bootsplash or usplash

[L . V . Gandhi]

I am running debian etch.
Previously in sarge I used to run bootsplash with hiccups for progress bars.
I tried usplash in etch. I got gui only during shutdown not during boot.
I will be thankful if somebody, who used both, can throw somelight on
selecting among these two.
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linux user No.205042

screen flickering

[L . V . Gandhi]

I am running debian etch.
While booting, when configuring consle fonts line comes, screen flickers.
Any solution to stop this?

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Re: screen flickering

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 2/27/07, Andrew Sackville-West <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


On Tue, Feb 27, 2007 at 10:59:38AM -0800, L.V.Gandhi wrote:
> I am running debian etch.
> While booting, when configuring consle fonts line comes, screen
flickers.
> Any solution to stop this?

I believe this is normal behavior. In fact, it should flicker 6 times
-- once for each VT -- I believe.


But in kubuntu, of course with gui booting,I didn't see any flickering. Can
it be avoided?
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linux user No.205042

doubt in using sed

[L . V . Gandhi]

I have made a script like this as test1
#!/bin/bash
line="3IINFOTECH,2005042200,118,118,96,98.1,8260440"
olds=$(echo "$line"|cut -d, -f2)
echo $olds
da=${olds:0:8}
echo $da
echo "$line" > temp1
sed -e 's/$olds/$da/' temp1 >>temp
cat temp1
cat temp
When I run get as
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~/.qtstalker/data0/export$ test1
2005042200
20050422
3IINFOTECH,2005042200,118,118,96,98.1,8260440
3IINFOTECH,2005042200,118,118,96,98.1,8260440
I don't find any replacement. Where am I wrong? what should be done to get
the replacement done?
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Re: doubt in using sed

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 3/9/07, David Clymer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


On Fri, 2007-03-09 at 20:22 -0800, L.V.Gandhi wrote:
>
>
> Thanks David and Mathias.
> In the above example after double quotes it works. When I pass the
> output to file it works.
> In another similar one I have problem

You're welcome. Please send this question to the list, and I'll take a
whack at answering it. Following up off-list is lousy nettiquette. The
list is your resource, not me personally.

-davidc


Mr.David, Sorry for personal mail. Thanks for your efforts.


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linux user No.205042

Re: doubt in using sed

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 3/10/07, Mathias Brodala <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


Hello.

Please reply to the list.

L.V.Gandhi, 10.03.2007 05:24:
> In another similar one I have problem
>
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~/stock/datafiles$ ls -l nse2/
> total 0
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~/stock/datafiles$ ls -l 3IINFOTECH
> -rw-r--r-- 1 lvgandhi lvgandhi 23400 2007-03-09 15:47 3IINFOTECH
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~/stock/datafiles$ sed -e "s/3IINFOTECH,//"
3IINFOTECH
> |less
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~/stock/datafiles$ sed -e "s/3IINFOTECH,//"
3IINFOTECH
>> /home/lvgandhi/stock/datafile/nse2/3IINFOTECH
> bash: /home/lvgandhi/stock/datafile/nse2/3IINFOTECH: No such file or
> directory
> In sed -e "s/3IINFOTECH,//" 3IINFOTECH |less I could see the correct
> output.
> But when I redirect, as in next command I get error "bash:
> /home/lvgandhi/stock/datafile/nse2/3IINFOTECH: No such file or
directory"
> Redirecting to a file in same folder works.
> ie sed -e "s/3IINFOTECH,//" 3IINFOTECH > temp works.
> Any explanation please

You forgot a 's': 'datafiles' vs. 'datafile'.


Regards, Mathias


Thanks.


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linux user No.205042

filename case

[L . V . Gandhi]

When I copy files to vfat drives , filenames case is changed to lower case.
Is there any way to keep them as they are ie FileName as FileName instead of
filename or FILENAME as FILENAME instead of filename ?

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Re: filename case

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 3/11/07, Cédric Lucantis <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


Le dimanche 11 mars 2007 14:43, L.V.Gandhi a écrit:
> When I copy files to vfat drives , filenames case is changed to lower
case.
> Is there any way to keep them as they are ie FileName as FileName
instead
> of filename or FILENAME as FILENAME instead of filename ?

I think this works:

tar -C /path/to/source -cf - . | ( cd /path/to/dest; tar -xf -; )

--
Cédric Lucantis



here also some files were copied as it is and some filenames were changed to
small letters.

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linux user No.205042

Re: filename case

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 3/11/07, Cédric Lucantis <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


> > When I copy files to vfat drives , filenames case is changed to lower
> > case. Is there any way to keep them as they are ie FileName as
FileName
> > instead of filename or FILENAME as FILENAME instead of filename ?
>
> I think this works:
>
> tar -C /path/to/source -cf - . | ( cd /path/to/dest; tar -xf -; )

stupid me :) I never realized I could simply do this:

tar -C /path/to/source -cf - . | tar -C /path/to/dest -xf -

(you also have to add -h to the first tar if there are symlinks in your
files)

--
Cédric Lucantis



here also some files were copied as it is and some filenames were changed to
small letters.

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Re: ndiswrapper problem

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 3/12/07, Jan Schledermann <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


Celejar wrote:

> On Thu, 08 Mar 2007 12:47:08 -0800
> Freddy Freeloader <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
>> I have a problem with ndiswrapper on Sid.
>>
>> I have a built-in broadcom wireless chip in my laptop.  I've been using
>> ndiswrapper with it and it's worked fine.  I also have a netgear wg11t
>
> Are you aware that the bcm43xx driver (included in recent kernels)
> supports Broadcom wireless chips natively? I'm using it with the built
> in Broadcom wireless chip on my laptop (Broadcom BCM4318 AirForce One
> 54g rev 02) and it works quite well.
>
> Celejar
I used the kernel driver as well. It was a disaster om my Dell Inspiron
510m. In stead of 54Mbit I'd get only +-10Mbit due mainly to lost
packages.
Installing ndiswrapper solved the problem.

Jan


In my inspiron 600m also bcm43xx didn't work. I had to go to ndiswrapper.

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adept error

[L . V . Gandhi]

While I run adept for updating, after downloading packages while installing,
in details screen, I get the following error. How to avoid it?
Xlib: connection to ":0.0" refused by server
Xlib: No protocol specified

dpkg-preconfigure: cannot connect to X server :0.0
debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Kde
debconf: (DISPLAY problem?)
debconf: falling back to frontend: Dialog


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adept usage error

[L . V . Gandhi]

When I run adept as user with sudo in etch, I get following lines. What does
it signify? How to avoid them?
DESTROY created new reference to dead object ' Qt::VBoxLayout', <> line 4
during global destruction.
Preconfiguring packages ...
Use of uninitialized value in join or string at
/usr/share/perl5/Debconf/DbDriver/Stack.pm line 104,  line 7.
Use of uninitialized value in join or string at
/usr/share/perl5/Debconf/DbDriver/Stack.pm line 104,  line 11.
Use of uninitialized value in substitution (s///) at
/usr/share/perl5/Debconf/Format/822.pm line 83.
Use of uninitialized value in concatenation (.) or string at
/usr/share/perl5/Debconf/Format/822.pm line 84.
Use of uninitialized value in substitution (s///) at
/usr/share/perl5/Debconf/Format/822.pm line 83.
Use of uninitialized value in concatenation (.) or string at
/usr/share/perl5/Debconf/Format/822.pm line 84.
(Reading database ... 111273 files and directories currently installed.)


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GUI booting with usplash

[L . V . Gandhi]

I have seen in kubuntu, that only starting msg comes before usplash gui
takes over.  In etch, before usplash takes over I see near about 10 lines,
How can it be stopped?
when mounting occurs 21 times, fsck is done. during that time in etch
uspalsh gives way to text mode. But in kubuntu I never saw this. Does it
mean kubuntu never do fsck or it has some specific config for usplash, so
that during fsck also, gui is not broken?

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Re: Check for USB connections

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 3/18/07, Kevin Mark <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


On Sun, Mar 18, 2007 at 01:44:28PM -0300, Alejandro wrote:
> Matthew K Poer wrote:
> >On Sun, 2007-03-18 at 12:55 -0300, Alejandro wrote:
> >
> >>Dear all, I have Debian Etch connected to a HP printer through an USB
> >>port  but it is not recognized. A pair of months ago the printer
worked
> >>perfectly, and I could see it using "lsusb" command. After that I
> >>disconnect the printer and now I connect it again to my Debian, but
> >>
> >>
> >Try a differant USB port? Perhaps the one you are using is broken.
> >
> Both USB ports don't respondI have installed "udev" and not
> "hotplug"is this correct in Debian Etch in order to recognize USB
> devices ???
>
> Really thanks
if the required usb kernel modules are localed, lsusb should show all
the usb devices, even if they are not configured to work. So maybe its
the cable?



Is it possible to find out which port is usb1.1 which is usb 2.0? If so how?
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Re: how to switch between different network configurations?

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 3/21/07, Michael Pobega <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


On Wed, Mar 21, 2007 at 09:56:13PM +0800, Zhengquan Zhang mailing list
wrote:
> I have to switch the network configurations between the lab, the dorm
and the
> home ones. Normally I manullay edit /etc/network/interfaces and restart
the
> networking.
>
> Is there any easier and smarter way of doing this?
>
> Thank you!
>
> Regards:
> Zhang
>

Packages:
network-manager-gnome / network-manager-kde

Executables:
nm-applet / kdenetworkmanager

You'll need a system tray to be able to use those programs though, if
you're using Window Maker try wmsystray, GNOME/KDE/Xfce have them by
default and I believe Fluxbox has it as well.


In kde, Executables is knetworkmanager

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Re: How to check if a DVD is damaged?

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 7/7/07, Rodolfo Medina <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


Many thanks to all that provided their help.  Mostly I found easy to use
Thomas' suggestion:


"Thomas Hoppeer" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:

> To verify data on your dvd you can also use star and readcd:
> 
http://www.linuxconfig.org/Create_and_burn_ISO_images_with_mkisofs_%26_cdrecord#Verify_data


.  Now, `readcd' would produce I/O error messages with *all* DVDs, also the ones
that I know for sure are all right.  So, it was actually not useful at all.
Instead, `star' seems to do the proper job: with Sarge I did:

 # apt-get install star

, then mounted the disk, then cd into it and:

 $ star -cPM . >/dev/null

.  With the damaged disk, it produced an output like:

 star: Input/output error. Error reading 
'rodolfo-30.giu.2007/mobile/opensync/libsyncml/tests/.svn/README.txt'.


, then ended up with:

 star: 118167 blocks + 5120 bytes (total of 1210035200 bytes = 1181675.00k).
 star: The following problems occurred during archive processing:
 star: Cannot: stat 0, open 0, read/write 662. Size changed 0.
 star: Missing links 0, Name too long 0, File too big 0, Not dumped 0.
 star: Processed all possible files, despite earlier errors.

.  Instead, with the brand new DVD the output was:

 star: 119837 blocks + 9216 bytes (total of 1227140096 bytes = 1198379.00k).

.  So it seems that I can use this tool to verify disk integrity.  I didn't try
other people suggestions because this one was the simplest for me.  Only one
thing: the command `apt-get install star' does not work with Etch: it knows no
package named `star'.  Any suggestion about how to install star under Etch?

Thanks indeed,
Rodolfo

for me in etch
apt-get install star works.
lvgvaio:~# apt-get install star
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
 star
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 298kB of archives.
After unpacking 651kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://ftp.us.debian.org etch/main star 1.5a67-1 [298kB]
Fetched 298kB in 0s (491kB/s)
Selecting previously deselected package star.
(Reading database ... 110520 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking star (from .../star_1.5a67-1_i386.deb) ...
Setting up star (1.5a67-1) ...


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ETCH iso-with security updates

[L . V . Gandhi]

From where can I get latest etch ISO image with latest security updates?


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Re: ETCH iso-with security updates

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 7/18/07, Mathias Brodala <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

Hi.

L.V.Gandhi, 18.07.2007 15:54:
>> From where can I get latest etch ISO image with latest security updates?

From the official website[0]


Regards, Mathias

Thanks. But are these isos  with latest security updates.


