Steven.
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Re: Newbie prob: How to write a file with 3 threads?

[Gary Herron]

est wrote:
> On May 7, 5:12 am, MRAB <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>   
>> On May 6, 9:51 am, Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:> In 
>> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, est wrote:
>> 
 I need to write a file using 3 threads simutaniously, e.g. Thread 1
 write the first byte of test.bin with an "a", second thread write the
 second byte "b", third thread write the third byte "c". Anyone could
 give a little example on how to do that?
 
>>> Simplest solution is: don't do that.  Write from one thread and send the
>>> date from the other threads via a `Queue.Queue` to the writing thread.
>>> Send the number of the thread with the data so the writer thread knows in
>>> which order the data has to be written.
>>>   
>> [snip]
>> Or have a `Queue.Queue` for each source thread and make the writer
>> thread read from each in turn.
>> 
>
>
> I'll try Queue.Queue, thank you. I didn't expect that multithread
> write a file is so troublesome
>   

As a general rule, *ALL* multithread operations are at least that
troublesome, and most are far more so.

Pessimistically-yours,
Gary Herron


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Re: invoke user's standard mail client

[Gabriel Genellina]

En Mon, 07 May 2007 01:52:18 -0300, [EMAIL PROTECTED]  
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> escribió:

> On May 6, 9:50 am, "Gabriel Genellina" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

>> On Windows you can use MAPI.
> But how? I could not find any starting point.
Get the pywin32 package (Python for Windows extensions) from sourceforge,  
install it, and look into the win32comext\mapi\demos directory.

> I found examples about sending mail directly, which gives me the
> impression that MAPI is just Microsoft's version of SMTP. This is not
> what I need. I need the user's client to start, so that the user may
> edit the message and decide herself whether she clicks on the Send
> button to really send it.

No, it should launch the email client (Outlook Express by example) and let  
the user confirm it. I think there were some flags to suppress the GUI or  
the confirmation, but they're not honored anymore, I presume. At least  
Eudora warns the user on such attempts.

-- 
Gabriel Genellina

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long lists

[Merrigan]

Hi All,

Firstly - thank you Sean for the help and the guideline to get the
size comparison, I will definitely look into this.

At the moment I actually have 2 bigger issues that needs sorting...

1. I have the script popping all the files that need to be checked
into a list, and have it parsing the list for everything...Now the
problem is this : The sever needs to check (at the moment) 375 files
and eliminate those that don't need reuploading. This number will
obviously get bigger and bigger as more files gets uploaded. Now, the
problem that I'm having is that the script is taking forever to parse
the list and give the final result. How can I speed this up?

2. This issue is actually because of the first one. While the script
is parsing the lists and files, the connection to the ftp server times
out, and I honestly must say that is is quite annoying. I know I can
set the function to reconnect if it cannot find a connection, but
wouldn't it just be easier just to keep the connection alive? Any idea
how I can keep the connection alive?

Thanks for all the help folks, I really appreciate it!

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Re: Problem to Download ftp file

[Gabriel Genellina]

En Mon, 07 May 2007 02:27:59 -0300, Shakil Ahmed  
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> escribió:

> Actually i need to know that how can i download a ftp file from ncbi by
> using python module ftputil.
>
> import ftputil
>
> host = ftputil.FTPHost('ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/repository/OMIM/morbidmap',
> 'anonymous', 'password')

The "host" is the first part, "ftp.ncbi.nih.gov". The remaining parts are  
a directory and a filename. You should write:

host = ftputil.FTPHost('ftp.ncbi.nih.gov','anonymous', 'password')
host.chdir('repository/OMIM')
host.download('morbidmap','path/to/local/file/morbidmap','b')

See the ftputil documentation for more info.

-- 
Gabriel Genellina

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Re: default test method name in unittest framework

[Vyacheslav Maslov]

Yes, i general you are right. I meant following case, please look at my
example

Suppose i have following simple test case:

import unittest

class SomeTest(unittest.TestCase):

   def testAdd(self):
   self.assertEqual(2+2,4)

if __name__=="__main__":
   unittest.TextTestRunner().run(SomeTest())

this code produce following exception:
ValueError: no such test method in : runTest

Because default test method name is "run", but TestCase class have
constructor parameter testMethod with default value "runTest" not "run"!

As result i always should explicitly pass testMethod name when create object
of test case class:
   unittest.TextTestRunner().run(SomeTest("run"))

Why i should do this?

2007/5/7, Gabriel Genellina <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:


En Sun, 06 May 2007 22:17:44 -0300, Vyacheslav Maslov
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> escribió:

> i have question related to python's unit testing framework.
>
> Take a look at unittest.TestCase class. The main method which contains
> all
> code related to test case execution have name "run". But in the same
time
> constructor of unittest.TestCase class have param methodName with
default
> value "runTest", not "run"! Why? This leads to AttributeError exception
> if i
> do not explicitly set methodName to "run" during TestCase
initialization.

No: method run is used by the framework, it internally calls the setUp,
tearDown, etc. You don't have to override run (you must not override
run!), instead, you provide the runTest method in your class.
Furthermore, instead of many similar TestCase classes, you can write a
single class with many methods named testXXX, and they will be found and
used by a TestLoader.

--
Gabriel Genellina

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Re: PChess 0.9

[Brian van den Broek]

majeed rana said unto the world upon 05/07/2007 01:13 AM:
> I want pchess 0.9
> 

I want a mansion and a yacht. Unlike you, google can't help me. 


Brian vdB
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Re: default test method name in unittest framework

[Gabriel Genellina]

En Mon, 07 May 2007 04:49:12 -0300, Vyacheslav Maslov  
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> escribió:

> Yes, i general you are right. I meant following case, please look at my
> example
>
> Suppose i have following simple test case:
>
> import unittest
>
> class SomeTest(unittest.TestCase):
>
> def testAdd(self):
> self.assertEqual(2+2,4)
>
> if __name__=="__main__":
> unittest.TextTestRunner().run(SomeTest())
>
> this code produce following exception:
> ValueError: no such test method in : runTest
>
> Because default test method name is "run", but TestCase class have
> constructor parameter testMethod with default value "runTest" not "run"!

NO! the default test method name is not "run" but "runTest", as explained  
in my previous post. You can either rename the testAdd method to runTest,  
or change the last line to be, simply:

if __name__=="__main__":
unittest.main()

main() will create a TestRunner, a TestLoader, a TestSuite containing all  
your TestCases, and run them.

> As result i always should explicitly pass testMethod name when create  
> object
> of test case class:
> unittest.TextTestRunner().run(SomeTest("run"))
>
> Why i should do this?

You should *not* do that! Your tests will not even be run that way.

-- 
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Re: msbin to ieee

[revuesbio]

On 7 mai, 03:52, John Machin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On May 7, 7:44 am, revuesbio <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > Hi
> > Does anyone have the python version of the conversion from msbin to
> > ieee?
> > Thank u
>
> Yes, Google has it. Google is your friend. Ask Google. It will lead
> you to such as:
>
> http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2005-August/337817.html
>
> HTH,
> John

Thank you,

I've already read it but the problem is always present. this script is
for double precision MBF format ( 8 bytes).
I try to adapt this script for single precision MBF format ( 4 bytes)
but i don't find the right float value.

for example : 'P\xad\x02\x95' will return '0.00024924660101532936'



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Re: long lists

[Steven D'Aprano]

On Mon, 07 May 2007 00:28:14 -0700, Merrigan wrote:

> 1. I have the script popping all the files that need to be checked into
> a list, and have it parsing the list for everything...Now the problem is
> this : The sever needs to check (at the moment) 375 files and eliminate
> those that don't need reuploading. This number will obviously get bigger
> and bigger as more files gets uploaded. Now, the problem that I'm having
> is that the script is taking forever to parse the list and give the
> final result. How can I speed this up?

By writing faster code???

It's really hard to answer this without more information. In particular:

- what's the format of the list and how do you parse it?

- how does the script decide what files need uploading?



-- 
Steven.
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Re: problem with quoted strings while inserting into varchar field of database.

[Daniele Varrazzo]

On 7 Mag, 08:55, "krishnakant Mane" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On 6 May 2007 11:22:52 -0700, Daniele Varrazzo <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> >> Every 
> serious database driver has a complete and solid SQL escaping
> > mechanism. This mechanism tipically involves putting placeholders in
> > your SQL strings and passing python data in a separate tuple or
> > dictionary. Kinda
>
> > cur.execute("INSERT INTO datatable (data) VALUES (%s);",
> > (pickled_data,))
>
> I will try doing that once I get back to the lab.
> mean while I forgot to mention in my previous email that I use MySQLdb
> for python-mysql connection.

OK: MySQLdb implements the escaping mechanism i described. You can
find the documentation if you look for it harder.

> I did not find any such reference to storing pickled objects in the API.

Storing pickled object is not different from storing anything else
into BLOB. You would have faced the same problem if you had to write
"O'Reilly" in a VARCHAR field.

-- Daniele

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Re: problem with quoted strings while inserting into varchar field of database.

[Stefan Sonnenberg-Carstens]

On Mo, 7.05.2007, 10:30, Daniele Varrazzo wrote:
> On 7 Mag, 08:55, "krishnakant Mane" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> On 6 May 2007 11:22:52 -0700, Daniele Varrazzo
>> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> >> Every serious database driver has a
>> complete and solid SQL escaping
>> > mechanism. This mechanism tipically involves putting placeholders in
>> > your SQL strings and passing python data in a separate tuple or
>> > dictionary. Kinda
>>
>> > cur.execute("INSERT INTO datatable (data) VALUES (%s);",
>> > (pickled_data,))
>>
>> I will try doing that once I get back to the lab.
>> mean while I forgot to mention in my previous email that I use MySQLdb
>> for python-mysql connection.
>
> OK: MySQLdb implements the escaping mechanism i described. You can
> find the documentation if you look for it harder.
>
>> I did not find any such reference to storing pickled objects in the API.
>
> Storing pickled object is not different from storing anything else
> into BLOB. You would have faced the same problem if you had to write
> "O'Reilly" in a VARCHAR field.
>
> -- Daniele
>
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>
>
Why not use qmark parameter passing (PEP 249) ?

cur.execute("INSERT INTO datatable (data) VALUES (?);" , (pickled_data,))

Then the DB driver will take care for you.
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Properties on old-style classes actually work?

[Paul Melis]

Hello,

The python library docs read in section 2.1 
(http://docs.python.org/lib/built-in-funcs.html):

"
...

property(   [fget[, fset[, fdel[, doc)
 Return a property attribute for new-style classes (classes that 
derive from object).

...
"


But in 2.4 at least properties also seem to work for old-style classes:

class O:

 def __init__(self):
 self._x = 15

 def get_x(self):
 return self._x

 x = property(get_x)

o = O()
print o.x

outputs "15" as expected for the property.

Regards,
Paul
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Re: Properties on old-style classes actually work?

[Steven D'Aprano]

On Mon, 07 May 2007 10:44:35 +0200, Paul Melis wrote:

> Hello,
> 
> The python library docs read in section 2.1
> (http://docs.python.org/lib/built-in-funcs.html):
> 
> "
> ...
> 
> property( [fget[, fset[, fdel[, doc)
>  Return a property attribute for new-style classes (classes that
> derive from object).
> 
> ...
> "
> 
> 
> But in 2.4 at least properties also seem to work for old-style classes:


Unfortunately, they don't -- they seem to work until you try assigning to 
them. Here's the same property implemented with a new-style and old-style 
class:


class New(object):
def __init__(self, s):
self._value = s
def upgetter(self):
return self._value.upper()
def upsetter(self, s):
self._value = s
value = property(upgetter, upsetter)

class Old:
def __init__(self, s):
self._value = s
def upgetter(self):
return self._value.upper()
def upsetter(self, s):
self._value = s
value = property(upgetter, upsetter)


Properties work with new-style classes:

>>> obj = New('norwegian blue')
>>> obj.value
'NORWEGIAN BLUE'
>>> obj.value = 'nobody expects the spanish inquisition!'
>>> obj.value
'NOBODY EXPECTS THE SPANISH INQUISITION!'


At first, they seem to work with old-style classes:

>>> obj = Old('norwegian blue')
>>> obj.value
'NORWEGIAN BLUE'

But problems occur once you try assigning to it:

>>> obj.value = 'nobody expects the spanish inquisition!'
>>> obj.value
'nobody expects the spanish inquisition!'

And now it is easy to see why:

>>> obj.__dict__['value']
'nobody expects the spanish inquisition!'
>>> obj.__dict__['_value']
'norwegian blue'

The call to assign obj.value over-rides the property with the raw value, 
and from that moment on, obj.value is no longer a property, but just an 
ordinary instance attribute.


-- 
Steven.
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Re: invoke user's standard mail client

[Paul Boddie]

On 4 Mai, 18:54, [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Cameron Laird) wrote:
> .
> Portland 
> http://ct.enews.eweek.com/rd/cts?d=186-6281-53-799-798304-697089-0-0-0-1>
> is the best standardization of this problem we have under Linux.
>
> I'll address Windows in a subsequent follow-up.

Portland [1] provides scripts (xdg-open, xdg-email...) which overlap
with the functionality provided by the desktop module:

http://www.python.org/pypi/desktop

The desktop module should even work with Windows as well, but it seems
that xdg-email has the edge in terms of providing the inquirer's
desired support for composing e-mail messages (on Free Software
desktops, anyway).

Paul

[1] http://portland.freedesktop.org/wiki/

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Re: Properties on old-style classes actually work?

