best practice system setup and some concept ideas - /root (OS) /home (data) re-play changes and and /etc/config after re-install with new distro version?

[dude]

Hello Dear Debians,

what is the best practice for easy update & dist-upgrade:

 1. in terms of speed and easy of distro updates, it makes sense to separate
  * /root (software (programs) that can be re-downloaded) (on
separate single suepr fast SSD or NVMe)
  * /home (non-reblacable unique data (massive amounts of space with
8x4TB software mdadm RAID10))
 2. when a new Debian 12 is coming out
  * how to re-play all those changes, installs, configs and programs
made to /root?
  * mergo changes from a git repo into (also changed/updated by
distro) config files?
  o and just pray it works :) (it will very often work :)
 3. if things go wrong there is still this nice "show me all changes to
logs in beautiful colors" one liner
  * (ccze is very much needed also in Debian 12 :) (tried many
alternatives)
  * find /var/log/* -type f \( -name "*" \) ! -path '*.gz*' -exec
tail -n0 -f "$file" {} + | ccze

would it be cool if such a system was already "build into" GNU Linux Debian?

Like:

 1. install a very basic Debian 11 template
 2. apply all changes (all changes will be recorded to a separate
partition (!?) or a local git repo!?) and saved as a "config
snapshot" that can be re applied as soon as Debian 12 template is
released :)?

just an idea :)

to automate those updates :)

(which with very basic systems with basic services just work (mostly)
flawlessly thanks all involved :)

best reg

network-manager-gnome - no primary & secondary dns possible?

[dude]

Hello,

on latest Debian 11 + MATE Desktop (it is software simplicity at it's 
best :)


why is it not possible to set primary & secondary dns via 
network-manager-gnome? (only "additional dns")


also: it used to be /etc/resolv.conf

where nameservers are set

systemd is doing it’s own thing

/etc/systemd/resolved.conf

and Ubuntu (based on Debian) is doing (again) it’s entirely own thing 
(netplan)


rendering 99% of all documentation useless X-D and annoys and confuses 
new users that just “want to set primary dns” in 3 sec not 30min to 
figure out what system is doing what how.


why not let's do it like that:

1. /etc/resolv.conf should stay what it is

it could be defined in that fiel:

2.1. via #comment in first line what program is in charge of the file

2.2. second #comment line what syntax-format this config file is using 
(standard X)


simplify! simplify! simplify!

best regards

Re: network-manager-gnome - no primary & secondary dns possible?

[dude]

Hello and thanks for getting back

0. updated to latest

apt udpate && apt upgrade

hostnamectl; # tested on
  Operating System: Debian GNU/Linux 10 (buster)
    Kernel: Linux 4.19.0-18-amd64
  Architecture: x86-64

1. uninstalled all network managers (now systemd is (probably) the 
network manager)


2. why does systemd do o much other stuff than startup?

3. currently

cat /etc/network/interfaces

configured like this

# === enp2s0:config primary network interface with dhcp ===
allow-hotplug enp2s0
iface enp2s0 inet dhcp
dns-nameservers 81.3.27.54
dns-nameservers 116.202.176.26
dns-nameservers 1.1.1.1

auto enp2s0:0
allow-hotplug enp2s0:0
iface enp2s0:0 inet static
address 192.168.0.222
netmask 255.255.255.0
# gateway 192.168.0.1

# 3.1 why is Google's dns coming in first? (how can dns priority be 
configured?)


cat /etc/resolv.conf
# Dynamic resolv.conf(5) file for glibc resolver(3) generated by 
resolvconf(8)

# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE BY HAND -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE OVERWRITTEN
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
nameserver 81.3.27.54

On 10/16/21 09:47, Michael Biebl wrote:

Am 16.10.21 um 09:27 schrieb dude:

Hello,

on latest Debian 11 + MATE Desktop (it is software simplicity at it's 
best :)


why is it not possible to set primary & secondary dns via 
network-manager-gnome? (only "additional dns")


It is possible. Choose
Method: Automatic (DHCP) addresses only

[Methode: Automatisch (DHCP), nur Adressen]

then specify your DNS servers manually.





also: it used to be /etc/resolv.conf

where nameservers are set


It still is


systemd is doing it’s own thing

/etc/systemd/resolved.conf


Completely unrelated file


well most systems now run systemd, so it is related to the "dns config 
is too complicated and every distro does it's own thing" (non 
standardized?) problem


https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/resolved.conf.html

best regards

Re: Debian Pure Blend - Debian Jr.