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kernel compile -processor type

[L . V . Gandhi]

What should be kernel compile -processor type for
Intel(R) Core(TM)2 CPU T5500  @ 1.66GHz
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kernel compile module compile

[L . V . Gandhi]

I was trying to compile kernel src from backports with alsa modules
and ipw3945 modules. src was tar-.gz files fo this modules.
I get error like this

/usr/src/modules/alsa-driver/include/adriver.h: In function
'snd_pci_orig_save_state':
/usr/src/modules/alsa-driver/include/adriver.h:1099: error: too many
arguments to function 'pci_save_state'
/usr/src/modules/alsa-driver/include/adriver.h: In function
'snd_pci_orig_restore_state':
/usr/src/modules/alsa-driver/include/adriver.h:1103: error: too many
arguments to function 'pci_restore_state'
make[7]: *** [/usr/src/modules/alsa-driver/acore/hwdep.o] Error 1
make[6]: *** [/usr/src/modules/alsa-driver/acore] Error 2
make[5]: *** [_module_/usr/src/modules/alsa-driver] Error 2
make[4]: *** [modules] Error 2
make[4]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-source-2.6.21'
make[3]: *** [compile] Error 2
make[3]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/modules/alsa-driver'
make[2]: *** [build-stamp] Error 2
make[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/modules/alsa-driver'
make[1]: *** [kdist_image] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/modules/alsa-driver'
Module /usr/src/modules/alsa-driver failed.
Hit return to Continue
make[4]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-source-2.6.21'
  CC [M]  /usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.o
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c: In function 'ipw_setup_activity_timer':
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c:1351: warning: passing argument 2
of 'queue_delayed_work' from incompatible pointer type
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c: In function 'ipw_bg_activity_timer':
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c:1371: warning: passing argument 2
of 'queue_delayed_work' from incompatible pointer type
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c: In function 'ipw_scan_schedule':
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c:2436: warning: passing argument 2
of 'queue_delayed_work' from incompatible pointer type
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c: In function 'ipw_scan_cancel':
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c:2502: warning: passing argument 1
of 'cancel_delayed_work' from incompatible pointer type
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c: In function 'ipw_scan_completed':
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c:2533: warning: passing argument 1
of 'cancel_delayed_work' from incompatible pointer type
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c: In function 'ipw_bg_calibrated_work':
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c:4570: warning: passing argument 2
of 'queue_delayed_work' from incompatible pointer type
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c:4582: warning: passing argument 2
of 'queue_delayed_work' from incompatible pointer type
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c: In function 'ipw_disassociate':
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c:6756: warning: passing argument 1
of 'cancel_delayed_work' from incompatible pointer type
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c: In function 'ipw_gather_stats':
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c:7140: warning: passing argument 2
of 'queue_delayed_work' from incompatible pointer type
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c: In function 'ipw_bg_request_scan':
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c:8392: warning: passing argument 2
of 'queue_delayed_work' from incompatible pointer type
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c: In function 'ipw_handle_assoc_response':
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c:9816: warning: passing argument 1
of 'cancel_delayed_work' from incompatible pointer type
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c: In function 'ipw_associate_network':
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c:1: warning: passing argument 2
of 'queue_delayed_work' from incompatible pointer type
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c: In function 'ipw_rx_handle':
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c:11381: warning: passing argument 2
of 'queue_delayed_work' from incompatible pointer type
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c: In function 'ipw_wx_set_mode':
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c:11824: warning: passing argument 1
of 'cancel_delayed_work' from incompatible pointer type
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c:11825: warning: passing argument 1
of 'cancel_delayed_work' from incompatible pointer type
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c: In function 'ipw_bg_rate_scale_flush':
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c:13983: warning: passing argument 1
of 'cancel_delayed_work' from incompatible pointer type
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c:14010: warning: passing argument 2
of 'queue_delayed_work' from incompatible pointer type
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c: In function 'ipw_rate_scale_tx_resp_handle':
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c:14267: warning: passing argument 1
of 'cancel_delayed_work' from incompatible pointer type
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c: In function 'ipw_link_down':
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c:15320: warning: passing argument 1
of 'cancel_delayed_work' from incompatible pointer type
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c:15321: warning: passing argument 1
of 'cancel_delayed_work' from incompatible pointer type
/usr/src/modules/ipw3945/ipw3945.c:15431:52: error: macro "INIT_WORK"
passed 3 arguments, but t

backports-2.6.21 kernel and ipw3945 & alsa modules.

[L . V . Gandhi]

I have downloaded kernel source 2.6.21 from backports and compiled. I
had previously ipw3945 and alsa modules in /usr/src/module. I compiled
kernel with
make-kpkg --initrd linux_image kernel_headers modules_image
I couldn't get ipw3945 and alsa modules compiled.
How to get ipw3945 module compiled?
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Intel Pro network

[L . V . Gandhi]

I have
0a:08.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation Intel(R) PRO/100 VE
Network Connection (rev 02)
Its module is getting loaded
lvgvaio:~# lsmod|grep e100
e100   32232  0
mii 5344  1 e100
my /etc/network/interfaces is
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
allow-hotplug eth0
#auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

allow-hotplug eth2
mapping eth2
   script /usr/local/bin/selwifinet
   map mohan eth2-mohan
   map lvghome eth2-home

iface eth2-mohan inet dhcp
wireless_essid mohan
wireless_key x
wireless_mode managed
#post-up ifmetric eth2  5

#iface eth2-home inet dhcp
wireless_essid MT841
wireless_key x
wireless_mode managed

Buit when I start this net is not interface is not activated. but e100
is loaded.
Initially ifconfig returns nothing. If I do
lvgvaio:~# ifconfig eth0 up
lvgvaio:~# dhclient eth0
Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client V3.0.4
Copyright 2004-2006 Internet Systems Consortium.
All rights reserved.
For info, please visit http://www.isc.org/sw/dhcp/

Listening on LPF/eth0/00:13:a9:85:7d:c1
Sending on   LPF/eth0/00:13:a9:85:7d:c1
Sending on   Socket/fallback
DHCPREQUEST on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67
DHCPACK from 192.168.1.1
bound to 192.168.1.2 -- renewal in 4845 seconds.
I am connected to adsl modem cum router huawei smartAX MT841 with
doing auto pppoe and dhcp server. It used to work in sarge ok. Now I
have to make the interface up and use dhclient which I didn't need to
do in sarge.
Any solutions to auto start during boot. I tried with both auto etho
and allow-hotplug eth0 in interfaces. Still it doesn't help.
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kde applications slow starting.

[L . V . Gandhi]

Morning every application was working ok. Now all kde applications
like kwrite, home etc takes very long time to start. It freezes
windows.
In oocalc, file open is done quickly from fileopen dialog. If I use
recently open it hangs.
I thing after returing to India I used tzconfig in the morning.
Whether it can cause these problems?
If so what are the solutions

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Re: Intel Pro network

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 8/21/07, Wayne Topa <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> L.V.Gandhi([EMAIL PROTECTED]) is reported to have said:
> > I have
> > 0a:08.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation Intel(R) PRO/100 VE
> > Network Connection (rev 02)
> > Its module is getting loaded
> > lvgvaio:~# lsmod|grep e100
> > e100   32232  0
> > mii 5344  1 e100
> > my /etc/network/interfaces is
> > # This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
> > # and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).
> >
> > # The loopback network interface
> > auto lo
> > iface lo inet loopback
> >
> > # The primary network interface
> > allow-hotplug eth0
> > #auto eth0
> > iface eth0 inet dhcp
> >
> When I don't want my eth0 to come up at bootup, I do the same as you
> you show above.  When I want it to associate on bootup I do
>
> #allow-hotplug eth0
>
> auto eth0
> iface eth0 inet dhcp
>
I tried both methods. But I couldn't succeed.

-- 
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042


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fresh kde install

[L . V . Gandhi]

I have installed etch base system and then installed xorg. I was
trying to install kde
apt-get install kde kdm
I get msg saying
.
the following packages has unmet dependencies
kde:depends on kde-core(>=5.47), but it not going to be installed
:depends on kde-amusements(>=5.47), but it not going to be installed
:depends on kdeaddons(>=4:3.4.3), but it not going to be installed
:depends on kde-pim(>=4:3.4.3), but it not going to be installed
Whe there is this problem in even in stable?
How to install kde
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http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042


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key error

[L . V . Gandhi]

I get following error on apt-get update.

W: There are no public key available for the following key IDs:
A70DAF536070D3A1
W: You may want to run apt-get update to correct these problems

What to do?
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L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Re: key error

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 11/26/06, Florian Kulzer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


On Sun, Nov 26, 2006 at 08:17:37 +0100, B_Kloss wrote:
> Am Sonntag, 26. November 2006 03:34 schrieb L.V.Gandhi:
> > I get following error on apt-get update.
> >
> > W: There are no public key available for the following key IDs:
> > A70DAF536070D3A1
> > W: You may want to run apt-get update to correct these problems
> >
> > What to do?
>
> I have the same problem. Haven't seen it before.
> Why install keyring?

If you install the debian-archive-keyring package then your apt keys
will automatically be updated when necessary. Take a look at the output
of "apt-key list" (needs root). You will see that the currently used
archive signing key(s) will expire at some point. The keyring package
provides an automatic but safe mechanism to accept the new keys. It goes
something like this:

- You currently trust a certain archive signing key.

- A new version of the debian-archive-keyring package becomes available.
It contains a new key. (In the present case it seems to be a key
specifically for Etch, valid until 2009-07-01.)

- Before apt installs the new keyring package it verifies the integrity
of the package using the old, trusted key (which is still valid).

- If the new keyring package passes the test then its post-installation
script will run "apt-key import" and add all new keys to apt's
keyring. Your trust of the old key is thus transferred to the new
key(s).

At the moment its seems that both the new and the old key are used to
vouch for the integrity of packages. That gives you a certain time
window to install the new key. (You can currently ignore the message
about the unknown new key since one valid signature with a trusted key
is enough for apt.) Once the ftp-masters drop the old signing key you
will need the new one or apt will shower you with warnings at every
package update/installation.

--
Regards,
 Florian


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Today after apt-get update and apt-get dist-upgrade, keyring-archive was
updated. Then the problem disappeared.

--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Re: Slow USB disk

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 1/6/07, Alan Chandler <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


On Saturday 06 January 2007 03:45, Roberto C. Sanchez wrote:
> On Sat, Jan 06, 2007 at 04:31:27AM +0100, Benjamí Villoslada wrote:
> > KDE mounts USB disk with this options:
> >
> > /dev/sdb1 on /media/disk type ext3
> > (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,sync,data=ordered)
> >
> > And is slow.  When I mount it manually, without sync option, then
> > write fast.
> >
> > I'm looking how tho modify the KDE mount in order to avoid the sync
> > option, but I don't locate this HOWTO.  Maybe the Hal parameters?
> > Thanks.
>
> You might want to rethink that.  The sync option is nice because that
> means that writes are completed immediately to disk.  This is nice
> because it means that if you pull the disk out without umounting it,
> you are less likely to lose data (unless you do it while an actual
> data transfer is occurring).  Without sync, the write could take an
> arbitrarily long time to be committed to disk, if there are not
> enough data to convince the driver to flush the cache.


But ...

... and there is a thread on the linux kernel mailing list about it ...

... you stand a chance of destroying the flash drive because of the
updates to the FAT tables during the write process.  [I think someone
wrote a 1GB file to a large fat drive and fried it in the process]

What the grandparent post wants to do is controlled by HAL parameters.
Install the hal-doc package and then look
inside /usr/share/doc/hal-doc/conf for some examples.


--
Alan Chandler
http://www.chandlerfamily.org.uk

I am running etch. For me, my usb flash gets mounted as readonly. I

couldn't find any examples how to make it read write for the user. I get
permissions as
drwxr_xr_x lvgandhi root. still I am unable to write to it as user lvgandhi.


--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Re: Can't Mount my USB Disk R/W [Was Slow USB disk]

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 1/15/07, Wayne Topa <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


L.V.Gandhi([EMAIL PROTECTED]) is reported to have said:

>I am running etch. For me, my usb flash gets mounted as readonly. I
> couldn't find any examples how to make it read write for the user. I get
> permissions as
> drwxr_xr_x lvgandhi root. still I am unable to write to it as user
lvgandhi.
  ^  ^  No Group or User write permission


I have changed the subject as your problem had nothing to do with the
thread you hijacked.



sorry. Though title was not indicative hread as moving in tha diection.

You don't give enough information for anyone to help troubleshoot your

problem.  Where are you mounting it, is that mount point in
/etc/fstab, what does the mount command you are using look like, etc.

I have this in my fstab
/dev/sdb1/media/usb5   ext3 rw,user,users,noauto,noatime,noauto 1   2

$ ls -ld /media/usb5
drwxrwxrwx 3 root root 1.0K 2006-08-06 20:55 /media/usb5/
^Group write permission
   |
   ^  User Write permission

To mount it I do (as root or as user) mount /dev/sdb1, and the flash
is mounted at /media/usb5.

I can read/write to the flash disk /media/usb5 as root or any user.

Please put a but more information into your quesations in the future.
You will get more, and faster answers, if you do.



For me as soon as insert it kde ask me for options. It is mounted at
/media/disk. I don't mount it explicitly. It is mounted automatically. Hence
I wanted to know how to change the configuration so that it is not mounted
readonly.

--

L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Re: Can't Mount my USB Disk R/W [Was Slow USB disk]

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 1/15/07, Matus UHLAR - fantomas <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


> >I have this in my fstab
> >/dev/sdb1/media/usb5   ext3 rw,user,users,noauto,noatime,noauto 1
2
> >
> >$ ls -ld /media/usb5
> >drwxrwxrwx 3 root root 1.0K 2006-08-06 20:55 /media/usb5/
> >^Group write permission
> >   |
> >   ^  User Write permission
> >
> >To mount it I do (as root or as user) mount /dev/sdb1, and the flash
> >is mounted at /media/usb5.
> >
> >I can read/write to the flash disk /media/usb5 as root or any user.
> >
> >Please put a but more information into your quesations in the future.
> >You will get more, and faster answers, if you do.

On 15.01.07 09:57, L.V.Gandhi wrote:
> For me as soon as insert it kde ask me for options. It is mounted at
> /media/disk. I don't mount it explicitly. It is mounted automatically.
Hence
> I wanted to know how to change the configuration so that it is not
mounted
> readonly.

by "automatically" you mean "via usbmount"? If so, check usbmount manpage.



I don't know how it mounts. As soon as it is inserted, kde ask me for
options. I opt for opening folder in konq, it opens and I saw it was mounted
in /media/disk.

Also, the filesystem is important - when having some of un*x systems that

contain access rights, you'll have to set up proper permissions.

Otherwise (FAT etc) you have to use wider file/directory mask, or set up
the
correct user/group which to mount under.





--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Re: Can't Mount my USB Disk R/W [Was Slow USB disk]

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 1/18/07, Matus UHLAR - fantomas <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


> >On 15.01.07 09:57, L.V.Gandhi wrote:
> >> For me as soon as insert it kde ask me for options. It is mounted at
> >> /media/disk. I don't mount it explicitly. It is mounted
automatically.
> >> Hence I wanted to know how to change the configuration so that it is
> >> not mounted readonly.

> On 1/15/07, Matus UHLAR - fantomas <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >by "automatically" you mean "via usbmount"? If so, check usbmount
manpage.

On 16.01.07 06:44, L.V.Gandhi wrote:
> I don't know how it mounts. As soon as it is inserted, kde ask me for
> options. I opt for opening folder in konq, it opens and I saw it was
mounted
> in /media/disk.

do you have usbmount or hal installed?
what filesystem is on the disk?


I have hal installed. As soon as I insert KDE asks whether to open in knoq.
I say yes. It opens and shows rwx permissions to me. Still I can't delete
files or folders.