[Nick Vatamaniuc]

On May 7, 4:44 am, Paul Melis <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hello,
>
> The python library docs read in section 2.1
> (http://docs.python.org/lib/built-in-funcs.html):
>
> "
> ...
>
> property(   [fget[, fset[, fdel[, doc)
>  Return a property attribute for new-style classes (classes that
> derive from object).
>
> ...
> "
>
> But in 2.4 at least properties also seem to work for old-style classes:
>
> class O:
>
>  def __init__(self):
>  self._x = 15
>
>  def get_x(self):
>  return self._x
>
>  x = property(get_x)
>
> o = O()
> print o.x
>
> outputs "15" as expected for the property.
>
> Regards,
> Paul

Paul,

Sorry to dissapoint, but properties don't work in old style classes.
The 'get' property seems to work but as soon as you use the set
property it fails and even 'get' won't work after that. It surely is
deceiving, I wish it would just give an error or something.  See
below.

-Nick Vatamaniuc




>>> class O:
   : def __init__(self):
   : self._x=15
   : def get_x(self):
   : print "in O.get_x()"
   : return self._x
   : def set_x(self,newx):
   : print "in O.set_x(newx)"
   : self._x=newx
   : x=property(get_x, set_x)
   :

>>> o=O()

>>> o._x
15

>>> o.x
in O.get_x()
in O.get_x()
15

>>> o.x=42

>>> #DANGER WILL ROBINSON, set_x NOT CALLED!!!

>>> o.x
42

>>> #HMM... properties ARE BROKEN FROM NOW ON

>>> o._x
15

>>> #...BROKEN INDEED

>>>

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Re: problem with quoted strings while inserting into varchar field of database.

[Daniele Varrazzo]

On 7 Mag, 10:46, "Stefan Sonnenberg-Carstens"
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Mo, 7.05.2007, 10:30, Daniele Varrazzo wrote:
>
> > On 7 Mag, 08:55, "krishnakant Mane" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >> On 6 May 2007 11:22:52 -0700, Daniele Varrazzo
> >> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> >> Every serious database driver has a
> >> complete and solid SQL escaping
> >> > mechanism. This mechanism tipically involves putting placeholders in
> >> > your SQL strings and passing python data in a separate tuple or
> >> > dictionary. Kinda
>
> >> > cur.execute("INSERT INTO datatable (data) VALUES (%s);",
> >> > (pickled_data,))
>
> >> I will try doing that once I get back to the lab.
> >> mean while I forgot to mention in my previous email that I use MySQLdb
> >> for python-mysql connection.
>
> Why not use qmark parameter passing (PEP 249) ?
>
> cur.execute("INSERT INTO datatable (data) VALUES (?);" , (pickled_data,))
>
> Then the DB driver will take care for you.

>>> import MySQLdb
>>> print MySQLdb.paramstyle
format

MySQLdb (as many other drivers) use format parameter passing. Not much
difference w.r.t. qmark, at least when passing positional parameters:
the placeholder is "%s" instead of "?". A difference is that "format"
also allows named parameters (actually it should have been "pyformat",
but IIRC MySQLdb can also use named placeholders, even if they
advertise "format").

Anyway it is only a matter of placeholder style: they both allow the
driver to take care of data escaping, the concept the OT didn't know
about.

-- Daniele

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Re: High resolution sleep (Linux)

[Hendrik van Rooyen]

 "Tim Roberts" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote"

> Consider what you're asking here.  The operating system can only age the
> timer list and re-evaluate process ready states when a process goes into
> kernel mode, either by releasing the CPU or hitting the end of its time
> slice.  In order to know that a process has reached the end of its time
> slice, it has to be interrupted by something, typically the timer
> interrupt.

Yes

> 
> In order to provide 10us sleep resolution, the timer interrupt would have
> to fire every 10us.

Not necessarily. see below

>  The overhead of handling the timer interrupt and
> rescheduling that often is quite significant.

Yes

It is also possible to keep the timer list sorted by "expiry date",
and to reprogram the timer to interrupt at the next expiry time
to give arbitrary resolution, instead of implementing a regular 'tick'.
But this also adds overhead and its a PITA to do efficiently, 
using a linked list of "next interrupt time".   So its not normally 
done unless you *really* need it.  Its easier to make a free 
running hardware counter and to read it and do the sums 
yourself, hogging the processor, if you need such fine resolution.

Ten microseconds is not much time - Speed of light is about 
one foot per nanosecond, so that gives ten thousand feet of
travel for a radio wave - less than two miles, or about three
kilometres.

A rifle bullet can travel at around 5000 feet per second.
In ten microseconds it moves six tenths of an inch.
A vehicle at 300 Km/h (about 187 MPH) will not move
as much as a millimetre in that time.

OTOH - if you are trying to make a software radar system to
pick up intruders in your back yard, then ten microseconds
is a hopelessly long time...

- Hendrik


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matplotlib: howto redraw figure automatically, without stop in show()/draw()?

[dmitrey]

Hi all,
here is a question already mentioned below, and I'm also interested in
that one very much.
unfortunatly, I can't write anything to matplotlib mailing lists
because I constantly get server internal error (500)
Does anyone knows the answer?
(howto redraw figure automatically (for example update from time to
time in cycle), without stop in show()/draw()?)
Thx in advance, D.

 redcic <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> I've already got this package. I just wanted to try something new.

> However, since you talk about it, I've got a question regarding this
> package. The execution of the code stops after the line:
> pylab.show()
> which is off course the last line of my code. My problem is that I
> have to close the figure window in order to launch my program another
> time. I'd like to be able to launch my program many times with
> different parameters without having to close the figure windows before
> each launch.
> Just so you know, I'm using TkAgg backend.

> Any hint ?

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Bastion/rexec use cases?

[Paul Miller]

Bastion and rexec have been deprecated since Python 2.2, so it seems
we (the Python community) have gotten along well enough without them.
Have these modules not been reimplemented because:

a) There are no valid use cases for them.
b) Doing so would be difficult and prone to breakage as new features
are introduced into the language.
c) Nobody has any idea how to do it.
d) Nobody cares.
e) Guido thinks it's a bad idea.

or, some combination of these?

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assisging multiple values to a element in dictionary

[saif . shakeel]

Hi,
   I have a dictionary which is something like this:
id_lookup={
16:'subfunction',
26:'dataId',
34:'parameterId',
39:'subfunction',
44:'dataPackageId',
45:'parameterId',
54:'subfunction',
59:'dataId',
165:'subfunction',
169:'subfunction',
170:'dataPackageId',
174:'controlParameterId'
}
 How do i assign multiple values to the key here.Like i want the
key 170 to take either the name 'dataPackageID' or the name
'LocalId'.I use this in my code,and hence if either comes it should
work .
Can someone help me.
  Thanks

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Re: N00b question on Py modules

[lokesh . jagasia]

Thanks a lot for the responses ppl. Python's treatment of global
variables was an eye-opener. I have coded in Java & C/C++ in the past
and there the behaviour is diametrically opposite.

Cheers

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Re: invoke user's standard mail client

[Cameron Laird]

In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Cameron Laird <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
>[EMAIL PROTECTED] <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>Hello,
>>
>>the simplest way to launch the user's standard mail client from a
>>Python program is by creating a mailto: URL and launching the
>>webbrowser:
>>
>>def mailto_url(to=None,subject=None,body=None,cc=None):
>>"""
>>encodes the content as a mailto link as described on
>>http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2368.html
>>Examples partly taken from
>>http://selfhtml.teamone.de/html/verweise/email.htm
>>"""
>>url = "mailto:"; + urllib.quote(to.strip(),"@,")
>>sep = "?"
>>if cc:
>>url+= sep + "cc=" + urllib.quote(cc,"@,")
>>sep = "&"
>>if subject:
>>url+= sep + "subject=" + urllib.quote(subject,"")
>>sep = "&"
>>if body:
>># Also note that line breaks in the body of a message MUST be
>># encoded with "%0D%0A". (RFC 2368)
>>body="\r\n".join(body.splitlines())
>>url+= sep + "body=" + urllib.quote(body,"")
>>sep = "&"
>>return url
>>
>>import webbrowser
>>url = mailto_url(...)
>>webbrowser.open(url,new=1)
>>
>>(Excerpt from
>>http://svn.berlios.de/wsvn/lino/trunk/src/lino/tools/mail.py?op=file&rev=0&sc=0)
>>
>>But this method is limited: you cannot specify a file to be attached
>>to the mail. And I guess that there would be problems if the body text
>>is too complex.
>>
>>Does somebody know about a better method?
>>It should be possible at least on Windows, since Acrobat Reader is
>>able to do it.
>   .
>   .
>   .
>Portland http://ct.enews.eweek.com/rd/cts?d=186-6281-53-799-798304-697089-0-0-0-1 >
>is the best standardization of this problem we have under Linux.
>
>I'll address Windows in a subsequent follow-up.

A.  Apologies!  I'm sorry about the URL above; it was
completely wrong.  I intended http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-portland.html >.
B.  The best approach I know under Windows is to invoke
start mailto:$ADDRESS
1.  That invocation does *not* communicate
subject, attachments, ...  To do so 
adequately involves application-specific
work, as other follow-ups have mentioned.
2.  "start" has its own complexities.  The
best invocation from console-based Python
is likely to be 
start /w "" mailto:$ADDRESS
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Re: assisging multiple values to a element in dictionary

[Nick Vatamaniuc]

On May 7, 7:03 am, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> Hi,
>I have a dictionary which is something like this:
> id_lookup={
> 16:'subfunction',
> 26:'dataId',
> 34:'parameterId',
> 39:'subfunction',
> 44:'dataPackageId',
> 45:'parameterId',
> 54:'subfunction',
> 59:'dataId',
> 165:'subfunction',
> 169:'subfunction',
> 170:'dataPackageId',
> 174:'controlParameterId'}
>
>  How do i assign multiple values to the key here.Like i want the
> key 170 to take either the name 'dataPackageID' or the name
> 'LocalId'.I use this in my code,and hence if either comes it should
> work .
> Can someone help me.
>   Thanks

id_lookup[170]=('dataPackageID', 'LocallId')

-Nick V.

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Re: msbin to ieee

[John Machin]

On May 7, 6:18 pm, revuesbio <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On 7 mai, 03:52, John Machin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > On May 7, 7:44 am, revuesbio <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > > Hi
> > > Does anyone have the python version of the conversion from msbin to
> > > ieee?
> > > Thank u
>
> > Yes, Google has it. Google is your friend. Ask Google. It will lead
> > you to such as:
>
> >http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2005-August/337817.html
>
> > HTH,
> > John
>
> Thank you,
>
> I've already read it but the problem is always present. this script is
> for double precision MBF format ( 8 bytes).

It would have been somewhat more helpful had you said what you had
done so far,  even posted your code ...

> I try to adapt this script for single precision MBF format ( 4 bytes)
> but i don't find the right float value.
>
> for example : 'P\xad\x02\x95' will return '0.00024924660101532936'

If you know what the *correct* value is, you might like to consider
shifting left by log2(correct_value/erroneous_value) :-)

Do you have any known correct pairs of (mbf4 string, decimal_float
value)? My attempt is below -- this is based on a couple of
descriptive sources that my friend Google found, with no test data. I
believe the correct answer for the above input is 1070506.0 i.e. you
are out by a factor of 2 ** 32

def mbf4_as_float(s):
m0, m1, m2, m3 = [ord(c) for c in s]
exponent = m3
if not exponent:
return 0.0
sign = m2 & 0x80
m2 |= 0x80
mant = (((m2 << 8) | m1) << 8) | m0
adj = 24 + 128
num = mant * 2.0 ** (exponent - adj)
if sign:
return -num
return num

HTH,
John

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Re: Basic question about sockets and security

[Steve Holden]

Dave Dean wrote:
> Hi all,
>   I'm just starting out in sockets/network programming, and I have a very 
> basic question...what are the 'security' implications of opening up a 
> socket?  For example, suppose I've written a simple chat server and chat 
> client.  The server opens a socket, listens on a port, and accepts incoming 
> connections.  The clients open a socket and connect to the server.  If the 
> server receives a message from a client, it sends that message out to every 
> client.  When a client receives a message, it places it in a text widget.
>   So...are there inherent dangers in doing this?  I have no real security 
> concern in the actual application, but can an open socket somehow allow 
> someone access to the rest of the computer?  Is the 'security' of the socket 
> handled at the OS level (or within the socket module)?
>   I realize this isn't necessarily a Python question, but I wrote my 
> application in Python and I'm not sure where to start.  I'll repost this 
> elsewhere if someone points me towards a more relevant group.

It's something that all Python network newbies would like to know about 
(and OUGHT to know about), so it's a valid question.

Essentially all opening a server socket does is to allow anyone who can 
connect to send data to your process. The difficulties usually begin 
when your process doesn't handle it in a secure way.

Typically in a language like C this will involve failing to check its 
length, thereby allowing a malicious user to send an over-length input 
and (since local variables in CC are held on the stack) overwriting 
crucial data like function return addresses.

Such exploits can be used to inject code into your process and have it 
run. Since server processes often run at a high level of privilege, so 
does the exploit code.

Another way you can introduce vulnerabilities into your code is to craft 
inputs that, when incorporated into system calls, maliciously change the 
intent of your code. So suppose you had a command to allow a user to 
ping another computer, you might do (something like)

   os.system("ping "+address)

where the address is what the user types in. However, if the user types 
in something like

   192.168.12.13 ; rm /etc/passwd

then your call becomes

   os.system("ping 192.168.12.13; rm /etc/passwd")

and executes two shell statements, the second of which is rather 
destructive.

So, as long as you aren't passing any user data to the operating system 
in any way shape or form you are probably in reasonably good shape. But 
this is easier to do than you might imagine, and you always need to ask 
yourself what the downside potential of malicious inputs might be.

