On 20-May-09 20:10:15, Glenn E Stauffer wrote:
> I am trying to use round()to force R to display a specific number
> of decimals, but it seems to display <=2 decimals no matter what I
> specify in the digits argument. As an alternative I tried signif(),
> but it also produces unexpected results. See example code and results
> below.
> Format() works, but then the result no longer is numeric. Am I missing
> something simple?
> I am using R 2.9.0 on Windows XP.
> Thanks,
> Glenn
>
>#code
> h=12345.16711
> h
>
> round(h,digits=1)
> round(h,digits=2)
> round(h,digits=3)
> round(h,digits=4)
> round(h,digits=5)
>
> signif(h,digits=9)
>
> format(h,nsmall=4)
>
>#results
>> h=12345.16711
>> h
> [1] 12345.17
>> round(h,digits=1)
> [1] 12345.2
>> round(h,digits=2)
> [1] 12345.17
>> round(h,digits=3)
> [1] 12345.17
>> round(h,digits=4)
> [1] 12345.17
>> round(h,digits=5)
> [1] 12345.17
>> signif(h,digits=9)
> [1] 12345.17
>>
>> format(h,nsmall=4)
> [1] "12345.1671"
What you're missing is that when you do (e.g.)
h <- 12345.16711
round(h,digits=4)
# [1] 12345.17
what is displayed ("[1] 12345.17") is not the result of round(),
but what the result of round() is to be displayed as given the
options digits=7 (default) for the number of *significant figures*
in the display of stored values.
To see the result as it is stored, you should use print() with
the appropriate number of disgits specified:
print( round(h,digits=5),10)
# [1] 12345.16711
print( round(h,digits=4),10)
# [1] 12345.1671
print( round(h,digits=3),10)
# [1] 12345.167
print( round(h,digits=2),10)
# [1] 12345.17
Internally, round(h) is correctly stored:
h4 <- round(h,4)
h - h4
# [1] 1e-05
h3 <- round(h,3)
h - h3
# [1] 0.00011
h2 <- round(h,2)
h - h2
# [1] -0.00289
To illustrate the influence of the display option digits=7:
h<-45.16711
h
# [1] 45.16711
round(h,digits=4)
# [1] 45.1671
round(h,digits=3)
# [1] 45.167
round(h,digits=2)
# [1] 45.17
h<-345.16711
h
# [1] 345.1671
round(h,digits=4)
# [1] 345.1671
round(h,digits=3)
# [1] 345.167
round(h,digits=2)
# [1] 345.17
h<-2345.16711
h
# [1] 2345.167
round(h,digits=4)
# [1] 2345.167
round(h,digits=3)
# [1] 2345.167
round(h,digits=2)
# [1] 2345.17
Hoping this helps,
Ted.
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E-Mail: (Ted Harding) <ted.hard...@manchester.ac.uk>
Fax-to-email: +44 (0)870 094 0861
Date: 20-May-09 Time: 22:54:41
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