--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Re: Can't Mount my USB Disk R/W [Was Slow USB disk]

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 1/21/07, L. V. Gandhi <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


On 1/18/07, Matus UHLAR - fantomas <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
> > >On 15.01.07 09:57, L.V.Gandhi wrote:
> > >> For me as soon as insert it kde ask me for options. It is mounted
> at
> > >> /media/disk. I don't mount it explicitly. It is mounted
> automatically.
> > >> Hence I wanted to know how to change the configuration so that it
> is
> > >> not mounted readonly.
>
> > On 1/15/07, Matus UHLAR - fantomas <[EMAIL PROTECTED] > wrote:
> > >by "automatically" you mean "via usbmount"? If so, check usbmount
> manpage.
>
> On 16.01.07 06:44, L.V.Gandhi wrote:
> > I don't know how it mounts. As soon as it is inserted, kde ask me for
> > options. I opt for opening folder in konq, it opens and I saw it was
> mounted
> > in /media/disk.
>
> do you have usbmount or hal installed?
> what filesystem is on the disk?
>
I have hal installed. As soon as I insert KDE asks whether to open in
knoq. I say yes. It opens and shows rwx permissions to me. Still I can't
delete files or folders.


I am adding further that tail /var/log/messages gives as follows.
Jan 21 09:13:44 localhost kernel: usbcore: registered new driver usb-storage
Jan 21 09:13:44 localhost kernel: USB Mass Storage support registered.
Jan 21 09:13:49 localhost kernel:   Vendor: SanDisk   Model: Cruzer
Micro  Rev: 0.2
Jan 21 09:13:49 localhost kernel:   Type:
Direct-Access  ANSI SCSI revision: 02
Jan 21 09:13:49 localhost kernel: SCSI device sda: 1000944 512-byte hdwr
sectors (512 MB)
Jan 21 09:13:49 localhost kernel: sda: Write Protect is off
Jan 21 09:13:49 localhost kernel: SCSI device sda: 1000944 512-byte hdwr
sectors (512 MB)
Jan 21 09:13:49 localhost kernel: sda: Write Protect is off
Jan 21 09:13:49 localhost kernel:  sda: sda1
Jan 21 09:13:49 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi removable disk
sda
What does the line sda: Write Protect is off signifies?
--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Dell i600m - broadcom 4306 wifi problem in etch.

[L . V . Gandhi]

I used to work with this wifi comfortably in sarge with ndiswrapper. In etch
i have problems.
first bcm43xx driver didn't work with the firmware extracted automatically
while installation and also from the working driver in windows. I copied the
files as read in /lib/hotplug/firmware. I have read in some other place
fwcutter should be installed after build-essential is installed. for this i
did remove/purge the fwcutter and reinstalled after installing
build-essential. I have all permutation and combination. Still it was not
working.
now I blacklisted this bcm43xx in /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist and installed
ndiswrapper. everything went ok. As previously my wifi is recognised as
eth0, i did alias eth0 ndiswrapper in /etc/modprobe.d/ndiswrapper and my
/etc/network/interface looks like this
# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
allow-hotplug eth0
# auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp
pre-up ifconfig eth0 up
pre-up grep -q ndiswrapper /proc/modules || modprobe ndiswrapper
wireless_essid "mohan"
wireless_key "xx"
wireless_mode managed
post-up ifmetric wlan0 5

# The primary network interface
allow-hotplug eth1
iface eth1 inet dhcp
Still after booting i get there is no eth0. I run the following script
ifconfig eth0 up
iwconfig eth0 rate 11M
iwconfig eth0 channel 6
iwconfig eth0 essid mohan
iwconfig eth0 enc 
dhclient eth0
first run of script couldn't get dhcp lease. I get as follows.
lvgdell600m:~# /home/lvgandhi/stwireless
Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client V3.0.4
Copyright 2004-2006 Internet Systems Consortium.
All rights reserved.
For info, please visit http://www.isc.org/sw/dhcp/

Listening on LPF/eth0/00:90:4b:1b:5a:b7
Sending on   LPF/eth0/00:90:4b:1b:5a:b7
Sending on   Socket/fallback
DHCPREQUEST on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67
DHCPREQUEST on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67
DHCPDISCOVER on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 3
DHCPDISCOVER on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 7
DHCPDISCOVER on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 7
DHCPDISCOVER on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 8
DHCPDISCOVER on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 15
DHCPDISCOVER on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 13
DHCPDISCOVER on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 8
No DHCPOFFERS received.
Trying recorded lease 192.168.1.103
PING 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data.

--- 192.168.1.1 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 0 received, +1 errors, 100% packet loss, time 0ms

Trying recorded lease 192.168.1.105
PING 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data.

--- 192.168.1.1 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 0 received, +1 errors, 100% packet loss, time 0ms

Trying recorded lease 192.168.1.104
PING 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data.

--- 192.168.1.1 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 0 received, +1 errors, 100% packet loss, time 0ms

No working leases in persistent database - sleeping.
However if I run the same script second time, i get connected like this.
lvgdell600m:~# /home/lvgandhi/stwireless
There is already a pid file /var/run/dhclient.pid with pid 3953
killed old client process, removed PID file
Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client V3.0.4
Copyright 2004-2006 Internet Systems Consortium.
All rights reserved.
For info, please visit http://www.isc.org/sw/dhcp/

Listening on LPF/eth0/00:90:4b:1b:5a:b7
Sending on   LPF/eth0/00:90:4b:1b:5a:b7
Sending on   Socket/fallback
DHCPREQUEST on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67
DHCPACK from 192.168.1.1
bound to 192.168.1.103 -- renewal in 36634 seconds.
Why this happens?
How to get connected while booting with wireless? Why I get no eth0
initially? How to get eth0 intially?
--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Re: Dell i600m - broadcom 4306 wifi problem in etch.

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 1/28/07, Jan Schledermann <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


L.V.Gandhi wrote:


> # The loopback network interface
> auto lo
> iface lo inet loopback
>
> # The primary network interface
> allow-hotplug eth0
> # auto eth0
> iface eth0 inet dhcp
> pre-up ifconfig eth0 up
> pre-up grep -q ndiswrapper /proc/modules || modprobe ndiswrapper
> wireless_essid "mohan"
> wireless_key "xx"
> wireless_mode managed
> post-up ifmetric wlan0 5

> How to get connected while booting with wireless? Why I get no eth0
> initially? How to get eth0 intially?

The reason why you do not get eth0 AUTOmatically, is that you have
commented
out the "auto eth0" statement.
Remove the "#" in front of the "# auto eth0" and it'll happen.

I think allow-hotplug eth0 line should take care. Only either this or auto

eth0 should be there. I tried was you said also. Still the problem remains
the same.
--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Re: ndiswraaper install error.

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 1/29/07, Craig M. Houck <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


I just used NDISWrapper to get a netgear wg111v2 fob to wifi...
I have only done this with the 2.6 kernel, never 2.4.
I also indicate the rev's I used, you may find different revisions.
Get the source
ndiswrapper.sourceforge.net
sourceforge.net/projects/ndiswrapper/
cd /usr/local/src
mkdir ndis;cd ndsi
download the ndiswrapper-1.9.tar.gz
gunzip ndiswrapper-1.9.tar.gz
tar -xvf ndiswrapper-1.9.tar.gz
make distclean
make
make install
-- OR --
apt-get install ndiswrapper-source # Source for the ndiswrapper linux
kernel module
apt-get install ndiswrapper-utils # Userspace utilities for ndiswrapper
The following is also need to process the windriver.inf file
apt-get install zip # for win zip'd files
apt-get install unzip # for win zip'd files
apt-get install unshield # for win .cab files
Might also need kernel headers (correct for your cpu, etc.)
apt-get install kernel-headers-2.6.8-2-386
Get the Windows Driver you want to use
Download the driver
unzip driver.zip
unshield -d
x cabfile.cab
find the driver.inf to use
ndsiwrapper -i driver.inf
ndsiwrapper -l
should report on sw and hw SO have the h/w hookedup and powered
ndsiwrapper -m
depmod -a
modprobe ndsiwrapper
configure the h/w as needed.
I offer as an example some detail on install/config for a Netgear WG111 V2
Wifi Fob. from the website: NdisWrapper - Install
I used some combo of the following to get my Netgear 111 to 'see' and
'talk' to the network ...
unzip wg111v2_v1.0.0.5.zip
unshield data2.cab
ndiswrapper -i data2.inf
ndiswrapper -m
depmod -a
modprobe ndiswrapper
vi /etc/network/interfaces Add the entires for wlan0
these matched the entrie for the cardbus wireless eithernet card I had
already running in the machine.
ifdown wlan0; ifup wlan0
Once I had the fob working, I had to hand create an S99wlan0 file to bring
the fob up. This was set in the rc*.d directory structure.







At 05:49 PM 2/8/2006 +, Chris Lale wrote:
>L.V.Gandhi wrote:
>
>>I have dell inspiron 600m. today I have loaded base sarge and upgraded
>>to unstable.
>>I have installed linux-source and ndiswrapper-source. I tried to get
>>modules using info on wiki
>>http://ndiswrapper.sourceforge.net/mediawiki/index.php/InstallDebian.
>>My /usr/src folder is as follows
>>lvgdell600m:/usr/src# ls -l
>>total 38660
>>drwxr-xr-x  3 root root 4096 2006-02-04 12:07 kernel-patches
>>lrwxrwxrwx  1 root src19 2006-02-04 12:32 linux ->
linux-source-2.6.15
>>drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 2006-02-04 06:00 linux-headers-2.6.15-1
>>drwxr-xr-x  5 root root 4096 2006-02-04 06:01
linux-headers-2.6.15-1-686
>>drwxr-xr-x 19 root root 4096 2006-02-02 05:04 linux-source-2.6.15
>>-rw-r--r--  1 root root 39389485 2006-02-02 05:53
linux-source-2.6.15.tar.bz2
>>drwxr-xr-x  3 root root 4096 2006-01-20 15:24 modules
>>-rw-r--r--  1 root root   124786 2006-01-20 15:24
ndiswrapper-source.tar.bz2
>>I tried make modules and got error as follows.
>>lvgdell600m:/usr/src/modules/ndiswrapper# ./debian/rules
>>binary-modules KSRC=../../linux
>>/usr/bin/gcc
>>for templ in ; do \
>>cp $templ `echo $templ | sed -e 's/_KVERS_/2.6.15/g'` ; \
>>  done
>>for templ in `ls debian/*.modules.in` ; do \
>>test -e ${templ%.modules.in}.backup || cp ${templ%.modules.in}
>>${templ%.modules.in}.backup 2>/dev/null || true; \
>>sed -e 's/##KVERS##/2.6.15/g ;s/#KVERS#/2.6.15/g ;
>>s/_KVERS_/2.6.15/g ; s/##KDREV##//g ; s/#KDREV#//g ; s/_KDREV_//g' <
>>$templ > ${templ%.modules.in}; \
>>  done
>>dh_testdir
>>dh_testroot
>>dh_clean -k
>>dh_installdirs lib/modules/2.6.15/misc
>># build and install the module
>>/usr/bin/make KPKG_EXTRAV_ARG= KSRC=../../linux \
>>KVER=2.6.15 \
>>INST_DIR=debian/ndiswrapper-modules-2.6.15
/lib/modules/2.6.15/misc/
>>install
>>make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/modules/ndiswrapper'
>>Can't find kernel sources in ../../linux;
>>  give the path to kernel sources with KSRC= argument
to make
>>make[1]: *** [prereq_check] Error 1
>>make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/modules/ndiswrapper'
>>make: *** [binary-modules] Error 2
>>I would like to know where I am going wrong. How to make modules and
utils.
>>--
>>L.V.Gandhi
>>http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
>>linux user No.205042
>>
>>
>It may be worth looking at the Sarge install instructions
>http://ndiswrapper.sourceforge.net/mediawiki/index.php/InstallDebianSarge
>. They are simpler and use a stock kernel. Its easy to go wrong trying
>to compile a special kernel. I can see no reason why these instructions
>would not work in unstable too.
>



Thanks for your time. I have done this using m-a a-i ndiswrapper. everything
goes OK. My wifi interface is recognised as eth0 and ethernet one as eth1. I
don't know how this done. But any reference to know is welcome. I could get
connected also by the script as given by me earlier. Problem is it is
neither get activated by hotplug nor by auto eth0 in interfaces.
When I run the script after login, it gets connected

Re: Re: ndiswraaper install error.

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 1/29/07, Angelo Bertolli <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


L.V.Gandhi wrote:
> Thanks for your time. I have done this using m-a a-i ndiswrapper.
> everything goes OK. My wifi interface is recognised as eth0 and
> ethernet one as eth1. I don't know how this done. But any reference to
> know is welcome. I could get connected also by the script as given by
> me earlier. Problem is it is neither get activated by hotplug nor by
> auto eth0 in interfaces.
>
> When I run the script after login, it gets connected.
Sorry, I haven't been following this thread but in /etc/modprobe.d you
should find a file called ndiswrapper.  I think you can edit that file
to change the alias of your interface from eth0 to wlan0 if you want.

I am afraid that may not be possible. something is creating the device

eth0 as wireless one before ndiswrapper uses it. Problem is not that. Why
lines in interfaces fail to get lease from dhcp server in first instance nad
get it second time from the script


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linux user No.205042

automounting usb flash drive

[L . V . Gandhi]

I am running etch with kde. Whenever I inserted my sandisk usb flash, it
used to get mounted in /media/disk. Though permissions are shown as
drwxr-xr-x, I couldn't write to it. Hence I thought to use
debian-administration article, I made symlink to /dev/sda1 to /dev/flash
with following line in 010_local.rules. It makes it.
lvgdell600m:~# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/010_local.rules
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb",  DRIVERS=="usb",  ATTRS{product}=="Cruzer Micro",
NAME="%k", SYMLINK="flash", MODE="0775"
lvgdell600m:~# ls -l /dev/flash
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 2007-01-30 17:43 /dev/flash -> sda1
I installed autofs and have
lvgdell600m:~# cat /etc/auto.master
#
# $Id: auto.master,v 1.4 2005/01/04 14:36:54 raven Exp $
#
# Sample auto.master file
# This is an automounter map and it has the following format
# key [ -mount-options-separated-by-comma ] location
# For details of the format look at autofs(5).
#/misc  /etc/auto.misc --timeout=60
#/smb   /etc/auto.smb
#/misc  /etc/auto.misc
#/net   /etc/auto.net
/var/autofs/removable   /etc/auto.removable --timeout=2
lvgdell600m:~# cat /etc/auto.removable
flash   -fstype=vfat,rw,uid=1000,umask=022   :/dev/flash
ehd -fstype=vfat,rw,uid=1000,umask=022   :/dev/ehd
I made symlink as follows
lvgdell600m:~# ls -l /media/flash
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 27 2007-01-30 17:36 /media/flash ->
/var/autofs/removable/flash
but /var/autofs/removable/flash is not made by autofs.
lvgdell600m:~# ls -l /var/autofs/removable/flash
ls: /var/autofs/removable/flash: No such file or directory.
I think something else is automounting to /media/disk as before.
How to make autofs work.