Python's libraries are well written by and large, and the language 
itself checks the bounds of all data structure accesses, making buffer 
overflow exploits of the type I described much less of a risk, but the 
OS vulnerabilities still remain for you to avoid by careful coding.

regards
  Steve
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Re: assisging multiple values to a element in dictionary

[Vyacheslav Maslov]

>I have a dictionary which is something like this:
> id_lookup={
> 16:'subfunction',
> 26:'dataId',
> 34:'parameterId',
> 39:'subfunction',
> 44:'dataPackageId',
> 45:'parameterId',
> 54:'subfunction',
> 59:'dataId',
> 165:'subfunction',
> 169:'subfunction',
> 170:'dataPackageId',
> 174:'controlParameterId'
> }
>  How do i assign multiple values to the key here.Like i want the
> key 170 to take either the name 'dataPackageID' or the name
> 'LocalId'.
In general dictionary define strong relation between keys and values, 
key should have only one associated value, but in your case value can be 
  a tuple or list.

Anyway, i think that your question contradict to dictionary concept, 
because is impossilbe to assign for some key multiple values.


-- 
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Re: Basic question about sockets and security

[Steve Holden]

Dave Dean wrote:
[socket security inquiry]

One further point: everything I wrote for server sockets applies to 
client sockets too if there's a possibility they are interacting with a 
server that's been maliciously coded, or compromised in some way by an 
attacker.

regards
  Steve
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Re: CGI python use "under a curse"

[Steve Holden]

Adrian Smith wrote:
> On May 7, 2:30 pm, Steven D'Aprano
> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> On Sun, 06 May 2007 21:30:16 -0700, Adrian Smith wrote:
> 
>> It is NOT the same error. There are NO syntax errors in the script, there
>> is a runtime error. The so-called administrator is wrong: you can't use
>> Perl to test just any old CGI scripts. They have to be written in Perl.
> 
> Well, I thought that, but you know what happens to newbies who come
> out with such opinions forcefully. Maybe they have special magic perl
> which parses python.
> 
>> I see from the source code on your page that you have a line:
>>
>> 
>>
>> You have two lines in your cgi script:
>>
>> form = cgi.FieldStorage()
>> print form["essay"].value
>>
>> Having never done cgi programming, I'm not sure what the problem is, but
>> after reading help(cgi) I'll take a stab in the dark and say try this:
>>
>> print form.value
>>
>> It might also help for you to try this:
>>
>> print form.keys()
> 
> Both give me the same ISE, alas.
> 
>> Good luck with the "admins" at your hosting company.
> 
> Well, it *is* free, and there aren't that many free ones that offer
> Python. My paid-for host has sent me a message to say they're
> ruminating on my issues, though, so I live in hope.
> 
I'd go to Cornerhost. You can get a cheap account there and the support 
is friendly and knowledgable. I am no longer a customer and do not stand 
to gain by this recommendation, but they are a small business that were 
very helpful to me when I *was* a customer.

regards
  Steve
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Re: Bastion/rexec use cases?

[Steve Holden]

Paul Miller wrote:
> Bastion and rexec have been deprecated since Python 2.2, so it seems
> we (the Python community) have gotten along well enough without them.
> Have these modules not been reimplemented because:
> 
> a) There are no valid use cases for them.
> b) Doing so would be difficult and prone to breakage as new features
> are introduced into the language.
> c) Nobody has any idea how to do it.
> d) Nobody cares.
> e) Guido thinks it's a bad idea.
> 
> or, some combination of these?
> 
All of the above except c) and d), I think.

You might like to Google for something like

   Brett Cannon secure Python

to get up to speed on some work that may eventually result in Python 
acquiring a more security-minded framework. Bastion and rexec were so 
full of holes you could drive a London double-decker bus through them, 
so their deprecation and eventual exclusion was felt to be safer than 
leaving them in to be mistaken for secure code.

regards
  Steve
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Re: msbin to ieee

[revuesbio]

On 7 mai, 13:21, John Machin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On May 7, 6:18 pm, revuesbio <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
>
>
> > On 7 mai, 03:52, John Machin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > > On May 7, 7:44 am, revuesbio <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > > > Hi
> > > > Does anyone have the python version of the conversion from msbin to
> > > > ieee?
> > > > Thank u
>
> > > Yes, Google has it. Google is your friend. Ask Google. It will lead
> > > you to such as:
>
> > >http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2005-August/337817.html
>
> > > HTH,
> > > John
>
> > Thank you,
>
> > I've already read it but the problem is always present. this script is
> > for double precision MBF format ( 8 bytes).
>
> It would have been somewhat more helpful had you said what you had
> done so far,  even posted your code ...
>
> > I try to adapt this script for single precision MBF format ( 4 bytes)
> > but i don't find the right float value.
>
> > for example : 'P\xad\x02\x95' will return '0.00024924660101532936'
>
> If you know what the *correct* value is, you might like to consider
> shifting left by log2(correct_value/erroneous_value) :-)
>
> Do you have any known correct pairs of (mbf4 string, decimal_float
> value)? My attempt is below -- this is based on a couple of
> descriptive sources that my friend Google found, with no test data. I
> believe the correct answer for the above input is 1070506.0 i.e. you
> are out by a factor of 2 ** 32
>
> def mbf4_as_float(s):
> m0, m1, m2, m3 = [ord(c) for c in s]
> exponent = m3
> if not exponent:
> return 0.0
> sign = m2 & 0x80
> m2 |= 0x80
> mant = (((m2 << 8) | m1) << 8) | m0
> adj = 24 + 128
> num = mant * 2.0 ** (exponent - adj)
> if sign:
> return -num
> return num
>
> HTH,
> John

well done ! it's exactly what i'm waiting for !!

my code was:
>>> from struct import *
>>> x = list(unpack('','P\xad\x02\x95'))
>>> x
[80, 173, 2, 149]
>>> def conversion1(bytes):
b=bytes[:]
sign = bytes[-2] & 0x80
b[-2] |= 0x80
exp = bytes[-1] - 0x80 - 56
acc = 0L
for i,byte in enumerate(b[:-1]):
acc |= (long(byte)<<(i*8))
return (float(acc)*2.0**exp)*((1.,-1.)[sign!=0])

>>> conversion1(x)
0.00024924660101532936

this script come from google groups but i don't understand bit-string
manipulation (I'm a  newbie). informations about bit-string
manipulation with python is too poor on the net.

thank you very much for your script.
A.

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Re: Bastion/rexec use cases?

[Duncan Booth]

Paul Miller <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> Bastion and rexec have been deprecated since Python 2.2, so it seems
> we (the Python community) have gotten along well enough without them.
> Have these modules not been reimplemented because:
> 
> a) There are no valid use cases for them.
> b) Doing so would be difficult and prone to breakage as new features
> are introduced into the language.
> c) Nobody has any idea how to do it.
> d) Nobody cares.
> e) Guido thinks it's a bad idea.
> 
> or, some combination of these?
> 
> 
I think it is mostly 'b' plus partly nobody cares sufficiently to put the 
time, money and effort behind it.

The recent release of Silverlight means that there is now a way to run 
Python in a secure sandbox. At present it is only available for Windows and 
Mac, but hopefully the Mono community will be able to overcome that 
deficiency (also of course you don't get all of the standard Python 
libraries): see http://www.mono-project.com/Moonlight for the current state 
of the Mono based Silverlight implementation.
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Re: long lists

[Merrigan]

On May 7, 10:18 am, Steven D'Aprano
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Mon, 07 May 2007 00:28:14 -0700, Merrigan wrote:
> > 1. I have the script popping all the files that need to be checked into
> > a list, and have it parsing the list for everything...Now the problem is
> > this : The sever needs to check (at the moment) 375 files and eliminate
> > those that don't need reuploading. This number will obviously get bigger
> > and bigger as more files gets uploaded. Now, the problem that I'm having
> > is that the script is taking forever to parse the list and give the
> > final result. How can I speed this up?
>
> By writing faster code???
>
> It's really hard to answer this without more information. In particular:
>
> - what's the format of the list and how do you parse it?
>
> - how does the script decide what files need uploading?
>
> --
> Steven.

Hi, Thanx for the reply,

The Script it available at this url : http://www.lewendewoord.co.za/theScript.py

P.S. I know it looks like crap, but I'm a n00b, and not yet through
the OOP part of the tutorial.

Thanx in advance!

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Re: matplotlib: howto redraw figure automatically, without stop in show()/draw()?

[WEINHANDL Herbert]

dmitrey wrote:
> Hi all,
> here is a question already mentioned below, and I'm also interested in
> that one very much.
> unfortunatly, I can't write anything to matplotlib mailing lists
> because I constantly get server internal error (500)
> Does anyone knows the answer?

maybe this is what you want ?

 http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/faq.html#DYNAMIC

happy pythoning

herbert
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Re: Bastion/rexec use cases?

[Paul Boddie]

On 7 Mai, 14:01, Duncan Booth <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Paul Miller <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > Bastion and rexec have been deprecated since Python 2.2, so it seems
> > we (the Python community) have gotten along well enough without them.
> > Have these modules not been reimplemented because:
>
> > a) There are no valid use cases for them.
> > b) Doing so would be difficult and prone to breakage as new features
> > are introduced into the language.
> > c) Nobody has any idea how to do it.
> > d) Nobody cares.
> > e) Guido thinks it's a bad idea.
>
> > or, some combination of these?
>
> I think it is mostly 'b' plus partly nobody cares sufficiently to put the
> time, money and effort behind it.

I'd agree with this, adding that (c) is increasingly starting to apply
to CPython as new features make any potential sandboxing strategy less
coherent. Brett Cannon appears to be tackling this situation head-on,
however.

> The recent release of Silverlight means that there is now a way to run
> Python in a secure sandbox.

Also possible with Jython for a long time, I believe. Meanwhile,
others (including non-Python developers) have turned to other kinds of
solutions including virtualisation at different levels. See this page
for more discussion:

http://wiki.python.org/moin/SandboxedPython

I've experimented somewhat with a chroot-based solution, although I'm
reluctant to make it available because of an uncertainty as to whether
it really offers proper "jailing" of the executed code, along with
concerns that people may consider it secure without doing their own
homework on the matter. Ideally, I'd want to trim the Python
interpreter right down to the very basic virtual machine (without I/O)
and then build the different extensions back on in a security-oriented
framework, but I guess this is what Mr Cannon has in mind.

Paul

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Re: Plot with scipy

[[EMAIL PROTECTED]]

On 4 Mai, 15:57, redcic <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> I've already got this package. I just wanted to try something new.
>
> However, since you talk about it, I've got a question regarding this
> package. The execution of the code stops after the line:
> pylab.show()
> which is off course the last line of my code. My problem is that I
> have to close the figure window in order to launch my program another
> time. I'd like to be able to launch my program many times with
> different parameters without having to close the figure windows before
> each launch.
> Just so you know, I'm using TkAgg backend.
>
> Any hint ?

There's an option in your matplotlibrc file (personal lives in
$HOME/.matplotlib, default in $PYTHONPATH/matplotlib/mpl-data):

 CONFIGURATION BEGINS HERE
# the default backend; one of GTK GTKAgg GTKCairo FltkAgg QtAgg TkAgg
# Agg Cairo GD GDK Paint PS PDF SVG Template
backend  : TkAgg
numerix  : numpy  # numpy, Numeric or numarray
interactive  : True  # see 
http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/interactive.html
.

Take a look at the quoted webpage for details and troubleshooting.

Bernhard

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Re: assisging multiple values to a element in dictionary

[Carsten Haese]

On Mon, 2007-05-07 at 04:03 -0700, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> Hi,
>I have a dictionary which is something like this:
> id_lookup={
> 16:'subfunction',
> 26:'dataId',
> 34:'parameterId',
> 39:'subfunction',
> 44:'dataPackageId',
> 45:'parameterId',
> 54:'subfunction',
> 59:'dataId',
> 165:'subfunction',
> 169:'subfunction',
> 170:'dataPackageId',
> 174:'controlParameterId'
> }
>  How do i assign multiple values to the key here.Like i want the
> key 170 to take either the name 'dataPackageID' or the name
> 'LocalId'.I use this in my code,and hence if either comes it should
> work .

That sounds to me like you're translating names to numbers. If that is
true, you're much better off turning your dictionary around, making the
name the key and the corresponding number the value. That way you'll
have two keys pointing to the same value, which is perfectly legal,
whereas having one key pointing to two values is not really possible.
You could have one key pointing to a list or tuple of two values, but
it's not obvious whether that would solve your problem.

Hope this helps,

-- 
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http://informixdb.sourceforge.net


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Re: long lists

[Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch]

In <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Merrigan wrote:

> The Script it available at this url : 
> http://www.lewendewoord.co.za/theScript.py
> 
> P.S. I know it looks like crap, but I'm a n00b, and not yet through
> the OOP part of the tutorial.

One spot of really horrible runtime is the `comp_are()` function, it has
quadratic runtime. Why the funny spelling BTW?

Why are you binding the objects to new names all the time and calling
`str()` repeatedly on string objects?  The names `a`, `b` and `fn2up` are
unnecessary, you can use `file1`, `file2` and `filename` instead.  And
``str(str(b))`` on a string object is a no-operation.  It's the same as
simply writing ``b``.