[dude]

don't forget to include tetris :)

https://dwaves.de/2019/04/07/bash-games-good-things-are-happening-tetris-and-snake-implemented-in-pure-bash/

and: howto videos!

Re: What are the most important projects that Debian ought to work on?

[dude]

provide build in easy feedback-communications to digest, collect, 
analyze user's needs and progress from there


(more security, stability and faster boot is laways better X-D (in that 
order))


aka: what is REALLY needed (comes per installed per default) and what is 
optional/can be installed by user later


imho the minimalistic approach is my favorite: have as little software 
installed/running as possible


and then gradually add stuff as needed

to gradually improof the OS in a user-centric way

right now pretty happy with Debian 10 and 11 + MATE 2 Desktop (not as 
minimalistic as xfce but not as bloated as Ubuntu Desktop X-D)


and usually without a lot of tinkering it works out of the box on most 
hardware

Re: LESS copyright, not more!

[dude]

Linus: the (GPL 2.0) intented social contract is: “i give you 
sourcecode, give me back your changes”


https://dwaves.de/2022/01/31/why-is-it-gnu-linux-and-not-just-linux-linus-talking-about-gpl-v3-vs-gpl-v2-the-better-one-the-social-gpl-contract-is-i-give-you-sourcecode-give-me-back-your-changes-non-free-binary/

if the developer does not want-need changes back GPL 3.0 is also "okayish"

the kernel licensing is also rather... complicated... (with the many 
different versions of GPL and LGPL) maybe a user can do a 30min 
entertaining sum up video explanation of this ...


 *


 Linux kernel licensing rules

 * The Linux Kernel is provided under the terms of the GNU General
   Public License version 2 only (GPL-2.0), as provided in
   LICENSES/preferred/GPL-2.0, with an explicit syscall exception
   described in LICENSES/exceptions/Linux-syscall-note, as described in
   the COPYING file.This documentation file provides a description of
   how each source file should be annotated to make its license clear
   and unambiguous. It doesn’t replace the Kernel’s license.The license
   described in the COPYING file applies to the kernel source as a
   whole, *though individual source files can have a different license
   which is required to be compatible with the GPL-2.0*:

   GPL-1.0+  :  GNU General Public License v1.0 or later
   GPL-2.0+ : GNU General Public License v2.0 or later  

   
https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/plain/LICENSES/preferred/GPL-2.0?h=v5.17-rc2
   LGPL-2.0  :  GNU Library General Public License v2 only
   LGPL-2.0+ :  GNU Library General Public License v2 or later
   LGPL-2.1  :  GNU Lesser General Public License v2.1 only
   LGPL-2.1+ :  GNU Lesser General Public License v2.1 or later

   src: https://docs.kernel.org/process/license-rules.html

 * actually there is a whole folder “LICENCE” that is shipped with the
   kernel sources, which has the following subfolders:
   


 o deprecated
   

 o dual
   

 o exceptions
   

 o preferred
   

 * *here is a list of all sorts of free licences
   https://spdx.org/licenses/ **(RSS Feed)*
   

PS: yes iterating over this stuff takes time, anyone ever read the whole 
GPL 2.0?


actually did - entertainment factor was... okay

On 2/9/22 10:45, Gard Spreemann wrote:


The Social Contract says clearly:
 "Our priorities are our users and free software"

ISS is running GNU Linux Debian :)

[dude]

 International Space Station adopts Debian Linux, drops Windows & Red
 Hat into airlock X-D

https://www.computerweekly.com/blog/Open-Source-Insider/International-Space-Station-adopts-Debian-Linux-drops-Windows-Red-Hat-into-airlock


   Boldly Going, Running Linux in Space" - Sam Bishop (LCA 2022 Online)

as seen on https://ytpak.net/watch?v=G1fOZr9v2lY

#NOICE! ✌️😎👍⭐🍻

GO DEBIAN GO! (to Mars and beyond!)