Fuerther I get funny results for the same disk.
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ cp bookmarks.html /media/disk/
cp: overwrite `/media/disk/bookmarks.html'? y
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ cp dwsp.xls /media/disk/
cp: overwrite `/media/disk/dwsp.xls', overriding mode 0755? y
cp: cannot create regular file `/media/disk/dwsp.xls': Read-only file system
I could cp first file but not for secondfile. but both has same permissions.
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ ls -l /media/disk/bookmarks.html
-rwxr-xr-x 1 lvgandhi root 648321 2007-01-30 17:47
/media/disk/bookmarks.html
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ ls -l /media/disk/dwsp.xls
-rwxr-xr-x 1 lvgandhi root 18432 2007-01-28 20:14 /media/disk/dwsp.xls
Anyone can throw some light on this?
--
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http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

usbstick, pmount and unison problem

[L . V . Gandhi]

KDE automounting of usbstick was not allowing me to copy files to usbstick.
Surprising it allows one file to be copied. next file it says stick is
readonly file system. To avoid that, I stopped kde from mounting it. I did
pmount -w -s -u022 /dev/sda1 pendrive
It allowed me to write to the pendrive
But when I tried with unison for file sync, I get error saying pendrive is
readonly file system?
Any solutions?
--
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http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

ASUS P5GC-MX mother board - Attensic network card

[L . V . Gandhi]

I have bought ASUS P5GC-MX mother board which has inbuilt  Attensic
network card. During installation of debian etch, card was not
detected. Hence installed with out network only minimal system(with
only last option in software selection). I have googled. But I didn't
get anywhere near solution. I have only stock kernel of etch.

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linux user No.205042


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Re: ASUS P5GC-MX mother board - Attensic network card

[L . V . Gandhi]

On Fri, Feb 22, 2008 at 6:25 AM, Sridhar M.A. <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Thu, Feb 21, 2008 at 05:57:28PM -0500, Andrew Reid wrote:
>> On Wednesday 20 February 2008 22:53, L.V.Gandhi wrote:
>> > I have bought ASUS P5GC-MX mother board which has inbuilt  Attensic
>> > network card. During installation of debian etch, card was not
>> > detected. Hence installed with out network only minimal system(with
>> > only last option in software selection). I have googled. But I didn't
>> > get anywhere near solution. I have only stock kernel of etch.
>>
>>   Check the CD that came with the motherboard -- I recently
>> installed etch on some P5GC-MX/1333 machines (which is *not* exactly
>> the same mobo, I learned that...) and there's a "linux" directory
>> on the CD with source for an atl2 module that works with the
>> Debian "etch" 2.6.18 kernel.
>>
>  I am also using an ASUS board with Attansic network card. Kernel 2.6.18
>  does not support this card. Why not install 2.6.2[234] on your machine?
>  One of them might even be available from backports?
>
>  Regards,
>
>  --
>  Sridhar M.A. GPG KeyID : F6A35935
>   Fingerprint: D172 22C4 7CDC D9CD 62B5  55C1 2A69 D5D8 F6A3 5935

Dear Sridhar,
Thanks for the response. I tried compiling with downloaded source for
atl2 after installing build-essential. I get msg linux kernel source
not found stop. Is yours attansic L2 network card? Does the driver
compile with any of  2.6.2[234]. What kernel you used and whether it
has direct support or you have compiled driver. If compiled from where
did you get the source? Kindly reply. TIA.
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linux user No.205042


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Re: ASUS P5GC-MX mother board - Attensic network card

[L . V . Gandhi]

On Fri, Feb 22, 2008 at 5:48 PM, Sridhar M.A. <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Fri, Feb 22, 2008 at 07:35:56AM +0530, L.V.Gandhi wrote:
>>
>> Thanks for the response. I tried compiling with downloaded source for
>> atl2 after installing build-essential. I get msg linux kernel source
>> not found stop. Is yours attansic L2 network card? Does the driver
>> compile with any of  2.6.2[234]. What kernel you used and whether it
>> has direct support or you have compiled driver. If compiled from where
>> did you get the source? Kindly reply. TIA.
>>
>  There seems to be some confusion here.
>
>  Compile the kernel 2.6.22/23/24. All of them have support for Attansic card
>  which is obtained after enabling Experimental Drivers. I have not used
>  the driver supplied with the mobo.
>
>  Maybe I misread your post. I have an L1 card. So, my suggestions might
>  not even be useful. Even http://atl1.sourceforge.net/ has no answers.
>  But, http://atl2.sourceforge.net/ has some info.
>
>  HTH,
>
>
>  Regards,
>
>  --
>  Sridhar M.A. GPG KeyID : F6A35935
>   Fingerprint: D172 22C4 7CDC D9CD 62B5  55C1 2A69 D5D8 F6A3 5935

Thanks for your time. Mine is corresponding to atl2 driver which is
fast Ethernet 10/100T where as atl1 is for gigabit Ethernet. whether
kernel 2.6.2[2,3,4] has drivers atl2?


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linux user No.205042


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Loading modules during startup

[L . V . Gandhi]

I have put atl2 in /etc/modules and but after booting I see this in messages.
localhost:~# cat /var/log/messages |grep atl2
Feb 21 12:16:11 localhost kernel: atl2: disagrees about version of
symbol struct_module
Feb 24 18:48:22 localhost kernel: atl2: disagrees about version of
symbol struct_module
Feb 24 18:52:37 localhost kernel: atl2: disagrees about version of
symbol struct_module

But when I load manually as
insmod /lib/modules/2.6.18/kernel/drivers/net/atl2/atl2.ko
I get everythink OK and I could use /etc/init.d/networking restart to
start internet connection.
I also checked for anyother modules in /lib/modules using find. result is
localhost:/lib/modules# find . -name atl2.*
./2.6.18/kernel/drivers/net/atl2/atl2.ko
Any reason why it happens.
What should I do to boot module during boot?

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linux user No.205042


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unison filename case

[L . V . Gandhi]

I have etch both in laptop and in my PC. I am using autofs to mount my
external HDD which is formatted vfat.
my local rules for udev mounting are as follows in both machines

[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ cat /etc/udev/rules.d/010_local.rules
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb",  DRIVERS=="usb",  ATTRS{product}=="Cruzer Micro",
NAME="%k", SYMLINK="flash", MODE="0775"
BUS=="scsi", SYSFS{model}=="External Drive", KERNEL=="sd?1",
NAME="%k", SYMLINK="ehd"

Further auo.removable has similar lines in both
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ cat /etc/auto.removable
flash   -fstype=vfat,rw,uid=1000,umask=022,posix,shortname=winnt
:/dev/flash
ehd -fstype=vfat,rw,uid=1000,umask=022,posix,shortname=winnt
  :/dev/ehd

my lvg.prf for doing syn as follows
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ cat .unison/lvg.prf
# Unison preferences file
root = /media/ehd/Lvg
root = /media/wind/Lvg

# to ignore
ignore = Name *~
ignore = Name .*~
ignore = Name *.bak

# to ignore perms
perms = 0o1600

But in my laptop, when I do sync with unison to external HDD, get no
case conflicts. But when I do sync my PC and External HDD I get case
conflicts.  Further when I do sync with unison both laptop and PC, I
don't get any case conflicts. Problem is with PC and external HDD. Any
clues to avoid this conflict?
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linux user No.205042


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script doubt

[L . V . Gandhi]

I have a scipt as follows.
#!/bin/bash
cd /home/lvgandhi/stock
tf=modbhav
rm -f AngelGoldPrice
for symbol in $(cat AngelGoldHoldings.txt)
do
grep "$symbol,"  $tf >> AngelGoldPrice
done
in the forloop if I put echo $symbol, i get all the lines of file
AngelGoldHoldings.txt. Each line in this file has a word without space
all letters. modbhav dfile exists in /home/lvgandhi/stock. It contains
lines having symbol and other parameters in addition to other lines.
But I get empty file AngelGoldPrice. Where am I going wrong?
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linux user No.205042


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sound problem after installing latest kernel

[L . V . Gandhi]

I did base install from sarge cd and dist-upgraded to sid. Kernel 2.6.8 was working ok. I disacbled i810_audio and did alsaconf. everything was fine. Now I installed kernel 2.6.16 from repo. now sound is not working. I once again did alsaconf..checked all volumes are ok. Still no sound comes form bmp or realplayer or system sounds. I can not go back to old kernel kernel as udev has changed and old kernel option lands me in console no graphics. What to do to get sound in new situation or I have to go back to old how to do it? I checked lsmod it have 
mohan:~# lsmod|grep sndsnd_intel8x0   29436  2snd_ac97_codec 82784  1 snd_intel8x0snd_ac97_bus    2048  1 snd_ac97_codecsnd_pcm_oss    43520  0snd_mixer_oss  15584  2 snd_pcm_oss
snd_pcm    74408  3 snd_intel8x0,snd_ac97_codec,snd_pcm_osssnd_timer  20292  1 snd_pcmsnd    46080  8 snd_intel8x0,snd_ac97_codec,snd_pcm_oss,snd_mixer_oss,snd_pcm,snd_timer
soundcore   8672  2 sndsnd_page_alloc  9800  2 snd_intel8x0,snd_pcmAny solution please-- L.V.Gandhihttp://lvgandhi.tripod.com/linux user 
No.205042

udev problem

[L . V . Gandhi]

I am running sidI have a rule in localrule as below.lvgdell600m:~# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/local.rulesBUS="scsi", SYSFS{model}="Cruzer Micro", KERNEL="sd?1", NAME="%k", SYMLINK="flash"
Previoulsy it used to work to do automounting with
autofs. it used to create /dev/flash. Now it fails to create. Further
during boot also I get msg rule is not correct. I get msg in syslog as
below. lvgdell600m:~# tail -n 30 /var/log/syslog
May  7 18:03:35 localhost kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 4May  7 18:03:38 localhost kernel: SCSI subsystem initializedMay  7 18:03:38 localhost kernel: Initializing USB Mass Storage driver...
May  7 18:03:38 localhost kernel: scsi0 : SCSI emulation for USB Mass Storage devicesMay  7 18:03:38 localhost kernel: usbcore: registered new driver usb-storageMay  7 18:03:38 localhost kernel: USB Mass Storage support registered.
May  7 18:03:38 localhost kernel: usb-storage: device found at 4May  7 18:03:38 localhost kernel: usb-storage: waiting for device to settle before scanningMay  7 18:03:43 localhost kernel:   Vendor: SanDisk   Model: Cruzer Micro  Rev: 
0.2May  7 18:03:43 localhost kernel:   Type:   Direct-Access  ANSI SCSI revision: 02May  7 18:03:43 localhost kernel: usb-storage: device scan completeMay  7 18:03:44 localhost kernel: SCSI device sda: 1000944 512-byte hdwr sectors (512 MB)
May  7 18:03:44 localhost kernel: sda: Write Protect is offMay  7 18:03:44 localhost kernel: sda: Mode Sense: 03 00 00 00May  7 18:03:44 localhost kernel: sda: assuming drive cache: write throughMay  7 18:03:44 localhost kernel: SCSI device sda: 1000944 512-byte hdwr sectors (512 MB)
May  7 18:03:44 localhost kernel: sda: Write Protect is offMay  7 18:03:44 localhost kernel: sda: Mode Sense: 03 00 00 00May  7 18:03:44 localhost kernel: sda: assuming drive cache: write throughMay  7 18:03:44 localhost kernel:  sda: sda1
May  7 18:03:44 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi removable disk sdaMay  7 18:04:00 localhost automount[6462]: >> mount: special device /dev/flash does not existMay  7 18:04:00 localhost automount[6462]: mount(generic): failed to mount /dev/flash (type vfat) on /var/autofs/removable/flash
Is there any change to creating rules?What should be the rule for creating /dev/flash?-- L.V.Gandhihttp://lvgandhi.tripod.com/linux user No.205042

Re: udev problem

[L . V . Gandhi]

Thanks Florian, EackoJacko and Andrew for response
On 5/17/06, Andrew Sackville-West <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
On Wed, May 17, 2006 at 07:23:20AM -0700, L.V.Gandhi wrote:> I am running sid> I have a rule in localrule as below.
> lvgdell600m:~# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/local.rules> BUS="scsi", SYSFS{model}="Cruzer Micro", KERNEL="sd?1", NAME="%k",> SYMLINK="flash"> Previoulsy it used to work to do automounting with autofs. it used to create
> /dev/flash. Now it fails to create. Further during boot also I get msg rule> is not correct. I get msg in syslog as below.I think there is a recent change to udev where it is a stickler about"=" (assignment) versus "==" (comparator). youmight check that out.
A-BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-Version: GnuPG v1.4.3 (GNU/Linux)iD8DBQFEa4ytaIeIEqwil4YRAt7kAKCpYEFyqZGlBsHh36GwLqfAZaFByQCg5Hk8PU7gDXT01aNzEAXeVhXT4os==0bwK-END PGP SIGNATURE-
-- L.V.Gandhihttp://lvgandhi.tripod.com/linux user No.205042 

/etc/dhclient.conf not recognised

[L . V . Gandhi]