Those two nested ``for``-loops can be replaced by converting both lists
into `set()` objects, calculating the difference and convert back to a
sorted list:

def compare(remote, local):
return sorted(set(local) - set(remote))

Ciao,
Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch
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Re: assisging multiple values to a element in dictionary

[John Machin]

On May 7, 10:59 pm, Carsten Haese <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Mon, 2007-05-07 at 04:03 -0700, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> > Hi,
> >I have a dictionary which is something like this:
> > id_lookup={
> > 16:'subfunction',
> > 26:'dataId',
> > 34:'parameterId',
> > 39:'subfunction',
> > 44:'dataPackageId',
> > 45:'parameterId',
> > 54:'subfunction',
> > 59:'dataId',
> > 165:'subfunction',
> > 169:'subfunction',
> > 170:'dataPackageId',
> > 174:'controlParameterId'
> > }
> >  How do i assign multiple values to the key here.Like i want the
> > key 170 to take either the name 'dataPackageID' or the name
> > 'LocalId'.I use this in my code,and hence if either comes it should
> > work .
>
> That sounds to me like you're translating names to numbers. If that is
> true, you're much better off turning your dictionary around, making the
> name the key and the corresponding number the value. That way you'll
> have two keys pointing to the same value, which is perfectly legal,
> whereas having one key pointing to two values is not really possible.
> You could have one key pointing to a list or tuple of two values, but
> it's not obvious whether that would solve your problem.
>
> Hope this helps,

Unlikely. "Turning it around" produces one key ('subfunction') with
*FIVE* different values.



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Re: assisging multiple values to a element in dictionary

[Carsten Haese]

On Mon, 2007-05-07 at 06:06 -0700, John Machin wrote:
> Unlikely. "Turning it around" produces one key ('subfunction') with
> *FIVE* different values.

Whoops! I assumed the OP's problem was reasonably well-formed and didn't
actually check if any of the values were duplicated. I guess the OP will
just have to live with the suggestion of storing tuples or lists, or
explain to us what he's actually trying to achieve.

-- 
Carsten Haese
http://informixdb.sourceforge.net


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how do you implement a reactor without a select?

[Michele Simionato]

I have always been curious about how people implement mainloops (or,
in Twisted terminology, reactors). So I sit down and I wrote the
following simple implementation:

import itertools

class SimpleReactor(object):

DELAY = 0.001 # seconds

def __init__(self):
self._event = {} # action id -> (scheduled time, action, args)
self._counter = itertools.count(1) # action id generator
self.running = False

def callLater(self, deltat, action, *args):
"""Schedule an action with arguments args in deltat seconds.
Return the action id"""
now = time.time()
i = self._counter.next()
self._event[i] = now + deltat, action, args
return i

def cancelCallLater(self, action_id):
"Cancel the action identified by action_id"
del self._event[action_id]

def default_action(self): # to be overridden
"Invoked at each lap in the mainloop"
time.sleep(self.DELAY) # don't run too fast, rest a bit

def cleanup_action(self): # to be overridden
"Invoked at the end of the mainloop"

def manage_exc(self, e):
"Invoked at each call"
raise e

def dooneevent(self):
"Perfom scheduled actions"
now = time.time()
for i, (start_time, action, args) in self._event.items():
if now >= start_time: # it's time to start the action
self.cancelCallLater(i) # don't run it again
try:
action(*args)
except Exception, e:
self.manage_exc(e)

def run(self):
"Run the main loop"
self.running = True
try:
while self.running:
self.default_action()
self.dooneevent()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print 'Stopped via CTRL-C'
finally:
self.cleanup_action()

def stop(self):
self.running = False

Notice that I copied the Twisted terminology, but
I did not look at Twisted implementation because I did not want to
use a select (I assume that the GUI mainloops do not use it either).
The trick I use is to store the actions to perform (which are
callables identified by an integer) in an event dictionary and
to run them in the mainlooop if the current time is greater than
the scheduled time.
I had to add a time.sleep(.001) call in the default_action to avoid
consuming 100%
of the CPU in the loop.
I wonder if real mainloops are done in this way and how bad/good is
this implementation compared to a serious one. Any suggestion/hint/
advice
is well appreciated. Thanks,

 Michele Simionato

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Can Python Parse an MS SQL Trace?

[kyosohma]

Hi All,

Can Python parse a trace file created with MS SQL's profiler? There
are a few thousand lines in the trace file and I need to find the
insert statements and the stored procedures. Unfortunately, I am not
an SQL guru and was hoping Python could help.

Any pointers are appreciated.

Thanks!

Mike

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Re: adding methods at runtime and lambda

[Mike]

On May 4, 5:46 pm, Peter Otten <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Mike wrote:
> > I just realized in working with this more that the issues I was having
> > with instancemethod and other things seems to be tied solely to
>
> What you describe below is a function that happens to be an attribute of an
> instance. There are also "real" instance methods that know about "their"
> instance:
>
> >>> import new
> >>> class A(object):
>
> ... def __init__(self, name):
> ... self.name = name
> ...>>> def method(self): # a function...
>
> ... print self.name
> ...>>> a = A("alpha")
> >>> b = A("beta")
> >>> a.method = new.instancemethod(method, a) # ...turned into a method...
> >>> a.method()
> alpha
> >>> b.method() # ... but only known to a specific instance of A
>
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "", line 1, in 
> AttributeError: 'A' object has no attribute 'method'
>
> > builtins like dict or object. I remember at some point just doing
> > something like:
>
> > x.fn = myfnFunction
>
> > and having it just work.
>
> With the caveat that x.fn is now an alias for myfnFunction, but doesn't get
> x passed as its first argument (conventionally named 'self') and therefore
> has no knowledge of the instance x.
>
>
>
> > If I do that with an instance of generic
> > object however, I get an AttributeError. So:
>
> > x = object()
> > x.fn = myFn
>
> > blows up. However, if I do
>
> > class nc(object):pass
> > x = nc()
> > x.fn = myFn
>
> > Then all is well.
>
> > checking for an ability on somebody is as simple as
>
> > 'fn' in dir(x)
>
> > or
>
> > hasattr(x, 'fn')
>
> > I had thought this was a lot easier than I was making it out to be.
> > What I don't know is why using an object derived from object allows
> > you to dynamically add methods like this but the base object does not.
> > At this point it is more of a curiosity than anything, but if somebody
> > knows the answer off the top of their head, that would be great.
>
> Arbitrary instance attributes are implemented via a dictionary (called
> __dict__), and that incurs a certain overhead which is sometimes better to
> avoid (think gazillion instances of some tiny class). For example, tuples
> are derived from object but don't have a __dict__.
> As a special case, what would happen if dict were to allow attributes? It
> would need a __dict__ which would have a __dict__ which would have...
> As a consequence object could no longer be the base class of all (newstyle)
> classes.
>
> Peter

Thanks.

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Re: Can Python Parse an MS SQL Trace?

[Tim Golden]

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> Can Python parse a trace file created with MS SQL's profiler? There
> are a few thousand lines in the trace file and I need to find the
> insert statements and the stored procedures. Unfortunately, I am not
> an SQL guru and was hoping Python could help.

> Mike

Mike,

Can I suggest that, since the answer is more to
do with parsing and less to do with MSSQL (which
simply generated the output) that you post an example
of a trace file to some web location to see if anyone
wants to pick up the challenge?

I'm not at work so I don't have access to MSSQL, but
I seem to remember that you can output/save as XML,
which may make things easier (or at least interest a
different group of people in having a look).

I'm quite certain it can by done by Python; I did
consider it myself a couple of months back, but my
colleague spotted the problem before I'd really got
into the code!

TJG
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Re: How do I use the config parser?

[Larry Bates]

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> Hi,
> I need a specific example. I have seen the docs, but I don't all the
> stuffs there.
> 
> So basically, I need my config file to be created and read by my
> script.
> 
> Here is a snippet
> 
> # read old actions
> from ConfigParser import ConfigParser
> 
> fp = open(makepath('App\qt_actions.conf'))
> configdict = ConfigParser()
> configdict.readfp(fp)
> 
> 
> Now I want to know how to read a section, a section attribute's value,
> and to write thoses back after reading.
> 
> Thanks
> 

The best place to start is always:

import ConfigParser
help(ConfigParser)


Example:

section='INIT'
option='logfile'

logfile=configdict.get(section, option)

most of the methods are self explanitory.

-Larry
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Re: msbin to ieee

[revuesbio]

On 7 mai, 14:56, John Machin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On May 7, 10:00 pm, revuesbio <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
>
>
> > On 7 mai, 13:21, John Machin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > > On May 7, 6:18 pm, revuesbio <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > > > On 7 mai, 03:52, John Machin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > > > > On May 7, 7:44 am, revuesbio <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > > > > > Hi
> > > > > > Does anyone have the python version of the conversion from msbin to
> > > > > > ieee?
> > > > > > Thank u
>
> > > > > Yes, Google has it. Google is your friend. Ask Google. It will lead
> > > > > you to such as:
>
> > > > >http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2005-August/337817.html
>
> > > > > HTH,
> > > > > John
>
> > > > Thank you,
>
> > > > I've already read it but the problem is always present. this script is
> > > > for double precision MBF format ( 8 bytes).
>
> > > It would have been somewhat more helpful had you said what you had
> > > done so far,  even posted your code ...
>
> > > > I try to adapt this script for single precision MBF format ( 4 bytes)
> > > > but i don't find the right float value.
>
> > > > for example : 'P\xad\x02\x95' will return '0.00024924660101532936'
>
> > > If you know what the *correct* value is, you might like to consider
> > > shifting left by log2(correct_value/erroneous_value) :-)
>
> > > Do you have any known correct pairs of (mbf4 string, decimal_float
> > > value)? My attempt is below -- this is based on a couple of
> > > descriptive sources that my friend Google found, with no test data. I
> > > believe the correct answer for the above input is 1070506.0 i.e. you
> > > are out by a factor of 2 ** 32
>
> > > def mbf4_as_float(s):
> > > m0, m1, m2, m3 = [ord(c) for c in s]
> > > exponent = m3
> > > if not exponent:
> > > return 0.0
> > > sign = m2 & 0x80
> > > m2 |= 0x80
> > > mant = (((m2 << 8) | m1) << 8) | m0
> > > adj = 24 + 128
> > > num = mant * 2.0 ** (exponent - adj)
> > > if sign:
> > > return -num
> > > return num
>
> > > HTH,
> > > John
>
> > well done ! it's exactly what i'm waiting for !!
>
> > my code was:>>> from struct import *
> > >>> x = list(unpack('','P\xad\x02\x95'))
> > >>> x
> > [80, 173, 2, 149]
> > >>> def conversion1(bytes):
>
> > b=bytes[:]
> > sign = bytes[-2] & 0x80
> > b[-2] |= 0x80
> > exp = bytes[-1] - 0x80 - 56
> > acc = 0L
> > for i,byte in enumerate(b[:-1]):
> > acc |= (long(byte)<<(i*8))
> > return (float(acc)*2.0**exp)*((1.,-1.)[sign!=0])
>
> Apart from the 2**32 problem, the above doesn't handle *any* of the
> 2**24 different representations of zero. Try feeding \0\0\0\0' to it
> and see what you get.
>
>
>
> > >>> conversion1(x)
>
> > 0.00024924660101532936
>
> > this script come from google groups but i don't understand bit-string
> > manipulation (I'm a  newbie). informations about bit-string
> > manipulation with python is too poor on the net.
>
> The basic operations (and, or, exclusive-or, shift) are not specific
> to any language. Several  languages share the same notation (& | ^ <<
>
> >>), having inherited it from C.
>
> > thank you very much for your script.
>
> Don't thank me, publish some known correct pairs of values so that we
> can verify that it's not just accidentally correct for 1 pair of
> values.

pairs of values :
(bytes string, mbf4_as_float(s) result)right
float value
('P\xad\x02\x95', 1070506.0)
1070506.0
('\x00\x00\x00\x02', 5.8774717541114375e-039) 0.0
('\x00\x00\x00\x81', 1.0)
1.0
('\x00\x00\x00\x82', 2.0)
2.0
('[EMAIL PROTECTED]', 3.0)
3.0
('\x00\x00\x00\x83', 4.0)
4.0
('\x00\x00 \x83', 5.0)
5.0
('\xcd\xcc\x0c\x81', 1.100238418579) 1.1
('\xcd\xcc\x0c\x82', 2.200476837158)  2.2
('33S\x82', 3.299523162842)  3.3
('\xcd\xcc\x0c\x83', 4.400953674316)  4.4
('\x00\x00z\x8a', 1000.0)
1000.0

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Re: Getting some element from sets.Set

[Andrew McLean]

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> In the particular case, I have to read an attribute from any one of
> the elements, which one doesn't matter because this attribute value is
> same across all elements in the set.

Someone else pointed out that there might be better data structures. If 
performance was not an issue one approach would be illustrated by the 
following:

 >>> Q=set(['A','a'])
 >>> list(set(x.upper() for x in Q))
['A']

This has the benefit that it does not assume all the elements of the set 
have the same value of the given attribute.

Again not very efficient:

 >>> list(Q)[0]
'A'

I'm guessing this would be quicker

 >>> iter(Q).next()
'A'
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Re: problem with quoted strings while inserting into varchar field of database.

