Hello,

I am confused about the order of nesting in mixed models using functions like aov(), lme(), lmer().

I have the following data:
n subjects in either condition A or B
each subject tested at each of 3 numerical values ("distance" = 40,50,60), repeated 4 times for each of the 3 numerical values ("trial" = 1,2,3,4)

Variable summary:
Condition: 2 level factor
Distance: numerical (but only 3 values) in the same units as "y"
Trial: 4 level factor

I expect the subjects' data to differ due to condition and distance, and am doing repeated measurements to reduce any variability due to measurement error.

Currently I'm using this model:

lme(y ~ Condition + Distance, random = ...)

the question is how do I organize the random statement?  Is it:
random = ~1 | Subject
random = ~1 | Subject/Trial
random = ~1 | Trial/Subject
random = ~1 | Condition/Distance/Subject/Trial
...etc, or something else entirely?

Mostly I'm unclear about whether the Trials should be grouped under subject because I expect the trials to be more similar within a subject than across subjects, or whether subjects should be grouped under trials because the trials are going to differ depending on the subject. If trials should be grouped under subjects, then do the condition or distance belong as well, since the trials will be most similar within each distance within each subject?

Thanks in advance!

- Jon


--
Jon Zadra
Department of Psychology
University of Virginia
P.O. Box 400400
Charlottesville VA 22904
(434) 982-4744
email: za...@virginia.edu
<http://www.google.com/calendar/embed?src=jzadra%40gmail.com>

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