I have dhcp server in my ADSL modem cum router. I have following lines in /etc/dhclient.conf
lease {
  interface "eth1";
  option host-name "lvghomepc";
  fixed-address 192.168.1.2;
}
But ifconfig gives the following results.
eth1  Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:26:54:0E:8E:C0
  inet addr:192.168.1.4  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0

I want to connect a laptop and pc to this dhcp server by their respective ethernet ports and do lan jobs between pc and laptop.Where am I doing mistake?-- L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/linux user No.205042

Re: /etc/dhclient.conf not recognised

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 6/23/06, John Miller <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
L.V.Gandhi wrote:> I have dhcp server in my ADSL modem cum router. I have following lines> in /etc/dhclient.conf> lease {>   interface "eth1";>   option host-name "lvghomepc";
>   fixed-address 192.168.1.2 ;> }> But ifconfig gives the following results.> eth1  Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:26:54:0E:8E:C0
>   inet addr:192.168.1.4 > Bcast:192.168.1.255 <
http://192.168.1.255>  Mask:255.255.255.0> >> I want to connect a laptop and pc to this dhcp server by their
> respective ethernet ports and do lan jobs between pc and laptop.> Where am I doing mistake?> --> L.V.Gandhi> http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/> linux user 
No.205042Will your DHCP server allow you to bind to 192.168.1.2?  If not, thenyour DHCP client won't be able to override the server.  Something elseto consider is that if your client already has bound to 
192.168.1.4 inthe past, you might have to clear out some old leases in order to get itto bind to the new IP number.IMost probably lease time was the problem. Now I got 
192.168.1.2. How to know host name is recognosed in the net?-- L.V.Gandhihttp://lvgandhi.tripod.com/linux user 
No.205042

Re: /etc/dhclient.conf not recognised

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 6/23/06, John Miller <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
L.V.Gandhi wrote:>>> On 6/23/06, *John Miller* <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> [EMAIL PROTECTED]>> wrote:
 L.V.Gandhi wrote:> > I have dhcp server in my ADSL modem cum router. I have following> lines> > in /etc/dhclient.conf> > lease {
> >   interface "eth1";> >   option host-name "lvghomepc";> >   fixed-address 192.168.1.2 > ;> > }> > But ifconfig gives the following results.>
> eth1  Link
encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:26:54:0E:8E:C0>
>   inet
addr:192.168.1.4 > > > Bcast:
192.168.1.255  <> http://192.168.1.255>  Mask:255.255.255.0 <
http://255.255.255.0>> > > >> > I want to connect a laptop and pc to this dhcp server by their> > respective ethernet ports and do lan jobs between pc and laptop.
> > Where am I doing mistake?> > --> > L.V.Gandhi> > http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/> > linux user No.205042>
> Will your DHCP server allow you to bind to 192.168.1.2> ?  If not, then> your DHCP client won't be able to override the server.  Something else
> to consider is that if your client already has bound to> 192.168.1.4  in> the past, you might have to clear out some old leases in order to
> get it> to bind to the new IP number.>> IMost probably lease time was the problem. Now I got 192.168.1.2> . How to know host name is recognosed in the net?>>> --> L.V.Gandhi> http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/> linux user No.205042That should be be pretty straightforward:
$ host lvghomepcfrom each computer on your network.  There are tons of other ways, too,like ping, nslookup, etc.  If all you want to do is make sure thehostname resolves, then making any sort of network connection should do
the trick.Is your DHCP server also a name server?  How do you plan on resolvinghostnames on your network?--JohnYes. I thought from dhclient.conf lease para things will be taken care.
I have gone through the mail from  Jorgensen. I will read FM and come back.-- L.V.Gandhihttp://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Re: /etc/dhclient.conf not recognised

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 6/23/06, Karl E. Jorgensen <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
On Fri, Jun 23, 2006 at 11:51:49AM +0530, L.V.Gandhi wrote:> I have dhcp server in my ADSL modem cum router. I have following lines in> /etc/dhclient.conf> lease {>  interface "eth1";
>  option host-name "lvghomepc";>  fixed-address 192.168.1.2;> }If the DHCP server in the ADSL modem/router is working, then thedhclient will *not* be using the "lease" section in /etc/dhclient.conf.
The client uses the lease section as a fall-back when no serverresponds...Besides: The whole premise behind DHCP is that the clients know*nothing* about the network - this knowledge is centralised in the DHCP
server(s).Basically, the clients broadcast out "I'm new here. I don't knowanybody. Help. Somebody give me an IP address" and the ever-friendlyDHCP server responds with "here's IP address 
x.x.x.x, your network mask,default gateway and name servers. It's yours for the next hour - if youwant it longer, let me know".> But ifconfig gives the following results.> eth1  Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:26:54:0E:8E:C0
>  inet
addr:192.168.1.4  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0Yep. Looks like the server responded. If you check /var/log/syslog and
search for "dhc" you should see the dhclient chatter to confirm thesequence of events.> I want to connect a laptop and pc to this dhcp server by their respective> ethernet ports and do lan jobs between pc and laptop.
Depending on your ADSL modem, you may be able to tell its DHCP server tohand out specific IP addresses to specific MAC addresses (HWaddr aslisted by /sbin/ifconfig). You'll have to check the documentation for
your modem/router for this.If you cannot convince the DHCP server to hand out "fixed" IP addresses,then you have (at least) two other options:- Use dynamic DNS: This allows the IP-addresses to "float", but the DNS
  names can be fixed. This is the "neatest" solution from a technical  point-of-view, but it does require the cooperation of the DHCP server  and a friendly name server. I'm sure there's a HOWTO out there
  describing it better than I ever could.- Use fixed IP addresses for the clients. For this, you'll need to:   - check the DHCP server config in your adsl modem/router: There will be a range of IP addresses that it hands out. Pick some IP
 addresses *outside* that range (but still within the range for the subnet). You may have to change the DHCP range to "make room".   - On the clients: configure /etc/network/interfaces. There should be
 some example lines in there you can use ("iface eth0 inet static" etc...). You only need to do this on the clients that need fixed IP addresses: let the other clients use DHCP as per usual. Then bounce
 the client network interfaces:# ifdown eth0# ifup eth0and start playing.> Where am I doing mistake?Not being rude, but rtfm :-)  - at least with regard to the "lease"
declarations in /etc/dhclient.conf.Hope this helps
Yes. 
Thanks for clearing lot. . 
For me concept is not clear. I thought lease declarations are
sufficient for allocating IP and resolving name by server as per
communication with client.
Still as you said I have to read more FM-- L.V.Gandhihttp://lvgandhi.tripod.com/linux user No.205042

[OT]laptop memory and slot

[L . V . Gandhi]

I have dell inspiron 600m. It stopped working. It was found that by
removing memory from one slot, it starts working. The same slot was
fixed with other working memory module. Even then it didn't work. This
finaly indiactes it is the slot problem. Hence to increase memory, I
had to throw old memory sticks and buy new single chip 512 MB stick.
But problem is my old stick was 266 mhz speed PC2100. Now what is
available in market is 333 mhz PC2700 or Pc3200. How to know whether
this new stick will work in my laptop as seller will not break package
of new stick?I will be use thankful for nay guidance fro other users of i600m or hardware experts?-- L.V.Gandhihttp://lvgandhi.tripod.com/linux user 
No.205042

Re: No menus on some multimedia apps (xmms, audacity)

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 7/7/06, Willie Wonka <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
I'll wager a guess and say your FONT or LOCALE are messed up -- pertaining toUTF-8 and default Languages / Keymap codes you have installed...etcI think those 'numbers' instead of fonts is/are the UTF-8 representation in
code of wghat the font should be (mapped to).I'm running Debian Sarge 3.1r2 (2.6.8-3-686) and have also recently installedAudacity to use -- and it works ;-) ...I was even able to do my first ever"Compile" (/.configure, make, make install) and install LAME just so I could
tell Audacity where the 'libmp3lame.so' file was, so Audacity couldEdit/Save/Export/Play in MP3 format. ;-)I dont have those (your) issues -- but I have many other ones :-( (GTK+ relatedduring compilation).
Post the output of;~$ cat /etc/locale.genen_US ISO-8859-1Use;~$ sudo dpkg-reconfigure localesto alter what the system uses a default, and what's availableThanks for the solution. I also had the problem for a long time. I solved it by changing locale to en_US ISO-8859-1. 

What  to do tomake xmms recognise en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8?-- L.V.Gandhihttp://lvgandhi.tripod.com/linux user No.205042

[OT]usb stick

[L . V . Gandhi]

I have Transend usb pen drive. It was working OK. I gave to my nephew
for backup. He used in some other PC. Now it is not working. Now when I
insert nothing happens. I mean no message in syslog.But in the same machine with other USB stick I get as
Jul  8 16:52:29 localhost kernel: usb 3-5: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 3
Jul  8 16:52:29 localhost kernel: Initializing USB Mass Storage driver...
Jul  8 16:52:29 localhost kernel: scsi0 : SCSI emulation for USB Mass Storage devices
Jul  8 16:52:29 localhost kernel: usb-storage: device found at 3
Jul  8 16:52:29 localhost kernel: usb-storage: waiting for device to settle before scanning
Jul  8 16:52:29 localhost kernel: usbcore: registered new driver usb-storage
Jul  8 16:52:29 localhost kernel: USB Mass Storage support registered.
Jul  8 16:52:29 localhost usb.agent[10831]:  usb-storage: loaded successfully
Jul  8 16:52:34 localhost kernel:   Vendor:
SanDisk   Model: Cruzer Micro 
Rev: 0.2
Jul  8 16:52:34 localhost kernel:   Type:  
Direct-Access 
ANSI SCSI revision: 02
Jul  8 16:52:34 localhost kernel: usb-storage: device scan complete
Jul  8 16:52:35 localhost kernel: SCSI device sda: 1000944 512-byte hdwr sectors (512 MB)
Jul  8 16:52:35 localhost kernel: sda: Write Protect is off
Jul  8 16:52:35 localhost kernel: sda: Mode Sense: 03 00 00 00
Jul  8 16:52:35 localhost kernel: sda: assuming drive cache: write through
Jul  8 16:52:35 localhost kernel: SCSI device sda: 1000944 512-byte hdwr sectors (512 MB)
Jul  8 16:52:35 localhost kernel: sda: Write Protect is off
Jul  8 16:52:35 localhost kernel: sda: Mode Sense: 03 00 00 00
Jul  8 16:52:35 localhost kernel: sda: assuming drive cache: write through
Jul  8 16:52:35 localhost kernel:  sda: sda1
Jul  8 16:52:35 localhost kernel: Attached scsi removable disk sda at scsi0, channel 0, id 0, lun 0
Jul  8 16:52:35 localhost scsi.agent[10918]:  sd_mod: loaded sucessfully (for disk)
Jul  8 16:52:35 localhost udev[10951]: configured rule in
'/etc/udev/rules.d/z_hal-plugdev.rules[2]' applied, 'sda' becomes '%k'
Jul  8 16:52:35 localhost udev[10951]: creating device node '/dev/sda'
Jul  8 16:52:35 localhost udev[10970]: configured rule in '/etc/udev/rules.d/local.rules[1]' applied, added symlink 'flash'
Jul  8 16:52:35 localhost udev[10970]: configured rule in '/etc/udev/rules.d/local.rules[1]' applied, 'sda1' becomes '%k'
Jul  8 16:52:35 localhost udev[10970]: creating device node '/dev/sda1'
What might have gone wrong with that non-working drive? How to make it usable?-- L.V.Gandhihttp://lvgandhi.tripod.com/linux user No.205042

MYSQL, sarge

[L . V . Gandhi]

Where does mysql stores database in sarge?
How to back up data base?
If I want to change data in a field  say symbol  in table say shares from say abcd to lmn, how to do it?-- L.V.Gandhihttp://lvgandhi.tripod.com/linux user 
No.205042

kontact calender export

[L . V . Gandhi]

I am running etch. I was trying to export the calender and import it in
outlook both xp and 2003 in windows xp.. I was getting errors like incorrect
format or fiole may be corrupt. Any solutions

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Re: kontact calender export

[L . V . Gandhi]

On Thu, Aug 7, 2008 at 3:59 PM, Shachar Or <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

> On Thursday 07 August 2008 09:09, L.V.Gandhi wrote:
> > I am running etch. I was trying to export the calender and import it in
> > outlook both xp and 2003 in windows xp.. I was getting errors like
> > incorrect format or fiole may be corrupt. Any solutions
>
> What calendar, exactly?
>
> --
> Shachar Or | שחר אור
> http://ox.freeallweb.org/
>
>
I didn't follow you to reply.What I meant was appointments in the calender
application of kontact I wanted to export and then import it in outlook

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linux user No.205042

Password protected EXCEL files and Openoffice

[L . V . Gandhi]

Is there a way to open password protected excel files in oipenoffice in sarge?-- L.V.Gandhihttp://lvgandhi.tripod.com/linux user No.205042

Re: pc and notebook networking

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 8/6/06, Kevin Mark <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
On Sun, Aug 06, 2006 at 11:00:02AM -0300, Marcelo Chiapparini wrote:> Hello!>> At home I have a PC and a notebook. Both are connected at the same time> to my internet provider (dynamic IP for both) trough a switch. I need to
> transfer data from the notebook to the PC. May be ssh is an option? What> should I do in order the devices see one to the other?>> Thanks in advance>Hi Marcelo,the 2 servers now have an ip. the next thing is to determine what
services you would like to install and run to allow the transfer:ftp,http,ssh, etc. SSH is the most popular becuase it is secure and easyto use. you just need to install the ssh client and server on eachmachine.
cheers,Kevinternet---switch--server #1(192.168.1.x)  |  +-server #2(192.168.1.y)
I have sid  on my laptop and sarge on my desktop. Both has different versions of ssh and How to make fish:/ to work?  
-- L.V.Gandhihttp://lvgandhi.tripod.com/linux user No.205042