[Stefan Sonnenberg-Carstens]

On Mo, 7.05.2007, 11:32, Daniele Varrazzo wrote:
> On 7 Mag, 10:46, "Stefan Sonnenberg-Carstens"
> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> On Mo, 7.05.2007, 10:30, Daniele Varrazzo wrote:
>>
>> > On 7 Mag, 08:55, "krishnakant Mane" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> >> On 6 May 2007 11:22:52 -0700, Daniele Varrazzo
>> >> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> >> Every serious database driver has a
>> >> complete and solid SQL escaping
>> >> > mechanism. This mechanism tipically involves putting placeholders
>> in
>> >> > your SQL strings and passing python data in a separate tuple or
>> >> > dictionary. Kinda
>>
>> >> > cur.execute("INSERT INTO datatable (data) VALUES (%s);",
>> >> > (pickled_data,))
>>
>> >> I will try doing that once I get back to the lab.
>> >> mean while I forgot to mention in my previous email that I use
>> MySQLdb
>> >> for python-mysql connection.
>>
>> Why not use qmark parameter passing (PEP 249) ?
>>
>> cur.execute("INSERT INTO datatable (data) VALUES (?);" ,
>> (pickled_data,))
>>
>> Then the DB driver will take care for you.
>
 import MySQLdb
 print MySQLdb.paramstyle
> format
>
> MySQLdb (as many other drivers) use format parameter passing. Not much
> difference w.r.t. qmark, at least when passing positional parameters:
> the placeholder is "%s" instead of "?". A difference is that "format"
> also allows named parameters (actually it should have been "pyformat",
> but IIRC MySQLdb can also use named placeholders, even if they
> advertise "format").
>
> Anyway it is only a matter of placeholder style: they both allow the
> driver to take care of data escaping, the concept the OT didn't know
> about.
>
> -- Daniele
>
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>
>
%s is not a placeholder IMHO.
What happens when using %s is, that the string given will be inserted where
%s is; that is something python does as with every print or such.
By using the qmark style, it is up the the implementation of the
cursor.execute method to decide what to do. python itself, and it's string
implementation, don't know anything to do with the qmark.
So, IMHO it *makes* a difference:
with %s the execute function sees a string and nothing more as the
parameters are consumed away by the % substitution.
with ?, the execute implementation must do it's best, it gets a string and
a list/tuple with values.

Cheers,
Stefan
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Re: Getting some element from sets.Set

[Christopher Arndt]

On 4 Mai, 10:23, "[EMAIL PROTECTED]" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
wrote:
> > > It is not possible to index set objects. That is OK.
> > > But, what if I want to find some element from the Set.
>
> In the particular case, I have to read an attribute from any one of
> the elements, which one doesn't matter because this attribute value is
> same across all elements in the set.

Just to clarify: do you want to just get an *arbitrary* element from
the set or do you want to find a *specific* element in the set?

In the first case you have to convert it to a list (as pointed out
earlier in this thread):

>>> s = set(range(10))
>>> list(s)[0]
0

In the second case, just use th "in" operator:

>>> 10 in s
False
>>> 5 in s
True

Since you have to have a reference to the object for whose membership
you are testing, you can just use this object.

Stupid example:

>>> class Point:
... def __init__(self, x, y):
... self.x = x
... self.y = y
...
>>> l = [Point(n,n+2) for n in range(10)]
>>> s = set(l)
>>> Point(0,2) in s
False
>>> l[0] in s
True
>>>
>>> l[0].x,l[0].y
(0, 2)


Chris

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RE: Strange terminal behavior after quitting Tkinter application

[Hamilton, William]

> From: Chris
> > I'll admit to being surprised at seeing a claim that a
tkinter
> > application, started within an interactive session, without a
mainloop,
> > even runs... I could see it maybe happening from Idle, since Idle is
> > running a tkinter mainloop, so the application bindings may have
just
> > become "added widgets" to the Idle loop (but of course, a second
> > mainloop would conflict heavily).
> 
> You can try by building a working Tkinter GUI interactively from the
> standard Python interpreter, and see that the GUI works (i.e.
> processes events) at the same time.
> 


If you build it as a class (such as the code in Chris's original post)
it works; if you do it all directly, nothing happens until you run
mainloop().  It works, but I'm not sure that it was intended to work
that way.  I think your problem is related to that difference.

You'll probably be better off creating a new interpreter window as part
of your program, if you really need access to the interpreter alongside
your GUI.  You may be able to extract IDLE's interpreter window and use
it directly.


---
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Re: msbin to ieee

[John Machin]

On May 7, 10:00 pm, revuesbio <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On 7 mai, 13:21, John Machin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
>
>
> > On May 7, 6:18 pm, revuesbio <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > > On 7 mai, 03:52, John Machin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > > > On May 7, 7:44 am, revuesbio <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > > > > Hi
> > > > > Does anyone have the python version of the conversion from msbin to
> > > > > ieee?
> > > > > Thank u
>
> > > > Yes, Google has it. Google is your friend. Ask Google. It will lead
> > > > you to such as:
>
> > > >http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2005-August/337817.html
>
> > > > HTH,
> > > > John
>
> > > Thank you,
>
> > > I've already read it but the problem is always present. this script is
> > > for double precision MBF format ( 8 bytes).
>
> > It would have been somewhat more helpful had you said what you had
> > done so far,  even posted your code ...
>
> > > I try to adapt this script for single precision MBF format ( 4 bytes)
> > > but i don't find the right float value.
>
> > > for example : 'P\xad\x02\x95' will return '0.00024924660101532936'
>
> > If you know what the *correct* value is, you might like to consider
> > shifting left by log2(correct_value/erroneous_value) :-)
>
> > Do you have any known correct pairs of (mbf4 string, decimal_float
> > value)? My attempt is below -- this is based on a couple of
> > descriptive sources that my friend Google found, with no test data. I
> > believe the correct answer for the above input is 1070506.0 i.e. you
> > are out by a factor of 2 ** 32
>
> > def mbf4_as_float(s):
> > m0, m1, m2, m3 = [ord(c) for c in s]
> > exponent = m3
> > if not exponent:
> > return 0.0
> > sign = m2 & 0x80
> > m2 |= 0x80
> > mant = (((m2 << 8) | m1) << 8) | m0
> > adj = 24 + 128
> > num = mant * 2.0 ** (exponent - adj)
> > if sign:
> > return -num
> > return num
>
> > HTH,
> > John
>
> well done ! it's exactly what i'm waiting for !!
>
> my code was:>>> from struct import *
> >>> x = list(unpack('','P\xad\x02\x95'))
> >>> x
> [80, 173, 2, 149]
> >>> def conversion1(bytes):
>
> b=bytes[:]
> sign = bytes[-2] & 0x80
> b[-2] |= 0x80
> exp = bytes[-1] - 0x80 - 56
> acc = 0L
> for i,byte in enumerate(b[:-1]):
> acc |= (long(byte)<<(i*8))
> return (float(acc)*2.0**exp)*((1.,-1.)[sign!=0])

Apart from the 2**32 problem, the above doesn't handle *any* of the
2**24 different representations of zero. Try feeding \0\0\0\0' to it
and see what you get.

>
> >>> conversion1(x)
>
> 0.00024924660101532936
>
> this script come from google groups but i don't understand bit-string
> manipulation (I'm a  newbie). informations about bit-string
> manipulation with python is too poor on the net.

The basic operations (and, or, exclusive-or, shift) are not specific
to any language. Several  languages share the same notation (& | ^ <<
>>), having inherited it from C.

>
> thank you very much for your script.

Don't thank me, publish some known correct pairs of values so that we
can verify that it's not just accidentally correct for 1 pair of
values.



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Re: how do you implement a reactor without a select?

[Diez B. Roggisch]

> Notice that I copied the Twisted terminology, but
> I did not look at Twisted implementation because I did not want to
> use a select (I assume that the GUI mainloops do not use it either).

Why do you assume that? It's a wrong assumption. Yielding a thread/process
until the OS wakes it up because of IO to be performed is the proper way to
go. And at least in unix, IO is _everything_, also mouse-movements and
keyboard events. Most probably the OS will have specialized APIs (or some
wrapper lib has) that allow for reactor registration for events of
different kinds including timers. But basically, it's select - I mean you
could easily offer a timer as a file-object as well. Not sure if that's
done though.

> The trick I use is to store the actions to perform (which are
> callables identified by an integer) in an event dictionary and
> to run them in the mainlooop if the current time is greater than
> the scheduled time.
> I had to add a time.sleep(.001) call in the default_action to avoid
> consuming 100%
> of the CPU in the loop.
> I wonder if real mainloops are done in this way and how bad/good is
> this implementation compared to a serious one. Any suggestion/hint/
> advice
> is well appreciated. Thanks,

It's ok, but of course more wasteful than it needs to be - better would be
full delegation to the OS.

Diez
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Re: Can Python Parse an MS SQL Trace?

[kyosohma]

On May 7, 8:34 am, Tim Golden <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> > Can Python parse a trace file created with MS SQL's profiler? There
> > are a few thousand lines in the trace file and I need to find the
> > insert statements and the stored procedures. Unfortunately, I am not
> > an SQL guru and was hoping Python could help.
> > Mike
>
> Mike,
>
> Can I suggest that, since the answer is more to
> do with parsing and less to do with MSSQL (which
> simply generated the output) that you post an example
> of a trace file to some web location to see if anyone
> wants to pick up the challenge?
>
> I'm not at work so I don't have access to MSSQL, but
> I seem to remember that you can output/save as XML,
> which may make things easier (or at least interest a
> different group of people in having a look).
>
> I'm quite certain it can by done by Python; I did
> consider it myself a couple of months back, but my
> colleague spotted the problem before I'd really got
> into the code!
>
> TJG

Good point. Unfortunately, I think our SQL Server must be too old for
xml (we have version 8). The only save options I see is Trace
Template, Trace File, Trace Table and SQL Script.

Mike

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Unittest Automation

[Calvin Spealman]

I'm trying to find a better way, a shell one-liner, that I can use to
recurse through my project, find all my test_ modules, aggregate the
TestCase classes into a suite, and run all my tests. Basically, what
py.test does out of the box. Why am I having such trouble doing it?

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Re: problem with quoted strings while inserting into varchar field of database.

[Daniele Varrazzo]

> >> >> > cur.execute("INSERT INTO datatable (data) VALUES (%s);",
> >> >> > (pickled_data,))

> %s is not a placeholder IMHO.

> What happens when using %s is, that the string given will be inserted where
> %s is; that is something python does as with every print or such.

It is indeed. The behavior you describe would be true if i had used
the "%" operator. Read better what i have written: There is no "%"
operator.

cur.execute() receives 2 parameters: a SQL string with placeholders
and a tuple with values: it's not me mangling values into the SQL
string. This is the driver responsibility and it has the chance
because it receives SQL and values as two distinct parameters. The
driver can ask the SQL string to contain placeholders either in qmark
"?" or in format "%s" style, but there is no functional difference.
Notice that the placeholder is always "%s" and not "%d" or "%f" for
integers or float: there is always an escaping phase converting each
python object into a properly encoded string and then the placeholders
are replaced with the value. This happens into the execute()
machinery.

> By using the qmark style, it is up the the implementation of the
> cursor.execute method to decide what to do. python itself, and it's string
> implementation, don't know anything to do with the qmark.
> So, IMHO it *makes* a difference:
> with %s the execute function sees a string and nothing more as the
> parameters are consumed away by the % substitution.
> with ?, the execute implementation must do it's best, it gets a string and
> a list/tuple with values.

Again, this would be true for "cur.execute(sql % data)": what i wrote
is "cur.execute(sql, data)".

-- Daniele

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Re: problem with quoted strings while inserting into varchar field of database.

[Stefan Sonnenberg-Carstens]

On Mo, 7.05.2007, 16:26, Daniele Varrazzo wrote:
>> >> >> > cur.execute("INSERT INTO datatable (data) VALUES (%s);",
>> >> >> > (pickled_data,))
>
>> %s is not a placeholder IMHO.
>
>> What happens when using %s is, that the string given will be inserted
>> where
>> %s is; that is something python does as with every print or such.
>
> It is indeed. The behavior you describe would be true if i had used
> the "%" operator. Read better what i have written: There is no "%"
> operator.
>
> cur.execute() receives 2 parameters: a SQL string with placeholders
> and a tuple with values: it's not me mangling values into the SQL
> string. This is the driver responsibility and it has the chance
> because it receives SQL and values as two distinct parameters. The
> driver can ask the SQL string to contain placeholders either in qmark
> "?" or in format "%s" style, but there is no functional difference.
> Notice that the placeholder is always "%s" and not "%d" or "%f" for
> integers or float: there is always an escaping phase converting each
> python object into a properly encoded string and then the placeholders
> are replaced with the value. This happens into the execute()
> machinery.
>
>> By using the qmark style, it is up the the implementation of the
>> cursor.execute method to decide what to do. python itself, and it's
>> string
>> implementation, don't know anything to do with the qmark.
>> So, IMHO it *makes* a difference:
>> with %s the execute function sees a string and nothing more as the
>> parameters are consumed away by the % substitution.
>> with ?, the execute implementation must do it's best, it gets a string
>> and
>> a list/tuple with values.
>
> Again, this would be true for "cur.execute(sql % data)": what i wrote
> is "cur.execute(sql, data)".
>
> -- Daniele
>
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>
>
Ashes on my head.

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Re: how do you implement a reactor without a select?

[Alex Martelli]

Michele Simionato <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> I wonder if real mainloops are done in this way and how bad/good is
> this implementation compared to a serious one. Any suggestion/hint/
> advice is well appreciated. Thanks,

Module sched in Python's standard library may suggest one clearly-better
approach: when you know in advance when future events are scheduled for,
sleep accordingly (rather than polling every millisecond).  sched's
sources are simple enough to study, and its architecture clean and
strong enough that it's easy to extend to other cases, e.g. where
previously-unscheduled events may be delivered from other threads,
without necessarily hacking the sources.

Specifically, sched implements the Dependency Injection DP: rather than
just calling time.time and time.sleep, it accepts those two callables
upon initialization.  This makes it easy, among many other
customizations, to pass instead of time.sleep a user-coded callable
(typically a bound method) that "sleeps" by a wait-with-timeout on a
Queue (so that other threads, by putting an event on the Queue in
question, immediately wake up the scheduler, etc, etc).


