I guess if I keep posting long-winded questions .. and then a moment later the solution, I'll not make many friends :) The issue with amanda and the operator user seems to be this: operator shares it's home directory with root. But it cannot read /root. So the .amandahosts file couldn't be read to authenticate amanda's process. I discovered this just AFTER sending my previous message. (sigh) and this is mentioned briefly in a file in the amanda docs (a file added by the packager) but I misread it to be an issue with backingup /root. So, never mind. -Alan --- Alan Mead, Ph.D. / Research Scientist / [EMAIL PROTECTED] Institute for Personality and Ability Testing 1801 Woodfield Dr / Savoy IL 61874 USA 217-352-4739 (v) / 217-352-9674 (f) -- To unsubscribe: mail [EMAIL PROTECTED] with "unsubscribe" as the Subject.