Re: pc and notebook networking

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 8/7/06, Kevin Mark <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
On Mon, Aug 07, 2006 at 05:22:24AM +0530, L.V.Gandhi wrote:> On 8/6/06, Kevin Mark <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:> >> >On Sun, Aug 06, 2006 at 11:00:02AM -0300, Marcelo Chiapparini wrote:
> >> Hello!> >>> >> At home I have a PC and a notebook. Both are connected at the same time> >> to my internet provider (dynamic IP for both) trough a switch. I need to
> >> transfer data from the notebook to the PC. May be ssh is an option? What> >> should I do in order the devices see one to the other?> >>> >> Thanks in advance> >>
> >Hi Marcelo,> >the 2 servers now have an ip. the next thing is to determine what> >services you would like to install and run to allow the transfer:> >ftp,http,ssh, etc. SSH is the most popular becuase it is secure and easy
> >to use. you just need to install the ssh client and server on each> >machine.> >cheers,> >Kev> >internet---switch--server #1(192.168.1.x)> >  |
> >  +-server #2(192.168.1.y)>>> I have sid  on my laptop and sarge on my desktop. Both has different> versions of ssh and How to make fish:/ to work?Hi L.V.Gandhi
,have you tried connecting your 'sid' ssh client to the 'sarge' sshserver and vice versa? If you had a problem, explain it. As for 'fish',I have never used it, and maybe someone else can explain it.cheers,
KevThanks Kevin and rishi.
I could work with ssh and fish. But rpoblem was with unison for file
sync. Different versions of unsion doesn't sync files in bth m/cs.-- L.V.Gandhihttp://lvgandhi.tripod.com/linux user No.205042

qtstalker and cvs

[L . V . Gandhi]

I am running debian sarge. it has qtstalker version .26. latest is .32. I wanted to compile and run CVS version in sarge.
Is it possible? Whether libs are compatible? If so what are the files
that should be downloaded from cvs and how to proceed compiling in
sarge?-- L.V.Gandhihttp://lvgandhi.tripod.com/linux user No.205042

fsck died with nexit status 8

[L . V . Gandhi]

I get the above message while booting and halts for maintenance. I
have winxp, kubuntu also in the same machine.  I give root password,
umount /dev/sda9 which is root and do e2fsck /dev/sda9. I get msg
"Superblock last mount time is in future. Fix(y)?. I do y.Then iot
says /dev/sda9 clean. But if I reboot immediately, then also the
machine gets halted with same message?
Any idea why this occurs?
What is the solution?

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Re: External IP

[L . V . Gandhi]

On Fri, Apr 25, 2008 at 9:23 AM, Kamaraju S Kusumanchi
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Daniel Ngu wrote:
>
>  > Hi,
>  >
>  > How do I find out what's the dynamic IP I get when connected
>  > to my ISP? I'm not broadband BTW.
>  >
>
>  I use
>  links2 -dump checkip.dyndns.org | cut -f2 -d:

To which package links2 belongs. How to find out for any command?
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jre wine

[L . V . Gandhi]

I have installed wine. How to make jre to work in wine. I couldn't
install windows version of jre in wine.

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bash doubt

[L . V . Gandhi]

I have a script as follows
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ cat bin/getlstocks
#!/bin/bash
i=0
while [ $i -ne 20 ]
do
for trv in $(cat temp)
do
i=$i+1
grep $trv stock/nsedata/2008/05/20080512.txt >> lstock
done
done
when I run I get error as
integer expression expected
How to correct it

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Re: bash doubt

[L . V . Gandhi]

On Wed, May 14, 2008 at 8:54 AM, Todd A. Jacobs <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Wed, May 14, 2008 at 06:21:07AM +0530, L.V.Gandhi wrote:
>
>> i=$i+1
>
> This syntax is broken. Any of these alternatives will work:
>
>- let i=$i+1
>- let i+=1
>- i=$(( i + 1 ))
>
> Basically, you need to let bash know that $i is an integer, and not a
> string.
>
Now I changed this to
rm -f ~/lstock
i=0
for trv in $(cat temp)
do
while [ $i -ne 20 ]
do
i=$[i+1]
grep $trv stock/nsedata/2008/05/20080512.txt >> lstock
done
done
I get lstock only 0 byte file.
Where am I wrong

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text file from Linux to windows.

[L . V . Gandhi]

I have made a text file in Linux using echo and cat commands. When I
open the file in note pad, I find files are not having line break, but
having a character in place of line break. Is there any way in echo
and cat commands usage to put windows line break?

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Re: text file from Linux to windows.

[L . V . Gandhi]

On Fri, May 30, 2008 at 8:57 PM, Osamu Aoki <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> On Fri, May 30, 2008 at 05:56:43AM +0530, L.V.Gandhi wrote:
>> I have made a text file in Linux using echo and cat commands. When I
>> open the file in note pad, I find files are not having line break, but
>> having a character in place of line break. Is there any way in echo
>> and cat commands usage to put windows line break?
>
> I summarizes these tricks here:
>
>  http://people.debian.org/~osamu/pub/getwiki/html/ch12.en.html#eolconversion
>

Thank you very much.

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Uninstall programs installed in wine.

[L . V . Gandhi]

How to uninstall programs installed in wine?

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Debian etch on SONY VAIO VGN-FE880E/H

[L . V . Gandhi]

I have searched google, tuxmobile, linux-laptop etc. I could n't find any
much useful info regarding installing etch as dual boot in SONY VAIO
VGN-FE880E/H. I will be thankful for any advice or pointers regarding
partioin shrinking retaining all that sony gives intially including its
restore partition. Further i have read vista's partition shring doesn't show
full usable free space unless restore is disabled and something regarding
shadow and page(I don't know what it is and how to do it).
Hence taking care of all these, shrinking that new Vista NTFS partition to
the maximum is my first requirement. I want to get this done properly first.
Hence I nedd advice in this regard first.
Second regarding making work all the hardware that comes with fe880. Any
suggestions or pointers in this regard is welcome.

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linux user No.205042

bios time is not sdhowen by debian

[L . V . Gandhi]

I have dual booting sony vaio laptop booting both vista and etch. System
time ie bios time is shown by vista. But etch shows 7 hrs less. I am in PDT.
Both linux and windows are configured to PDT time zone. In rcS, utc=no is
there. Still this time problem is there. Even if change after reboot, debian
shows less time. Anysolution is appreciated.

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linux user No.205042

no mic with snd_hda_intel in Sony vaio fe880

[L . V . Gandhi]

I have dual boot vista and etch in Sony vaio fe880. lspci shows as below.

00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) High Definition
Audio Controller (rev 02)
   Subsystem: Sony Corporation Unknown device 81ef
   Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 74
   Memory at d01c (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
   Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2
   Capabilities: [60] Message Signalled Interrupts: Mask- 64bit+
Queue=0/0 Enable-
   Capabilities: [70] Express Unknown type IRQ 0
   Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel
   Capabilities: [130] Unknown (5)

modules loaded are
lvgvaio:~# lsmod |grep snd
snd_hda_intel  17332  1
snd_hda_codec 137856  1 snd_hda_intel
snd_pcm_oss38368  0
snd_mixer_oss  15200  1 snd_pcm_oss
snd_pcm68676  3 snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_pcm_oss
snd_timer  20996  1 snd_pcm
snd47012  8
snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_pcm_oss,snd_mixer_oss,snd_pcm,snd_timer
soundcore   9248  1 snd
snd_page_alloc  9640  2 snd_hda_intel,snd_pcm
In kmix I see only master and pcm. no mic.
I tried rec with krec. not recording.
Further with jacks in line out, I couldn't hear anything.
But in vista, all these are working.
Any solutions please
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linux user No.205042

Re: bios time is not shown by debian

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 4/7/07, Florian Kulzer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


On Fri, Apr 06, 2007 at 18:38:30 -0700, L.V.Gandhi wrote:
>  I have dual booting sony vaio laptop booting both vista and etch.
System
>  time ie bios time is shown by vista. But etch shows 7 hrs less. I am in
PDT.
>  Both linux and windows are configured to PDT time zone. In rcS, utc=no
is
>  there. Still this time problem is there. Even if change after reboot,
debian
>  shows less time. Anysolution is appreciated.

Can you read and set the hardware lock as root? Try

hwclock --show
hwclock --set --date="07 Apr 2007 13:06:46"

The date string should have the correct date/time for your local
timezone. Sometimes it is necessary to use the "--directisa" option to
make the above commands work. In that case you can put

HWCLOCKPARS="--directisa"

into /etc/default/rcS to make sure that setting/reading the hardware
clock works during shutdown/boot-up.

--
Regards,
  Florian

Thank you Very much Mr.Florian. I have added line to rcS.  Now during boot

I get system time. But however after booting when I do
lvgvaio:~# hwclock --show
I get
select() to /dev/rtc to wait for clock tick timed out

Though my problem during boot is solved, anything to do now for the above
status.

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Re: bios time is not shown by debian

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 4/7/07, Florian Kulzer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:



The HWCLOCKPARS variable is only effective during boot-up and shutdown,
when /etc/default/rcS is read (sourced) by /etc/init.d/hwclock.sh.

If you want to run hwclock yourself you still have to specify the
"--directisa" option explicitly. I would not worry about this too much
since there is normally little reason to run this command yourself. (If
you want to make sure that the system clock stays on time while the
computer is up and running: That is the job of "ntp" or "chrony" and
does not directly involve the hardware clock AFAIK.)

Thanks for the nice explanation.


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linux user No.205042

Re: ntfs in etch

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 4/7/07, Owen Heisler <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:




The ntfs partition was probably mounted ro though; ntfs-3g provides rw
access to ntfs.



When I tried to modprobe ntfs-3g, i got msg FATAL: Module ntfs_3g not found.
I am running etch.
lvgvaio:~# uname -a
Linux lvgvaio 2.6.18-4-686 #1 SMP Mon Mar 26 17:17:36 UTC 2007 i686
GNU/Linux

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Re: Debian etch on SONY VAIO VGN-FE880E/H

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 4/18/07, stevo123 <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:



Did you ever find out if this is possible?  I'm in the exact same boat.

L.V.Gandhi wrote:
>
> I have searched google, tuxmobile, linux-laptop etc. I could n't find
any
> much useful info regarding installing etch as dual boot in SONY VAIO
> VGN-FE880E/H. I will be thankful for any advice or pointers regarding
> partioin shrinking retaining all that sony gives intially including its
> restore partition. Further i have read vista's partition shring doesn't
> show
> full usable free space unless restore is disabled and something
regarding
> shadow and page(I don't know what it is and how to do it).
> Hence taking care of all these, shrinking that new Vista NTFS partition
to
> the maximum is my first requirement. I want to get this done properly
> first.
> Hence I nedd advice in this regard first.
> Second regarding making work all the hardware that comes with fe880. Any
> suggestions or pointers in this regard is welcome.
>



Please see http://debianetchonsonyvaiofe880.blogspot.com/
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linux user No.205042

Re: Help with NTFS & FAT32

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 4/23/07, Thomas Prangenberg <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


Blast schrieb:
> Hello, I'm using Debian and I have two partitions plus the Debian's, a
> FAT32 and a NTFS ones, but I don't know how to make them accessible from
> the start for users in my system. I've already installed ntfs-3g and
> tried with fstab and /etc/rc.local, but I got nothing yet.
> I will appreciate your help.
>
> tnkx,
> B.
>
>
>

Hello,

have two ntfs partitions. They are mounted at startup via fstab. Any
user can read from and write to them. Fstab looks like this:
# /dev/sda1
UUID=F86443FB6443BAE0 /win ntfs-3g
rw,user,nls=utf8,umask=007,gid=46 0   1
# /dev/sda2
UUID=E458BC4158BC1470 /data ntfs-3g
rw,user,nls=utf8,umask=007,gid=46 0   1
This fstab belongs to my notebook which actually runs ubuntu (my Debian
desktops don't have windows installed). But the entries should work on
etch too (except for the strange UUIDs which AFAIK belong to the later
2.6.20 kernel)

Best regards,
Thomas



Whether ntfs-3g works with rw for visat ntfs also?

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Etch Updates

[L . V . Gandhi]

After 6th april, I am not getting any updates for Etch. My
/etc/apt/sources.list is
deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ etch main non-free contrib
deb-src http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ etch main non-free contrib

deb http://security.debian.org/ etch/updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://security.debian.org/ etch/updates main contrib non-free

deb http://www.debian-multimedia.org/ etch main

Any comments?

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Re: no USB mouse in Etch

[L . V . Gandhi]

Will you please explain the construct of /^[^D|+]/ in your
dpkg -l udev hotplug linux-image-\* | awk '/^[^D|+]/{print $1,$2,$3}'

On 4/24/07, Florian Kulzer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


On Tue, Apr 24, 2007 at 14:48:42 +, Tim Frink wrote:
> On Fri, 20 Apr 2007 21:20:12 +0200, Florian Kulzer wrote:
>
> >>
> >> Any ideas what might be wrong?
> >
> > What is the output of
> >
> > ls -l /dev/input/by-id/
>
> There is no such a device.

/dev/input/by-id/ should be a directory of symbolic links which tell you
which input hardware has which device node. Maybe your udev is not
working properly. What is the output of

dpkg -l udev hotplug linux-image-\* | awk '/^[^D|+]/{print $1,$2,$3}'

> > Do you see output (codes) scrolling by if you run (as root)
> >
> > cat /dev/input/mice | hd
> >
> > and you move the mouse? (CTRL+C to exit)
>
> No, when I move my USB mouse, there is no output. Moving my touchpad,
> I see some code.

If you have /dev/input/mouse0 or similar then you should also try that.

--
Regards,| http://users.icfo.es/Florian.Kulzer
  Florian   |


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Re: no USB mouse in Etch

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 5/11/07, Andrew Sackville-West <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


On Fri, May 11, 2007 at 03:00:41PM -0700, L.V.Gandhi wrote:
> Will you please explain the construct of /^[^D|+]/ in your
> dpkg -l udev hotplug linux-image-\* | awk '/^[^D|+]/{print $1,$2,$3}'

I've wondered about that too. In fact, I've been saving that mail all
this time thinking I'd get around to deciphering it. Here's my swipe
at it

/ = beginning and end of "match" for awk (the statement that its trying to
match)

^ = match lines that *start* with whatever follows

[...] = match any of the characters inside the brackets

^ = negate the above, so _don't_ match the characters

D|+  = the list of characters to *not* match

so this /^[^D|+]/ will exclude any line that starts with 'D' (like the
first line of dpkg -l output, any line starting with '|' like the
column headings, any line starting with '+' like the big line that
underlines the headings.