Alex
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Re: problem with quoted strings while inserting into varchar field of database.

[Daniele Varrazzo]

> Ashes on my head.

My fault: the difference is hard to spot indeed in the rather long
line of the example. I should have been more explicit stating that the
differences were:

 1. missing explicit quotes around the placeholders (they are part of
the escaped values),

 2. no % operator: two parameters are passed instead.

Best regards,

-- Daniele

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Re: problem with quoted strings while inserting into varchar field of database.

[Carsten Haese]

On Mon, 2007-05-07 at 07:26 -0700, Daniele Varrazzo wrote:
> > >> >> > cur.execute("INSERT INTO datatable (data) VALUES (%s);",
> > >> >> > (pickled_data,))
> 
> > %s is not a placeholder IMHO.
> 
> > What happens when using %s is, that the string given will be inserted where
> > %s is; that is something python does as with every print or such.
> 
> It is indeed. The behavior you describe would be true if i had used
> the "%" operator. Read better what i have written: There is no "%"
> operator.

This confusion is precisely why I think the (py)format paramstyles
should be deprecated in a future version of the DB-API spec. Question
marks make it immediately obvious that something other than string
formatting is happening, and if I'm not mistaken, question marks are SQL
standard.

-- 
Carsten Haese
http://informixdb.sourceforge.net


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Re: BUSTED!!! 100% VIDEO EVIDENCE that WTC7 was controlled demolition!! NEW FOOTAGE!!! Ask yourself WHY havn't I seen this footage before?

[James Beck]

In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
says...
> On Sat, 05 May 2007 07:54:50 +0100, Eeyore
> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> 
> >
> >
> >quasi wrote:
> >
> >> Gib Bogle wrote:
> >>
> >> >Ah, so the firefighters were in on the conspiracy!
> >>
> >> No, but the firefighters are very much aware that there is more to
> >> 9/11 than has been officially revealed.
> >>
> >> This is even more true at Pentagon. The firefighters there brought
> >> dogs trained to search for survivors and/or remains
> >
> >Sounds like good practice.
> >
> >
> >> and found nothing.
> >
> >And the significance of this is ?
> 
> The plane was supposed to have passengers.
> 
> quasi
> 
Yep, and they found them all, therefore, there were none for the dogs to 
find.  

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Recommended validating XML parser?

[Kirk Strauser]

We're looking for a current, supported, validating XML parser.  Since it
seems like there are a few thousand out there, I though we'd see what
everyone else is using.

Bonus points if it can do something like:

>>> foo = XMLParser("""

3000

""", dtd=file('/etc/weightfile.dtd'))

>>> print foo.weight
3000

...or some variant on that theme.
-- 
Kirk Strauser
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Re: problem with quoted strings while inserting into varchar field of database.

[Stefan Sonnenberg-Carstens]

On Mo, 7.05.2007, 16:50, Carsten Haese wrote:
> On Mon, 2007-05-07 at 07:26 -0700, Daniele Varrazzo wrote:
>> > >> >> > cur.execute("INSERT INTO datatable (data) VALUES (%s);",
>> > >> >> > (pickled_data,))
>>
>> > %s is not a placeholder IMHO.
>>
>> > What happens when using %s is, that the string given will be inserted
>> where
>> > %s is; that is something python does as with every print or such.
>>
>> It is indeed. The behavior you describe would be true if i had used
>> the "%" operator. Read better what i have written: There is no "%"
>> operator.
>
> This confusion is precisely why I think the (py)format paramstyles
> should be deprecated in a future version of the DB-API spec. Question
> marks make it immediately obvious that something other than string
> formatting is happening, and if I'm not mistaken, question marks are SQL
> standard.
>
> --
> Carsten Haese
> http://informixdb.sourceforge.net
>
>
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>
>
At least, qmark style is well known to people working with
prepared stmts etc.
They look "natural" - and avoid (even my!) mistakes.
On python-forum.de there was a discussion regarding inserting
data into a sqlite db recently. If I remember correctly the guy
was using the "%s" % data approach (yes, % operator) and failed.
The pysqlite driver did the right thing using the qmark style.
Even in the "Python phrasebook" there are examples of this ugly style.

A deprecation warning for now would be fine.
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Re: how do you implement a reactor without a select?

[Michele Simionato]

On May 7, 4:39 pm, [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Alex Martelli) wrote:
> Michele Simionato <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > I wonder if real mainloops are done in this way and how bad/good is
> > this implementation compared to a serious one. Any suggestion/hint/
> > advice is well appreciated. Thanks,
>
> Module sched in Python's standard library may suggest one clearly-better
> approach: when you know in advance when future events are scheduled for,
> sleep accordingly (rather than polling every millisecond).  sched's
> sources are simple enough to study, and its architecture clean and
> strong enough that it's easy to extend to other cases, e.g. where
> previously-unscheduled events may be delivered from other threads,
> without necessarily hacking the sources.
>
> Specifically, sched implements the Dependency Injection DP: rather than
> just calling time.time and time.sleep, it accepts those two callables
> upon initialization.  This makes it easy, among many other
> customizations, to pass instead of time.sleep a user-coded callable
> (typically a bound method) that "sleeps" by a wait-with-timeout on a
> Queue (so that other threads, by putting an event on the Queue in
> question, immediately wake up the scheduler, etc, etc).
>
> Alex

I know about sched (it was the first thing I looked at): the problem
is that sched
adopt a blocking approach and it basically requires threads, whereas I
wanted to
avoid them. Diez B. Roggisch's reply is closer to my expectations:

>> Most probably the OS will have specialized APIs (or some
>> wrapper lib has) that allow for reactor registration for events of different
>> kinds including timers.

But what kind of specialized API do I have at my disposition for
timers on Linux?
It looks like this is the question I should have asked the first
time ;)


Michele Simionato

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SkimpyGimpy PNG canvas w/ Javascript mouse tracking

[aaronwmail-usenet]

ANN: SkimpyGimpy PNG canvas has Javascript mouse tracking

The SkimpyGimpy PNG image canvas now can generate
Javascript data structures which allow HTML pages
to intelligently respond to mouse events over the
image.

Please read about the SkimpyGimpy Canvas and look at
the mouse tracking example here:

http://skimpygimpy.sourceforge.net/canvas.html

The SkimpyGimpy main page is here:

http://skimpygimpy.sourceforge.net/

BACKGROUND:

SkimpyGimpy is a collection of tools for generating
HTML visual, PNG image, and WAVE audio components
for use in web based applications including CAPTCHA
implementations (Completely Automated Public Turing
test to tell Computers and Humans Apart) and PNG
image creation tools with Javascript mouse tracking
support.

  I hope you like.  -- Aaron Watters

===

Sometimes say sometimes.

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Re: Recommended validating XML parser?

[Stefan Behnel]

Kirk Strauser wrote:
> We're looking for a current, supported, validating XML parser.  Since it
> seems like there are a few thousand out there, I though we'd see what
> everyone else is using.

You are asking for lxml, right?

http://codespeak.net/lxml/


> Bonus points if it can do something like:
> 
> >>> foo = XMLParser("""
> 
> 3000
> 
> """, dtd=file('/etc/weightfile.dtd'))
> 
> >>> print foo.weight
> 3000
> 
> ...or some variant on that theme.

Not currently supported, only document internal DTD references are used. But
you can always validate the document *after* parsing, be it with DTD,
XMLSchema or RNG.

BTW, adding this would be straight forward. The implementation is there, it's
just not available at the API level (and I'm not sure enough how it should
look like...)

Stefan
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Re: ftplib acting weird

[Carlos Hanson]

On May 4, 3:43 am, Merrigan <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Hi All,
>
> I have written a little script to upload some files to an ftp folder.
> The problem is as follows :
>
> I wrote the script on my windows laptop, and I want to run it from
> mylinux server. Everything worked fine so I uploaded it to my linux
> machine. Every time I tun the script I get the following error:
>
> ***
>
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] ftpsync]# python ftpsync.py
> !!
> The Connection to the Server Could not be established.
> Please Check all neccesary settings and run the script again.
> Thank you
> !!
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "ftpsync.py", line 194, in ?
> ftplisting()
>   File "ftpsync.py", line 83, in ftplisting
> ftpconn.cwd(remotedir) #This changes to the remote directory
>   File "/usr/lib64/python2.4/ftplib.py", line 494, in cwd
> return self.voidcmd(cmd)
>   File "/usr/lib64/python2.4/ftplib.py", line 245, in voidcmd
> self.putcmd(cmd)
>   File "/usr/lib64/python2.4/ftplib.py", line 175, in putcmd
> self.putline(line)
>   File "/usr/lib64/python2.4/ftplib.py", line 170, in putline
> self.sock.sendall(line)
> AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'sendall'
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] ftpsync]#
>
> ***
>
> When I copy the same piece of scripting and run it from the python
> command shell, it works...
>
> what am I doing wrong? I have double checked everything about a
> million times, but to no avail.
>
> Blessings!

Can you show the code?

--
Carlos Hanson

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Re: c macros in python.

[Cameron Laird]

In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Amaury Forgeot d'Arc  <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>[EMAIL PROTECTED] a écrit :
>> Hey,
>> 
>> I'm writing a script to generate code. I'm a bit tired of typing
>> outfile.write(). Does python have a way to c-like macros? Every
>> instance of o(...) in the code will be replaced by outfile.write(...)?
>
>First: Python has no macro facility.
.
.
.
For the sake of completeness, I want to note that the standard
distribution includes Tools/Scripts/ifdef.py, and pyparsing now
has an example macro preprocessor.  Neither of these would be
the correct response to the original question, of course, but 
they might interest other readers who believe they need "c-like
macros".
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Python-URL! - weekly Python news and links (May 7)

[Cameron Laird]

QOTW:  "As a general rule, *ALL* multithread operations are at least that
troublesome, and most are far more so." - Gary Herron

"I'm a recent, belated convert from Perl.  I work in a physics lab and have
been using Python to automate a lot of measurement equipment lately.  It
works fabulously for this purpose." - Dan Lenski


It *is* possible to copy a function--by replication of all its attributes.
John Nagle explains why it's so difficult:

http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/2dfe7d6b150a0ec/

If you think you need a macro as C knows it in your Python code,
you're almost certainly missing a far easier solution:

http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/4cda4dc6b78b94a9/

If you think you need difficult quoting to move your data from
Python to a standard database, you're almost certainly missing
an easier standard solution, perhaps involving parameter passing:

http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/7bf20c46b6e1f29e/

If you think you need abstruse (extended) regular expressions
for your parsing ... well, maybe you're right.  Informed opinion
on this one is divided:
 
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/a54607d8f2232a68/

Maxim Veksler exhibits more than a thousand non-blocking sockets
all listening simultaneously.  Jean-Paul Calderone shows how 
twisted does 'em better:

http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/f0d3dd52e754c1d0/

Microsoft's DLR appears to have substance:

http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/360c79cf6093d713/

<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> bounced for a while.  Resend requests that
were lost, please:

http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/3be0130e02ddcca4/

This is almost Foundational:  how does one receive one element from a
Set?  
 
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/4392b09c281feca2/

Many agitate for Python to build in a different GUI toolkit.
Jeremiah Foster makes clear how to work with one of the
alternatives--wxPython for Mac OS X:
 
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_thread/thread/f73834fb0238d880/



Everything Python-related you want is probably one or two clicks away in
these pages:

Python.org's Python Language Website is the traditional
center of Pythonia
http://www.python.org
Notice especially the master FAQ
http://www.python.org/doc/FAQ.html

PythonWare complements the digest you're reading with the
marvelous daily python url
 http://www.pythonware.com/daily
Mygale is a news-gathering webcrawler that specializes in (new)
World-Wide Web articles related to Python.
 http://www.awaretek.com/nowak/mygale.html
While cosmetically similar, Mygale and the Daily Python-URL
are utterly different in their technologies and generally in
their results.

For far, FAR more Python reading than any one mind should
absorb, much of it quite interesting, Planet Python indexes
much of the universe of Pybloggers.
http://www.planetpython.org/

The Python Papers aims to publish "the efforts of Python enthusiats".
http://pythonpapers.org/

Readers have recommended the "Planet" sites:
http://planetpython.org
http://planet.python.org

comp.lang.python.announce announces new Python software.  Be
sure to scan this newsgroup weekly.

http://groups.google.com/groups?oi=djq&as_ugroup=comp.lang.python.announce

Python411 indexes "podcasts ... to help people learn Python ..."
Updates appear more-than-weekly:
http://www.awaretek.com/python/index.html

Steve Bethard continues the marvelous tradition early borne by
Andrew Kuchling, Michael Hudson, Brett Cannon, Tony Meyer, and Tim
Lesher of intelligently summarizing action on the python-dev mailing
list once every other week.
http://www.python.org/dev/summary/

The Python Package Index catalogues packages.
http://www.python.org/pypi/

The somewhat older Vaults of Parnassus ambitiously collects references
to all sorts of Python resources.
http://www.vex.net/~x/parnassus/

Much of Python's real work takes place on Special-Interest Group
mailing lists
http://www.python.org/sigs/

Python Success Stories--from air-traffic control to on-line
match-making--can inspire you or decision-makers to whom you're
subject with a vision of what the language makes practical.
http://www.pythonology.com/success

The Python Software Foundation (PSF) has replaced the Python
Consortium as an independent nexus of activity.  It has official
responsibilit

building python from source on HP

[Edwin . Madari]

appreciate hints or pointers for building python on HP.

running 'make test'  fails with following cryptic message,  after running 
configure, & make. Attempting to build python from source on HP-UX  
B.11.11 U 9000/800 3314646674 unlimited-user license

*** Error exit code 1
Stop.

not sure if output from configure and make would make a difference. If so I can 
send them.

thanks in advance
Edwin




The information contained in this message and any attachment may be
proprietary, confidential, and privileged or subject to the work
product doctrine and thus protected from disclosure.  If the reader
of this message is not the intended recipient, or an employee or
agent responsible for delivering this message to the intended
recipient, you are hereby notified that any dissemination,
distribution or copying of this communication is strictly prohibited.
If you have received this communication in error, please notify me
immediately by replying to this message and deleting it and all
copies and backups thereof.  Thank you.

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Re: long lists

[half . italian]

On May 7, 5:14 am, Merrigan <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On May 7, 10:18 am, Steven D'Aprano
>
>
>
> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> > On Mon, 07 May 2007 00:28:14 -0700, Merrigan wrote:
> > > 1. I have the script popping all the files that need to be checked into
> > > a list, and have it parsing the list for everything...Now the problem is
> > > this : The sever needs to check (at the moment) 375 files and eliminate
> > > those that don't need reuploading. This number will obviously get bigger
> > > and bigger as more files gets uploaded. Now, the problem that I'm having
> > > is that the script is taking forever to parse the list and give the
> > > final result. How can I speed this up?
>
> > By writing faster code???
>
> > It's really hard to answer this without more information. In particular:
>
> > - what's the format of the list and how do you parse it?
>
> > - how does the script decide what files need uploading?
>
> > --
> > Steven.
>
> Hi, Thanx for the reply,
>
> The Script it available at this url 
> :http://www.lewendewoord.co.za/theScript.py
>
> P.S. I know it looks like crap, but I'm a n00b, and not yet through
> the OOP part of the tutorial.
>
> Thanx in advance!

Do you have access to the machine via ssh?  I would try to get away
from FTP and use rsync for this kind of thing if possible.

~Sean

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Latest errors on pickled objects and blob datatypes in mysql

[krishnakant Mane]

hello,
finally the errors for my sql query have changed so I have even
changed the thread subject because I feel now that this is not doable
in mysql and this seams to be a bug, ither in python or the MySQLdb
module or perhaps both.
my table is called testobj and the blob field is called obj.
now following is my query with the cursor named CSRInsert.
CSRInsert.execute("insert into testobj (obj) values (?);",(pickled_object))
the error is,
"type error, not all arguments formatted during string formatting ".

can some one now figure out what could be the problem?
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getmtime differs between Py2.5 and Py2.4

[Josef Dalcolmo]

I tried this on Windows only:

In Python 2.4 os.path.getmtime returned the local time,
in Python 2.5 it seems to return GMT:

import os, time
print ctime.time(os.path.getmtime(foo))

differs on Python 2.4 and Python 2.5 by the timezone.

Now, the implementation of the two stat calls differs on Windows
between the two versions.

I actually like the new behaviour better, because I believe the
reported time of a file should not depend on the timezone or other
local settings, however the old behaviour is the time also Windows
shows - and there is an incompatibility.

Is this a bug? 

- Josef
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Re: how do you implement a reactor without a select?

[[EMAIL PROTECTED]]

Michele Simionato wrote:
> Notice that I copied the Twisted terminology, but
> I did not look at Twisted implementation because I did not want to
> use a select (I assume that the GUI mainloops do not use it either).
> The trick I use is to store the actions to perform (which are
> callables identified by an integer) in an event dictionary and
> to run them in the mainlooop if the current time is greater than
> the scheduled time.
> I had to add a time.sleep(.001) call in the default_action to avoid
> consuming 100%
> of the CPU in the loop.

Busy-looping like that is ugly and inefficient, even with the sleep
thrown in.

Most GUI main loops _do_ use either select() or poll().  When Xt/GTK/
Qt/etc have function like "gtk_add_input" which takes an fd that
you'll get notified about if it's written to while you're in the main
loop, that's just adding another fd to the select() loop.

There are other ways to wait for events on an fd, but they tend to be
less portable.  Depending on your Unix flavor, epoll, /dev/poll,
kqueues, kevent, queued realtime signals, or something else might be
available from the OS (but probably not from Python without futzing
with ctypes or writing an extension).  If you want details, check out
http://www.kegel.com/c10k.html

The alternatives usually aren't really faster unless you have hundreds
of connections, though--select/poll have major portability advantages,
so go with them unless you have a compelling reason.

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After the Deletion of Google Answers, . U Got Questions Fills the Gap Answering and Asking the Tough Questions

[Leisure . 208]

My friend asked some tough questions 
http://ugotquestions.blogspot.com/2007_05_01_archive.html
unlike yahoo answers ( Which Generates Content with Answers ) U got
questions picks only the best, Real Person Questions.,yeah so there is
this second book called E.T. and the BOOK OF THE GREEN PLANET... yeah,
what happens in it... i heard he dies, and what happend to elliot
this has been bugging me for years...so someone please tell
mehttp://ugotquestions.blogspot.com/2007_04_01_archive.html - i start
my car and shut it off 4 to 5 times it starts fine but when i continue
repeat this procedure for another 2 to 3 times then it dies. it doesnt
start at all. the headlights and all other lights dont go dim so might
not be the battery. then i have to wait for 3 to 5 minutes for it to
start again. it does crank slowly sometime then start. the alternator
was replaced 2 years ago so was the battery. the car has 129000miles
its 01 maxima. automatic. as far as i think it could be the
starter...http://ugotquestions.blogspot.com/2007/05/y-alert-yahoo-
answers_7473.html 1- if you ask anyone in the town that: Are you a
wise human? and he says yes, what you can say about him? 2- tree
mathematicians are talking about their trip to this town: 1st man
says: in my trip to the town, I ask John (a people of the town) are
you a wise human? and with his reply, I could not rcognize what is he.
2nd man says: I also ask John are you a loony human? and with his
reply, I could not recognize what is he too. 3rd man says: I also ask
John are you a wise devil? and with his...http://
ugotquestions.blogspot.com/2007/05/y-alert-yahoo-answers_7075.html
Which major should I choose before law school if I want to practice
criminal and civil law and I also want in the future be a judge.The
majors that I like are criminal justice,politcal science and
finance.But I don't know which should I choose.I already know the
speech that law schools don't care about your mayor but I want to know
which one of those three could help me more in my goals fo practice
criminal and civil law and be a judge.Thanks a lothttp://
ugotquestions.blogspot.com/2007/05/y-alert-yahoo-answers_6058.html
Everyday I wake up to my mom yelling about something I did. All she
does is come home from work sit on the couch and watch a movie she
gets from blockbuster everyday while we are suppose to be doing
chores. She dosnt let us watch her movies becuase she pays for them,.
we dont have cable and we havnt gone grocery shopping in two months
becuase she says we dont hav the money.( while she gets take out
everyday at work and a blockbuster movie everyday to. )She told me i
cant wash my clothes for... shaw loves this.

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Re: Latest errors on pickled objects and blob datatypes in mysql

[Daniele Varrazzo]

On 7 Mag, 19:08, "krishnakant Mane" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> hello,
> finally the errors for my sql query have changed so I have even
> changed the thread subject because I feel now that this is not doable
> in mysql and this seams to be a bug, ither in python or the MySQLdb
> module or perhaps both.

And why not also a bug in MySQL? Or a neutrino hitting your CPU
changing a 0 into an 1? Doesn't the Occam razor suggest it may be your
fault? :)

> my table is called testobj and the blob field is called obj.
> now following is my query with the cursor named CSRInsert.
> CSRInsert.execute("insert into testobj (obj) values (?);",(pickled_object))
> the error is,
> "type error, not all arguments formatted during string formatting ".
>
> can some one now figure out what could be the problem?

Please, read the fine manual.

if you had read the DBAPI documentation as previously suggested, you
would know that you MUST use "%s" placeholder, not "?" (because
MySQLdb.paramstyle == 'format'). Just replace the placeholder in your
sql string and keep passing sql and values as two distinct arguments.

The second argument of the execute() method MUST be a tuple (or a
mapping for named parameters, but let's stick to the positional ones).
"(pickled_object)" is not a tuple, it is just an object in
parenthesis. To represent a tuple with a single argument you must
write "(pickled_object,)", notice the trailing comma.

Try:

CSRInsert.execute("insert into testobj (obj) values (%s);",
(pickled_object,))

-- Daniele

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Re: Unittest Automation

[bourbaki]

On May 7, 7:29 am, "Calvin Spealman" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> I'm trying to find a better way, a shell one-liner, that I can use to
> recurse through my project, find all my test_ modules, aggregate the
> TestCase classes into a suite, and run all my tests. Basically, what
> py.test does out of the box. Why am I having such trouble doing it?
>
> --
> Read my blog! I depend on your acceptance of my opinion! I am 
> interesting!http://ironfroggy-code.blogspot.com/

See Nose

...

nose provides an alternate test discovery and running process for
unittest, one that is intended to mimic the behavior of py.test as
much as is reasonably possible without resorting to too much magic.

...

http://somethingaboutorange.com/mrl/projects/nose/

Cheers,
--Norm

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Re: Latest errors on pickled objects and blob datatypes in mysql

[Daniele Varrazzo]

On 7 Mag, 19:08, "krishnakant Mane" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> hello,
> finally the errors for my sql query have changed so I have even
> changed the thread subject because I feel now that this is not doable
> in mysql and this seams to be a bug, ither in python or the MySQLdb
> module or perhaps both.

And why not also a bug in MySQL? Or a neutrino hitting your CPU
changing a 0 into an 1? Doesn't the Occam razor suggest it may be your
fault? :)

> my table is called testobj and the blob field is called obj.
> now following is my query with the cursor named CSRInsert.
> CSRInsert.execute("insert into testobj (obj) values (?);",(pickled_object))
> the error is,
> "type error, not all arguments formatted during string formatting ".
>
> can some one now figure out what could be the problem?

Please, read the fine manual.

if you had read the DBAPI documentation as previously suggested, you
would know that you MUST use "%s" placeholder, not "?" (because
MySQLdb.paramstyle == 'format'). Just replace the placeholder in your
sql string and keep passing sql and values as two distinct arguments.

The second argument of the execute() method MUST be a tuple (or a
mapping for named parameters, but let's stick to the positional ones).
"(pickled_object)" is not a tuple, it is just an object in
parenthesis. To represent a tuple with a single argument you must
write "(pickled_object,)", notice the trailing comma.

Try:

CSRInsert.execute("insert into testobj (obj) values (%s);",
(pickled_object,))

-- Daniele

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Simulating simple electric circuits

[Bjoern Schliessmann]

Hello all,

I'm trying to simulate simple electric logic (asynchronous)
circuits. By "simple" I mean that I only want to know if I
have "current" or "no current" (it's quite digital) and the only
elements need to be (with some level of abstraction to my specific
problem)

- sources (here begin currents)
- ground (here end currents)
- joints
- switches (which are able to let current pass or not, depending on
  outside influence)
- loads (which can signal change in current flow to the outside --
  just like a light bulb)

Is there any library for this? I couldn't find one.

I tried to implement this using objects that are two-way linked;
every object has "ports". For every port, there is 

- an input function (that is called by the neighbour if "current"
comes in)
- a reference to the neighbour's input function, to be able to let
current flow the other way

There is a master "current controller" object which tells
the "source" object to start a "current" by calling its neighbour.
The calls traverse the network until they reach a "ground" object.
Specifically, the source passes a "telegram" instance with these
calls, and everyone it passes through "registers" himself with it
(telegrams are duplicated at joints). Then, the ground object calls
back to the controller with all received telegrams. Like this I'm
already able to get all possible ways through the network. 

But that's where my ideas go out. Let's assume there is a load in
the middle of such a current, e. g. a light bulb. So if the current
flows through it it gets notice of this because there is a telegram
passing through it. But what if a contact before it now "cuts" the
current, how could I notify all objects behind the cut? I tried
several ways the past few days, but all lead to confusing (and
non-working) code. (I'm sorry I can't provide any working code yet)
Often it boils down to the need to check all possible ways in the
entire network with every change. This shouldn't, in perfomance
terms, be a big problem for me here, but it feels very dirty, and I
smell inconsistencies.

Another way I thought of is

- to let load objects have a timer that resets their state to "no
  flow" after ~ 200 ms
- "pulse" the network every ~ 100 ms from all sources to ground
- and reset all load timers on the way.

This feels even more dirty.

There are several professional-grade simulation tools that track
many other parameters, how do they work in general, is there a
different strategy? I wonder if I'm making it too complicated or if
I'm seeing problems where there really aren't any. I also looked at
NetworkX, but I can't see how it might be of use yet. I appreciate
all suggestions.

Thanks for you consideration.

Regards,


Björn

P.S.: This is no homework, it's pure hobby ;)

-- 
BOFH excuse #70:

nesting roaches shorted out the ether cable

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SOAPpy parameters in sequence

[D Unit]

Hi,

I am trying to send a message to a SOAP implementation where the parameters
must in sequence. I am creating a SOAPProxy and then sending the message
with:

proxy.methodName(paramName=value, paramName2=value2)

Is there a way to explicitly set the order of parameters?
If not, is there a way to manually set the SOAP message body and send the
message?

Thanks
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Sent from the Python - python-list mailing list archive at Nabble.com.