Its turns dpkg -l output from :

Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
|
Status=Not/Installed/Config-files/Unpacked/Failed-config/Half-installed
|/ Err?=(none)/Hold/Reinst-required/X=both-problems (Status,Err:
uppercase=bad)
||/ Name   VersionDescription

+++-==-==-
un  linux-image (no description available)
un  linux-image-2.  (no description available)
ii  linux-image-2. 2.6.18+6   Linux kernel 2.6 image on AMD K7
ii  linux-image-2. 2.6.17-5   Linux kernel 2.6.17 image on AMD K7
machines
ri  linux-image-2. 2.6.17-9   Linux 2.6.17 image on AMD K7
ii  linux-image-2. 2.6.18-3   Linux 2.6.18 image on AMD K7
ii  linux-image-2. 2.6.18-8   Linux 2.6.18 image on AMD K7
ii  linux-image-2. 2.6.18.dfsg.1- Linux 2.6.18 image on AMD K7

to

un linux-image 
un linux-image-2.6 
ii linux-image-2.6-k7 2.6.18+6
ii linux-image-2.6.17-1-k7 2.6.17-5
ri linux-image-2.6.17-2-k7 2.6.17-9
ii linux-image-2.6.18-1-k7 2.6.18-3
ii linux-image-2.6.18-3-k7 2.6.18-8
ii linux-image-2.6.18-4-k7 2.6.18.dfsg.1-12


right?

Thanks for the nice explanation.



--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Re: Intel 3945 difficulties

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 5/20/07, Curt Howland <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


Good morning.

I have i386 Etch on a HP Pavilion 6305, and am having a real dog of a
time with the wireless networking.

Previously, I tried to use ndiswrapper to get the Broadcom card that
came with it working, but no such luck. No matter what I did it simply
would not connect, even if it could detect and see the local networks.

This system uses the mini-pci-e interface, and there aren't that many
cards available for it. One is the Intel 3945 card, which seems well
supported (if proprietary) in Debian. So I put the card in and load
all the 3945 packages for this kernal 2.6.18-4-k7

The strange thing happening is that the card doesn't show up in the
lspci list. The Broadcom card does show up, as PCI 03:00:00, but the
Intel card just isn't there at all.

Next, the kernel module loads but the "userspace daemon" doesn't load
because it says "module not loaded".

# lsmod | grep 3945
ipw3945   181092  0
firmware_class 10048  1 ipw3945
ieee80211  30664  1 ipw3945
# /etc/init.d/ipw3945d restart
Stopping ipw3945 regulatory daemon: ipw3945d.
* Not starting ipw3945 regulatory daemon, driver not loaded.

Any ideas? A google search only returns successful efforts, everything
"just works" once the module is loaded. Not this time, however.

I have sent a support request to HP asking if they did something to
the mini-pci-e card slot so that I have to buy the card from them, but
no reply has been forthcoming as yet.

Curt-


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I get as

lvgvaio:~# lsmod | grep 3945
ipw3945   179908  1
ieee80211  29416  1 ipw3945
firmware_class  9600  2 pcmcia,ipw3945
It works for me.


--
L.V.Gandhi
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linux user No.205042

bash script error

[L . V . Gandhi]

The following script works.
for line in $(cat temp.csv);do high52=$(echo $line|cut -d, -f4);high=$(echo
$line|cut -d, -f2);if [[ $high52 = $high ]]; then stock=$(echo $line|cut -d,
-f1); echo $stock >> highs;fi;done
But when it is put in a script file, than command line as
#!/bin/sh
rm -f highs
for line in $(cat temp.csv)
do
high52=$(echo $line|cut -d, -f4)
high=$(echo $line|cut -d, -f2)
stock=$(echo $line|cut -d, -f1)
if [[ $high52 = $high ]]
then
echo $stock >> highs
fi
done
I get error as
/home/lvgandhi/bin/gethilo: 12: [[: not found
Any suggestions please?
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ head -n5 temp.csv
SYMBOL,HIGH_PRICE,LOW_PRICE,HI_52_WK,LO_52_WK
ABB,4368.10,4211.65,4368.10,1900.00
ACC,894.00,870.00,1194.80,601.00
BAJAJAUTO,2250.00,2170.00,3375.20,2074.10
BHARTIARTL,863.40,842.00,882.05,307.30
--
L.V.Gandhi
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linux user No.205042

powersave error.

[L . V . Gandhi]

I get msg while booting "You are not permitted to connect to powersave
daemon via DBUS.  Please check your DBUS configuration and installation."
How to check DBUS configuration?  I don't get any options in kpowersave
button in the tray. I have klaptop also running. Whether both are
complementary or replacements.

--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Comparing files in two directories

[L . V . Gandhi]

I have two directories A and B. In each directory, I have nearly 1000 files
with same names. I would like to compare both directories and find out which
files differ more than say 5 lines. I use kompare and see manually. How to
do it in command line easily?

--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Re: Comparing files in two directories

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 6/13/07, Keith Christian <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


L.V.Gandhi wrote:
> I have two directories A and B. In each directory, I have nearly 1000
> files with same names. I would like to compare both directories and find
> out which files differ more than say 5 lines. I use kompare and see
> manually. How to do it in command line easily?
>
> --
> L.V.Gandhi
> http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
> linux user No.205042


Try these diff commands.  The verbosity is greater in the ones with the
"u" option.


==
First, some sample files are
created in directories A and B,
these files are identical.
==
 Wed Jun 13 15:01:18 ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) ~/difftest>find
 .
 ./A
 ./A/one
 ./A/three
 ./A/two
 ./B
 ./B/one
 ./B/three
 ./B/two



==
By default, the diff command does
not report anything if the files
are identical.

The "r" option is needed to have
diff recurse into the A and B
directories.
==

 Wed Jun 13 15:01:22 ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) ~/difftest>diff -r A B




==
Add the "s" argument to show when
files are the same.
==

 Wed Jun 13 15:01:25 ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) ~/difftest>diff -rs A B
 Files A/one and B/one are identical
 Files A/three and B/three are identical
 Files A/two and B/two are identical




==
Let's change the B/two file to see
how diff reports the change.
==

 Wed Jun 13 15:01:29 ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) ~/difftest>echo "this one is
different" > B/two




==
Omit the "s" option if you want to
see only files that have changed.
==

 Wed Jun 13 15:02:02 ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) ~/difftest>diff -rs A B
 Files A/one and B/one are identical
 Files A/three and B/three are identical
 diff -rs A/two B/two
 1c1
 < two
 ---
 > this one is different




==
The "u" option (unified diff)
displays more information
==

 Wed Jun 13 15:02:06 ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) ~/difftest>diff -ru A B
 diff -ru A/two B/two
 --- A/two   2007-06-13 15:01:18.0 -0600
 +++ B/two   2007-06-13 15:02:02.0 -0600
 @@ -1 +1 @@
 -two
 +this one is different


==
To show only the filenames,
modify the B/three file.
==

 Wed Jun 13 15:09:20 ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) ~/difftest>echo "" >
B/three



==
Run the diff command and grep for
"diff" at the start of the line.
This will show only the filenames
that differ.
==

 Wed Jun 13 15:09:31 ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) ~/difftest>diff -r A B | grep
"^diff"
 diff -r A/three B/three
 diff -r A/two B/two




Hope this is helpful.

Keith


Thanks for your effort and time. All these leads to get list of lines
differing in each file. Once again I have to go through all lines to find
out total number of lines differing in file X ib both folders A and B.


--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Re: some problem in scripting.

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 6/13/07, Alex Samad <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


On Wed, Jun 13, 2007 at 01:58:18PM -0700, L.V.Gandhi wrote:
> I created a .csv file in this format from a original file from the net.
The
> last field here is the last field in original file also. I made this
file as
> original file has empty lines and single field lines also.
> SYMBOL,HIGH_PRICE,LOW_PRICE,HI_52_WK,LO_52_WK
> BHARTIARTL,809.00,790.00,882.05,307.30
> BHEL,1327.00,1301.00,2918.65,1301.00
> I am using this script to find high/low
> #!/bin/bash
> rm -f highs
> rm -f lows
> touch lows
> for line in $(cat temp.csv)
> do
> low52=$(echo $line|cut -d, -f5)
> high52=$(echo $line|cut -d, -f4)
> low=$(echo $line|cut -d, -f3)
> high=$(echo $line|cut -d, -f2)
> stock=$(echo $line|cut -d, -f1)
> if [ $high52 = $high ]
> then
> echo $stock >> highs
> fi
> if [ $low52 = $low ]
> then
> echo $stock >> lows
> fi
> done
> I get highs file. I don't get lows file. I feel there is some
unprintable at
> the end of csv file. Hence matching fails.
> I added one more field and found that ^M in the LO_52_WK field before
comma.
> I tried sed -e 's/M$//'. this didn't help.

forgot to answer this one

did you trie sed -e 's/^M$//' you will need to type ctrl+v and then ctrl+m
to
get the control M into the line

Thanks. This helped.



--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Re: some problem in scripting

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 6/13/07, Mike McClain <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


On 13 Jun 2007, L.V.Gandhi wrote:
>I added one more field and found that ^M in the LO_52_WK field before
comma.
>I tried sed -e 's/M$//'. this didn't help.
>Any solutions?
What you see as ^M is the carriage return, CR = \015 = \0x0d = "\r".
Look for fromdos or roll your own with `tr -d "\015"`.
HTH,
Mike

Thanks Mike.



--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Re: Comparing files in two directories

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 6/13/07, Cameron Hutchison <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


L.V.Gandhi wrote:

>On 6/13/07, Keith Christian <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>>
>> L.V.Gandhi wrote:
>> > I have two directories A and B. In each directory, I have nearly 1000
>> > files with same names. I would like to compare both directories and
find
>> > out which files differ more than say 5 lines. I use kompare and see
>> > manually. How to do it in command line easily?
>>
>> Try these diff commands.  The verbosity is greater in the ones with the
>> "u" option.
>>
>Thanks for your effort and time. All these leads to get list of lines
>differing in each file. Once again I have to go through all lines to find
>out total number of lines differing in file X ib both folders A and B.

You can then pipe the output of diff into the diffstat program (in the
package of the same name) which will tell you how many lines have been
added and removed (modified too, but that always seems to come up zero).

That will give you a summary of differences, one line per file changed.


Thanks. This is what  I was looking for.
--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Re: Comparing files in two directories

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 6/14/07, Ilias Paraponiaris <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


UNISON
I use unison (ssh / static IP) to synchronize my laptop with my desktop
(i.e. two not-local directories). The only issues are i) that the
"modified date" is not preserved and ii) that it is too slow (I had
unison installed in winxp and it was much faster --I have not figured
out why...)
KRUSADER
I use the "compare" command of krusader (file manager) to synchronize my
pc with an external usb hard disk (i.e two local directories). Krusader
handles dates properly and works fine.

Thanks for your time and effort. My aim is not sync, but to find out diff.

Cameron Hutchison reply has helped me.


--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Re: some problem in scripting.

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 6/14/07, William Pursell <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


L.V.Gandhi wrote:
> I created a .csv file in this format from a original file from the net.
> The last field here is the last field in original file also. I made this
> file as original file has empty lines and single field lines also.
> SYMBOL,HIGH_PRICE,LOW_PRICE,HI_52_WK,LO_52_WK
> BHARTIARTL,809.00,790.00,882.05,307.30
> BHEL,1327.00,1301.00,2918.65,1301.00
> I am using this script to find high/low
> #!/bin/bash
> rm -f highs
> rm -f lows
> touch lows
> for line in $(cat temp.csv)
> do
> low52=$(echo $line|cut -d, -f5)
> high52=$(echo $line|cut -d, -f4)
> low=$(echo $line|cut -d, -f3)
> high=$(echo $line|cut -d, -f2)
> stock=$(echo $line|cut -d, -f1)

I would suggest replacing this parsing with something simpler.
For example, to print the symbol followed by the {HI,LO}_52_WK
for each line in the file, you can do something as simple as:
#!/bin/bash

IFS=,
while read SYMBOL HIGH_PRICE LOW_PRICE HI_52_WK LO_52_WK
do
echo $SYMBOL: $HI_52_WK: $LO_52_WK
done < temp.csv

Simplifying the parsing might solve the problem.



Thanks for another variation of solution. However problem was ^M presence at
the end of the line. I would like to know what is IFS=, does here.

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L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Re: Comparing files in two directories

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 6/14/07, William Pursell <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


L.V.Gandhi wrote:
> I have two directories A and B. In each directory, I have nearly 1000
> files with same names. I would like to compare both directories and find
> out which files differ more than say 5 lines. I use kompare and see
> manually. How to do it in command line easily?

Here's a scriptlet that will print the name of all the files for
which diff produces more than 5 lines of output.  (Which is not quite
to say that they differ in 5 lines, but it's close).

for file in $(find A -type f); do if test $(diff $file B/${file/A/} | wc
-l) -gt 5; then echo $file; fi; done



Can you please explain both $ part?

--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Re: Comparing files in two directories

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 6/14/07, William Pursell <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


L.V.Gandhi wrote:
> On 6/14/07, *William Pursell* <[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> > wrote:
>
> L.V.Gandhi wrote:
>  > I have two directories A and B. In each directory, I have nearly
1000
>  > files with same names. I would like to compare both directories
> and find
>  > out which files differ more than say 5 lines. I use kompare and
see
>  > manually. How to do it in command line easily?
>
> Here's a scriptlet that will print the name of all the files for
> which diff produces more than 5 lines of output.  (Which is not
quite
> to say that they differ in 5 lines, but it's close).
>
> for file in $(find A -type f); do if test $(diff $file B/${file/A/}
| wc
> -l) -gt 5; then echo $file; fi; done
>
>
> Can you please explain both $ part?

$(find A -type f) produces a list of files in the directory A.