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Re: Simulating simple electric circuits

[Arnaud Delobelle]

On May 7, 7:05 pm, Bjoern Schliessmann  wrote:
> Hello all,
>
> I'm trying to simulate simple electric logic (asynchronous)
> circuits. By "simple" I mean that I only want to know if I
> have "current" or "no current" (it's quite digital) and the only
> elements need to be (with some level of abstraction to my specific
> problem)
>
> - sources (here begin currents)
> - ground (here end currents)
> - joints
> - switches (which are able to let current pass or not, depending on
>   outside influence)
> - loads (which can signal change in current flow to the outside --
>   just like a light bulb)
>
> Is there any library for this? I couldn't find one.
>
> I tried to implement this using objects that are two-way linked;
> every object has "ports". For every port, there is
>
> - an input function (that is called by the neighbour if "current"
> comes in)
> - a reference to the neighbour's input function, to be able to let
> current flow the other way
>
> There is a master "current controller" object which tells
> the "source" object to start a "current" by calling its neighbour.
> The calls traverse the network until they reach a "ground" object.
> Specifically, the source passes a "telegram" instance with these
> calls, and everyone it passes through "registers" himself with it
> (telegrams are duplicated at joints). Then, the ground object calls
> back to the controller with all received telegrams. Like this I'm
> already able to get all possible ways through the network.

Then you can get all 'potential' paths that depend on one or more
switches being on.  Each path could know what switches it depends on
and be 'active' if and only if all those switches are on.  And each
switch would know what paths depend on it. Similarly each lightbulb
would know what paths it depends on and be 'on' if at least one path
is active; and each path would know which lightbulbs it powers

> But that's where my ideas go out. Let's assume there is a load in
> the middle of such a current, e. g. a light bulb. So if the current
> flows through it it gets notice of this because there is a telegram
> passing through it. But what if a contact before it now "cuts" the
> current, how could I notify all objects behind the cut? I tried
> several ways the past few days, but all lead to confusing (and
> non-working) code. (I'm sorry I can't provide any working code yet)
> Often it boils down to the need to check all possible ways in the
> entire network with every change. This shouldn't, in perfomance
> terms, be a big problem for me here, but it feels very dirty, and I
> smell inconsistencies.

When you turn a switch off, it would send a message to the paths that
depend on it (maybe via the controller?) so that they would be
deactivated.  In turn the lightbulbs on these paths would be informed
that they are no longer active.

When you turn a switch on, it would send a message to the paths that
depend on it so that those who do not have another off switch would be
activated.  In turn the lightbulbs on these paths would be informed
that they have a new power source.

It seems to me that it would work well with the way you started it
out, but I may have misunderstood some aspects or overlooked some
problems ;)

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Arnaud

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Re: SOAPpy parameters in sequence

[D Unit]

I figured it out.
The SOAPPRoxy class has an attribute 'SOAPPRoxy.config.argsOrdering'
You can set it to a dict. Each key is the name of a method, and the value is
a list with the attributes in the correct order.

-Dave


D Unit wrote:
> 
> Hi,
> 
> I am trying to send a message to a SOAP implementation where the
> parameters must in sequence. I am creating a SOAPProxy and then sending
> the message with:
> 
> proxy.methodName(paramName=value, paramName2=value2)
> 
> Is there a way to explicitly set the order of parameters?
> If not, is there a way to manually set the SOAP message body and send the
> message?
> 
> Thanks
> 

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is for reliable?

[[EMAIL PROTECTED]]

Hi to all I have a question about the for statement of python. I have the
following piece of code where cachefilesSet is a set that contains the
names of 1398 html files cached on my hard disk


for fn in cachefilesSet:
 
fObj = codecs.open( baseDir + fn + '-header.html', 'r', 'iso-8859-1' )
u = fObj.read()

v = u.lower()
rows = v.split('\x0a')

contentType = ''

for r in rows:
if r.find('content-type') != -1:
y = r.find(':')
if y != -1:
z = r.find(';', y)
if z != -1:
contentType = r[y+1:z].strip()
cE = r[z+1:].strip()
characterEncoding = cE.strip('charset = ')
else:
contenType = r[y+1:].strip()
characterEncoding = ''
break

if contentType == 'text/html':
processHTMLfile( baseDir + fn + '-body.html', characterEncoding, 
cardinalita )

fileCnt += 1
if fileCnt % 100 == 0: print fileCnt

this code stops at the 473th file instead of reaching 1398

however I changed the for and substituted it with a while in this way

while cachefilesSet:
fn = cachefilesSet.pop()
...
...

the while loop reaches the 1398th file and is some 3-4 times faster than
the for loop

How is this possible?
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Re: Simulating simple electric circuits

[Bjoern Schliessmann]

Arnaud Delobelle wrote:
> On May 7, 7:05 pm, Bjoern Schliessmann > There is a master "current controller" object which tells
>> the "source" object to start a "current" by calling its
>> neighbour. The calls traverse the network until they reach a
>> "ground" object. Specifically, the source passes a "telegram"
>> instance with these calls, and everyone it passes through
>> "registers" himself with it (telegrams are duplicated at joints).
>> Then, the ground object calls back to the controller with all
>> received telegrams. Like this I'm already able to get all
>> possible ways through the network.
> 
> Then you can get all 'potential' paths that depend on one or more
> switches being on.  Each path could know what switches it depends
> on and be 'active' if and only if all those switches are on.  And
> each switch would know what paths depend on it. Similarly each
> lightbulb would know what paths it depends on and be 'on' if at
> least one path is active; and each path would know which
> lightbulbs it powers

In principle, I thought so too, but I didn't like the fact that this
involves all possible circuits be determined only once. But it
seems like there is no reasonable, different way.

> When you turn a switch off, it would send a message to the paths
> that depend on it (maybe via the controller?) so that they would
> be deactivated.  In turn the lightbulbs on these paths would be
> informed that they are no longer active.
> 
> When you turn a switch on, it would send a message to the paths
> that depend on it so that those who do not have another off switch
> would be activated.  In turn the lightbulbs on these paths would
> be informed that they have a new power source.

Yep. Looks like I have to do extended "bookkeeping" for this. I was
looking for a more dynamic, general way.

> It seems to me that it would work well with the way you started it
> out, but I may have misunderstood some aspects or overlooked some
> problems ;)

Thanks for your input. The biggest problem I got until now are the
crummy interfaces for interconnection which quickly get inconcise.
I've had a look at the NetworkX tutorial and it seems like this
could simplify the code a bit.

Regards,


Björn

-- 
BOFH excuse #173:

Recursive traversal of loopback mount points

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randomly write to a file

[rohit]

hi,
i am developing a desktop search.For the index of the files i have
developed an algorithm with which
 i should be able to read and write to a line if i know its line
number.
i can read a specified line by using the module linecache
but i am struck as to how to implement writing to the n(th) line in a
file EFFICIENTLY
which means i don't want to traverse the file sequentially to reach
the n(th) line

Please help.
Regards
Rohit

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Re: Simulating simple electric circuits

[Terry Reedy]

"Bjoern Schliessmann" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote 
in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Hello all,

| I'm trying to simulate simple electric logic (asynchronous)circuits.
[snip]

Some network simulators use connection objects in addition to node objects, 
with connections joined to nodes but not the same type to each other.  But 
I do not see this as applying here.

Another 'trick' is to make all connections one-way, so a two-way connection 
is a pair of opposite one-way connections.  This might make it easier to 
keep track of what is turning on (or off) what.

tjr



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Re: is for reliable?

[Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch]

In <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, [EMAIL PROTECTED]
wrote:

> Hi to all I have a question about the for statement of python. I have the
> following piece of code where cachefilesSet is a set that contains the
> names of 1398 html files cached on my hard disk
> 
> [snipped code]
> 
> this code stops at the 473th file instead of reaching 1398
> 
> however I changed the for and substituted it with a while in this way
> 
> while cachefilesSet:
> fn = cachefilesSet.pop()
> ...
> ...
> 
> the while loop reaches the 1398th file and is some 3-4 times faster than
> the for loop
> 
> How is this possible?

Good question.  ``for`` loops are of course reliable.  Can you give a
short self contained example that shows the behavior?

Ciao,
Marc 'BlackJack' Rintsch
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Re: is for reliable?

[Jerry Hill]

On 5/7/07, [EMAIL PROTECTED] <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> for fn in cachefilesSet:
...
> this code stops at the 473th file instead of reaching 1398

This is often caused by mutating the object you are iterating over
inside the for loop.  I didn't see anything in the code you posted
that would do that, but you also didn't show us all of your code.  Are
you doing anything that would change cachefilesSet inside your for
loop? If so, try looping over a copy of your set instead:

from copy import copy
for fn in copy(cachefilesSet):
...

-- 
Jerry
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Re: BUSTED!!! 100% VIDEO EVIDENCE that WTC7 was controlled demolition!! NEW FOOTAGE!!! Ask yourself WHY havn't I seen this footage before?

[quasi]

On Mon, 7 May 2007 10:55:55 -0400, James Beck
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

>In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, [EMAIL PROTECTED] 
>says...
>> On Sat, 05 May 2007 07:54:50 +0100, Eeyore
>> <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> 
>> >
>> >
>> >quasi wrote:
>> >
>> >> Gib Bogle wrote:
>> >>
>> >> >Ah, so the firefighters were in on the conspiracy!
>> >>
>> >> No, but the firefighters are very much aware that there is more to
>> >> 9/11 than has been officially revealed.
>> >>
>> >> This is even more true at Pentagon. The firefighters there brought
>> >> dogs trained to search for survivors and/or remains
>> >
>> >Sounds like good practice.
>> >
>> >
>> >> and found nothing.
>> >
>> >And the significance of this is ?
>> 
>> The plane was supposed to have passengers.
>> 
>> quasi
>> 
>Yep, and they found them all, therefore, there were none for the dogs to 
>find.  

You pretty much made that up.

They found nothing -- no bodies, no body parts, no blood, no bones, no
luggage, no rings (do gold rings melt at jet fuel temperatures?), no
jewelry (do diamonds melt at jet fuel temperatures?), no plane seats,
no silverware (ok, maybe they only had plastic). In other words, an
immediate mystery to the firefighters was the lack of any indication
that the plane had passengers. Even if you believe that most of the
passengers were essentially incinerated, it's not believable that all
of them were. Some of the bodies should have been recoverable right at
the scene.

Weeks later, parts of the wreckage were supposedly "analyzed" at a
government lab, and the official report claims they were able to
isolate DNA for many of the passengers. It doesn't ring true. 

quasi
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Re: Latest errors on pickled objects and blob datatypes in mysql

[Gabriel Genellina]

En Mon, 07 May 2007 14:08:21 -0300, krishnakant Mane  
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> escribió:

> my table is called testobj and the blob field is called obj.
> now following is my query with the cursor named CSRInsert.
> CSRInsert.execute("insert into testobj (obj) values  
> (?);",(pickled_object))
> the error is,
> "type error, not all arguments formatted during string formatting ".
>
> can some one now figure out what could be the problem?

Try exactly as advised:
CSRInsert.execute("insert into testobj (obj) values  
(?);",(pickled_object,))

-- 
Gabriel Genellina

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Re: long lists

[Gabriel Genellina]

En Mon, 07 May 2007 09:14:34 -0300, Merrigan <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>  
escribió:

> The Script it available at this url :  
> http://www.lewendewoord.co.za/theScript.py

I understand this as a learning exercise, since there are lot of utilities  
for remote syncing.

Some comments:
- use os.path.join to build file paths, instead of concatenating strings.
- instead of reassigning sys.stdout before the call to retrlines, use the  
callback:

 saveinfo = sys.stdout
 fsock = open(tempDir + "remotelist.txt", "a")
 sys.stdout = fsock
 ftpconn.cwd(remotedir) #This changes to the remote directory
 ftpconn.retrlines("LIST") #This gets a complete list of everything in  
the directory
 sys.stdout = saveinfo
 fsock.close()

becomes:

 fsock = open(os.path.join(tempDir,"remotelist.txt"), "a")
 ftpconn.cwd(remotedir) #This changes to the remote directory
 ftpconn.retrlines("LIST", fsock.write) #This gets a complete list of  
everything in the directory
 fsock.close()
 (Why mode="a"? Shouldn't it be "w"? Isn't the listing for a single  
directory?)

- Saving both file lists may be useful, but why do you read them again? If  
you already have a list of local filenames and remote filenames, why read  
them from the saved copy?
- It's very confusing having "filenames" ending with "\n" - strip that as  
you read it. You can use fname = fname.rstrip()
- If you are interested on filenames with a certain extension, only  
process those files. That is, filter them *before* the processing begins.

- The time-consuming part appears to be this:

def comp_are():
 global toup
 temptoup = []
 for file1 in remotefiles:
 a = file1
 for file2 in localfiles:
 b = file2
 if str(a) == str(b):
 pass
 if str(b) != str(a):
 temptoup.append(str(str(b)))
 toup = list(sets.Set(temptoup))
 for filename in remotefiles:
 fn2up = filename
 for item in toup:
 if fn2up == item:
 toup.remove(item)
 else:
 pass
 toup.sort()

(It's mostly nonsense... what do you expect from str(str(b)) different  
 from str(b)? and the next line is just a waste of time, can you see why?)
I think you want to compare two lists of filenames, and keep the elements  
that are on one "localfiles" list but not on the other. As you appear to  
know about sets: it's the set difference between "localfiles" and  
"remotefiles". Keeping the same "globalish" thing:

def comp_are():
 global toup
 toup = list(sets.Set(localfiles) - sets.Set(remotefiles))
 toup.sort()

Since Python 2.4, set is a builtin type, and you have sorted(), so you  
could write:

def comp_are():
 global toup
 toup = sorted(set(localfiles) - set(remotefiles))

- Functions may have parameters and return useful things :)
That is, you may write, by example:

   remotefiles = getRemoteFiles(host, remotedir)
   localfiles = getLocalFiles(localdir)
   newfiles = findNewFiles(localfiles, remotefiles)
   uploadFiles(host, newfiles)

-- 
Gabriel Genellina

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