${file/A/} produces the file name with the leading "A" deleted,
eg:"A/foo" becomes "/foo"

$file B/${file/A/} becomes "A/foo B//foo" which is the
argument list to diff.


I tried your script in little modified wayas follows
rm -f temp;for file in $(find datafiles -type f); do if test $(diff $file
datafiles2/${file/datafiles/} | wc -l) -gt 5; then echo $file >> temp; fi;
done
where directories compared are datafiles and datafiles2
it gave output of
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ cat temp|wc -l
1113
Files in datafiles are
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ ls -l datafiles/* |wc -l
1131
But using diff and diffstat as
diff datafiles  datafiles2 >difffile
diffstat -v -t difffile -o diffsum
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ cat diffsum| sed "/^5,/d"|sed "/^4,/d"|sed "/^3,/d"|sed
"/^2,/d"|sed "/^1,/d"
INSERTED,DELETED,MODIFIED,FILENAME
816,816,0,BOSCHCHASY
739,739,0,MAX
833,833,0,MIRZAINT
267,267,0,NANDAN
812,812,0,SUVEN
Have I misunderstood you in using your script?
Instead of cat diffsum| sed "/^5,/d"|sed "/^4,/d"|sed "/^3,/d"|sed
"/^2,/d"|sed "/^1,/d",
I tried
while read INSERTED DELETED MODIFIED FILENAME;do if [ $INSERTED -gt 5 ];then
echo $FILENAME;fi;done < diffsum
I get error
bash: [: 5,5,0,3IINFOTECH: integer expression expected
I also tried
for line in $(cat diffsum|sed "/FILENAME/d");do insert=$(echo $line|cut -d,
-f1);symbol=$(echo $line|cut -d, -f4);if [ insert -gt 5 ];then echo
$symbol;fi;done
Still I got
bash: [: insert: integer expression expected
What to do to correct these errors.
--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Re: Comparing files in two directories

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 6/15/07, William Pursell <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


L.V.Gandhi wrote:
> On 6/14/07, *William Pursell* <[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> L.V.Gandhi wrote:
>  > On 6/14/07, *William Pursell* <[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> wrote:
>  >
>  > L.V.Gandhi wrote:
>  >  > I have two directories A and B. In each directory, I have
> nearly 1000
>  >  > files with same names. I would like to compare both
> directories
>  > and find
>  >  > out which files differ more than say 5 lines. I use
> kompare and see
>  >  > manually. How to do it in command line easily?
>  >
>  > Here's a scriptlet that will print the name of all the files
for
>  > which diff produces more than 5 lines of output.  (Which is
> not quite
>  > to say that they differ in 5 lines, but it's close).
>  >
>  > for file in $(find A -type f); do if test $(diff $file
> B/${file/A/} | wc
>  > -l) -gt 5; then echo $file; fi; done

>
> I tried your script in little modified wayas follows
> rm -f temp;for file in $(find datafiles -type f); do if test $(diff
> $file datafiles2/${file/datafiles/} | wc -l) -gt 5; then echo $file >>
> temp; fi; done
> where directories compared are datafiles and datafiles2
> it gave output of
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ cat temp|wc -l
> 1113
> Files in datafiles are
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ ls -l datafiles/* |wc -l
> 1131
> But using diff and diffstat as
> diff datafiles  datafiles2 >difffile
> diffstat -v -t difffile -o diffsum
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ cat diffsum| sed "/^5,/d"|sed "/^4,/d"|sed
> "/^3,/d"|sed "/^2,/d"|sed "/^1,/d"

I don't understand what you are trying to filter out here.  /^5,/d
will remove all lines that start with "5,".  I don't understand how
that is useful here.


> Have I misunderstood you in using your script?
> Instead of cat diffsum| sed "/^5,/d"|sed "/^4,/d"|sed "/^3,/d"|sed
> "/^2,/d"|sed "/^1,/d",
> I tried
> while read INSERTED DELETED MODIFIED FILENAME;do if [ $INSERTED -gt 5
> ];then echo $FILENAME;fi;done < diffsum
> I get error
> bash: [: 5,5,0,3IINFOTECH: integer expression expected

Here, you need to set IFS.  Also, in the first line of diffsum,
INSERTED gets the text string "INSERTED" rather than an integer
value.  Try:
sed -n '2,$p' diffsum | (IFS=','; while read INSERTED DELETED MODIFIED
FILENAME; do if test $INSERTED -gt 0; then echo $FILENAME;fi;done )



> I also tried
> for line in $(cat diffsum|sed "/FILENAME/d");do insert=$(echo $line|cut
> -d, -f1);symbol=$(echo $line|cut -d, -f4);if [ insert -gt 5 ];then echo
> $symbol;fi;done
> Still I got
> bash: [: insert: integer expression expected
> What to do to correct these errors.

I like that.  Your invocation of sed is cleaner than mine...
Even better would be:
for line in $(sed 1d diffsum); do...

In this last one, your problem is a simple typo.  replace
"insert" with "$insert"




Thanks for the help.

--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

scripting - cat breaking line

[L . V . Gandhi]

I have a file temp1 as below
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~/stock$ cat temp1
ABB,ABB LTD.,  4730.00,  4779.00,  4700.00,  4726.45,59655
ACC,ACC LIMITED,   860.00,   864.90,   844.30,   852.25
,228318
When I run on command line as
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~/stock$ for line in $(cat temp1);do echo
"20070622,$line">>temp2 ;done
I get temp2 as
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~/stock$ cat temp2
20070622,ABB,ABB
20070622,LTD.,
20070622,4730.00,
20070622,4779.00,
20070622,4700.00,
20070622,4726.45,59655
20070622,ACC,ACC
20070622,LIMITED,
20070622,860.00,
20070622,864.90,
20070622,844.30,
20070622,852.25,228318
line is breaking at every space.
How to avoid this?
I would ike the output to be
20070622,ABB,ABB LTD.,  4730.00,  4779.00,  4700.00,
4726.45,59655
or still as
20070622,ABB,ABB LTD.,4730.00,4779.00,4700.00,4726.45,59655
thus having no space in beginning of field, but maitaining space in strings
like ABB LTD.
--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/

Re: scripting - cat breaking line

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 6/23/07, Wu-Kung Sun <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


The bash manpage says "If the substitution appears within double
quotes, word splitting and pathname expansion are not performed on the
results."  So try "$(cat temp1)"
-


Thanks for the reply. However result was
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ for line in "$(cat temp1)";do echo
"20070622,$line">>temp2 ;done
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ cat temp2
20070622,3IINFOTECH,3I INFOTECH LTD.,   304.00,   307.95,
302.60,   305.55,184687
3MINDIA,3M INDIA LIMITED,  1785.00,  1823.00,  1760.00,
1819.50,1464
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$
I think ever line breaks are not considered.


--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Re: scripting - cat breaking line

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 6/23/07, - Tong - <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


Wu-Kung Sun, have solve the line breaking problem.

Now something else.

On Sat, 23 Jun 2007 14:23:34 -0700, L.V.Gandhi wrote:

> [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~/stock$ for line in $(cat temp1);do echo
> "20070622,$line">>temp2 ;done

FYI, the best approach for your above is to use sed, which can still
maintain lighting speed even the "temp1" is 1g or 10g in size:

sed 's/^/20070622,/' temp1 >> temp2

Thanks for your reply.

Wu-Kung Sun's reply didn't produce desired result. However your advice gave
desired result.
--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Re: scripting - cat breaking line

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 6/23/07, Gabriel Parrondo <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


El sáb, 23-06-2007 a las 18:43 -0700, L.V.Gandhi escribió:
> On 6/23/07, Wu-Kung Sun <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> The bash manpage says "If the substitution appears within
> double
> quotes, word splitting and pathname expansion are not
> performed on the
> results."  So try "$(cat temp1)"
> -
> Thanks for the reply. However result was
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ for line in "$(cat temp1)";do echo "20070622,
> $line">>temp2 ;done
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$ cat temp2
> 20070622,3IINFOTECH,3I INFOTECH LTD.,   304.00,   307.95,
> 302.60,   305.55,184687
> 3MINDIA,3M INDIA LIMITED,  1785.00,  1823.00,  1760.00,
> 1819.50,1464
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~$
> I think ever line breaks are not considered.
>

Look for the IFS variable in the bash manpage.



Thanks Mr.Gabriel Parrondo for your reply. I will look into that.

--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Re: scripting - cat breaking line

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 6/24/07, Matus UHLAR - fantomas <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:


On 23.06.07 14:23, L.V.Gandhi wrote:
> Subject: scripting - cat breaking line

> I have a file temp1 as below
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~/stock$ cat temp1
> ABB,ABB LTD.,  4730.00,  4779.00,  4700.00,  4726.45
,59655
> ACC,ACC LIMITED,   860.00,   864.90,   844.30,   852.25
> ,228318
> When I run on command line as
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~/stock$ for line in $(cat temp1);do echo
> "20070622,$line">>temp2 ;done

it's not "cat" who is breaking lines. This script will fetch content of
"temp1" file to the script, and bash splits fields by any whitespace
charactes, including spaces and tabs, so the "echo" command is calles for
every "word" in a file and echo puts newline at the end of output line by
default.



Thanks for the explanation.


I get temp2 as
> [EMAIL PROTECTED]:~/stock$ cat temp2
> 20070622,ABB,ABB

> line is breaking at every space.
> How to avoid this?

either change IFS only to contain newline, or forget using $(cat ...) and
use different cycle:

while read line
do
echo "20070622,$line"
done < temp1 > temp2

(or >>temp2 if you want to append to the "temp2" file)

Thanks for the solution. Simpler one was given by Tong.

sed 's/^/20070622,/' temp1 >> temp2
--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042

Re: scripting - cat breaking line

[L . V . Gandhi]

On 6/24/07, s. keeling <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:

L.V.Gandhi <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>:
>  --=_Part_150443_25730719.1182692831198
>  Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=flowed
>  Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
>  Content-Disposition: inline
>
>  T24gNi8yMy8wNywgR2FicmllbCBQYXJyb25kbyA8Zy5wYXJyb25kb0BnbWFpbC5jb20+IHdyb3Rl
>  Ogo+Cj4gRWwgc8OhYiwgMjMtMDYtMjAwNyBhIGxhcyAxODo0MyAtMDcwMCwgTC5WLkdhbmRoaSBl

Why am I looking at a base64 binary blob in a Debian mailinglist?
Would you please not do this?  It's bad enough that you post html.
The above is useless.

Sorry. Normally I use text format in Gmail. Inadvetantly html has crept in.

--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042


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file is read as line.

[L . V . Gandhi]

I have a file in format as
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:~/stock/today$ head -n5 Pd250607.csv
MKT,SERIES,SYMBOL,SECURITY,PREV_CL_PR,OPEN_PRICE,HIGH_PRICE,LOW_PRICE,CLOSE_PRICE,NET_TRDVAL,NET_TRDQTY,IND_SEC,CORP_IND,TRADES,HI_52_WK,LO_52_WK
Y, , ,S&P CNX Nifty,  4252.05,  4251.40,  4264.25,
4236.30,  4259.40,  83083471868.32,295713515,Y,
,3057964,  4362.95,  2878.25
Y, , ,CNX IT,  5159.90,  5165.80,  5167.25,  5084.20,
   5110.45,0,0,Y, ,0,  5857.10,  3811.05
Y, , ,CNX Nifty Junior,  8428.75,  8436.50,  8491.30,
8394.10,  8482.45,0,0,Y, ,0,  8491.30,  4735.60
Y, , ,S&P CNX Defty,  3619.15,  3609.65,  3620.60,
3593.60,  3614.05,0,0,Y, ,0,  3733.20,  2125.95

I used a scipt "gethilo" as follows to get highs and lows.

#!/bin/bash
rm -f highs
rm -f lows
IFS=","
while read MKT SERIES SYMBOL SECURITY PREV_CL_PR OPEN_PRICE HIGH_PRICE
LOW_PRICE CLOSE_PRICE NET_TRDVAL NET_TRDQTY IND_SEC CORP_IND TRADES
HI_52_WK LO_52_WK
do
if [[ $SYMBOL == [3,A-Z]* ]]
then
LO_52_WKC=$(echo $LO_52_WK|tr -d "\r")
if [ "$HIGH_PRICE" = "$HI_52_WK" ]
then
echo $SYMBOL >> highs
elif [ "$LOW_PRICE" = "$LO_52_WKC" ]
then
echo $SYMBOL >> lows
fi
fi
done < $1

$1 is previous file.
I get highs and lows.
Now my problem is
1)when I do
for line in $(cat /home/lvgandhi/stock/today/highs); do echo
"$line,14" >> temp;done
I get 14 appended only for the last line.
I would like it to be as
ABB,14
AUROPHARMA,14

2) when I do
for stock in $(cat /home/lvgandhi/stock/today/highs|cut -d, -f1);do ln
-s /home/lvgandhi/.qtstalker/data1/data/Stocks/nse/$stock $stock;done
I get
n: accessing 
`ABB\nREL\nAUROPHARMA\nGMRINFRA\nIDFC\nLICHSGFIN\nADLABSFILM\nADVANIHOTR\nANKURDRUGS\nAPIL\nASHAPURMIN\nASIANELEC\nBANCOINDIA\nBBL\nCHETTINAD\nCRISIL\nEASUNREYRL\nEDUCOMP\nENTEGRA\nESABINDIA\nFTCSF3YDIV\nFTCSF3YGRO\nGANESHHOUC\nGBN\nGESHIP\nGMDCLTD\nGREENPLY\nHIKAL\nIBREALEST\nINDIAINFO\nINDOTECH\nJBFIND\nKLGSYSTEL\nMALCO\nNORTHGATE\nNSIL\nOILCOUNTUB\nPAVCI\nPRIMESECU\nROLTA\nRUBYMILLS\nSARLAPOLY\nSATHAISPAT\nSUNDARMFIN\nTHERMAX\nTV-18\nVENKEYS\nVOLTAMP\nOENCONNECT':
File name too long

Any error in my script gethilo? Any correction to get desired result.
--
L.V.Gandhi
http://lvgandhi.tripod.com/
linux user No.205042


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